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1. The latent structure of the adult attachment interview: Large sample evidence from the collaboration on attachment transmission synthesis

Author

Lee Raby K., Verhage M. L., Pasco Fearon R. M., Chris Fraley R., Roisman G. I., van IJzendoorn M. H., Schuengel C., Madigan S., Oosterman M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Ensink K., Hautamaki A., Mangelsdorf S., Priddis L. E., Wong M. S., Aviezer O., Behrens K. Y., Brisch K. -H., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Duschinsky R., Ierardi E., Finger B., de Millan S. G., Harder S., Hazen N. L., Jin M. M., Myung S., Jongenelen I., Leerkes E. M., Lionetti F., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Pace C. S., Pederson D. R., Riva Crugnola C., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Speranza A. M., Steele H., Tarabulsy G. M., Vaever M. S., Ward M. J., Arnott B., Bailey H., Behringer J., Brice P. J., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Juffer F., Kazui M., Koppe S., Millan S., Murray L., Simonelli A., Solomon J., Steele M., Teti D. M., Monique van Londen-Barentsen W., Lee Raby, K, Verhage, M, Pasco Fearon, R, Chris Fraley, R, Roisman, G, van IJzendoorn, M, Schuengel, C, Madigan, S, Oosterman, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Ensink, K, Hautamaki, A, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Wong, M, Aviezer, O, Behrens, K, Brisch, K, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Duschinsky, R, Ierardi, E, Finger, B, de Millan, S, Harder, S, Hazen, N, Jin, M, Myung, S, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Pederson, D, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Speranza, A, Steele, H, Tarabulsy, G, Vaever, M, Ward, M, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Koppe, S, Millan, S, Murray, L, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Steele, M, Teti, D, and Monique van Londen-Barentsen, W

Subjects
Adult, Predictive validity, Individuality, 050109 social psychology, taxometric, Developmental Science, Developmental psychology, Interview, Psychological, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Categorical models, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, Latent structure, Individual participant data, 05 social sciences, 16. Peace & justice, Object Attachment, Large sample, Standard system, Psychiatry and Mental health, factor analysi, Psychology, latent structure, Attachment measures, Adult Attachment Interview, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract

The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) is a widely used measure in developmental science that assesses adults’ current states of mind regarding early attachment-related experiences with their primary caregivers. The standard system for coding the AAI recommends classifying individuals categorically as having an autonomous, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved attachment state of mind. However, previous factor and taxometric analyses suggest that: (a) adults’ attachment states of mind are captured by two weakly correlated factors reflecting adults’ dismissing and preoccupied states of mind and (b) individual differences on these factors are continuously rather than categorically distributed. The current study revisited these suggestions about the latent structure of AAI scales by leveraging individual participant data from 40 studies (N = 3,218), with a particular focus on the controversial observation from prior factor analytic work that indicators of preoccupied states of mind and indicators of unresolved states of mind about loss and trauma loaded on a common factor. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that: (a) a 2-factor model with weakly correlated dismissing and preoccupied factors and (b) a 3-factor model that further distinguished unresolved from preoccupied states of mind were both compatible with the data. The preoccupied and unresolved factors in the 3-factor model were highly correlated. Taxometric analyses suggested that individual differences in dismissing, preoccupied, and unresolved states of mind were more consistent with a continuous than a categorical model. The importance of additional tests of predictive validity of the various models is emphasized.

Published
2020
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2. The latent structure of the adult attachment interview: Large sample evidence from the collaboration on attachment transmission synthesis

