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Abstract Hereditary leiomyomatosis and renal cell cancer (HLRCC) is a rare autosomal dominant syndrome caused by a germline mutation in the fumarate hydratase (FH) gene that manifests with cutaneous leiomyomas, uterine fibroids, and renal cell cancer (RCC). Patients with HLRCC-associated RCC (HLRCC-RCC) have aggressive clinical courses, but there is no standardized therapy for advanced HLRCC-RCC. In this study, we described a case of aggressive HLRCC in a 33-year-old female who exhibited a novel heterozygous germline insertion mutation in exon 8 of the FH gene (c.1126 C > T; p.Q376*). The patient underwent laparoscopic resection of the right kidney, but metastases appeared within 3 months after surgery. Histological staining of the resected tumor revealed high expression levels of programmed cell death-ligand 1 (PD-L1). Therefore, the patient was treated with immunotherapy. The patient achieved a partial response to immunotherapy, and the treatment of metastatic lesions has continued to improve. A thorough literature review pinpointed 76 historical cases of HLRCC-RCC that had undergone immunotherapy. From this pool, 46 patients were selected for this study to scrutinize the association between mutations in the FH gene and the effectiveness of immunotherapy. Our results indicate that immunotherapy could significantly improve the overall survival (OS) of patients with HLRCC-RCC. However, no influence of different mutations in the FH germline gene on the therapeutic efficacy of immunotherapy was observed. Therefore, our study suggested that immunotherapy was an effective therapeutic option for patients with HLRCC regardless of the type of FH germline mutation.

Abstract Background Tubal mesosalpinx cysts are paratubal cysts, that account for approximately 10% of adnexal masses, and the presence of these cysts combined with adnexal torsion is a rare acute abdominal condition, with few cases reported in the literature. We reported two cases of adolescent tubal mesosalpinx cysts combined with adnexal torsion and reviewed the literature to help improve the diagnosis of the disease. Case reports The first patient was an 11-year-old girl with left lower abdominal pain for 5 days and fever with nausea and vomiting for 3 days, who was found to have a cystic pelvic mass on preoperative imaging and was diagnosed intraoperatively and postoperatively on pathology as having a left tubal mesosalpinx cyst combined with adnexal torsion. The second patient was a 13-year-old girl with right lower abdominal pain for 16 h and a palpable mass in the lower and middle abdomen on examination, which was hard and tender to palpate. Preoperative imaging revealed a large cystic mass in the right adnexal region, and intraoperative and postoperative pathology revealed a right tubal mesosalpinx cyst combined with adnexal torsion. Conclusions Tubal mesosalpinx cysts combined with adnexal torsion are rare causes of acute lower abdominal pain. Early diagnosis and timely surgery are necessary to ensure ovarian and tubal function. Accurate preoperative imaging diagnosis is challenging, and MRI is a beneficial supplement to ultrasound and CT examinations, providing more objective imaging information and reducing the incidence of adverse outcomes.

Highlights A novel organohydrogel-based multimodal e-skin with excellent sensing performance for temperature, humidity, pressure, proximity, and NO2 is proposed for the first time, showing powerful sensing capabilities beyond natural skin. The developed multimodal e-skin exhibited extraordinary sensing performance at room temperature, including fast pressure response time (0.2 s), high temperature sensitivity (9.38% °C-1), a wide range of humidity response (22%–98% RH), high NO2 sensitivity (254% ppm-1), a low detection limit (11.1 ppb NO2) and the abilities to sense the proximity of objects accurately, which are yet achieved by previous e-skins. The multimodal e-skin was combined with the deep neural network algorithm and wireless alarm circuit to achieve zero-error classification of different objects and rapid response to NOx leak incidents, proving the feasibility of the e-skin-assisted rescue robot for post-earthquake rescue.

Abstract Background Pruning is an important cultivation management option that has important effects on peach yield and quality. However, the effects of pruning on the overall genetic and metabolic changes in peach leaves and fruits are poorly understood. Results The transcriptomic and metabolomic profiles of leaves and fruits from trees subjected to pruning and unpruning treatments were measured. A total of 20,633 genes and 622 metabolites were detected. Compared with those in the control, 1,127 differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and 77 differentially expressed metabolites (DEMs) were identified in leaves from pruned and unpruned trees (pdLvsupdL), whereas 423 DEGs and 29 DEMs were identified in fruits from the pairwise comparison pdFvsupdF. The content of three auxin analogues was upregulated in the leaves of pruned trees, the content of all flavonoids detected in the leaves decreased, and the expression of almost all genes involved in the flavonoid biosynthesis pathway decreased. The phenolic acid and amino acid metabolites detected in fruits from pruned trees were downregulated, and all terpenoids were upregulated. The correlation analysis revealed that DEGs and DEMs in leaves were enriched in tryptophan metabolism, auxin signal transduction, and flavonoid biosynthesis. DEGs and DEMs in fruits were enriched in flavonoid and phenylpropanoid biosynthesis, as well as L-glutamic acid biosynthesis. Conclusions Pruning has different effects on the leaves and fruits of peach trees, affecting mainly the secondary metabolism and hormone signalling pathways in leaves and amino acid biosynthesis in fruits.

