28 results on '"Hazard B"'
Search Results
2. Keeping the Canary singing: Maternity care plans and respectful home birth transfer
- Author
-
Dahlen, H, Kumar-Hazard, B, Schmied, V, Jenkinson, R, Fox, D, Dahlen, H, Kumar-Hazard, B, Schmied, V, Jenkinson, R, and Fox, D
- Abstract
This book investigates why women choose ‘birth outside the system’ and makes connections between women’s right to choose where they birth and violations of human rights within maternity care systems. Choosing to birth at home can force women out of mainstream maternity care, despite research supporting the safety of this option for low risk women attended by midwives. When homebirth is not supported as a birthplace option, women will defy mainstream medical advice, and if a midwife is not available choose either an unregulated careprovider or birth without assistance. This book examines the circumstances and drivers behind why women nevertheless choose homebirth by bringing legal and ethical perspectives together with the latest research on high risk homebirth (breech and twin births), freebirth, birth with unregulated careproviders and the oppression of midwives who support unorthodox choices. Stories from women who have pursued alternatives in Australia, Europe, Russia, the UK, the US, Canada, the Middle East and India are woven through the research. Insight and practical strategies are shared by doctors, midwives, lawyers, anthropologists, sociologists and psychologists on how to manage the tension between professional obligations and women’s right to bodily autonomy. This book, the first of its kind, is an important contribution to considerations of place of birth and human rights in childbirth. more...
- Published
- 2020
Catalog
3. Mutations in Durum Wheat SBEII Genes affect Grain Yield Components, Quality, and Fermentation Responses in Rats
- Author
-
Hazard, B, Zhang, X, Naemeh, M, Hamilton, MK, Rust, B, Raybould, HE, Newman, JW, Martin, R, and Dubcovsky, J
- Subjects
Crop and Pasture Production ,and promotion of well-being ,Plant Biology & Botany ,food and beverages ,3.3 Nutrition and chemoprevention ,Prevention of disease and conditions ,Metabolic and endocrine ,Oral and gastrointestinal ,Cancer - Abstract
© Crop Science Society of America | 5585 Guilford Rd., Madison, WI 53711 USA All rights reserved. Increased amylose in wheat (Triticum ssp.) starch is associated with increased resistant starch, a fermentable dietary fiber. Fermentation of resistant starch in the large intestine produces short-chain fatty acids that are associated with human health benefits. Since wheat foods are an important component of the human diet, increases in amylose and resistant starch in wheat grains have the potential to deliver health benefits to a large number of people. In three replicated field trials we found that mutations in starch branching enzyme II genes (SBEIIa and SBEIIb) in both A and B genomes (SBEIIa/b-AB) of durum wheat [T. turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] resulted in large increases of amylose and resistant starch content. The presence of these four mutations was also associated with an average 5% reduction in kernel weight (P = 0.0007) and 15% reduction in grain yield (P = 0.06) compared to the wild type. Complete milling and pasta quality analysis showed that the mutant lines have an acceptable quality with positive effects on pasta firmness and negative effects on semolina extraction and pasta color. Positive fermentation responses were detected in rats (Rattus spp.) fed with diets incorporating mutant wheat flour. This study quantifies benefits and limitations associated with the deployment of the SBEIIa/b-AB mutations in durum wheat and provides the information required to develop realistic strategies to deploy durum wheat varieties with increased levels of amylose and resistant starch. more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
4. The Arabia-India plate boundary unveiled
- Author
-
Fournier, Marc, Chamot-Rooke, Nicolas, Rodriguez, M., Petit, C., Huchon, P., Beslier, M.-O., Hazard, B., Géoazur (GEOAZUR 6526), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (... - 2019) (UNS), COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Institut national des sciences de l'Univers (INSU - CNRS)-Observatoire de la Côte d'Azur, Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Université Nice Sophia Antipolis (1965 - 2019) (UNS), and COMUE Université Côte d'Azur (2015-2019) (COMUE UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Université Côte d'Azur (UCA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS) more...