Author

Lee Raby, K, Verhage, M, Pasco Fearon, R, Chris Fraley, R, Roisman, G, van IJzendoorn, M, Schuengel, C, Madigan, S, Oosterman, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Ensink, K, Hautamaki, A, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Wong, M, Aviezer, O, Behrens, K, Brisch, K, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Duschinsky, R, Ierardi, E, Finger, B, de Millan, S, Harder, S, Hazen, N, Jin, M, Myung, S, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Pederson, D, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Speranza, A, Steele, H, Tarabulsy, G, Vaever, M, Ward, M, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Koppe, S, Millan, S, Murray, L, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Steele, M, Teti, D, Monique van Londen-Barentsen, W, Lee Raby K., Verhage M. L., Pasco Fearon R. M., Chris Fraley R., Roisman G. I., van IJzendoorn M. H., Schuengel C., Madigan S., Oosterman M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Ensink K., Hautamaki A., Mangelsdorf S., Priddis L. E., Wong M. S., Aviezer O., Behrens K. Y., Brisch K. -H., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Duschinsky R., Ierardi E., Finger B., de Millan S. G., Harder S., Hazen N. L., Jin M. M., Myung S., Jongenelen I., Leerkes E. M., Lionetti F., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Pace C. S., Pederson D. R., Riva Crugnola C., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Speranza A. M., Steele H., Tarabulsy G. M., Vaever M. S., Ward M. J., Arnott B., Bailey H., Behringer J., Brice P. J., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Juffer F., Kazui M., Koppe S., Millan S., Murray L., Simonelli A., Solomon J., Steele M., Teti D. M., Monique van Londen-Barentsen W., Lee Raby, K, Verhage, M, Pasco Fearon, R, Chris Fraley, R, Roisman, G, van IJzendoorn, M, Schuengel, C, Madigan, S, Oosterman, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Ensink, K, Hautamaki, A, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Wong, M, Aviezer, O, Behrens, K, Brisch, K, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Duschinsky, R, Ierardi, E, Finger, B, de Millan, S, Harder, S, Hazen, N, Jin, M, Myung, S, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Pederson, D, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Speranza, A, Steele, H, Tarabulsy, G, Vaever, M, Ward, M, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Koppe, S, Millan, S, Murray, L, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Steele, M, Teti, D, Monique van Londen-Barentsen, W, Lee Raby K., Verhage M. L., Pasco Fearon R. M., Chris Fraley R., Roisman G. I., van IJzendoorn M. H., Schuengel C., Madigan S., Oosterman M., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Ensink K., Hautamaki A., Mangelsdorf S., Priddis L. E., Wong M. S., Aviezer O., Behrens K. Y., Brisch K. -H., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Duschinsky R., Ierardi E., Finger B., de Millan S. G., Harder S., Hazen N. L., Jin M. M., Myung S., Jongenelen I., Leerkes E. M., Lionetti F., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Pace C. S., Pederson D. R., Riva Crugnola C., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Speranza A. M., Steele H., Tarabulsy G. M., Vaever M. S., Ward M. J., Arnott B., Bailey H., Behringer J., Brice P. J., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Juffer F., Kazui M., Koppe S., Millan S., Murray L., Simonelli A., Solomon J., Steele M., Teti D. M., and Monique van Londen-Barentsen W.

Abstract

The Adult Attachment Interview (AAI) is a widely used measure in developmental science that assesses adults' current states of mind regarding early attachment-related experiences with their primary caregivers. The standard system for coding the AAI recommends classifying individuals categorically as having an autonomous, dismissing, preoccupied, or unresolved attachment state of mind. However, previous factor and taxometric analyses suggest that: (a) adults' attachment states of mind are captured by two weakly correlated factors reflecting adults' dismissing and preoccupied states of mind and (b) individual differences on these factors are continuously rather than categorically distributed. The current study revisited these suggestions about the latent structure of AAI scales by leveraging individual participant data from 40 studies (N = 3,218), with a particular focus on the controversial observation from prior factor analytic work that indicators of preoccupied states of mind and indicators of unresolved states of mind about loss and trauma loaded on a common factor. Confirmatory factor analyses indicated that: (a) a 2-factor model with weakly correlated dismissing and preoccupied factors and (b) a 3-factor model that further distinguished unresolved from preoccupied states of mind were both compatible with the data. The preoccupied and unresolved factors in the 3-factor model were highly correlated. Taxometric analyses suggested that individual differences in dismissing, preoccupied, and unresolved states of mind were more consistent with a continuous than a categorical model. The importance of additional tests of predictive validity of the various models is emphasized.