Abstract Objective Sarcopenia is a geriatric syndrome that occurs with age and is characterized by a gradual decline in muscle mass, power, and functionality. It serves as a prominent contributor to frailty, disability, and mortality among older individuals. Currently, no standardized global guidelines exist for the diagnosis of sarcopenia. This study aimed to establish the correlation between sarcopenia and the constitutions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), considering the connection between physical functioning and sarcopenia. Methods A total of 1441 participants in this study were diagnosed with sarcopenia. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) proposed a sarcopenia definition algorithm. To determine the constitution of each participant, classification and determination standards were used in traditional Chinese medicine. This study evaluated the demographics, lifestyles, and self‐reported medical history of individuals diagnosed with sarcopenia through a self‐administered questionnaire. The constitution of the participants was determined using TCM classification and determination standards. Subsequently, we analyzed the results of univariate analysis and multivariate regression and constructed a receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. Results Participants who were diagnosed with sarcopenia had substantially lower original Neutral constitution scores (P

Abstract Gridization is an emerging molecular integration technology that enables the creation of multifunctional organic semiconductors through precise linkages. While Friedel-Crafts gridization of fluorenols is potent, direct linkage among fluorene molecules poses a challenge. Herein, we report an achiral Pd-PPh3-cataylized diastereoselective (>99:1 d.r.) gridization based on the C-H-activation of fluorene to give dimeric and trimeric windmill-type nanogrids (DWGs and TWGs). These non-conjugated stereo-nanogrids showcase intramolecular multiple H…H interactions with a low field shift to 8.51 ppm and circularly polarized luminescence with high luminescent dissymmetry factors (|g PL | = 0.012). Significantly, the nondoped organic light-emitting diodes (OLEDs) utilizing cis-trans-TWG1 emitter present an ultraviolet electroluminescent peak at ~386 nm (CIE: 0.17, 0.04) with a maximum external quantum efficiency of 4.17%, marking the highest record among nondoped ultraviolet OLEDs based on hydrocarbon compounds and the pioneering ultraviolet OLEDs based on macrocycles. These nanohydrocarbon offer potential nanoscafflolds for ultraviolet light-emitting optoelectronic applications.

Abstract Background Plant microbiota contributes to plant growth and health, including enhancing plant resistance to various diseases. Despite remarkable progress in understanding diseases resistance in plants, the precise role of rhizosphere microbiota in enhancing watermelon resistance against soil-borne diseases remains unclear. Here, we constructed a synthetic community (SynCom) of 16 core bacterial strains obtained from the rhizosphere of grafted watermelon plants. We further simplified SynCom and investigated the role of bacteria with synergistic interactions in promoting plant growth through a simple synthetic community. Results Our results demonstrated that the SynCom significantly enhanced the growth and disease resistance of ungrafted watermelon grown in non-sterile soil. Furthermore, analysis of the amplicon and metagenome data revealed the pivotal role of Pseudomonas in enhancing plant health, as evidenced by a significant increase in the relative abundance and biofilm-forming pathways of Pseudomonas post-SynCom inoculation. Based on in vitro co-culture experiments and bacterial metabolomic analysis, we selected Pseudomonas along with seven other members of the SynCom that exhibited synergistic effects with Pseudomonas. It enabled us to further refine the initially constructed SynCom into a simplified SynCom comprising the eight selected bacterial species. Notably, the plant-promoting effects of simplified SynCom were similar to those of the initial SynCom. Furthermore, the simplified SynCom protected plants through synergistic effects of bacteria. Conclusions Our findings suggest that the SynCom proliferate in the rhizosphere and mitigate soil-borne diseases through microbial synergistic interactions, highlighting the potential of synergistic effects between microorganisms in enhancing plant health. This study provides a novel insight into using the functional SynCom as a promising solution for sustainable agriculture. Video Abstract

