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In this study, three common greening plants, Sophora japonica Linn., Malus spectabilis and Fraxinus chinensis, were selected as research objects at the Liangtou Seedling Base of Jinghai District, Tianjin City. The experiment was conducted over a one-year period, during which time the three kinds of greening plants were irrigated using three different techniques: traditional diffuse irrigation technology, drip irrigation water-saving technology, and clay root irrigation treasure water-saving integrated technology. The height, diameter, and diameter at breast height of the experimental trees were investigated and analysed to determine the effects of different irrigation methods on the growth of the trees. The results demonstrated that there was no significant effect of the irrigation methods on the height of the trees. However, drip irrigation and clay root irrigation treasure exhibited a tendency to increase the diameter and diameter at breast height of the plants compared with the control treatment of diffuse irrigation. This could be attributed to the satisfactory growth of the plants under these treatments. Subsequently, the impact of the implementation of water-saving technologies on the health evaluation indexes and comprehensive health evaluation of greening plants was clarified by measuring and analysing the tree health evaluation indexes under different irrigation treatments. The results demonstrated that neither drip irrigation nor clay treasure root irrigation had a significant impact on plant health evaluation indexes and comprehensive health evaluation. Furthermore, the health degree of the two plants, Sophora japonica Linn. and Fraxinus chinensis, was found to be higher than that of the irrigation control under drip irrigation and clay root irrigation treasure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Worldwide, rural populations are recognized to be exposed to increased health challenges due to their living and working environment, socioeconomic status, and access to health services. According to the Romanian Country Health Profile 2023, approximately 46% of all deaths recorded in Romania in 2019 could be attributed to behavioral risk factors such as tobacco smoking, dietary risks, alcohol consumption and low physical activity. No data on rural versus urban areas are available to date, and research is needed to document health inequalities, identify barriers to health services, and explore solutions. Methods: This study is an analysis of data collected during the Health Evaluation Survey carried out by the National Institute of Public Health in 2022 and aimed to reveal differences in health risk factors between rural and urban areas. The analysis was carried out under the methodological framework of the Health Evaluation Survey 2022, which is coordinated by the National Institute of Public Health. Results: Our study's objectively measured data revealed that the overall health profile of rural communities is characterized by lower education levels, lower incomes, and higher binge drinking rates than those of their urban counterparts. Additionally, rural inhabitants more often have high blood pressure, are more overweight and obese (per body mass index measurements) and have higher fasting plasma glucose. The health profile of the urban population revealed higher education levels and greater proportions of people with adequate monthly income, people with daily alcohol consumption, people who smoke, and people with hypercholesterolemia. Access to primary health care evaluated through proxy indicators was lower in rural areas but was relatively good overall. Conclusions: Our analysis of the health profile of rural communities revealed a greater prevalence of obesity and overweight, especially among women, and an increased prevalence of heavy drinking among men. Access to primary health care evaluated through proxy indicators is lower in rural areas but is relatively good overall. Lower education levels and the possibility of lower health literacy underpin the need for targeted health education campaigns. Sustainable strategies for rural health need to be identified, especially in the field of health promotion and disease prevention programs. Trial registration: This study is observational research involving human participants where no interventions were applied to the study population. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Background Worldwide, rural populations are recognized to be exposed to increased health challenges due to their living and working environment, socioeconomic status, and access to health services. According to the Romanian Country Health Profile 2023, approximately 46% of all deaths recorded in Romania in 2019 could be attributed to behavioral risk factors such as tobacco smoking, dietary risks, alcohol consumption and low physical activity. No data on rural versus urban areas are available to date, and research is needed to document health inequalities, identify barriers to health services, and explore solutions. Methods This study is an analysis of data collected during the Health Evaluation Survey carried out by the National Institute of Public Health in 2022 and aimed to reveal differences in health risk factors between rural and urban areas. The analysis was carried out under the methodological framework of the Health Evaluation Survey 2022, which is coordinated by the National Institute of Public Health. Results Our study’s objectively measured data revealed that the overall health profile of rural communities is characterized by lower education levels, lower incomes, and higher binge drinking rates than those of their urban counterparts. Additionally, rural inhabitants more often have high blood pressure, are more overweight and obese (per body mass index measurements) and have higher fasting plasma glucose. The health profile of the urban population revealed higher education levels and greater proportions of people with adequate monthly income, people with daily alcohol consumption, people who smoke, and people with hypercholesterolemia. Access to primary health care evaluated through proxy indicators was lower in rural areas but was relatively good overall. Conclusions Our analysis of the health profile of rural communities revealed a greater prevalence of obesity and overweight, especially among women, and an increased prevalence of heavy drinking among men. Access to primary health care evaluated through proxy indicators is lower in rural areas but is relatively good overall. Lower education levels and the possibility of lower health literacy underpin the need for targeted health education campaigns. Sustainable strategies for rural health need to be identified, especially in the field of health promotion and disease prevention programs. Trial registration This study is observational research involving human participants where no interventions were applied to the study population.

Abstract Background The comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction was developed to classify the functioning of people with any knee dysfunction. To be used as a clinical instrument to measure the functioning of people with knee dysfunction, the construct validity of the core set still needs to be assessed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the construct validity of the comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction as an instrument to measure functioning. Methods A cross-sectional study with 200 participants with knee dysfunction with or without clinical diagnosis of knee pathology, with or without complaint of pain, with or without instability, and/or with or without knee movement restriction of any type. Participants were assessed using the comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction with 25 categories, the subjective form from the International Knee Documentation Committee scale, and measures of self-perceived general health and functioning. The construct validity of the core set was assessed by Rasch analysis, and the external construct validity was assessed by correlation between the score of the brief core set for knee dysfunction with the subjective form from the International Knee Documentation Committee scale, and scores of self-perception of health and functioning. Results Twelve categories were consistent with a unidimensional construct, with no difference in the response pattern for age, sex, educational level, and time of complaint. These categories were included in the brief core set for knee dysfunction. The mean score of the brief core set was 37 ± 21 points, a value classified as moderate impairment regarding functioning. Correlations with the subjective form from the International Knee Documentation Committee scale and scores of self-perception were adequate (p 0.5). Conclusion The brief core set for knee dysfunction, a set with 12 categories, can be used as a clinical instrument to measure and score the functioning of people with knee dysfunction, aged between 18 and 89 years, with adequate construct validity.