Published
2022

3. Conceptual comparison of constructs as first step in data harmonization: Parental sensitivity, child temperament, and social support as illustrations

Author

Verhage, M, Schuengel, C, Holopainen, A, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Brown, G, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Vaever, M, Wong, M, Barone, L, Behrens, K, Behringer, J, Bovenschen, I, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Fearon, R, Finger, B, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jongenelen, I, Koppe, S, Lionetti, F, Mangelsdorf, S, Oosterman, M, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Simonelli, A, Spangler, G, Tarabulsy, G, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Brice, P, Brisch, K, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Jin, M, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Leerkes, E, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Millan, S, Murray, L, Nowacki, K, Pederson, D, Priddis, L, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Steele, M, Steele, H, Teti, D, van IJzendoorn, M, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, Verhage M. L., Schuengel C., Holopainen A., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Brown G. L., Madigan S., Roisman G. I., Vaever M. S., Wong M. S., Barone L., Behrens K. Y., Behringer J., Bovenschen I., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Ensink K., Fearon R. M. P., Finger B., Hautamaki A., Hazen N. L., Ierardi E., Jongenelen I., Koppe S., Lionetti F., Mangelsdorf S., Oosterman M., Pace C. S., Raby K. L., Riva Crugnola C., Simonelli A., Spangler G., Tarabulsy G. M., Arnott B., Bailey H., Brice P. J., Brisch K. -H., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Gojman S., Harder S., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Jin M. K., Juffer F., Kazui M., Leerkes E. M., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Millan S., Murray L., Nowacki K., Pederson D. R., Priddis L., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Steele M., Steele H., Teti D. M., van IJzendoorn M. H., van Londen-Barentsen W. M., Ward M. J., Verhage, M, Schuengel, C, Holopainen, A, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Bernier, A, Brown, G, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Vaever, M, Wong, M, Barone, L, Behrens, K, Behringer, J, Bovenschen, I, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Fearon, R, Finger, B, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jongenelen, I, Koppe, S, Lionetti, F, Mangelsdorf, S, Oosterman, M, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Simonelli, A, Spangler, G, Tarabulsy, G, Arnott, B, Bailey, H, Brice, P, Brisch, K, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, Cyr, C, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Howes, C, Jacobsen, H, Jacobvitz, D, Jin, M, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Leerkes, E, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Millan, S, Murray, L, Nowacki, K, Pederson, D, Priddis, L, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Steele, M, Steele, H, Teti, D, van IJzendoorn, M, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, Verhage M. L., Schuengel C., Holopainen A., Bakermans-Kranenburg M. J., Bernier A., Brown G. L., Madigan S., Roisman G. I., Vaever M. S., Wong M. S., Barone L., Behrens K. Y., Behringer J., Bovenschen I., Cassibba R., Cassidy J., Coppola G., Costantini A., Dozier M., Ensink K., Fearon R. M. P., Finger B., Hautamaki A., Hazen N. L., Ierardi E., Jongenelen I., Koppe S., Lionetti F., Mangelsdorf S., Oosterman M., Pace C. S., Raby K. L., Riva Crugnola C., Simonelli A., Spangler G., Tarabulsy G. M., Arnott B., Bailey H., Brice P. J., Brisch K. -H., Castoro G., Costantino E., Cyr C., George C., Gloger-Tippelt G., Gojman S., Harder S., Howes C., Jacobsen H., Jacobvitz D., Jin M. K., Juffer F., Kazui M., Leerkes E. M., Lyons-Ruth K., McMahon C., Meins E., Millan S., Murray L., Nowacki K., Pederson D. R., Priddis L., Sagi-Schwartz A., Schoppe-Sullivan S. J., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Steele M., Steele H., Teti D. M., van IJzendoorn M. H., van Londen-Barentsen W. M., and Ward M. J.

Abstract

This article presents a strategy for the initial step of data harmonization in Individual Participant Data syntheses, i.e., making decisions as to which measures operationalize the constructs of interest - and which do not. This step is vital in the process of data harmonization, because a study can only be as good as its measures. If the construct validity of the measures is in question, study results are questionable as well. Our proposed strategy for data harmonization consists of three steps. First, a unitary construct is defined based on the existing literature, preferably on the theoretical framework surrounding the construct. Second, the various instruments used to measure the construct are evaluated as operationalizations of this construct, and retained or excluded based on this evaluation. Third, the scores of the included measures are recoded on the same metric. We illustrate the use of this method with three example constructs focal to the Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis (CATS) study: parental sensitivity, child temperament, and social support. This process description may aid researchers in their data pooling studies, filling a gap in the literature on the first step of data harmonization. • Data harmonization in studies using combined datasets is of vital importance for the validity of the study results. • We have developed and illustrated a strategy on how to define a unitary construct and evaluate whether instruments are operationalizations of this construct as the initial step in the harmonization process. • This strategy is a transferable and reproducible method to apply to the data harmonization process.