With 252 species, Pseudopoda Jäger, 2000, is the largest genus in the family Sparassidae and is widely distributed in South (49 species in Bhutan, India, Nepal and Pakistan), East (158 species in China and Japan) and Southeast Asia (51 species in Indonesia, Laos, Myanmar, Thailand and Vietnam). Few species have been found in more than one region. In this paper, three new species of Pseudopoda are described from East and Southeast Asia. Among them, one from China: P. fengtongzhaiensis Jäger & Liu, sp. nov. (♀); one from Laos: P. baimai Jäger & Liu, sp. nov. (♀); and one from Thailand: P. inthanonensis Jäger & Liu, sp. nov. (♀). Additionally, the female of P. kavanaughi Zhang, Jäger & Liu, 2023 is described for the first time. Photos of the habitus and genitalia, as well as a distribution map of all four species, are provided.

Abstract Multiple gene abnormalities are major drivers of tumorigenesis. NF-κB p65 overactivation and cGAS silencing are important triggers and genetic defects that accelerate tumorigenesis. However, the simultaneous correction of NF-κB p65 and cGAS abnormalities remains to be further explored. Here, we propose a novel Induced Dual-Target Rebalance (IDTR) strategy for simultaneously correcting defects in cGAS and NF-κB p65. By using our IDTR approach, we showed for the first time that oncolytic adenovirus H101 could reactivate silenced cGAS, while silencing GAU1 long noncoding RNA (lncRNA) inhibited NF-κB p65 overactivation, resulting in efficient in vitro and in vivo antitumor efficacy in colorectal tumors. Intriguingly, we further demonstrated that oncolytic adenoviruses reactivated cGAS by promoting H3K4 trimethylation of the cGAS promoter. In addition, silencing GAU1 using antisense oligonucleotides significantly reduced H3K27 acetylation at the NF-κB p65 promoter and inhibited NF-κB p65 transcription. Our study revealed an aberrant therapeutic mechanism underlying two tumor defects, cGAS and NF-κB p65, and provided an alternative IDTR approach based on oncolytic adenovirus and antisense oligonucleotides for efficient therapeutic efficacy in tumors.

Abstract Background Fractures involving the posterior acetabulum with its rich vascular and neural supply present challenges in trauma orthopedics. This study evaluates the effectiveness of 3D printing technology with the use of custom-made metal plates in the treatment of posterior wall and column acetabular fractures. Methods A retrospective analysis included 31 patients undergoing surgical fixation for posterior wall and column fractures of the acetabulum (16 in the 3D printing group, utilizing 3D printing for a 1:1 pelvic model and custom-made plates based on preoperative simulation; 15 in the traditional group, using conventional methods). Surgical and instrument operation times, intraoperative fluoroscopy frequency, intraoperative blood loss, fracture reduction quality, fracture healing time, preoperative and 12-month postoperative pain scores (Numeric Rating Scale, NRS), hip joint function at 6 and 12 months (Harris scores), and complications were compared. Results The surgical and instrument operation times were significantly shorter in the 3D printing group (p 0.05). However, at 12 months, hip joint function and pain scores were significantly better in the 3D printing group (p

Abiotic stress reduces plant yield and quality. WRKY transcription factors play key roles in abiotic stress responses in plants, but the molecular mechanisms by which WRKY transcription factors mediate responses to drought and osmotic stresses in apple (Malus × domestica Borkh.) remain unclear. Here, we functionally characterized the apple Group III WRKY gene MdWRKY115. qRT-PCR analysis showed that MdWRKY115 expression was up-regulated by drought and osmotic stresses. GUS activity analysis revealed that the promoter activity of MdWRKY115 was enhanced under osmotic stress. Subcellular localization and transactivation assays indicated that MdWRKY115 was localized to the nucleus and had a transcriptional activity domain at the N-terminal region. Transgenic analysis revealed that the overexpression of MdWRKY115 in Arabidopsis plants and in apple callus markedly enhanced their tolerance to drought and osmotic stresses. DNA affinity purification sequencing showed that MdWRKY115 binds to the promoter of the stress-related gene MdRD22. This binding was further verified by an electrophoretic mobility shift assay. Collectively, these findings suggest that MdWRKY115 is an important regulator of osmotic and drought stress tolerance in apple.