Background and Objectives: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder in the world. It is caused by the imbalance of the chromosomal constitution of 21 by free trisomy, translocation or mosaicism. Children and adolescents with Down syndrome have immune dysregulation and are more susceptible to infections. This study aims to evaluate hospitalizations of children and adolescents with DS in the pediatric ward of Botucatu Clinics Hospital (HCFMB) and to classify the population of children included in the study according to age, diagnosis, outpatient follow-up, length of stay and need for the intensive care unit (ICU). Thus, it will be possible to improve care for these children, aiming to reduce these hospitalizations. Materials and Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collected from the last nine years of hospitalization, from January 2013 to December 2021, from children and adolescents with DS in the pediatric ward, emergency room, and the ICU of HCFMB. Children hospitalized in this period in the pediatric ward and ICU, in the age range of 30 days to 15 years, were included in this study. The evaluation of comorbidities that culminated in the need for hospitalization in this population can be the focus of actions to improve the diagnoses and conducts for this population, which can prevent worsening illness and hospitalizations in future populations. Results: In this analysis, 80 children with DS were evaluated, with a total of 283 hospitalizations. The most prevalent age group was 1 to 3 years, and the main cause was due to problems in the respiratory system (99 cases). Among the respiratory causes, the main cause of hospitalization was due to pneumonia in 50% of cases, followed by acute respiratory failure in 14%. The average hospitalization time was 8 days, and in 49 hospitalizations, the children required the ICU. The main cause of hospitalization in the ICU was due to respiratory causes (36%), followed by cardiac malformations (14%). During the ICU hospitalizations, there were 13 deaths, and we observed a higher prevalence of heart conditions and, in some cases, positive urine cultures in these children. Conclusions: The Hospital serves as a reference for pediatric hospitalizations within its region and beyond, owing to its specialized capabilities. The main causes of hospitalization were those related to the respiratory system and cardiac malformations. Roughly one-third of the children required admission to the intensive care unit. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Revista Foco (Interdisciplinary Studies Journal) is the property of Revista Foco and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Background: The comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction was developed to classify the functioning of people with any knee dysfunction. To be used as a clinical instrument to measure the functioning of people with knee dysfunction, the construct validity of the core set still needs to be assessed. The purpose of this study was to analyze the construct validity of the comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction as an instrument to measure functioning. Methods: A cross-sectional study with 200 participants with knee dysfunction with or without clinical diagnosis of knee pathology, with or without complaint of pain, with or without instability, and/or with or without knee movement restriction of any type. Participants were assessed using the comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction with 25 categories, the subjective form from the International Knee Documentation Committee scale, and measures of self-perceived general health and functioning. The construct validity of the core set was assessed by Rasch analysis, and the external construct validity was assessed by correlation between the score of the brief core set for knee dysfunction with the subjective form from the International Knee Documentation Committee scale, and scores of self-perception of health and functioning. Results: Twelve categories were consistent with a unidimensional construct, with no difference in the response pattern for age, sex, educational level, and time of complaint. These categories were included in the brief core set for knee dysfunction. The mean score of the brief core set was 37 ± 21 points, a value classified as moderate impairment regarding functioning. Correlations with the subjective form from the International Knee Documentation Committee scale and scores of self-perception were adequate (p < 0.01; r > 0.5). Conclusion: The brief core set for knee dysfunction, a set with 12 categories, can be used as a clinical instrument to measure and score the functioning of people with knee dysfunction, aged between 18 and 89 years, with adequate construct validity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aims to identify the challenges encountered by nurses in Family Health Strategy (ESF) teams concerning the praxis of the integrality attribute. This descriptive qualitative study was conducted with ESF nurses from a municipality in the central region of Rio Grande do Sul, Brazil. Fourteen nurses were individually interviewed from August to October 2022. Data analysis followed Minayo's Thematic Analysis steps. After an exhaustive reading of the interviews, the following categories were developed: Vulnerability of users; Failures in management and service integration; and High demand and work overload. Identifying weaknesses in health services allows for strengthening and improving the quality of care and assistance, thus ensuring effective integrality. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: The methodological preparation of academic directive of the Main Integrative Discipline Integral Stomatology is essential to achieve an educational process with quality, when contributing the integral formation of the graduate. Objective: To design an instrument for the evaluation of the methodological preparation of the academic directive of the Main Integrative Discipline Integral Stomatology. Methods: A descriptive, traverse, observational study was carried out in the Stomatology Faculty, University of Medical Sciences of Santiago from Cuba, from January to May 2023. For the design of the instrument dimensions and indicators were selected according to pedagogic, methodological investigative and managerial approaches; the proposal underwent consideration of a group of experts that completed the inclusion requirements and evaluated it through a Likert scale with three alternatives: very good agreement, in agreement and in disagreement. Theoretical: analysis-synthesis, induction-deduction; empiric: documental revision, and statistical: percentage like summary measure methods were used. Results: The instrument proposed had three dimensions and 18 indicators; 61,1 % of the experts was very of agreement with the proposal. Conclusions: The instrument designed to evaluate the methodological preparation of the academic directive of the Main Integrative Discipline Integral Stomatology is useful, novel, of easy application, that obtained an evaluation of very good agreement in more than half of the experts. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Copyright of Extensão em Foco is the property of Universidade Federal do Parana and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