- Subjects
[SDU.STU]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Earth Sciences ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
International audience
- Published
- 2009
5. A3-3 Absentéisme chez les salariés d’EDF et Gaz de France après un premier accident cardiaque ischémique
- Author
-
Saragoussi, D., primary, Chevalier, A., additional, and Hazard, B., additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
6. Démarche d’équipe pluridisciplinaire pour le maintien dans l’emploi
- Author
-
Hazard, B., primary and Rossignol, F., additional
- Published
- 2004
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
7. Éducation pour la santé en entreprise ? Un service médical à l'épreuve du terrain
- Author
-
Godard, C., primary, Chevalier, Aline, additional, Hazard, B., additional, Siret, B., additional, Busi, A., additional, Michelin, B., additional, Thomas, Jérôme, additional, Franck-Lacaze, O., additional, Chriqui, Henri, additional, Petin, E., additional, Lault, T., additional, François, F., additional, Verrier, A., additional, Colombani, Hélène, additional, Bardol, A., additional, Herrouet, A., additional, Daum, B., additional, Simon, Denys, additional, Von Seckendorf, D., additional, Leoni, A., additional, Louis, Jacqueline, additional, Seta, J.F., additional, Joubert, P., additional, and Pont, P., additional more...
- Published
- 2002
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
8. Dihydrospirorenone, a New Progestogen with Antimineralocorticoid Activity: Effects on Ovulation, Electrolyte Excretion, and the Renin-Aldosterone System in Normal Women
- Author
-
OELKERS, W., primary, BERGER, V., additional, BOLIK, A., additional, BÄHR, V., additional, HAZARD, B., additional, BEIER, S., additional, ELGER, W., additional, and HEITHECKER, A., additional
- Published
- 1991
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
9. Measuring psychological insulin resistance: barriers to insulin use.
- Author
-
Larkin ME, Capasso VA, Chen C, Mahoney EK, Hazard B, Cagliero E, and Nathan DM
- Abstract
PURPOSE: The purpose of this study is to explore the attitudes that contribute to psychological insulin resistance (PIR) in insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes and to identify predictors of PIR. METHODS: A prospective study using 2 self-report surveys and incorporating demographic and health variables was conducted to determine the prevalence of PIR among a sample of 100 adult, insulin-naive patients with type 2 diabetes at an outpatient diabetes center in a university-affiliated teaching hospital. RESULTS: Thirty-three percent of patients with type 2 diabetes were unwilling to take insulin. The most commonly expressed negative attitudes were concern regarding hypoglycemia, permanent need for insulin therapy, less flexibility, and feelings of failure. Less than 40% expressed fear of self-injection or thought that injections were painful. However, compared with willing subjects, unwilling subjects were more likely to fear injections and thought injections would be painful, life would be less flexible, and taking insulin meant health would deteriorate (P < .005 for all comparisons). Poorer general health and higher depression scores also correlated with PIR. CONCLUSIONS: The results of the surveys, which were generally consistent, identified several remediable misconceptions regarding insulin therapy and suggest targets for educational interventions. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR] more...
- Published
- 2008
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
10. Korean Studies Guide.
- Author
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K., B., primary, Hazard, B. H., additional, Hoyt, James, additional, Kim, H. T., additional, and Smith, W. W., additional
- Published
- 1955
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
11. Keeping the Canary singing: Maternity care plans and respectful home birth transfer
- Author
-
Jenkinson, R, Fox, D, Dahlen, H, Kumar-Hazard, B, and Schmied, V
- Abstract
This book investigates why women choose ‘birth outside the system’ and makes connections between women’s right to choose where they birth and violations of human rights within maternity care systems. Choosing to birth at home can force women out of mainstream maternity care, despite research supporting the safety of this option for low risk women attended by midwives. When homebirth is not supported as a birthplace option, women will defy mainstream medical advice, and if a midwife is not available choose either an unregulated careprovider or birth without assistance. This book examines the circumstances and drivers behind why women nevertheless choose homebirth by bringing legal and ethical perspectives together with the latest research on high risk homebirth (breech and twin births), freebirth, birth with unregulated careproviders and the oppression of midwives who support unorthodox choices. Stories from women who have pursued alternatives in Australia, Europe, Russia, the UK, the US, Canada, the Middle East and India are woven through the research. Insight and practical strategies are shared by doctors, midwives, lawyers, anthropologists, sociologists and psychologists on how to manage the tension between professional obligations and women’s right to bodily autonomy. This book, the first of its kind, is an important contribution to considerations of place of birth and human rights in childbirth. more...