Abstract Rare-earth engineering is an effective way to introduce and tune magnetism in topological kagome materials, which have been acting as a fertile platform to investigate the quantum interactions between geometry, topology, spin, and correlation. Here, we report the synthesis, structure, and physical properties of titanium-based kagome metals RETi3Bi4 (RE = Yb, Pr, and Nd) with various magnetic states. They all crystallize in the orthogonal space group Fmmm (No. 69), featuring distorted titanium kagome lattices and rare-earth zig-zag chains. By changing the rare earth atoms in the zig-zag chains, the magnetism can be tuned from nonmagnetic YbTi3Bi4 to short-range ordered PrTi3Bi4 (T anomaly ~ 8.2 K), and finally to ferromagnetic NdTi3Bi4 (T c ~ 8.5 K). In-situ resistance measurements of NdTi3Bi4 under high pressure further reveal a tunable ferromagnetic ordering temperature. These results highlight RETi3Bi4 as a promising family of kagome metals to explore nontrivial band topology and exotic phases.

Abstract The chemokine CXCL8, also known as the neutrophil chemotactic factor, plays a crucial role in mediating inflammatory responses and managing cellular immune reactions during viral infections. Porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus (PRRSV) primarily infects pulmonary alveolar macrophages (PAMs), leading to acute pulmonary infections. In this study, we explored a novel long non-coding RNA (lncRNA), termed lnc-CAST, situated within the Cxcl8 gene locus. This lncRNA was found to be highly expressed in porcine macrophages. We observed that both lnc-CAST and CXCL8 were significantly upregulated in PAMs following PRRSV infection, and after treatments with lipopolysaccharide (LPS) or lipoteichoic acid (LTA). Furthermore, we noticed a concurrent upregulation of lnc-CAST and CXCL8 expression in lungs of PRRSV-infected pigs. We then determined that lnc-CAST positively influenced CXCL8 expression in PAMs. Overexpression of lnc-CAST led to an increase in CXCL8 production, which in turn enhanced the migration of epithelial cells and the recruitment of neutrophils. Conversely, inhibiting lnc-CAST expression resulted in reduced CXCL8 production in PAMs, leading to decreased migration levels of epithelial cells and neutrophils. From a mechanistic perspective, we found that lnc-CAST, localized in the nucleus, facilitated the enrichment of histone H3K27ac in CXCL8 promoter region, thereby stimulating CXCL8 transcription in a cis-regulatory manner. In conclusion, our study underscores the pivotal critical role of lnc-CAST in regulating CXCL8 production, offering valuable insights into chemokine regulation and lung damage during PRRSV infection.

To enhance the overall performance of Mo–Cu alloy, Ti was added to Mo–Cu alloy to improve the bonding strength of Mo/Cu interface and generate solid solution strengthening effect. The outstanding performances of Mo–Cu–Ti alloys were achieved by infiltrating Cu–Ti alloy with different compositions into the Mo skeleton. Compared to the incoherent interface of Mo/Cu in Mo–Cu alloy, the addition of Ti transformed its interface to the coherent interface of Mo–Ti/Cu–Ti. All Mo–Cu–Ti alloy blocks had higher relative densities (97.4%∼98.5%) to guarantee the excellent comprehensive performances. What's more, the existences of Mo–Ti and Cu–Ti solid solutions assured the alloy possessed relatively high mechanical strength. The introduction of Ti purified the grain boundary by absorbing oxygen to generate TiO2 which hindered the growth of Mo–Ti grains. As increasing Ti amount from 0 wt% to 4.62 wt%, the Mo–Ti (or Mo) grain size reduced from 5 μm to 4.1 μm. Notably, Mo–Cu alloy block with the addition of 2.30 wt% Ti possessed the highest tensile strength of 562 MPa. Additionally, since the finer grain size of Mo–Ti alloy, this sample also owned the maximum micro-hardness and bending strength of 268 HV and 1730 MPa, respectively. Nevertheless, the presences of Cu–Ti solid solution and TiO2 also destroyed the electrical conductivities of the samples to some extent.

In response to the existing problems in the prediction accuracy, data collection, real-time monitoring, and consideration of factors leading to depression in the current mechanism for predicting depression among college students, this article used computer intelligent systems to study the prediction mechanism of depression among college students. This article conducted a survey on students at University A using a survey questionnaire to understand the main reasons that affect their tendency to develop depression. It processed and analyzed the data using the Beck Depression Scale and Statistical Product and Service Solution 21.0 (SPSS 21.0). Meanwhile, natural language processing techniques in computer intelligence systems can be utilized. This article combines emotional dictionaries and word frequency-inverse document frequency to construct a prediction mechanism model for depression tendencies among college students, improving the accuracy of predicting student depression tendencies. The experiment shows that the average accuracy of the depression tendency prediction mechanism model constructed based on Natural Language Processing technology after 50 experiments was 97.02%, which was 5.33% higher than the model constructed based on neural network calculations. Overall, research on the prediction mechanism of depression tendency among college students based on computer intelligence systems can provide more effective mental health support and intervention measures for schools, helping students improve their psychological state, academic achievement, and quality of life.