IntroductionThe implementation of technologies in Primary Health Care with monitoring and evaluation of the quality of health care is fundamental to direct the access and quality of health care in the context of the Sustainable Development Goals. Our objective was to develop a model for evaluating digital health interventions in primary care, considering its impact on first contact, longitudinality, integrality and coordination in health.MethodologyThis is an exploratory methodological study of a qualitative nature. This study seeks to explore strategic actors’ perceptions of an evaluation model, and was developed in a process between June 2021 and March 2024. The following stages were followed: Identification of previous models available in the literature, model development, model validation, model update. We performed a nominal group consensus technique online with seven experts. Stages taken to define the design of the model: sending the elaborated model, together with an electronic form with 18 subjective questions, such as brainstorming strategy, for recording impressions, judgment of agreement and suggestions; workshop for discussion by videoconference, at the time the objectives and the model diagram were presented, followed by debate with clarification of doubts and suggestions for clarification of the step-by-step design. After incorporating the suggestions, the model agreed upon in the workshop was subjected to another analysis by the same experts, sent in an online Google document, in which possible inconsistencies between the proposed model and the agreed one were verified, as well as the final agreement on the recommended proposal. At the end of this stage, with synchronous and asynchronous remote procedures, consensus was reached.ResultsThe proposed evaluation model presents as primary categories, structure, process and result. The structure encompasses four indicators, namely, employees; financial resources; infrastructure resources; and regulatory and strategic resources. The process is organized into three dimensions, namely: technical dimension, organizational dimension and relational dimension. The results will be evaluated in products; intermediate results; and impacts (short, medium and long term). The results will be measured by the seven pillars of quality: efficacy, effectiveness, efficiency, optimization, acceptability, legitimacy, equity.ConclusionThis study achieved the goal of developing a model to evaluate digital health interventions in Primary Health Care, helping to identify adequate and useful evaluation methods filling the gap of the lack of quality evaluation standards in the brazilian Digital Health Strategy. It presents an important difference in relation to models from different countries, as it considers the impacts on Primary Health Care quality attributes such as first contact care, longitudinality, integrality and coordination of care. The model will be used by managers and health professionals of Primary Health Care in a case study in Brazil to evaluate the quality of health care. It is expected that the proposed model may be used in other evaluation studies and countries through contextual adaptations.

Objective The health of metro communication system has a direct bearing on the efficiency and safety of metro operation. In view of the problems such as one-sided evaluation results and subjective evaluation criteria in current health evaluation method for metro communication systems, it is necessary to construct a method that can scientifically and accurately evaluate the operation status and health of the metro communication system. Method A dynamic health evaluation method based on random forests algorithm is proposed, and a communication health inspection is conducted in combination with deep learning. The evaluation index system is designed to collect the corresponding data. The mixed label method is used to determine the label and calculate the importance of each index when the label (true health degree) is not clear. The health degree of each subsystem of communication system is calculated according to the index weight and the index self scoring standards established by experts, which properly incorporates the influence of experts' knowledge. Based on the maintenance data of Chengdu Metro, the method is tested and verified. Result & Conclusion The test verification results show that with the above method, effective index importance can be obtained and the health of metro communication system can be reasonably evaluated.

Abstract Background The “Adequate Childbirth Program” (PPA) is a quality improvement project that aims to reduce the high rates of unnecessary cesarean section in Brazilian private hospitals. This study aimed to analyze labor and childbirth care practices after the first phase of PPA implementation. Method This study uses a qualitative approach. Eight hospitals were selected. At each hospital, during the period of 5 (five) days, from July to October 2017, the research team conducted face to face interviews with doctors (n = 21) and nurses (n = 28), using semi-structured scripts. For the selection of professionals, the Snowball technique was used. The interviews were transcribed, and the data submitted to Thematic Content Analysis, using the MaxQda software. Results The three analytical dimensions of the process of change in the care model: (1) Incorporation of care practices: understood as the practices that have been included since PPA implementation; (2) Adaptation of care practices: understood as practices carried out prior to PPA implementation, but which underwent modifications with the implementation of the project; (3) Rejection of care practices: understood as those practices that were abandoned or questioned whether or not they should be carried out by hospital professionals. Conclusions After the PPA, changes were made in hospitals and in the way, women were treated. Birth planning, prenatal hospital visits led by experts (for expecting mothers and their families), diet during labor, pharmacological analgesia for vaginal delivery, skin-to-skin contact, and breastfeeding in the first hour of life are all included. To better monitor labor and vaginal birth and to reduce CS without a clinical justification, hospitals adjusted their present practices. Finally, the professionals rejected the Kristeller maneuver since research has demonstrated that using it’s harmful.