Published
2022

5. Examining Ecological Constraints on the Intergenerational Transmission of Attachment Via Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis

Author

Verhage, Marije L., Fearon, R. M. Pasco, Schuengel, Carlo, van IJzendoorn, Marinus H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Madigan, Sheri, Roisman, Glenn I., Oosterman, Mirjam, Behrens, Kazuko Y., Wong, Maria S., Mangelsdorf, Sarah, Priddis, Lynn E., Brisch, Karl-Heinz, Arnott, B., Aviezer, O., Bailey, H., Behringer, J., Bernier, A., Cassibba, R., Cassidy, J., Coppola, G., Costantini, A., Cyr, C., Dozier, M., Ensink, K., Finger, B., Gojman, S., Harder, S., Hautamaki, A., Hazen, N. L., Ierardi, E., Jin, M. K., Jongenelen, I., Leerkes, E. M., Lionetti, F., Lyons-Ruth, K., McMahon, C., Meins, E., Pace, C. S., Priddis, L., Raby, K. L., Riva Crugnola, C., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Steele, H., Steele, M., Tarabulsy, G. M., Væver, M. S., Brice, P. J., Castoro, G., Costantino, E., George, C., Gloger-Tippelt, G., Howes, C., Jacobvitz, D., Juffer, F., Kazui, M., Køppe, S., Millán, S., Murray, L., Pederson, D. R., Simonelli, A., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Teti, D. M., van Londen-Barentsen, W. M., Ward, M. J., The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis, Verhage, M, Fearon, R, Schuengel, C, van IJzendoorn, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Oosterman, M, Behrens, K, Wong, M, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Brisch, K, Arnott, B, Aviezer, O, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Bernier, A, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Cyr, C, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Finger, B, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jin, M, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Steele, H, Steele, M, Tarabulsy, G, Væver, M, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Køppe, S, Millán, S, Murray, L, Pederson, D, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Teti, D, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission, S, Clinical Child and Family Studies, APH - Mental Health, LEARN! - Social cognition and learning, and LEARN! - Brain, learning and development

Subjects
Male, Parents, Adolescent, Child age, Education, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Sex Factors, Sex factors, Developmental and Educational Psychology, Attachment theory, Humans, 0501 psychology and cognitive sciences, 030212 general & internal medicine, Parent-Child Relations, Child, Object Attachment, Intergenerational transmission, Parenting, Ecology, Individual participant data, 05 social sciences, Age Factors, Intergenerational Transmission of Attachment, Meta-analysis, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Educational Status, Female, Psychology, 050104 developmental & child psychology
Abstract

Parents' attachment representations and child-parent attachment have been shown to be associated, but these associations vary across populations (Verhage et al., 2016). The current study examined whether ecological factors may explain variability in the strength of intergenerational transmission of attachment, using individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. Analyses on 4,396 parent-child dyads (58 studies, child age 11-96 months) revealed a combined effect size of r = .29. IPD meta-analyses revealed that effect sizes for the transmission of autonomous-secure representations to secure attachments were weaker under risk conditions and weaker in adolescent parent-child dyads, whereas transmission was stronger for older children. Findings support the ecological constraints hypothesis on attachment transmission. Implications for attachment theory and the use of IPD meta-analysis are discussed.

Published
2018
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6. Aircraft-borne, laser-induced fluorescence instrument for the in situ detection of hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals

Author

Wennberg, P. O, Cohen, R. C, Hazen, N. L, Lapson, L. B, Allen, N. T, Hanisco, T. F, Oliver, J. F, Lanham, N. W, Demusz, J. N, and Anderson, J. G

Subjects
Environment Pollution
Abstract

The odd-hydrogen radicals OH and HO2 are central to most of the gas-phase chemical transformations that occur in the atmosphere. Of particular interest is the role that these species play in controlling the concentration of stratospheric ozone. This paper describes an instrument that measures both of these species at volume mixing ratios below one part in 10(exp 14) in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The hydroxyl radical (OH) is measured by laser induced fluorescence at 309 nm. Tunable UV light is used to pump OH to the first electric state near 282 nm. the laser light is produced by a high-repetition rate pulsed dye-laser powered with all solid-state pump lasers. HO2 is measured as OH after gas-phase titration with nitric oxide. Measurements aboard a NASA ER-2 aircraft demonstrate the capability of this instrument to perform reliably with very high signal-to-noise ratios (greater than 30) achieved in short integration times (less than 20 sec).