Abstract We notice that the important early decreasing part of the main phase (MP) from the positive main phase onset (MPO) to 0-level of Dst and SymH indices is missed in the treatment of the main phase (MP) of geomagnetic storms. We correct this inconsistency in 848 storms having positive MPO (out of 1164 storms) in SymH during 1981–2019 by raising the 0-level of SymH to the MPO-level. The correction considers the full range of the main phase, increases the corrected (revised) storm intensity (SymHMin*) and impulsive strength (IpsSymH*) by up to − 149 nT and − 134 nT, respectively, and seems important for all aspects of global space weather. For example, the corrected SymHMin* changes the conventional storm identification and classification and corrected IpsSymH* clearly identifies all 3 severe space weather (SvSW) events from over 1100 normal space weather (NSW) events with a separation of 52 nT; it also identifies all 8 minor-system-damage space weather (MSW) events from the NSW events.

Abstract Background Gastric cancer (GC) lacks serum biomarkers with clinical diagnostic value. Multi-omics analysis is an important approach to discovering cancer biomarkers. This study aimed to identify and validate serum biomarkers for GC diagnosis by cross-analysis of proteomics and transcriptomics datasets. Methods A cross-omics analysis was performed to identify overlapping differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between our previous aptamer-based GC serum proteomics dataset and the GC tissue RNA-Seq dataset in The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database, followed by lasso regression and random forest analysis to select key overlapping DEGs as candidate biomarkers for GC. The mRNA levels and diagnostic performance of these candidate biomarkers were analyzed in the original and independent GC datasets to select valuable candidate biomarkers. The valuable candidate biomarkers were subjected to bioinformatics analysis to select those closely associated with the biological behaviors of GC as potential biomarkers. The clinical diagnostic value of the potential biomarkers was validated using serum samples, and their expression levels and functions in GC cells were validated using in vitro cell experiments. Results Four candidate biomarkers (ILF2, PGM2L1, CHD7, and JCHAIN) were selected. Their mRNA levels differed significantly between tumor and normal tissues and showed different diagnostic performances for GC, with areas under the receiver operating characteristic curve (AUROCs) of 0.629–0.950 in the TCGA dataset and 0.736–0.840 in the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) dataset. In the bioinformatics analysis, only ILF2 (interleukin enhancer-binding factor 2) gene levels were associated with immune cell infiltration, some checkpoint gene expression, chemotherapy sensitivity, and immunotherapy response. Serum levels of ILF2 were higher in GC patients than in controls, with an AUROC of 0.944 for the diagnosis of GC, and it was also detected in the supernatants of GC cells. Knockdown of ILF2 by siRNA significantly reduced the proliferation and colony formation of GC cells. Overexpression of ILF2 significantly promotes the proliferation and colony formation of gastric cancer cells. Conclusions Trans-omics analysis of proteomics and transcriptomics is an efficient approach for discovering serum biomarkers, and ILF2 is a potential diagnostic biomarker and therapeutic target of gastric cancer.

AIM: To analyze the relationship between optical coherence tomography (OCT) and OCT angiography (OCTA) imaging in patients with diabetic macular edema (DME) who are treated with a combination of aflibercept and triamcinolone acetonide (TA). METHODS: A total of 76 eyes newly diagnosed DME were included in this study. They were randomly assigned to receive either aflibercept or a combination of aflibercept and TA. Injections once a month for a total of three injections. Central macular thickness (CMT), number of hyperreflective foci (HRF), height of subretinal fluid (SRF), and area of foveal avascular zone (FAZ) were evaluated using OCT and OCTA at baseline and after each monthly treatment. RESULTS: Both groups showed improvement in best corrected visual acuity (BCVA) and reduction in macular edema after treatment, and the difference in BCVA between the two groups was statistically significant after each treatment (P

To improve the reliability of the incremental dynamic analysis, the Monte Carlo simulation technique is introduced to fully consider the uncertainties in the characteristics of earthquakes. To match the computational efficiency of Monte Carlo simulation, structural seismic responses are calculated by neural networks. To consider the failure risks under 3 safety requirements imposed on the structural seismic performance by the Chinese standard, the equivalent failure probability is employed to compare the safety of 4 different design schemes composed of high-rise frame structures. The workflow of the proposed method is demonstrated by taking the 4 design schemes as examples; good agreement is found between the failure probabilities of the entire structures and their stories with their failure states. Furthermore, the safety of these schemes is compared, and some design advice is discussed.