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Accurately assessing the state of health (SOH) of lithium batteries is of great significance for improving battery safety performance. However, the current assessment for SOH suffers from the difficulty of selecting health features and the lack of uncertainty using data-driven methods. To this end, this paper proposes a health state assessment method for lithium-ion batteries based on health feature extraction and an improved Informer model. First, multiple features that can reflect the SOH of lithium-ion batteries were extracted from the charging and discharging time, the peak value of incremental capacity curve (ICC), and the inflection point value of differential voltage curve, etc., and the correlation between multiple health features and the health state was evaluated by gray correlation analysis. Then, an improved Informer model is proposed to establish a health state estimation method for lithium-ion batteries. Finally, the proposed algorithm is tested and validated using publicly available battery charge/discharge datasets and compared with other algorithms. The results show that the method in this paper can realize high-precision SOH prediction with a root-mean-square error (RMSE) of 0.011, and the model fit reaches more than 98%. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Background: Brachial plexus reconstruction (BPR) is a rapidly advancing field within hand surgery. BPR procedures are complex, time-intensive, and require microsurgical expertise. As physician reimbursement rates for BPR are poorly defined, relative to more common hand procedures, we sought to analyze compensation for BPR across different payor groups and understand the factors contributing to their reimbursement. Methods: A retrospective review was performed of surgeries by a single senior staff member in a 4-year period to evaluate Current Procedural Terminology (CPT) codes from BPR cases. For comparison, all finger fracture fixations and skin graft reconstructions performed by the same surgeon over the same time period were analyzed as well. Results: A total of 57 BPR cases, 94 finger fracture fixation cases, and 69 skin grafting cases met inclusion criteria. Among the top 5 insurance providers, average work relative value unit (wRVU)/hour was 6.55, 3.49, and 12.67 for BPR, fracture fixation, and skin grafts, respectively. Reimbursements were an average $685.76/hour for BPR, compared to $590.10/hour for fracture fixation and $1,197.94/hour for skin grafts. Conclusions: BPR demonstrates a relative undervaluation, in terms of reimbursement per hour, given the time and surgical skill required for such cases, particularly compared to shorter, less complex cases such as skin grafting and fracture fixation. We find that this discrepancy is amplified across multiple levels of coding, billing, and reimbursement. We suggest specific strategies for physician leadership to more directly participate in the financial decisions that affect themselves, their patients, and their specialty. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The "Adequate Childbirth Program" (PPA) is a quality improvement project that aims to reduce the high rates of unnecessary cesarean section in Brazilian private hospitals. This study aimed to analyze labor and childbirth care practices after the first phase of PPA implementation. Method: This study uses a qualitative approach. Eight hospitals were selected. At each hospital, during the period of 5 (five) days, from July to October 2017, the research team conducted face to face interviews with doctors (n = 21) and nurses (n = 28), using semi-structured scripts. For the selection of professionals, the Snowball technique was used. The interviews were transcribed, and the data submitted to Thematic Content Analysis, using the MaxQda software. Results: The three analytical dimensions of the process of change in the care model: (1) Incorporation of care practices: understood as the practices that have been included since PPA implementation; (2) Adaptation of care practices: understood as practices carried out prior to PPA implementation, but which underwent modifications with the implementation of the project; (3) Rejection of care practices: understood as those practices that were abandoned or questioned whether or not they should be carried out by hospital professionals. Conclusions: After the PPA, changes were made in hospitals and in the way, women were treated. Birth planning, prenatal hospital visits led by experts (for expecting mothers and their families), diet during labor, pharmacological analgesia for vaginal delivery, skin-to-skin contact, and breastfeeding in the first hour of life are all included. To better monitor labor and vaginal birth and to reduce CS without a clinical justification, hospitals adjusted their present practices. Finally, the professionals rejected the Kristeller maneuver since research has demonstrated that using it's harmful. Plain English summary: Brazil has high Cesarean Section (CS) rates, with rates far from the ideal recommended by the World Health Organization and a model of care that does not favor women's autonomy and empowerment. In 2015, a quality improvement project, called "Projeto Parto Adequado" (PPA), was implemented in Brazilian private hospitals to reduce unnecessary cesarean section, in addition to encouraging the process of natural and safe childbirth. One of the components of this project was to reorganize the model of care in hospitals to prepare professionals for humanized and safe care. The data were collected in 8 hospitals with interviews with 49 professionals, approximately two years after the beginning of the project in the hospitals. There were changes in the hospital routine and in the care of women after the project. The professionals incorporated practices such as skin-to-skin contact and breastfeeding; diet during labor; non-invasive care technologies, especially to relieve pain during labor; birth plan; pregnancy courses with guided tours in hospitals (for pregnant women and family); and analgesia for vaginal labor. There was adaptation of existing practices in hospitals to reduce CS that had no clinical indication; better monitoring of labor, favoring vaginal delivery. And finally, the professionals rejected the practice that presses the uterine fundus, for not having shown efficacy in recent studies. We can conclude that the hospitals that participated in this study have made an effort to change their obstetric model. However, specific aspects of each hospital, the organization of the health system in Brazil, and the incentive of the local administration influenced the implementation of these changes by professionals in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Health assessment is one of the important theoretical bases for deciding whether the diversion tunnel can operate safely and stably. A project of the TBM diversion tunnel is taken as the research object to ensure the normal operation of the diversion tunnel. Based on measured data and considering multiple safety aspects such as structural response, durability, and external factors of the diversion tunnel, a TBM diversion tunnel structural health evaluation index system is established. A new method for the TBM diversion tunnel structural health comprehensive evaluation based on Analytic Hierarchy Process-Matter Element Extension-Variable Weight Theory (AMV) is proposed to explore the impact of AMV fluctuation with the measured results of the indicators on the weight, closeness, and health grade of each evaluation index. The high sensitivity and high-risk evaluation indicators for the structural health of the diversion tunnels are identified. It is found that the variable weight varies with the changes in various indicator values, which can accurately evaluate the health status of tunnels in real-time. The characteristic values of the tunnel grade calculated by the AHP and the AMV are 1.589 and 1.695, respectively. The results of the corresponding interval diversion tunnel are the basic safety state of grade B. Except for the two evaluation indicators of concrete strength and slurry properties, the variable weight values and grade characteristic values of other evaluation indicators increase with the increase of indicator values. The four indicators of segment settlement, segment opening, segment misalignment, and segment cracks are more sensitive to the health of the TBM diversion tunnel. This AMV can accurately evaluate the health status of the diversion tunnel structure. The research results can provide references for later maintenance work and similar projects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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Lithium-ion batteries are widely used in modern society as important energy storage devices due to their high energy density, rechargeable performance, and light weight. However, the capacity and performance of lithium-ion batteries gradually degrade with the number of charge or discharge cycles and environmental conditions, which can affect the reliability and lifetime of the batteries, so it is necessary to accurately evaluate their health. The belief rule base (BRB) model is an evaluation model constructed based on rules that can handle uncertainties in the operation of lithium-ion batteries. However, lithium-ion batteries may be affected by disturbances from internal or external sources during operation, which may affect the evaluation results. To prevent this problem, this paper proposes a disturbance-considering BRB modeling approach that considers the possible effects of disturbances on the battery in the operating environment and quantifies the disturbance-considering capability of the assessment model in combination with expert knowledge. Second, robustness and interpretability constraints are added in this paper, and an improved optimization algorithm is constructed that maintains or possibly improves the resistance of the model to disturbance. Finally, using the lithium-ion batteries provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (NASA) Prediction Centre of Excellence and the University of Maryland as a case study, this paper verifies that the proposed modeling approach is capable of constructing robust models and demonstrates the effectiveness of the improved optimization algorithm. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract Objectives: to evaluate the second stage of the Kangaroo Mother Care (KMC) and its integration with the third stage in maternity hospitals in Recife in the context of the coronavirus pandemic. Methods: normative assessment carried out at the Kangaroo Neonatal Intermediate Care Unit (KNICU) in two public reference maternity hospitals for KMC between November/2021 and May/2022. The logical model and matrix of KMC indicators were developed and validated using the Delphi Method: semi-structured interviews were carried out with professionals from the KNICU team and the municipal child health coordination. It was considered implemented when the criteria were met (from 100.0 to 80.0%); partially implemented (79.9 to 60.0%); incipient (59.9 to 40.0%) and not implemented (

