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Retinol binding protein-4 (RBP4) levels have been associated with patients of type 2 diabetes (T2DM) including insulin resistance (IR), dyslipidemia, and cardiovascular disease (CVD). The present study examined the relationship between serum levels of RBP4 and the risk factors related to hypothyroidism (Hypo) and CVD in diabetic Egyptian patients. A total of 96 subjects were recruited and divided into 8 groups. Subjects were assessed for different biochemical parameters. In addition, serum levels of RBP4 were measured using specific immunoassays. There was a highly statistically significant difference in fasting blood glucose (FBG) and hemoglobin A1C (HbA1c) between the different patient groups and the control group. Thyroid stimulating hormone (TSH) concentration in the (T2DM+Hyp) group was considerably higher than in the other groups. There were statistically significant variations in TSH levels between all groups and controls. The mean RBP4 value in Group5 (T2DM+Hyp+CVD) was significantly higher than in the other groups. In (T2DM+Hypo+CVD) group, the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve revealed that RBP4 had a higher area under curve (AUC), making it a powerful discriminator of those diseases.

Background: Oxidized low density lipoprotein (oxLDL), anti-oxLDL antibodies (oxLDL Ab) and lipoprotein-associated phospholipase A2 (Lp-PLA2) are the sequel of lipoprotein oxidation and were not studied contemporarily in obese adolescents with and without type 1 diabetes (T1DM). Subjects and methods: The current study enrolled seventy-five adolescents with T1DM who were selected as having hyperglycemia and seventy-five matched control subjects. Both the diabetic and the control groups were further divided into obese, normal weight and underweight subgroups according to body mass index (BMI). The following tests were performed: fasting plasma glucose (FG) glycated hemoglobin (HbA1c), insulin, apolipoprotein AI (apo AI), apolipoprotein B (apo B), oxLDL, oxLDL Ab and Lp-PLA2 mass. The diabetic subgroups were selected as having hyperglycemia. Results: Obese diabetic subgroup had higher insulin level and HOMA value than underweight and normal weight diabetic subgroups. oxLDL, oxLDL Ab and Lp-PLA2 showed higher concentrations in patients with T1DM than in control subjects (118.48 ± 23.7, 1231.8 ± 940 and 401.26 ± 97.2 vs. 58.1 ± 17.9, 424.9 ± 290.0 and 315.7 ± 70; p