IntroductionMuscovy duck parvovirus (MDPV), Goose parvovirus (GPV), Duck circovirus, (DuCV) and Duck adenovirus 3 (DAdV-3) are important pathogens that cause high morbidity and mortality in ducks, causing huge economic loss for the duck industry.MethodsThe present study, a quadruplex one-step real time quantitative PCR method for the detection of MDPV, GPV, DuCV, and DAdV-3 was developed. ResultsThe results showed that assay had no cross-reactivity with other poultry pathogens [Duck plague virus (DPV), Duck tembusu virus (DTMUV), H6 avian influenza virus (H6 AIV), New duck reovirus (NDRV), Newcastle disease virus (NDV), H4 avian influenza virus (H4 AIV), Escherichia coli (E. coli), Muscovy duck reovirus (MDRV), Egg drop syndrome virus (EDSV), Pasteurella multocida (P. multocida)]. The sensitivity result showed that the limits of detection for MDPV, GPV, DuCV, and DAdV-3 were 10, 10, 1 and 10 copies/µl, respectively; The coefficients of variation intra- and inter-method was 1-2%; The range of linear (109 to 103 copies/µL) demonstrated the R2 values for MDPV, GPV, DuCV, and DAdV-3 as 0.9975, 0.998, 0.9964, and 0.996, respectively. The quadruplex real time quantitative PCR method efficiency was 90.30%, 101.10%, 90.72%, and 90.57% for MDPV, GPV, DuCV, and DAdV-3, respectively. 396 clinical specimens collected in some duck sausages from June 2022 to July 2023 were simultaneously detected using the established quadruplex real time quantitative PCR method and the reported assays. The detection rates for MDPV, GPV, DuCV, and DAdV-3 were 8.33% (33/396), 17.93% (71/396), 33.58% (133/396), and 29.04% (115/396), respectively. The agreement between these assays was greater than 99.56%.DiscussionThe developed quadruplex real-time quantitative PCR assay can accurately detect these four viruses infecting ducks, providing a rapid, sensitive, specific and accurate technique for clinical testing.

Ovarian clear cell carcinoma (OCCC) is a subtype of ovarian cancer with a poor prognosis that often shows resistance to chemotherapy. This study retrospectively analyzed 247 patients with OCCC who were admitted to the Cancer Hospital of the Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences (CAMS) between August 2007 and August 2023. Univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses were used to identify clinicopathological factors associated with OCCC, and a nomogram prediction model was developed to predict OCCC patient survival outcomes. Kaplan‒Meier survival analysis was used to compare survival outcomes among patients with recurrent disease. Compared with systemic therapy, secondary debulking surgery significantly improved the postrecurrence survival (PRS) rate (P = 0.006). Subgroup analysis revealed that the survival benefit was more pronounced in patients with recurrence and satisfactory tumor shrinkage (PPRS = 0.01, PPFS2 = 0.047). The multivariate analysis revealed that positive preoperative ascites, incomplete remission following initial treatment, and undergoing more than six cycles of postoperative chemotherapy were independent prognostic factors affecting overall survival (OS). Additionally, patients with a positive PD-L1 test who received immunotherapy did not experience relapse during the follow-up period. In conclusion, the secondary clearance procedure offers significant benefits for patients with recurrent OCCC, and patients may experience a survival benefit from supplemental immune or targeted therapy at the end of chemotherapy. The development of a personalized treatment plan can help achieve precise treatment, improve prognosis, and enhance patients' quality of life.

Metasurface‐based holography provides tremendous advances in multi‐dimensional detection, super‐resolution imaging, and cryptography applications. Current mainstream researches on holographic metasurface are primarily focused on exploring degrees of freedom to enhance information multiplexing capability. Nevertheless, from the information security point of view, it is necessary to integrate existing available freedom resources, such as multi‐polarization components, to enhance the security of holographic encryption. Herein, a full‐polarimetric synthetization scheme is proposed for holographic displaying to develop a novel approach for information and imaging encryption. By exploiting chirality‐assisted metasurface as the implementation platform, quadruplex circular polarization components are independently phase‐modulated with separate holographic sub‐imaging. For an intuitive demonstration, linear polarization is set as the encoded state to acquire the synthesized intensity image with “HIT” characters. Hence, the output holographic information in transmission field can be successfully distinguished with the valid polarization. Additionally, the sensitivity and robustness property of the synthesized holographic performance is experimentally evaluated against ergodic elliptical polarization states, where the optimal performance of working efficiency and signal‐to‐noise ratio only appear under the preset linear polarizations. These results effectively prove the feasibility of the polarization integration hologram, opening the door to novel solutions for future full‐polarimetric encryption strategies.