- Published
- 2020
12. Un pont sur la Manche
- Author
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Michel Agier, Ficquet, E. (coord.), and Hazard, B. (coord.)
- Subjects
COOPERATION SCIENTIFIQUE ,History ,060101 anthropology ,PERIODE COLONIALE ,Philosophy ,05 social sciences ,Geography, Planning and Development ,0507 social and economic geography ,06 humanities and the arts ,Development ,ANTHROPOLOGIE SOCIALE ,050701 cultural studies ,EPISTEMOLOGIE ,COMPLEXITE ,0601 history and archaeology ,ANTHROPOLOGIE SITUATIONNELLE ,HISTOIRE DES SCIENCES ,Humanities ,ANTHROPOLOGIE POLITIQUE - Abstract
Cet article etudie la place de Georges Balandier dans la formation de l’approche situationnelle en anthropologie, a partir de la problematique politique introduite avec le concept de « situation coloniale » dans les annees 1950 et du point de vue epistemologique, pour l’enquete sur les contextes de « contacts culturels » urbains et politiques en Afrique. Ces deux questions ont rapproche les etudes africaines francaises et britanniques dans les annees 1950 et 1960. more...
- Published
- 2017
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
13. Une anthropologie politique du religieux Sur les traces de Georges Balandier
- Author
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Fabienne Samson, Institut des Mondes Africains (IMAF), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École pratique des hautes études (EPHE), Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Université Paris sciences et lettres (PSL)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris 1 Panthéon-Sorbonne (UP1)-Institut de Recherche pour le Développement (IRD)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-École Pratique des Hautes Études (EPHE), SAMSON, FABIENNE, Ficquet, E. (coord.), and Hazard, B. (coord.) more...
- Subjects
ANTHROPOLOGIE RELIGIEUSE ,[SHS.ANTHRO-SE] Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,History ,ITINERAIRE DE RECHERCHE ,Geography, Planning and Development ,Development ,[SHS.ANTHRO-SE]Humanities and Social Sciences/Social Anthropology and ethnology ,ANTHROPOLOGIE POLITIQUE ,EPISTEMOLOGIE ,ComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS - Abstract
Influencée dès mes premières années d'études par Georges Balandier, je décidai très tôt d'inscrire mon travail dans une anthropologie politique du religieux. Mon premier terrain fut le Sénégal, comme lui, où je m'attelai à comprendre les dynamiques, mutations et enjeux des groupes islamiques puis chrétiens évangéliques de jeunes urbains. De Dakar à Ouagadougou, de Rabat à Alger, mes recherches sur les pratiques religieuses contemporaines, dans les espaces publics ou privés, ont toujours été marquées par cette figure originelle, et je fus fière et heureuse d'avoir croisé sa route, quelques temps, au Centre d'études africaines qu'il avait fondé. more...
- Published
- 2017
14. DEPTH-DOSE SCANNING DEVICE
- Author
-
Hazard, B
- Published
- 1965
15. Setting a human rights and legal framework around 'the ethics of consent during labour and birth: episiotomies'.
- Author
-
Kumar-Hazard B and Dahlen HG
- Subjects
- Humans, Pregnancy, Female, Informed Consent, Episiotomy, Parturition
- Abstract
Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared.
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
16. A comparison of the Woman-centred care: strategic directions for Australian maternity services (2019) national strategy with other international maternity plans.