Published
1994

7. The performance of a new instrument for in situ measurements of ClO in the lower stratosphere

Author

Toohey, D. W, Avallone, L. M, Allen, N. T, Demusz, J. N, Hazen, J. N, Hazen, N. L, and Anderson, J. G

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

Abundances of chlorine oxide (ClO) have been measured from 16 km to 30 km by a new balloon-borne in situ instrument developed from an optical design flown previously on the NASA ER-2 aircraft. This instrument, a prototype for one to be flown on the Perseus remotely piloted aircraft, was one-third the weight of that on the ER-2, yet retained the high precision and accuracy necessary for detailed photochemical studies of the lower stratosphere. In this paper we discuss the performance of the instrument during its first flight on March 31, 1991 over eastern New Mexico.

Published
1993

8. Examining Ecological Constraints on the Intergenerational Transmission of Attachment Via Individual Participant Data Meta-analysis

Author

Verhage, M, Fearon, R, Schuengel, C, van IJzendoorn, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Oosterman, M, Behrens, K, Wong, M, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Brisch, K, Arnott, B, Aviezer, O, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Bernier, A, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Cyr, C, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Finger, B, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jin, M, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Steele, H, Steele, M, Tarabulsy, G, Væver, M, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Køppe, S, Millán, S, Murray, L, Pederson, D, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Teti, D, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission, S, Verhage, Marije L., Fearon, R. M. Pasco, Schuengel, Carlo, van IJzendoorn, Marinus H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Madigan, Sheri, Roisman, Glenn I., Oosterman, Mirjam, Behrens, Kazuko Y., Wong, Maria S., Mangelsdorf, Sarah, Priddis, Lynn E., Brisch, Karl-Heinz, Arnott, B., Aviezer, O., Bailey, H., Behringer, J., Bernier, A., Cassibba, R., Cassidy, J., Coppola, G., Costantini, A., Cyr, C., Dozier, M., Ensink, K., Finger, B., Gojman, S., Harder, S., Hautamaki, A., Hazen, N. L., Ierardi, E., Jin, M. K., Jongenelen, I., Leerkes, E. M., Lionetti, F., Lyons-Ruth, K., McMahon, C., Meins, E., Pace, C. S., Priddis, L., Raby, K. L., Riva Crugnola, C., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Steele, H., Steele, M., Tarabulsy, G. M., Væver, M. S., Brice, P. J., Castoro, G., Costantino, E., George, C., Gloger-Tippelt, G., Howes, C., Jacobvitz, D., Juffer, F., Kazui, M., Køppe, S., Millán, S., Murray, L., Pederson, D. R., Simonelli, A., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Teti, D. M., van Londen-Barentsen, W. M., Ward, M. J., The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis, Verhage, M, Fearon, R, Schuengel, C, van IJzendoorn, M, Bakermans-Kranenburg, M, Madigan, S, Roisman, G, Oosterman, M, Behrens, K, Wong, M, Mangelsdorf, S, Priddis, L, Brisch, K, Arnott, B, Aviezer, O, Bailey, H, Behringer, J, Bernier, A, Cassibba, R, Cassidy, J, Coppola, G, Costantini, A, Cyr, C, Dozier, M, Ensink, K, Finger, B, Gojman, S, Harder, S, Hautamaki, A, Hazen, N, Ierardi, E, Jin, M, Jongenelen, I, Leerkes, E, Lionetti, F, Lyons-Ruth, K, Mcmahon, C, Meins, E, Pace, C, Raby, K, Riva Crugnola, C, Sagi-Schwartz, A, Schoppe-Sullivan, S, Steele, H, Steele, M, Tarabulsy, G, Væver, M, Brice, P, Castoro, G, Costantino, E, George, C, Gloger-Tippelt, G, Howes, C, Jacobvitz, D, Juffer, F, Kazui, M, Køppe, S, Millán, S, Murray, L, Pederson, D, Simonelli, A, Solomon, J, Speranza, A, Teti, D, van Londen-Barentsen, W, Ward, M, The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission, S, Verhage, Marije L., Fearon, R. M. Pasco, Schuengel, Carlo, van IJzendoorn, Marinus H., Bakermans-Kranenburg, Marian J., Madigan, Sheri, Roisman, Glenn I., Oosterman, Mirjam, Behrens, Kazuko Y., Wong, Maria S., Mangelsdorf, Sarah, Priddis, Lynn E., Brisch, Karl-Heinz, Arnott, B., Aviezer, O., Bailey, H., Behringer, J., Bernier, A., Cassibba, R., Cassidy, J., Coppola, G., Costantini, A., Cyr, C., Dozier, M., Ensink, K., Finger, B., Gojman, S., Harder, S., Hautamaki, A., Hazen, N. L., Ierardi, E., Jin, M. K., Jongenelen, I., Leerkes, E. M., Lionetti, F., Lyons-Ruth, K., McMahon, C., Meins, E., Pace, C. S., Priddis, L., Raby, K. L., Riva Crugnola, C., Sagi-Schwartz, A., Schoppe-Sullivan, S. J., Steele, H., Steele, M., Tarabulsy, G. M., Væver, M. S., Brice, P. J., Castoro, G., Costantino, E., George, C., Gloger-Tippelt, G., Howes, C., Jacobvitz, D., Juffer, F., Kazui, M., Køppe, S., Millán, S., Murray, L., Pederson, D. R., Simonelli, A., Solomon J., Speranza A. M., Teti, D. M., van Londen-Barentsen, W. M., Ward, M. J., and The Collaboration on Attachment Transmission Synthesis

