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15. CO2 reduction into formic acid under hydrothermal conditions: A mini review.

Author

Liu, Xu, Zhong, Heng, Wang, Chunling, He, Daoping, and Jin, Fangming

Subjects
FORMIC acid, HOT water, METALLIC oxides, HYDROGEN storage, GREENHOUSE gases, ELECTROCATALYSIS, KEGGIN anions
Abstract

Converting CO2, a major component of greenhouse gas in the atmosphere, into value‐added fine chemicals is beneficial from environmental and economic aspects. Except for various methods for CO2 reduction such as thermal catalysis, photocatalysis, electrocatalysis and biological reduction, hydrothermal reduction of CO2 to organics is becoming a novel and promising strategy. The hydrogen formed in situ from high‐temperature water could avoid the serious issues of hydrogen storage and transportation. This paper summarizes the recent advances on CO2 conversion to formic acid with metal‐ and biomass‐based compounds under hydrothermal conditions mainly focusing on the role of high‐temperature water, autocatalysis mechanism of metal reductants, and interfacial catalysis mechanism of metal/metal oxides. The effects of several experimental variables including temperature, reaction time and pH of the solution on formic acid yield are systematically illustrated as well. Finally, future efforts for fundamental researches and industrial applications of hydrothermal CO2 reduction are discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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19. Prebiotic Synthesis of Microdroplets from Formate over a Bimetallic Cobalt–Nickel Nanomotif

Author

Zhu, Peidong, Wang, Chunling, Lang, Junyu, He, Daoping, and Jin, Fangming

Abstract

The hypothesis underlying the abiogenic origin of life suggests that the nonenzymatic synthesis of long-chain fatty acids led to the construction of vesicles for compartmentalization in an early stage during the transition from geochemistry to biochemistry. However, evidence for this theory remains elusive as C5+carboxylic acids cannot be synthesized using current laboratory simulations. Here, we report the synthesis of long-chain carboxylic acids (C3–C7) with a 42 mmol/gCo+Niyield and 87.7% selectivity from formate (an intermediate of the acetyl-CoA pathway) over a cobalt–nickel alloy under alkaline hydrothermal conditions and the subsequent formation of microdroplets from organics. Density functional theory (DFT) calculations confirmed that the synergistic effect of the bimetal catalyst is key for catalyzing C–C coupling. Investigations by infrared spectroscopy, electron paramagnetic resonance, and isotope-labeled experiments revealed that HCO* serves as a reaction intermediate and is involved in the subsequent elementary steps for synthesizing long-chain carboxylic acids from formate. Taken together, these findings may help explain how the first protocells emerged geochemically and provide support for the hypothesis of the abiogenic origin of life. The hydrothermal system developed may also be applicable for the sustainable synthesis of long-chain carboxylates from one-carbon substrates using nonnoble metal catalysts.

Published
2024
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23. Empirical Evidence of the Rounding Phenomenon in Reported Pro Forma Earnings.

Author

He, Daoping (Steven)

Abstract

Pro forma earnings are earnings which often exclude non-recurring items and are defined by each individual firm rather than under the general accepted accounting principle (GAAP). They have received increasing focus recently and are perceived as a better measure of permanent earnings. However, managers may use the flexibility to opportunistically influence the market's perception of the company's recurring earnings. This study finds that managers deliberately round up the reported pro fonna earnings and that the rounding manipulation of pro forma earnings is more severe than that of GAAP earnings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2018

24. Phase-selective Hydrothermal Synthesis of Metallic MoS2at High Temperature

Author

He, Daoping, Ooka, Hideshi, Li, Yamei, Jin, Fangming, and Nakamura, Ryuhei

Abstract

The metallic 1T crystal phase of MoS2is beneficial for energy applications but its synthesis remains challenging. Here, we report an improved hydrothermal synthesis procedure using the chelating interaction of l-cysteine and MoO3to increase the 1T phase purity at elevated temperature. The obtained material exhibits excellent activity and stability towards the hydrogen evolution reaction.Phase-selective synthesis of 1T MoS2with high purity at hydrothermal temperature higher than 220 °C was achieved by using l-cysteine. The obtained material exhibits excellent activity and stability towards the hydrogen evolution reaction.

Published
2019
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31. Earnings management and seasoned private equity placements : Evidence from U.S. and Japanese issuers

Author

He, Daoping

Abstract

Seasoned private equity placement is an important vehicle by which public firms obtain equity financing. This study seeks to accomplish three goals regarding the issuance of private placements: (1) to investigate managers' earnings manipulation behavior of U.S. issuers around the time of the issuance; (2) to examine whether such earnings manipulation behavior helps explain the long-term post-issue stock underperformance; and (3) to provide further evidence from Japanese private placement issuers regarding the pattern of earnings management around the time of issuance and the extent to which it can explain the post-issue stock underperformance. The results show that managers of U.S. private placement issuers tend to engage in income-increasing earnings management around the time of the issuance and the income-increasing accounting accruals made at the time of private placements predict the post-issue stock underperformance. The study also finds that, similar to their U.S. counterparts, Japanese managers tend to report inflated earnings around the time of private placements issuance and the earnings management by Japanese private placement issuers in the year of issuance predicts the firm's post-issue stock underperformance.

Published
2008

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