- Author
-
Dahlen HG, Ormsby S, Staines A, Kirk M, Johnson L, Small K, Hazard B, and Schmied V
- Subjects
- Female, Pregnancy, Humans, Australia, Parturition, Maternal Health Services, Obstetrics, Midwifery
- Abstract
Background: In 2019 the Australian government released a guiding document for maternity care: Woman-centred care strategic directions for Australian maternity services (WCC Strategy), with mixed responses from providers and consumers. The aims of this paper were to: examine reasons behind reported dissatisfaction, and compare the WCC Strategy against similar international strategies/plans. The four guiding values in the WCC strategy: safety, respect, choice, and access were used to facilitate comparisons and provide recommendations to governments/health services enacting the plan., Methods: Maternity plans published in English from comparable high-income countries were reviewed., Findings: Eight maternity strategies/plans from 2011 to 2021 were included. There is an admirable focus in the WCC Strategy on respectful care, postnatal care, and culturally appropriate maternity models. Significant gaps in support for continuity of midwifery care and place of birth options were notable, despite robust evidence supporting both. In addition, clarity around women's right to make decisions about their care was lacking or contradictory in the majority of the strategies/plans. Addressing hierarchical, structure-based obstacles to regulation, policy, planning, service delivery models and funding mechanisms may be necessary to overcome concerns and barriers to implementation. We observed that countries where midwifery is more strongly embedded and autonomous, have guidelines recommending greater contributions from midwives., Conclusion: Maternity strategy/plans should be based on the best available evidence, with consistent and complementary recommendations. Within this framework, priority should be given to women's preferences and choices, rather than the interests of organisations and individuals., Competing Interests: Conflict of Interest Lynne Johnson is on the Board of the Canberra Mothercraft Society (CMS) and Mary Kirk is a member of CMS., (Copyright © 2023 Australian College of Midwives. Published by Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.) more...
- Published
- 2023
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
17. Perspectives of professionals and human rights associations on the IMAgiNE EURO study.
- Author
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Conry J, Kumar-Hazard B, Rubashkin N, Mayra K, Ateva E, and Cadée F
- Subjects
- Humans, Human Rights
- Published
- 2022
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
18. Strategies to improve wheat for human health.
- Author
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Hazard B, Trafford K, Lovegrove A, Griffiths S, Uauy C, and Shewry P
- Abstract
Despite their economic importance and growing demand, concerns are emerging around wheat-based foods and human health. Most wheat-based foods are made from refined white flour rather than wholemeal flour, and the overconsumption of these products may contribute to the increasing global prevalence of chronic diseases, particularly type 2 diabetes and obesity. Here, we review how the amount, composition and interactions of starch and cell wall polysaccharides, the major carbohydrate components in refined wheat products, impact human health. We discuss strategies and challenges to manipulate these components for improved diet and health using newly developed wheat genomics tools and resources. Commercial foods developed from these novel approaches must be produced without adverse effects on cost, consumer acceptability and processing properties., (© 2020. Springer Nature Limited.) more...
- Published
- 2020
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
19. How COVID-19 Highlights an Ongoing Pandemic of Neglect and Oppression When It Comes to Women's Reproductive Rights.
- Author
-
Dahlen HG, Kumar-Hazard B, and Chiarella M
- Subjects
- Australia, Betacoronavirus, COVID-19, Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Reproductive Rights, SARS-CoV-2, Women's Rights, Coronavirus, Coronavirus Infections, Home Childbirth, Maternal Health Services, Midwifery, Pandemics, Pneumonia, Viral
- Abstract
The coronavirus disease-19 (COVID-19) pandemic has exposed an underlying pandemic of neglect affecting women's reproductive rights, particularly in the provision of abortion services and maternity care. The systemic neglect in the Australian context has resulted in a rise in demand for the services provided by privately practising midwives (PPMs) that is not matched by systemic support for, nor recognition of, women choosing to birth at home. As a result, PPMs are unable to meet the rise in demand, which in itself reflects decades of limited State support for the choice to birth at home and opposition by incumbent stakeholders in the provision of maternity care to healthy women with low-risk pregnancies. We discuss the historical backdrop to these currently erupting issues, along with the real reasons for the opposition to PPMs in Australia. Finally, we offer solutions to this ongoing issue., Competing Interests: None. more...