Abstract

Parents’ attachment representations and child–parent attachment have been shown to be associated, but these associations vary across populations (Verhage et al., 2016). The current study examined whether ecological factors may explain variability in the strength of intergenerational transmission of attachment, using individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis. Analyses on 4,396 parent–child dyads (58 studies, child age 11–96 months) revealed a combined effect size of r =.29. IPD meta-analyses revealed that effect sizes for the transmission of autonomous-secure representations to secure attachments were weaker under risk conditions and weaker in adolescent parent–child dyads, whereas transmission was stronger for older children. Findings support the ecological constraints hypothesis on attachment transmission. Implications for attachment theory and the use of IPD meta-analysis are discussed.

Published
2018

10. A new reeling technique for very long extension scanning in the stratosphere

Author

Hazen, N. L and Anderson, J. G

Subjects
Air Transportation And Safety
Abstract

A balloon-borne winching system has been developed for extending a very long tether with payload down into the stratosphere and recovering it, this has been flight proven by being carrried to an altitude of 40 km, lowering a 62-kg stratospheric photochemistry experiment 12 km at a descent velocity of about 6-8 m/sec and recovering it at comparable velocities. During the first flight, the data gave no evidence of dynamic instabilities due to the system or the stratospheric interactions. The future utility of this payload is discussed with attention to the design factors that bound the range of performance of this type of system.

Published
1985
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11. Reel Down - A balloon borne winch system for stratospheric sounding from above

Author

Hazen, N. L and Anderson, J. G

Subjects
Aircraft Design, Testing And Performance
Abstract

A balloon-borne winch system has been developed and flight tested which permits the repetitive lowering and hoisting of a stratospheric sampling payload for distances of up to 20 km from a float altitude of 35-40 km. This new approach to in situ stratospheric measurements permits multiple scans of various depths and velocities, closely spaced over a period of hours or days, thus dramatically increasing observational effectiveness. The motor driven winch permits control of ascent velocities from 0-9 m/s with energy derived from a large battery; for descent, the motors are used as generators, velocity is controlled over the same range, and the energy is dumped radiatively to space. The 1.75 mm diameter tether is of braided Kevlar construction with a nylon jacket; it exhibits a 2900 N break strength. Both the winch and the payload suspended by the tether are fully instrumented to evaluate potentially destructive system-induced dynamics and the effects of stratospheric wind shears. The system was successfully flight tested by lowering a 62 kg payload for a distance of 12 km from a float altitude of 38.5 km and hoisting it back up again, both at velocities ranging between 5-9 m/s. Observations indicated minimal system-induced dynamical effects, and no adverse effects due to the 8 m/s wind shear present during flight.

