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The aim of the research is to study the impact of servant leadership with its dimensions (empowerment, emotional containment, altruism) in the development of administrative creativity in its dimensions (idea generation, implementation of change, problem solving). The research also took the Salah al-Din Education Directorate as a field for study through a random sample of directors of departments, divisions and units in the surveyed directorate, which numbered (49 individuals ( .The research relied on the descriptive analytical method in data processing and analysis, based on the SPSS software package. The results of the statistical processing of the data showed a positive, significant, and statistically significant effect of servant leadership in developing the administrative creativity of managers in the directorate in question, and in light of this, a set of recommendations were formulated that it is hoped that those concerned in the current study will benefit from it.

Peer assessment (PA) is a kind of evaluation which allows the learners to assess their peers’ work with the instructions of the teachers and agreed upon criteria. The Ministry of Higher Education and Scientific Research (MHESR) has worked on reforming the higher education system since 2008. It tries to apply the student-centered approach of learning and prepare graduates to be lifelong learners and critical thinkers. One of the alternative methods of assessment in the Student-centered approach is PA. This paper aims to investigate the use of peer assessment in EFL classes at university level. Further, it tries to find out whether peer-assessment is used correctly! Finally, it discovers the challenges encountered by EFL students while implementing PA in the Essay Writing classes. In this study both qualitative and quantitative method are used. The study has conducted in the colleges of Education, Basic Education, and Languages at SUE with the third stage students. The study concludes that peer assessment is used in EFL classes, but it is not used as correct as it should be. The instructors who used it have to illustrate its procedures in the class before using it.

The common cold is a benign, self-limited, acute viral infection with associated symptoms of sneezing, rhinorrhea, nasal congestion, cough, and malaise. It is the most frequent acute illness in the industrialized world. Adults typically have two to three episodes of illness yearly while children can have up to five. The common cold is typically caused by viruses (including rhinovirus, RSV, coronavirus, and others), and often, no infecting organism is detected. Treatment is usually targeted at symptomatic relief. The differential diagnosis for cough, cold, and congestion is broad: ranging from non-emergent causes such as rhinitis to life-threatening illnesses such as pulmonary embolism. Careful assessment is necessary as misidentification can lead to inappropriate discharge of potentially lethal conditions.

Nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) is the most widely used nondestructive technique in analytical chemistry. In recent years, it has been applied to metabolic profiling due to its high reproducibility, capacity for relative and absolute quantification, atomic resolution, and ability to detect a broad range of compounds in an untargeted manner. While one-dimensional (1D) (1)H NMR experiments are popular in metabolic profiling due to their simplicity and fast acquisition times, two-dimensional (2D) NMR spectra offer increased spectral resolution as well as atomic correlations, which aid in the assignment of known small molecules and the structural elucidation of novel compounds. Given the small number of statistical analysis methods for 2D NMR spectra, we developed a new approach for the analysis, information recovery, and display of 2D NMR spectral data. We present a native 2D peak alignment algorithm we term HATS, for hierarchical alignment of two-dimensional spectra, enabling pattern recognition (PR) using full-resolution spectra. Principle component analysis (PCA) and partial least squares (PLS) regression of full resolution total correlation spectroscopy (TOCSY) spectra greatly aid the assignment and interpretation of statistical pattern recognition results by producing back-scaled loading plots that look like traditional TOCSY spectra but incorporate qualitative and quantitative biological information of the resonances. The HATS-PR methodology is demonstrated here using multiple 2D TOCSY spectra of the exudates from two nematode species: Pristionchus pacificus and Panagrellus redivivus. We show the utility of this integrated approach with the rapid, semiautomated assignment of small molecules differentiating the two species and the identification of spectral regions suggesting the presence of species-specific compounds. These results demonstrate that the combination of 2D NMR spectra with full-resolution statistical analysis provides a platform for chemical and biological studies in cellular biochemistry, metabolomics, and chemical ecology.

Irak'ta yüzyıllardan beri varlık gösteren Türkmen toplumu, köklügeçmişine, lkede bıraktığı zengin tarihi ve kültürel mirasa, günümüzde bilehala canlığını koruyan gelenek-görenek, folklor ve halk müziği ürünlerinerağmen, bilinçli veya bilinçsiz biçimde göz ardı edilmekte, varlıkları yoksayılmak istenmektedir. Bu duruma, bir çok sayıda münevver kişi meydanokuyarak kendi halkının kültürünü ve gelenegini muhafaza etmekteyeçalışmaktadır. Ben de eskiden beri Irak'ta kullanılmakta olan atasözlerini çeşitlikaynaklardan derleyerek bir tez haline getirmenin faydalı olacağı inancındayım.Bu tezin içeriğinde ilk olarak Irak'ta varlığını koruyan Türkmenlerin tarihçesini,aslını, aşiretleri, ağız özellikleri hakkında kısa bilgiler vermeyi önemli buldum.İkinci bölümünde ise Irak Türkmen Atasözleri ve Türkiye Türkçesi ile benzer,karşılıkları olanları ve farklı olanları ile beraber Türkmenlerin kullandığıdeyimleri ele aldım. Despite its rich history of centuries, cultural achievements, customs,musical products, consciously or unconsciously some tries to make Turkmen?sdisappear from Iraq. Part of the Turkmen society, are fighting back to this andtrying to defend their culture and customs. I believe that gathering all the idiomsby using wide and various sources and create a thesis from the Iraqi idioms willbe very useful. In the first part of my thesis, I thought that it is very important todescribe the present Turkmen?s history, their roots, tribes and accent properties.In the second part, I wanted to give the Turkmen idioms, the idioms that aresame with Turkey Turkish, in addition to the different ones. 330