- Published
- 2020
20. Speed breeding in growth chambers and glasshouses for crop breeding and model plant research.
- Author
-
Ghosh S, Watson A, Gonzalez-Navarro OE, Ramirez-Gonzalez RH, Yanes L, Mendoza-Suárez M, Simmonds J, Wells R, Rayner T, Green P, Hafeez A, Hayta S, Melton RE, Steed A, Sarkar A, Carter J, Perkins L, Lord J, Tester M, Osbourn A, Moscou MJ, Nicholson P, Harwood W, Martin C, Domoney C, Uauy C, Hazard B, Wulff BBH, and Hickey LT more...
- Subjects
- Plant Breeding economics, Time Factors, Avena growth & development, Brachypodium growth & development, Brassica growth & development, Crops, Agricultural growth & development, Hordeum growth & development, Plant Breeding methods, Triticum growth & development
- Abstract
'Speed breeding' (SB) shortens the breeding cycle and accelerates crop research through rapid generation advancement. SB can be carried out in numerous ways, one of which involves extending the duration of plants' daily exposure to light, combined with early seed harvest, to cycle quickly from seed to seed, thereby reducing the generation times for some long-day (LD) or day-neutral crops. In this protocol, we present glasshouse and growth chamber-based SB approaches with supporting data from experimentation with several crops. We describe the conditions that promote the rapid growth of bread wheat, durum wheat, barley, oat, various Brassica species, chickpea, pea, grass pea, quinoa and Brachypodium distachyon. Points of flexibility within the protocols are highlighted, including how plant density can be increased to efficiently scale up plant numbers for single-seed descent (SSD). In addition, instructions are provided on how to perform SB on a small scale in a benchtop growth cabinet, enabling optimization of parameters at a low cost. more...
- Published
- 2018
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
21. Equality for Midwives.
- Author
-
Hayes-Klein H and Kumar-Hazard B
- Subjects
- Cesarean Section, Decision Making, Female, Feminism, Humans, Infant, Newborn, Pregnancy, Delivery, Obstetric nursing, Maternal Health standards, Maternal Health Services organization & administration, Midwifery organization & administration, Natural Childbirth nursing, Nurse's Role, Women's Rights
- Published
- 2016
22. Registration of Common Wheat Germplasm with Mutations in SBEII Genes Conferring Increased Grain Amylose and Resistant Starch Content.
- Author
-
Schönhofen A, Hazard B, Zhang X, and Dubcovsky J
- Abstract
Starch present in the endosperm of common wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grains is an important source of carbohydrates worldwide. Starches with a greater proportion of amylose have increased levels of resistant starch, a dietary fiber that can provide human health benefits. Induced mutations in STARCH BRANCHING ENZYME II ( SBEII ) genes in wheat are associated with increased amylose and resistant starch. Ethyl methane sulfonate mutations in SBEIIa and SBEIIb paralogs were combined in the hexaploid wheat cultivar Lassik. Four mutant combinations were generated: SBEIIa/b -AB (Reg. No. GP-997, PI 675644); SBEIIa/b -A, SBEIIa -D (Reg. No. GP-998, PI 675645); SBEIIa/b -B, SBEIIa -D (Reg. No. GP-999, PI 675646); and SBEIIa/b -AB, SBEIIa -D (Reg. No. GP-1000, PI 675647). The SBEII mutant lines were compared with a wild-type control in a greenhouse and field experiment. The quintuple mutant line ( SBEIIa/b -AB, SBEIIa -D) presented significant increases in both amylose (51% greenhouse; 63% field) and resistant starch (947% greenhouse; 1057% field) relative to the control. A decrease in total starch content (7.8%) was observed in the field experiment. The quintuple mutant also differed in starch viscosity parameters. Registration of the hexaploid wheat SBEII -mutant lines by University of California, Davis can help expedite the development of common wheat cultivars with increased amylose and resistant starch content. more...