Background Plant height is a significant indicator of maize phenotypic morphology, and is closely related to crop growth, biomass, and lodging resistance. Obtaining the maize plant height accurately is of great significance for cultivating high-yielding maize varieties. Traditional measurement methods are labor-intensive and not conducive to data recording and storage. Therefore, it is very essential to implement the automated reading of maize plant height from measurement scales using object detection algorithms. Method This study proposed a lightweight detection model based on the improved YOLOv5. The MobileNetv3 network replaced the YOLOv5 backbone network, and the Normalization-based Attention Module attention mechanism module was introduced into the neck network. The CioU loss function was replaced with the EioU loss function. Finally, a combined algorithm was used to achieve the automatic reading of maize plant height from measurement scales. Results The improved model achieved an average precision of 98.6%, a computational complexity of 1.2 GFLOPs, and occupied 1.8 MB of memory. The detection frame rate on the computer was 54.1 fps. Through comparisons with models such as YOLOv5s, YOLOv7 and YOLOv8s, it was evident that the comprehensive performance of the improved model in this study was superior. Finally, a comparison between the algorithm’s 160 plant height data obtained from the test set and manual readings demonstrated that the relative error between the algorithm’s results and manual readings was within 0.2 cm, meeting the requirements of automatic reading of maize height measuring scale.

BackgroundChondrosarcomas are common primary malignant bone tumors; however, comprehensive bibliometric analysis in this field has not yet been conducted. Therefore, this study aimed to explore the research hotspots and trends in the field of chondrosarcoma through bibliometric analysis to help researchers understand the current status and direction of research in the field.MethodsArticles and reviews related to chondrosarcoma published between 2003 and 2022 were retrieved from the Web of Science. Countries, institutions, authors, journals, references, and keywords in this field were visualized and analyzed using CtieSpace and VOSviewer software.ResultsBetween 2003 and 2022, 4,149 relevant articles were found. The number of articles published on chondrosarcoma has increased significantly annually, mainly from 569 institutions in China and the United States, and 81 in other countries. In total, 904 authors participated in the publication of studies related to chondrosarcomas. Over the past 20 years, articles on chondrosarcoma have been published in 958 academic journals, with Skeletal Radiology having the highest number of publications. Furthermore, keywords such as “gene expression,” “radiotherapy,” “experience,” and “apoptosis” have been popular in recent years.ConclusionOver the past 20 years, the global trend in chondrosarcoma research has primarily been clinical research, with basic research as a supplement. In the future, communication and exchange between countries and institutions should be strengthened. Further, the future main research hotspots in the field of chondrosarcoma include mutated genes and signaling pathways, precision surgical treatment, proton therapy, radiation therapy, chemotherapy, immunotherapy, and other aspects.

Predicting nearshore significant wave heights (SWHs) with high accuracy is of great importance for coastal engineering activities, marine and coastal resource studies, and related operations. In recent years, the prediction of SWHs in two-dimensional fields based on deep learning has been gradually emerging. However, predictions for nearshore areas still suffer from insufficient resolution and poor accuracy. This paper develops a NS (NearShore) model based on the GWSM4C model (Global Wave Surrogate Model for Climate simulations). In the training area, the GWSM4C -NS model achieved a correlation coefficient (CC) of 0.977, with a spatial Root Mean Square Error (RMSE), annual mean spatial relative error (MAPE), and annual mean spatial absolute error (MAE) of 0.128 m, 10.7%, and 0.103 m, respectively. Compared to the GWSM4C model’s predictions, the RMSE and MAE decreased by 59% and 60% respectively, demonstrating the model’s effectiveness in enhancing nearshore SWH predictions. Additionally, applying this model to untrained sea areas to further validate its learning capability in wave energy propagation resulted in a CC of 0.951, with RMSE, MAPE, and MAE of 0.161m, 12.9%, and 0.137m, respectively. The RMSE and MAE were 43% and 39% lower than the GWSM4C model’s interpolated predictions. The results shown above suggest that the newly proposed model can effectively improve the performance of GWSM4C in nearshore areas.

