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This study investigates the electrically conducting Maxwell fluid flow over a stretching sheet with the effects of homogeneous‐heterogeneous chemical reactions, thermal radiation, and melting heat. The nanomaterial characteristics are analyzed considering Brownian motion and thermophoresis (Buongiorno's model). Irreversibility analysis is conducted to assess entropy generation. The governing equations of the problem are transformed into dimensionless equations through appropriate similarity transformations. The graphical and tabular numerical solutions are attained through NDSolve via Mathematica. The study examines how various parameters affect the velocity, concentration, temperature, and entropy generation within the flow. This study provides insights into isothermal chemical processes which contribute to the optimization of industrial and engineering applications. It is seen that heterogeneous diffusion parameter increases molecular disorder and rate of irreversible processes, whereas homogeneous diffusion parameter shows opposite trend. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper investigates the Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) convective flow over a cone with the influence of viscous dissipation, variable viscosity, chemical reaction and variable thermal conductivity effects. Related equations are tackled by the Homotopy analysis method (HAM). The impacts of physical variables on concentration, velocity and temperature are presented through numerical tables and graphs. It is noticed that the heat transfer rate (Nusselt number) increases against Prandtl number. Similarly, the mass transfer rate (Sherwood number) increases against Schmidt number. Also, it is seen that skin friction in tangential and azimuthal direction increases against the buoyancy forces ratio parameter. Current results are validated with previous literature work. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hybrid nanofluids can be designed to exhibit multiple functionalities, such as improved thermal conductivity, electrical conductivity, and magnetic properties. Magnetic hybrid nanofluids are gaining recognition in various mainstream applications, including heat transfer, solar systems, acoustic applications, and more. Further, hybrid nanofluids improve the thermal efficiency of radiators, efficiency of heating, ventilation, and air conditioning systems and drug delivery systems. Their notable advantage lies in their capacity to enhance the thermophysical properties of the constituent particles. Peristalsis of MHD hybrid nanomaterial (Al2O3−TiO2+water) in symmetric channel is emphasized. Darcy–Forchheimer law explores nonlinear nature of porous media. Effects of Joule heating and viscous dissipation are considered. The viscosity of fluid depends on temperature. The dimensionless system after invoking lubrication approach is analyzed numerically. Characteristics of prominent variables on the quantities under interest are examined. Comparative analysis of heat transfer rate of hybrid nanofluid and nanofluid are also discussed in detail. Heat transfer rate of system increases by increasing the quantity of nanomaterial in the fluid. Therefore, the temperature of the fluid decreases and the efficiency of the system increases. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]