- Published
- 2016
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
23. Mutations in Durum Wheat SBEII Genes affect Grain Yield Components, Quality, and Fermentation Responses in Rats.
- Author
-
Hazard B, Zhang X, Naemeh M, Hamilton MK, Rust B, Raybould HE, Newman JW, Martin R, and Dubcovsky J
- Abstract
Increased amylose in wheat ( Triticum ssp.) starch is associated with increased resistant starch, a fermentable dietary fiber. Fermentation of resistant starch in the large intestine produces short-chain fatty acids that are associated with human health benefits. Since wheat foods are an important component of the human diet, increases in amylose and resistant starch in wheat grains have the potential to deliver health benefits to a large number of people. In three replicated field trials we found that mutations in starch branching enzyme II genes (SBEIIa and SBEIIb ) in both A and B genomes ( SBEIIa/b -AB) of durum wheat [ T. turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.] resulted in large increases of amylose and resistant starch content. The presence of these four mutations was also associated with an average 5% reduction in kernel weight ( P = 0.0007) and 15% reduction in grain yield ( P = 0.06) compared to the wild type. Complete milling and pasta quality analysis showed that the mutant lines have an acceptable quality with positive effects on pasta firmness and negative effects on semolina extraction and pasta color. Positive fermentation responses were detected in rats ( Rattus spp.) fed with diets incorporating mutant wheat flour. This study quantifies benefits and limitations associated with the deployment of the SBEIIa/b -AB mutations in durum wheat and provides the information required to develop realistic strategies to deploy durum wheat varieties with increased levels of amylose and resistant starch. more...
- Published
- 2015
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
24. Registration of Durum Wheat Germplasm Lines with Combined Mutations in SBEII a and SBEIIb Genes Conferring Increased Amylose and Resistant Starch.
- Author
-
Hazard B, Zhang X, Naemeh M, and Dubcovsky J
- Abstract
Durum wheat [ Triticum turgidum L. subsp. durum (Desf.) Husn.], used in pasta, couscous, and flatbread production, is an important source of starch food products worldwide. The amylose portion of the starch forms resistant starch complexes that resist digestion and contribute to dietary fiber. Increasing the amount of amylose and resistant starch in wheat by mutating the STARCH BRANCHING ENZYME II ( SBEII ) genes has potential to provide human health benefits. Ethyl methane sulfonate mutations in the linked SBEIIa and SBEIIb paralogs were combined on chromosomes 2A ( SBEIIa/b -A; Reg. No. GP-968, PI 670159), 2B ( SBEIIa/b -B; Reg. No. GP-970, PI 670161), and on both chromosomes ( SBEIIa/b -AB; Reg. No. GP-969, PI 670160) in the tetraploid wheat cultivar Kronos, a semidwarf durum wheat cultivar that has high yield potential and excellent pasta quality. These three double and quadruple SBEII- mutant lines were compared with a control sib line with no SBEII mutations in two field locations in California. The SBEIIa/b -AB line with four mutations showed dramatic increases in amylose (average 66%) and resistant starch (average 753%) relative to the control. However, the SBEIIa/b -AB line also showed an average 7% decrease in total starch and an 8% decrease in kernel weight. The release by the University of California-Davis of the durum wheat germplasm combining four SBEIIa and SBEIIb mutations will accelerate the deployment of these mutations in durum wheat breeding programs and the development of durum wheat varieties with increased resistant starch. more...
- Published
- 2014
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
25. Induced mutations in the starch branching enzyme II ( SBEII ) genes increase amylose and resistant starch content in durum wheat.
