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The work is devoted to the study of a three-dimensional stress state in the engagement of a locomotive gear drive for short – circuit moment, considering friction on the contact surface. A detailed description of the FEM models is analyzed in relation to the assessment of bending and tensile stresses at the radius of the gear tooth root, considering the friction in the contact surface for short – circuit moment. At the same time, the relationship between bending and tensile stresses and friction was determined using software packages Altair Hyperworks. As a result of the study of the three-dimensional stress state of the gear drive for short – circuit moment, the following was revealed: a significant increase in the bending stress in tension at the radius of the gear teeth; reducing bending stress during the first phase of contact and increasing tensile stress during the second phase of contact by allowing for friction; the magnitude of tensile and bending stresses depends on the magnitude of the coefficient of friction on the contact surface.. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]