BackgroundThe physical health of adolescents is crucial for the prosperity and sustainable development of a nation. Developing specific growth standards is essential for prioritizing the wellbeing of the youth of Pakistan. This study aimed to establish normative standards for height, weight, and body mass index (BMI) among 12- to 16-year-olds in South Punjab, facilitating accurate health assessments and tailored interventions.MethodThis study utilized a cross-sectional design and stratified random sampling to select 2,970 adolescents (49.73% boys and 50.26% girls) aged 12–16 years from South Punjab, Pakistan. Anthropometric measurements, including height, weight, and BMI, were collected. The data were stratified by age and sex, and smoothed percentile curves were computed using the LMS method, which incorporates the L (γ-lambda), M (μ-mu), and S (δ-sigma) parameters. The results were compared to international references to provide a comprehensive analysis.ResultsThe results highlight sex-specific trends in anthropometric indicators among adolescents. Boys exhibited higher mean values in height (160.50 ± 11.50 cm), weight (45.02 ± 9.78 kg), and BMI (17.30 ± 2.41) than girls (158.57 ± 9.34 cm, 41.00 ± 7.89 kg, and 16.29 ± 2.82, respectively). Growth patterns indicate boys grow faster in height and weight between ages 12 and 14, whereas girls show slower annual increases. Comparative analysis with international standards reveals that boys’ height and weight were generally lower than international medians (P50th), whereas girls’ height was comparable or higher. BMI values for both sexes were lower than international norms, reflecting unique regional growth patterns.ConclusionThis research establishes updated age- and sex-specific normative reference standards for adolescents in South Punjab, Pakistan. The study revealed that Pakistani adolescent boys exhibit higher mean values in height, weight, and BMI than girls, with faster growth rates between ages 12 and 14. Compared to international standards, Pakistani adolescents show lower BMI values, highlighting unique regional growth patterns. These standards have practical applications in screening, monitoring, and health strategy planning, contributing to efforts to promote a healthier future for the population. Future studies are recommended to utilize these local growth references for health surveillance and treatment in the local population.

