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Nod-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3), absent in melanoma 2 (AIM2), and interferon gamma inducible protein 16 (IFI16) are innate immune sensors for intracellular microbes, which can be activated by various dangerous signals and subsequently lead to caspase-1 (CASP1) activation and the maturation cleavage of effector molecules pro-IL-1β and pro-IL-18. Their roles in immunopathology of acute and chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection are still unclear. In this study, we first investigated the activation of NLRP3, AIM2, and IFI16 inflammasomes in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) from patients infected with acute hepatitis B (AHB) and chronic hepatitis B (CHB) by quantitative real-time PCR and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. We next analyzed the impact of hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) on activation of AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes in PBMCs of CHB patients stimulated in vitro with AIM2 and IFI16 agonist ligands, poly (dA:dT) and VACA-70mer, respectively. The results showed that the mRNA expression levels of AIM2, IFI16, and CASP1 in PBMCs from AHB and CHB patients were both upregulated. Furthermore, the mRNA levels of AIM2 and IFI16 in CHB patients were significantly positively correlated with serum HBV loads. However, only in patients with AHB there was elevation of serum IL-1β and IL-18. There was no activation of NLRP3, AIM2, and IFI16 inflammasomes in CHB patients. Stimulation of PBMCs of CHB patients in vitro with poly (dA:dT) and VACA-70mer induced the activation of AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes, respectively. This ligand-induced activation was suppressed by HBeAg. Our results suggest that there exists activation of the AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes, but not the NLRP3 inflammasome, in AHB, and the activation of the AIM2 and IFI16 inflammasomes can be inhibited by HBeAg in CHB, which may contribute to HBV-induced immunotolerance. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the paper, a study was conducted on the workload change of a mat rolling machine, which belongs to the agricultural machinery research of a sunlight greenhouse. The specific content is the on-line measurement for the mat roller workload on the foundation of the summarization of current related research. To be exact, first, the paper analyzes the working conditions and operating feature of the mat roller. Then, choosing a dynamic torque sensor of the strain gauge type, the real-time load measurement system was designed and developed on the LabVIEW platform, with the application of VI (virtual instrument) technology. Finally, the on-line test system for mat roller workload was launched and completed, whose main hardware was composed of the sensor and the signal amplifier, the data acquisition card, the electrical control system for mat roller, the stroke limiter, and the accessory device for sensor installation, etc. Additionally, its staple software function consisted of acquiring data, processing data, saving data, and automatically controlling the mat roller. Generally, the rollers can be divided into the reel-type and the rope-type in light of its working principle. We choose the side mat roller with a reel pushing up covering and the rear mat roller with a rope pulling up covering as subjects. Therefore, for one thing, aiming at the reel-type, load change was measured out when employing heat-insulating coverings of two materials and three lengths. For another, aiming at the rope-type, load change was measured out when utilizing heat-insulating coverings of three materials and two conditions (dryness and wetness).Specifically, in the beginning, prior to have the workload test, the sensor was calibrated, together with systematically testing the system. Next, during the test, according to the different rolling machines, diverse sunlight greenhouses were selected while with the same type of roller was utilized. Secondly, regarding test data collection, after configuring a collected sample of 1,000 and a sampling frequency of 10,000 S/s, the mean value was acquired as the instant load at the moment by means of using the LabVIEW statistical module to count and analyze the sample. Thirdly, the roller ran continuously, thereby gathering the data that represented the load variation. Eventually, when the test was complete, the acquired data was disposed and analyzed with Excel spreadsheet software. The test, measuring the instant loads of a reel-type roller and a rope-type roller respectively, is the initial study on the real-time measurement for roller workload, whose entire data error does not exceed ±6N.m. The results of the test showed that first, the mat roller with a reel pushing up acquires the maximum working load at the top of the sunlight greenhouse while the rear mat roller with a rope pulling up receives the maximum working load in an uncertain position. Secondly, the working load of the rope-type, whose change curve is more modest, is far less than that of the reel-type. Additionally, the rope-type mat roller, currently used in the production, has an overlarge maximum load. Finally, the study was initially focused on actually measuring the workload of the mat roller, thereby having some deficiencies. And there are three suggestions that can be carried out on deepening the research, including increasing the length of heat-insulating coverings, analyzing the relationship between the front roof slope of the sunlight greenhouse and the workload of the mat roller, and actually measuring the workload variation curves of the front mat roller with a reel pushing up covering. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective To observe and analyze the clinical effect of permanent artificial heart pacemaker and short-term follow-up results. Methods A total of 86 patients with permanent artificial heart pacemaker implantation in this hospital from June 2012 to December 2012 were chosen as the object in this study. According to the type of permanent artificial heart pacemaker, the patients were divided into two groups : the dual chamber pacemaker group (the DDD group) ,40 cases and the ventricular demand pacemaker group (the VVI group) ,46 cases. The clinical effects after permanent artificial heart pacemaker implantation were observed and a short-term follow up survey was conducted. Results The clinical symptoms such as the chest stuffy , the asthenia , black hazy and faints of the two groups had no statistical significance (P>0.05). The indexes of EDVI , ESVI and LVEF after permanent artificial heart pacemaker implantation in the two groups were higher than those before the surgery with the difference being statistically significant(P<0.05). Meanwhile ,the status of EDVI , ESVI and LVEF in type DDD group was better than those of type VVI group ,whose difference being statistically significant(t=7.182 ,3.744,4.330 ,P<0.01). The occurrence of complications of the DDD group[30.00% (12/40)] were lower than that of the VVI group 154.35% (25/46 ) ]three months after permanent artificial heart pacemaker implantation and the difference was statistically significant (χ²=5. 174, P<0.05). Conclusion Two types of pacemaker may improve the symptoms , but type DDD is superior than type VVI in raising EDVI , ESVI and LVEF , but lower than type VVI in incidence of complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objectives: The absence of non-invasive biomarkers for the early diagnosis of colorectal cancer (CRC) has contributed to poor prognosis. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) have emerged as promising candidates for cancer monitoring using liquid biopsy. However, the complexity of EVs isolation procedures and the absence of clear targets for detecting serum-derived EVs have hindered the clinical application of EVs in early CRC diagnosis., Methods: In the discovery phase, we conducted a comprehensive 4D-DIA proteomic analysis of serum-derived EVs samples from 37 individuals, performing an initial screening of EVs surface proteins. In the technical validation phase, we developed an extraction-free CRC-EVArray microarray to assess the expression of these potential EVs surface proteins in a multi-centre study comprising 404 individuals. In the application phase, the authors evaluated the diagnostic efficacy of the CRC-EVArray model based on machine-learning algorithms., Results: Through 4D-DIA proteomic analysis, the authors identified seven potential EVs surface proteins showing significantly differential expression in CRC patients compared to healthy controls. Utilizing our developed high-throughput CRC-EVArray microarray, we further confirmed the differential expression of three EVs surface proteins, FIBG, PDGF-β and TGF-β, in a large sample population. Moreover, we established an optimal CRC-EVArray model using the NNET algorithm, demonstrating superior diagnostic efficacy with an area under the curve (AUC) of 0.882 in the train set and 0.937 in the test set. Additionally, we predicted the functions and potential origins of these EVs-derived proteins through a series of multi-omics approaches., Conclusions: Our systematic exploration of surface protein expression profiles on serum-derived EVs has identified FIBG, PDGF-β, and TGF-β as novel diagnostic biomarkers for CRC. The development of CRC-EVArray diagnostic model based on these findings provided an effective tool for the large-scale CRC screening, thus facilitating its translation into clinical practice., (Copyright © 2024 The Author(s). Published by Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc.)