Published
1984

12. Stabilization, pointing and command control of a balloon-borne 1-meter telescope

Author

Hazen, N. L, Coyle, L. M, and Diamond, S. M

Subjects
Mechanical Engineering
Abstract

A 1-meter balloon-borne telescope has been constructed and flown to observe far-infrared radiation from celestial sources. The attitude control systems must perform to the diffraction limit of the telescope for stabilization and have positioning capability for source acquisition. These and associated systems are discussed in detail, as is the command control of the payload as a whole.

Published
1974

15. OSO-G1 Experiment Handbook

Author

Diamond, S, Dower, R, and Hazen, N. L

Subjects
Instrumentation And Photography
Abstract

Components, handling, storage, and inspection of Orbiting Solar Observatory

Published
1969

17. A stabilized large-aperture far-infrared telescope gondola

Author

Hazen, N. L

Subjects
Astronomy
Abstract

Description of a recently developed balloon-borne 1-m far-infrared telescope designed to carry out astronomical observations and to map radiation from selected areas of the sky. The telescope optical system consists of a conventional Cassegrain arrangement with an f/2 aluminum primary mirror, spherically figured, which feeds a pyrex secondary mirror to produce an f/13.8 beam at the focal plane with a scale of 15.2 arc sec/mm. Three focal planes are provided. The infrared detectors consist of an array of four gallium-doped germanium bolometers fitted within a two-liter helium dewar. An altitude-azimuth mount design is used for attitude control, with the pointing objectives being achieved in two steps. The azimuth control system is capable of operation in a position mode, in which the sensing element is a servo-driven null magnetometer always pointed north, and in an inertial mode, in which the gyro is uncaged and becomes the azimuth reference. The elevation system also operates in both position and inertial modes. An auxiliary position control, powered by an independent battery and controlled by a separate tone command system, is provided in case of a primary system difficulty.

Published
1974

18. Aircraft-borne, laser-induced fluorescence instrument for the in situ detection of hydroxyl and hydroperoxyl radicals

Author

Wennberg, P. O., Cohen, R. C., Hazen, N. L., Lapson, L. B., Allen, N. T., Hanisco, T. F., Oliver, J. F., Lanham, N. W., Demusz, J. N., Anderson, J. G., Wennberg, P. O., Cohen, R. C., Hazen, N. L., Lapson, L. B., Allen, N. T., Hanisco, T. F., Oliver, J. F., Lanham, N. W., Demusz, J. N., and Anderson, J. G.

Abstract

The odd-hydrogen radicals OH and HO2 are central to most of the gas-phase chemical transformations that occur in the atmosphere. Of particular interest is the role that these species play in controlling the concentration of stratospheric ozone. This paper describes an instrument that measures both of these species at volume mixing ratios below one part in 10^14 in the upper troposphere and lower stratosphere. The hydroxyl radical (OH) is measured by laser induced fluorescence at 309 nm. Tunable UV light is used to pump OH to the first electronic state (A-tilde 2Sigma+(v[script ']=1) <-- X-tilde 2Pi3/2 (v[script `]=0)) near 282 nm. The laser light is produced by a high-repetition rate pulsed dye-laser powered with all solid-state pump lasers. HO2 is measured as OH after gas-phase titration with nitric oxide. Measurements aboard a NASA ER-2 aircraft demonstrate the capability of this instrument to perform reliably with very high signal-to-noise ratios (>~30) achieved in short integration times (< 20 sec).

Published
1994

20. Preschool peer communication skills: the role of social status and interaction context.

Author

Hazen, Nancy L., Black, Betty, Hazen, N L, and Black, B

Subjects
PRESCHOOL children, SOCIAL interaction in children
Abstract

The purpose of this study was to investigate the relation between social status and discourse skills in preschool children. Using peer nominations, 48 acquainted preschool children were classified as liked, disliked, or low impact. Children were videotaped in freeplay interactions in which one child entered the play of a pair of same-sex peers. Social status differences were found primarily in skills contributing to coherent discourse. Specifically, liked children were more inclined to direct their initiations clearly, to speak to both interaction partners rather than just one, to respond contingently to others, to acknowledge others, and to reinitiate when rejecting. Liked children were also better able to adapt to the differing social demands of entry versus nonentry contexts in that they were more likely to give information and less likely to express their feelings when entering a group. Deficits in communication skill were greater for disliked children than for low-impact children. Results indicate that communication skills that contribute to coherent discourse are fundamental to social interaction and may influence young children's peer acceptance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
1989
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