This study evaluated factors associated with hospitalization related to the mental health of people undergoing follow-up in Psychosocial Care Centers (CAPS, in Portuguese) in the city of São Paulo, Brazil, referred from Primary Health Care (PHC). This was an evaluative study conducted with 297 individuals in 24 adult CAPS. This study analyzed the prevalence ratios (PR) and their respective 95% confidence intervals (95% CI), obtained through Poisson Regression with robust variance. A statistically significant association was found with hospitalization during follow-ups in CAPS: having health insurance and/or medical plan; waiting time between the diagnosis and the first consultation with a nonmedical professional of more than seven days; not having received medical advice regarding how long to use medication; not having received a psychopharmaceutical prescription at PHC; and having a medical history of the hospitalization due to mental health. The results warn of the need to expand access to the more socially vulnerable population, in addition to a restructuring of the services in order to provide more interactive and inclusive practices geared toward the singularities of the users. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To evaluate professional records of prenatal care in electronic medical records in a city in Ceará. Retrospective, cross-sectional, and descriptive study, carried out through the analysis of medical records of pregnant women followed up at a Family Health Unit during the period from January 2021 to December 2022. The data collec-tion instrument contains sociodemographic information, obstetric history and care. The data were analyzed based on absolute and relative frequencies. The percentage of suitability of consultations decreased as more cri-teria were used to assess quality, at level 1 it presented 73.1% suitability, at level 2 57.7%, at level 3 53.8% and at level 4 50.0%. Prenatal care was in compliance with Ministry of Health guidelines. However, weaknesses were identified in the patients' electronic medical records, especially related to sociodemographic information. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To assess the content validity of the preliminary core set for knee dysfunction based on the opinion of experts. A panel of 180 experts in knee disorders or on the use of the International Classification of Functioning, Disability, and Health for musculoskeletal conditions was invited for this Delphi study. The experts gave their opinion on whether to include the categories of the preliminary core set for knee dysfunction in a more comprehensive core set, using a six-item Likert scale. Kappa coefficient was used to analyze the agreement between the experts, and a consensus of 75% among responses was considered acceptable. Nineteen experts participated in all rounds. Of the 24 categories from the preliminary core set for knee dysfunction, 15 remained in the comprehensive core set and one category was further detailed into three new categories. Seven new categories were included. Thus, the comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction was composed of 25 categories with an agreement of 81.5% among responses and a Kappa value of 0.63. After validation by experts, the comprehensive core set for knee dysfunction was composed of 25 categories that can be used to assess the functioning of patients with knee dysfunction. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Management & Health / Revista Gestão & Saúde is the property of Revista Gestao e Saude and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Objective: To characterize Brazilian theses and dissertations that used cost-effectiveness analysis methods in health technologies and the respective decision models. Method: This documentary and quantitative study was carried out in February 2023 with a search in the Catalog of Theses and Dissertations (Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Persons) in the period 2011-2022 using the term "cost-effectiveness". After applying the inclusion and exclusion criteria, 81 studies were included in the study and then a quantitative analysis of theses and dissertations was carried out. Results: The majority of studies were doctoral theses (54.3%), defended in 2018 (22.2%) in southeastern Brazil (60.5%) and conducted in a hospital setting (42.0%). The Markov Decision Tree model (37.0%) (28.4%) was adopted, followed by other models. Furthermore, most theses followed the recommendations of good practices in economic cost-effectiveness analysis: they met a largely (55.6%), minimally (25.9%) and partially (18.5%) of the necessary items and recommendations. Conclusion: The cost-effectiveness studies carried out in the theses analyzed used the Decision Tree model and followed best practice recommendations in their development. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Objective: Evaluate the structure and care flow - risk classification and obstetric emergency in a public maternity hospital in the context of COVID-19. Methods: Normative and observational evaluation study in the Care sectors (Risk Classification and Obstetric Emergency) of a public maternity hospital in Rio de Janeiro. Data collection was carried out from June to August 2020 for 480 hours of non-participant direct observation, with records systematized in a checklist containing variables related to the availability and compliance of structural resources, and the compliance of the care flow. Data were organized into spreadsheets (Microsoft Excel® 2010) and analyzed using descriptive statistics. Results: The framework assessment scored 80.3% availability, resulting in a high availability rating, and 91.1% compliance, achieving adequate compliance. The care flow showed 72.7% of total compliance; 9.1% of partial compliance and 18.2% of non-compliance, configuring high compliance. Conclusion: Normative evaluation indicated high availability and compliance in structure and care flow in the studied scenarios. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

As an important theory of water ecological protection and restoration, fish habitat health assessment has always been the focus of research, but there is a lack of in-depth research on quantitative comprehensive assessment. By taking 5 typical deep-pool habitats in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River as examples, this paper establishes a quantitative evaluation system of fish habitat health status. Based on the habitat health assessment (primary index) of the typical deep pool in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River, the study is divided into habitat environment and habitat function (secondary index), covering 5 tertiary indexes (water quality, biological environment, hydrological environment, fish resource status, habitat quality) and 29 quaternary indexes. A mathematical model for comprehensive assessment of habitat health is built based on entropy weight method. The typical habitat health status is characterized by comprehensive health indicator (p), and the health status of the habitat is evaluated comprehensively. The results show that one of typical deep pool habitatin the upper reaches of Yangtze River is in a very healthy state with a health grade of I . The evaluation of the three places is II level, in the health state. A site is rated as level III, in the sub-health state, and no healthy or poor tide point. On the whole, the typical habitat in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River is basically in health state, and shows strong spatial heterogeneity. The evaluation results objectively reflect the health status of the typical habitat in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River to a certain extent. Finally, according to the scoring grades, the urgent problems in the fish habitat ecosystem in the upper reaches of the Yangtze River are discussed, and the countermeasures and suggestions for habitat restoration are put forward. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Opuntia Brava is the property of Universidad de Ciencias Pedagogicas de Las Tunas, Centro de Documentacion e Informacion Pedagogica and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The association between physical activity in daily life (PADL) and simple functional tests is not yet clearly understood in subjects with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the association of two functional tests (Sit-to-Stand test [STS] and the 4-Metre Gait Speed test [4MGS]) with PADL, as well as to identify whether these tests can discriminate those subjects who are physically inactive. In this cross-sectional study, 28 subjects with COPD performed the five repetitions Sit-to-Stand (STS5r), the 4MGS and used the DynaPort activity monitor for 7 days in order to assess PADL. Walking time, movement intensity while walking (MI) and Physical Activity Level index (PAL) were considered as PADL outcomes. STS5r and 4MGS, respectively, were significantly associated with walking time (R2 = 0.16; p = 0.024 and R2 = 0.25; p = 0.006) and PAL index (R2 = 0.17; p = 0.002 and R2 = 0.30; p = 0.003), whereas movement intensity was associated only with the 4MGS (R2 = 0.23; p = 0.009). Additionally, both tests were able to discriminate physically inactive subjects (cutoffs: STS5r = 11.48s [AUC = 0.73]; 4MGS = 1.09m/s [AUC = 0.88]). In conclusion, STS5r and 4MGS can predict up to 30% of PADL in subjects with COPD. Both tests are related to PADL duration (e.g. time spent walking), while only the 4MGS reflects movement intensity. Both tests presented discriminative capacity to identify subjects with worse PADL pattern.