ObjectiveSarcopenia is a gradually advancing systemic disorder affecting skeletal muscles, primarily distinguished by diminished muscle mass and functional decline. As of present, a universally accepted diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia has yet to be established. From the perspective of the constitution theory in traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), the Yin-deficiency constitution is believed to have a significant correlation with the development of sarcopenia. The primary objective of this study was to examine the potential association between sarcopenia and Yin-deficiency constitution.MethodsThe present study is a cross-sectional analysis. The Asian Working Group for Sarcopenia (AWGS) recommended a diagnostic criterion for sarcopenia. A total of 141 participants over 50 years of age were diagnosed with sarcopenia. To determine the constitution of each patient, classification and determination standards were used in traditional Chinese medicine. In this study, a combination of logistic regression and propensity score matching (PSM) was employed to analyze a dataset comprising 1,372 eligible observations. The diagnostic efficacy of the test in distinguishing sarcopenia was assessed through receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis.ResultsThe relationship between Yin-deficiency constitution and sarcopenia was examined using logistic regression analysis. In the crude model, the odds ratio (OR) was found to be 3.20 (95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.70–6.03). After adjusting for various confounding factors, including gender, sex, 6 m walking test/(m/s), SMI, and maximum grip strength/kg, the OR increased to 9.70 (95% CI: 3.20–69.38). The associations between seven other biased traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) constitutions and sarcopenia were not found to be statistically significant in the fully adjusted model. The propensity score matching (PSM) analysis yielded consistent results with the logistic regression analysis. Receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis showed that the AUC of the Yin-deficiency constitution combined with age and gender reached 0.707.ConclusionAmong the nine TCM constitutions examined, the Yin-deficiency constitution demonstrates an independent association with sarcopenia. Yin-deficiency constitution may serve as a potential risk factor for the development of sarcopenia. To establish a causal relationship, further experimental investigations are warranted. The diagnostic performance of sarcopenia is effectively demonstrated by the Yin-deficiency constitution combined with age and gender.

The penetration fuze, as the initiation control component of the penetration weapon, usually experiences an overload of tens of thousands or even hundreds of thousands of g during the penetration process. In order to prevent the fuze from being overloaded and causing the weapon to explode or misfire early, this article introduces the use of internal sealing reinforcement and external energy absorbing buffer materials to protect the internal circuit modules of the fuze. Several kinds of energy absorbing and buffering materials, including foam metal materials and composite sandwich structure materials, as well as metamaterials that have recently attracted the attention of industry and academia, are reviewed. The high overload impact energy absorption characteristics of materials and the mechanical properties of different material structures are emphatically introduced. In addition, this article also evaluates the applicability and limitations of existing buffer materials and methods, and proposes some potential improvement plans, such as the impact of parameters such as viscoelasticity, porosity, surface coating, printing process, heat treatment process on the energy absorption effect of materials, further improving the engineering practicality of buffer protection materials. A summary of the key technologies in the research of penetration fuze protective materials was made, and some mechanical testing methods were proposed, which can better characterize the impact resistance and resilience of materials. Finally, the future development direction of buffer materials for penetration fuzes was explored, which will help promote the research on the concept of buffer materials used on penetration missiles.

Abstract Alleviating the decomposition of the electrolyte is of great significance to improving the cycle stability of cathodes, especially for LiCoO2 (LCO), its volumetric energy density can be effectively promoted by increasing the charge cutoff voltage to 4.6 V, thereby supporting the large‐scale application of clean energy. However, the rapid decomposition of the electrolyte under 4.6 V conditions not only loses the transport carrier for lithium ion, but also produces HF and insulators that destroy the interface of LCO and increase impedance. In this work, the decomposition of electrolyte is effectively suppressed by changing the adsorption force between LCO interface and EC. Density functional theory illustrates the LCO coated with lower electronegativity elements has a weaker adsorption force with the electrolyte, the adsorption energy between LCO@Mg and EC (0.49 eV) is weaker than that of LCO@Ti (0.73 eV). Meanwhile, based on the results of time of flight secondary ion mass spectrometry, conductivity‐atomic force microscopy, in situ differential electrochemical mass spectrometry, soft X‐ray absorption spectroscopy, and nuclear magnetic resonance, as the adsorption force increases, the electrolyte decomposes more seriously. This work provides a new perspective on the interaction between electrolyte and the interface of cathode and further improves the understanding of electrolyte decomposition.