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2 results on '"Health care expenditure per capita"'

1. Current globalization of drug interventional clinical trials: characteristics and associated factors, 2011–2013

Author

Sohyun Jeong, Minji Sohn, Jae Hyun Kim, Minoh Ko, Hee-won Seo, Yun-Kyoung Song, Boyoon Choi, Nayoung Han, Han-Sung Na, Jong Gu Lee, In-Wha Kim, Jung Mi Oh, and Euni Lee

Subjects
Clinical trials, Intellectual property rights index, Economic freedom index, Human capital index, Health care expenditure per capita, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Abstracts Background Clinical trial globalization is a major trend for industry-sponsored clinical trials. There has been a shift in clinical trial sites towards emerging regions of Eastern Europe, Latin America, Asia, the Middle East, and Africa. Our study objectives were to evaluate the current characteristics of clinical trials and to find out the associated multiple factors which could explain clinical trial globalization and its implications for clinical trial globalization in 2011–2013. Methods The data elements of “phase,” “recruitment status,” “type of sponsor,” “age groups,” and “design of trial” from 30 countries were extracted from the ClinicalTrials.gov website. Ten continental representative countries including the USA were selected and the design elements were compared to those of the USA. Factors associated with trial site distribution were chosen for a multilinear regression analysis. Results The USA, Germany, France, Canada, and United Kingdom were the “top five” countries which frequently held clinical trials. The design elements from nine continental representative countries were quite different from those of the USA; phase 1 trials were more prevalent in India (OR 1.517, p

Published
2017
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2. Causality test between health care expenditure and GDP in US: comparing periods

Author

Amiri, Arshia, Ventelou, Bruno, Peguin-Feissolle, Anne, Department of Agricultural Economics, Shiraz University (Shiraz University ), Groupement de Recherche en Économie Quantitative d'Aix-Marseille (GREQAM), École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)-École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and École Centrale de Marseille (ECM)-École des hautes études en sciences sociales (EHESS)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Aix Marseille Université (AMU)

Subjects
Toda-Yamamoto causality, Health care expenditure per capita, per capital GDP, [SHS.ECO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, [SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and Finance, Health care expenditure per capita,per capital GDP,Toda-Yamamoto causality,United States, United States
Abstract

In the literature dedicated to the "health as a luxury good" question, health care expenditure (HCE) is hypothesized to be a function of GDP without considering any other relationships. In this paper, we argue that this could be a bilateral relationship: good health is considered as an input of the macroeconomic production function, stimulating the GDP. A modified version of the Granger (1969) causality test proposed by Toda and Yamamoto (1995) is investigated between GDP per capita and HCE per capita in United States for comparing the periods of 1965_1984, 1975_1994, 1985_2004 and 1965_2004. Results show these three periods have different causal relationships. At the beginning for 1965_1984, there exists a bilateral relationship. For the following period, there is a unidirectional relationship from HCE to GDP, and for the 1985_2004, a unidirectional GDP_HCE is significant. From the start to end of periods (1965_2004), a unidirectional relation from HCE to GDP is existed.

Published
2012

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