Introduction: Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, medical specialties have adapted their routine, postponing non-essential procedures, which resulted in a reduction in the number of surgical visits, directly impacting teaching hospitals. This work aims to evaluate the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the activities of the surgical specialties at the University Hospital Professor Edgard Santos (C-HUPES), located in Salvador-BA. Method: Observational, cross-sectional, retrospective study, which compares the year 2020 to the year 2019, in which the impacts of the pandemic on the surgical activities (especially plastic surgery) of the hospital are analyzed through the total number of procedures, hospitalizations, and outpatient consultations of surgical specialties. Results: A reduction of 45,45% of the total number of surgical procedures was observed, with 220 surgeries in 2019 and 120 surgeries in 2020. Reduction of 37.29% in hospitalizations, totaling 236 in 2019 and 148 in 2020. There was a decrease of 40.90% in outpatient consultations, with 2941 consultations performed in 2019 and 1738 consultations in 2020. It is noticed that the worst periods of reduction in 2020 were from March to June, in addition to a new drop in November and December. Conclusion: The pandemic impacted the activities of the surgical specialties at C-HUPES due to the total reduction in the number of surgeries, consultations, and hospitalizations in 2020, impairing the care of plastic surgery patients in absolute numbers. It is inferred that the COVID-19 pandemic hampered the training of plastic surgery residents.

Background and Objectives: Down syndrome (DS) is the most common chromosomal disorder in the world. It is caused by the imbalance of the chromosomal constitution of 21 by free trisomy, translocation or mosaicism. Children and adolescents with Down syndrome have immune dysregulation and are more susceptible to infections. This study aims to evaluate hospitalizations of children and adolescents with DS in the pediatric ward of Botucatu Clinics Hospital (HCFMB) and to classify the population of children included in the study according to age, diagnosis, outpatient follow-up, length of stay and need for the intensive care unit (ICU). Thus, it will be possible to improve care for these children, aiming to reduce these hospitalizations. Materials and Methods: This study was an observational, cross-sectional study, with retrospective data collected from the last nine years of hospitalization, from January 2013 to December 2021, from children and adolescents with DS in the pediatric ward, emergency room, and the ICU of HCFMB. Children hospitalized in this period in the pediatric ward and ICU, in the age range of 30 days to 15 years, were included in this study. The evaluation of comorbidities that culminated in the need for hospitalization in this population can be the focus of actions to improve the diagnoses and conducts for this population, which can prevent worsening illness and hospitalizations in future populations. Results: In this analysis, 80 children with DS were evaluated, with a total of 283 hospitalizations. The most prevalent age group was 1 to 3 years, and the main cause was due to problems in the respiratory system (99 cases). Among the respiratory causes, the main cause of hospitalization was due to pneumonia in 50% of cases, followed by acute respiratory failure in 14%. The average hospitalization time was 8 days, and in 49 hospitalizations, the children required the ICU. The main cause of hospitalization in the ICU was due to respiratory causes (36%), followed by cardiac malformations (14%). During the ICU hospitalizations, there were 13 deaths, and we observed a higher prevalence of heart conditions and, in some cases, positive urine cultures in these children. Conclusions: The Hospital serves as a reference for pediatric hospitalizations within its region and beyond, owing to its specialized capabilities. The main causes of hospitalization were those related to the respiratory system and cardiac malformations. Roughly one-third of the children required admission to the intensive care unit.

Abstract Background In Brazil, despite advances in public health policies aimed at eliminating and controlling infectious and parasitic diseases, the incidence of neglected diseases is still high. The epidemiological scenario in Brazil of diseases such as tuberculosis and leprosy evidences a public policy agenda that has not been resolute in terms of control, nor in terms of elimination. Objective To analyze the actions of diagnosis and treatment of leprosy and tuberculosis in the context of primary health care. Methods In this ecological study, data from the third cycle of the Program for the Improvement of Access and Quality of Primary Care were extracted from electronic address of the Primary Health Care Secretariat of Brazil in the area of Actions, Programs and Strategies. A total of 37,350 primary health care teams were that answered the questionnaire were eligible, with variables extracted from leprosy and tuberculosis control actions. The municipalities were grouped according to the characteristic of the Brazilian municipality. The partition chi-square and the Residuals Test were used to assess whether there was a difference in the proportion of tuberculosis and leprosy actions between types of municipalities. Statistics were carried out using Minitab 20 and Bioestat 5.3. Results Regarding the leprosy treatment location, there is a higher proportion of people referred to be treated at the reference in adjacent rural (p = 0.0097) and urban (p

ABSTRACT Objective: To analyze characteristics of the home visit (HV) in Brazil, 2012 and 2017. Methods: Ecological study, with panel data whose units of analysis were the Primary Health Care teams in Brazil, participants of the 1st and 3rd cycles of the Program to Improve Access and Quality of Primary Care of the Unified Health System. Descriptive, inferential and spatial analyzes (alpha=5%) were performed. Results: There was an increase in the proportion of teams that carried out home visits at a frequency defined based on risk and vulnerability analysis and actively searched for people with respiratory symptoms and women with delayed and altered cytopathological examination. In the heat maps, the Northeast, Southeast and South regions had a higher concentration of teams that carried out the HV and carried out an active search. Conclusion: The maintenance and qualification of HVs must be a priority in Brazil, since there are few countries in the world with such capillarity of health services, reaching the homes of millions of people.

ABSTRACT Objective: To build and validate an instrument to evaluate Lean Healthcare in healthcare institutions. Method: Methodological study conducted in three stages: 1) Instrument construction; 2) Content validity using the Delphi technique with 14 experts; and 3) Construct validation using Structural Equation Modeling with sample consisted of 113 professionals with experience in Lean Healthcare. Data collection carried out from October/2020 to January/2021 using a digital form. Data analysis performed with the SmartPLS2.0/M3 software. Results: Items were developed after an integrative review and divided into the dimensions Structure, Process and Outcome, according to Donabedian’s theoretical framework. Content validation in two rounds of the Delphi technique. Final instrument, after model adjustment, containing 16 items with Cronbach’s alpha of 0.77 in Structure, 0.71 in Process and 0.83 in Outcome. Conclusion: The instrument presented evidence of validity and reliability, enabling its use in healthcare institutions to evaluate Lean Healthcare.