- Author
-
Hazard B, Zhang X, Colasuonno P, Uauy C, Beckles DM, and Dubcovsky J
- Abstract
Starch is the largest component of the wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) grain and consists of approximately 70-80% amylopectin and 20-30% amylose. Amylopectin is a highly-branched, readily digested polysaccharide, whereas amylose has few branches and forms complexes that resist digestion and mimic dietary fiber (resistant starch). Down-regulation of the starch branching enzyme II ( SBEII ) gene by RNA interference (RNAi) was previously shown to increase amylose content in both hexaploid and tetraploid wheat. We generated ethyl methane sulphonate (EMS) mutants for the SBEIIa -A and SBEIIa -B homoeologs in the tetraploid durum wheat variety Kronos ( T. turgidum ssp. durum L.). Single-gene mutants showed non-significant increases in amylose and resistant starch content, but a double mutant combining a SBEIIa -A knock-out mutation with a SBEIIa -B splice-site mutation showed a 22% increase in amylose content ( P <0.0001) and a 115% increase in resistant starch content ( P <0.0001). In addition, we obtained mutants for the A and B genome copies of the paralogous SBEIIb gene, mapped them 1-2 cM from SBEIIa , and generated double SBEIIa-SBEIIb mutants to study the effect of the SBEIIb gene in the absence of SBEIIa . These mutants are available to those interested in increasing amylose content and resistant starch in durum wheat. more...
- Published
- 2012
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
26. [Workplace education? A medical service to be tested in the field].
- Author
-
Godard C, Chevalier A, Hazard B, Siret B, Busi A, Michelin B, Thomas J, Franck-Lacaze O, Chriqui H, Petin E, Lault T, François F, Verrier A, Colombani H, Bardol A, Herrouet A, Daum B, Simon D, Von Seckendorf D, Leoni A, Louis J, Seta JF, Joubert P, and Pont P more...
- Subjects
- Epidemiologic Studies, Evidence-Based Medicine organization & administration, France, Humans, Needs Assessment, Public Health Practice, Health Education organization & administration, Health Services Research organization & administration, Occupational Health Services organization & administration, Workplace
- Published
- 2002
27. [Information and involvement in health risks exemplified by a radon survey program].
- Author
-
Hazard BP
- Subjects
- Adolescent, Attitude to Health, Child, Female, Germany, Health Behavior, Humans, Male, Pilot Projects, Risk Factors, Community Participation, Health Education, Radiation Injuries prevention & control, Radon adverse effects
- Abstract
As part of a large-scale radon testing program in homes for the region of the Southern Districts of the former German Democratic Republic (GDR) planned by the then West German Federal Ministry of the Environment, Natural Conservation and Reactor Safety and carried out by the Institute of Water, Soil and Air Hygiene (WaBoLu) of the West German Federal Health Office (BGA) in cooperation with the West German Federal Office for Environmental Protection (BfS) and the East German State Office for Atomic Safety (SAAS), the author (then employed at WaBoLu) was responsible for conducting the radon testing in the town of Schlema near the Czechoslovakian border in Southern Saxony. During preparatory work in this town in the fall of 1990, the author noted that the local population was very concerned about their potential radon problem. In the months previously, reports in newspapers and television had frequently pointed out the dangers to health of living in this region, often citing examples of particularly high radon levels from the area. Before the "opening" of the GDR to a free press in the fall of 1989, the local population had heard virtually nothing from the authorities about radon--neither of the possible health risk in general, nor of their own personal radon levels at home. This, together with the lack of experience of East Germans generally to evaluate critically and objectively information from the free press, had led to particularly high levels of anxiety and worry among the local population, even before radon concentrations in homes were known. In the light of these circumstances, the author decided to carry out the radon program with the help of the local school children. These children, aged 13 to 17, were entrusted with the task of carrying out the radon testing using a simple method developed by WaBoLu in all homes of the town. In class, they were informed not only about this testing method, but also about radon generally. It was hoped that, while testing in homes, the school children would pass on this knowledge to the homeowners and thus act as informal "multipliers" of correct information about radon. The approach taken is an example of how environmental hygiene and prevention-oriented environmental medicine could better handle environmental health risks that can be influenced by the individual. It is necessary to become more aware of the fact that all information intended to motivate individuals to protect themselves against environmental health risks may cause at the same time high levels of anxiety.(ABSTRACT TRUNCATED AT 400 WORDS) more...
- Published
- 1993
28. DEPTH-DOSE SCANNING DEVICE.
- Author
-
MAUDERLI W and HAZARD B
- Subjects
- Humans, Equipment and Supplies, Radiology, Radiotherapy Dosage, Technology, Radiologic
- Published
- 1965
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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