Objective: to evaluate the patient safety climate in Primary Health Care from the perspective of nurses working in the services. Method: a quantitative and cross-sectional study conducted with 148 nurses from a municipality in the state of São Paulo. The Brazilian version of the Primary Care Safety Questionnaire Survey and personal, professional, and organizational performance variables (intention to stay at work, job satisfaction, care quality, and frequency of incidents) were used. Parametric and non-parametric comparison tests and Spearman’s correlation coefficient were performed, considering a 5% significance level. Results: the safety climate was positive, varying from 4.52 to 5.33 and differing across districts for workload (p=0.0214) and leadership (p=0.0129). The safety climate professional variables and dimensions differed in relation to the frequency of incidents. Teamwork and safety and learning system were strongly correlated with job satisfaction and moderately with perceived care quality. Conclusion: teamwork and safety and learning system stood out for their positive correlations with job satisfaction and care quality. A positive safety climate favors the involvement of Primary Care nurses to develop improvement plans aligned with the National Patient Safety Program.

Wetlands play a crucial role as carbon reservoirs, and it is imperative to conduct ecological health assessments to protect them and attain the goal of “carbon dioxide peaking and carbon neutrality”. A wetland health evaluation method based on the Google Earth Engine (GEE) platform, the PSR (pressure-state-response) model, and the AHP (analytic hierarchy process) model was proposed. Initially, the coastal regions of Guangxi and Guangdong was selected as the study area, and the GEE platform was employed to extract wetland data and calculate remote sensing indices. Subsequently, 13 indicators are chosen from three criterion layers (i. e., pressure, state, and response) using the PSR model to form an index system for assessing the health of coastal wetland ecosystems in Guangxi and Guangdong. Finally, the AHP model was utilized to determine the weights of each index, and the municipal administrative divisions was selected as evaluation units to compute the pressure score, status score, response score, and overall score of each municipality, which can be employed to assess the health status. The outcomes demonstrate that the method is practical and feasible, and it can serve as a scientific basis for wetland conservation and restoration. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Arquivos de Ciências da Saúde da UNIPAR is the property of Associacao Paranaense de Ensino e Cultura and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Meta: Avaliação is the property of Revista Meta: Avaliacao and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The waters of the northern Shandong Peninsula are spawning and nursery grounds for many fishery organisms from the Bohai Sea and Yellow Sea and play an important supporting role in the supplementation and reproduction of fishery resources in these seas. In recent years, with global warming and intensification of human activities, the fishery resources in Shandong offshore have generally declined, with obvious species miniaturization, low quality, and reduction of species diversity. Important fishery resources have been unable to achieve the minimum amount for the fishing seasons, and its support function in the Bohai and Yellow seas is increasingly diminishing. The fishery organisms research in the northern part of the Shandong Peninsula is less focused on their composition, community structure, and fishery biological health evaluation. Therefore, based on the northern Shandong Peninsula fishery resource survey data of May–June 2021, this study analyzed the fishery's biological diversity and identified the dominant species in these waters. Key species were evaluated through food web topology and social network analysis, and the fishery's biological health status was provided based on the survey data of 2011 and 2013. The study showed that the fishery resources of the Shandong Peninsula would be conserved and managed in 2021. The proportion of pelagic fish in spring decreased in 2021, and the turnover of dominant species showed a gradual decrease in pelagic fish, mainly small and less economically valuable. In the past 40 years, the spring fish diversity and evenness indices in the northern Shandong Peninsula sea area have been continuously reduced, reaching values lower than the reasonable range of the proposed diversity index, which indicates that the species in this area are poorly homogeneous concerning their horizontal structure. The higher number and extremely uneven distribution of species can lead to a lower diversity index. Compared with the late 20th century to the early 21st century, Engraulis japonicus was a dominant resource based on the results of this study, and the lower number of other fishes may be a factor for the lower diversity index. The significant increase in the richness index may be related to the occurrence of succession in the community structure, resulting from the mutual replacement of small, low-quality species with short life cycles, rapid resources renewal, and small individuals. The dominant species E. japonicus is often found among the catch. Shandong offshore fisheries development history corresponds to a significant number of large, high-value class invertebrates fishing, including cephalopods such as Loligo chinensis, in an unhealthy state. Crangon affinis is the absolute dominant species of invertebrates. In the spring of 2021, the fish food web in the northern Shandong Peninsula showed correlation values ranging from 0.03 to 0.30, excluding a possible specific relationship between the population feeding and the community. Moreover, external factors may disturb the community, which is consistent with the community interspecific feeding relationship under natural conditions. The key community species were Liparis tanakae, Lophius litulon, E. japonicus, Larimichthys polyactis, and Chaeturichthys stigmatias. E. japonicus was both the dominant and key species in the fish community in the northern Shandong Peninsula waters in 2021. The regulating effect of E. japonicus on the food web was related to its upward control effect through changes in resource abundance that affects the changes of other fish that use this area as bait. L. tanakae, L. litulon, and L. polyactis were important predators in the sea through the downward control effect, affecting the stability of the whole food web. Fishery biological density, fish density, and crustacean density health index were found within healthy parameters, while the cephalopod density health index was in a sub-healthy state. Compared with 2011–2013, the densities of various economic species have increased significantly, and the overall health of fishery organisms in the northern part of the Shandong Peninsula is good. Overall, the results of this study can provide a reference for conserving and managing fishery resources in the Shandong offshore region.