Search

Abstract Pulmonary mesenchymal stem cells (PMSCs) are considered important in therapeutic and regenerative responses to lung injury. Despite extensive studies on the human, porcine, sheep, mouse and rat, it was found that PMSCs, which can been performed on goose, have not been well explored. Elucidation of cell differentiation, proliferation, which have not yet been well described, may promote the development of injured lung therapy. In our study, we firstly disclosed biological characteristics of spindle-shaped PMSCs from pulmonary tissues of goose embryos. Growth kinetics and counting kit-8 (CCK8) assay were employed for proliferative activity evaluation. When appropriately induced, PMSCs could differentiate into osteoblasts, adipocytes, chondrocytes, type II alveolar epithelial cells (ATII), which demonstrated that PMSCs have cross-embryonic layer differentiation potential. Besides, undifferentiated PMSCs consistently expressed MSCs associated phenotypes, such as CD166, CD90, CD44, CD29, CD71 and CD105, as identified by immunohistochemistry and RT-PCR. Karyotype analysis demonstrated that PMSCs possessed stable diploid karyotype. Collectively, we successfully established applicable methods for isolation, culture, identification and characterization of goose PMSCs which suggested a potential therapeutic use in regenerative therapy.

Abstract Umbilical cord mesenchymal stem cells (UMSCs) from fetal tissues have become a valuable source of cell regeneration therapy due to their low immunogenicity, high plasticity and antimicrobial peptides. Most researches about UMSCs mainly focused on humans, mice, rabbits and other mammals, but it is still unknown in broiler. To the best of our knowledge, we first established a broiler-derived UMSCs line from noncontroversial Wharton's jelly of umbilical cord. The detection of biological characteristics showed UMSCs showed the morphological characteristics of fibroblasts and could be cultured to 26 generations in vitro, and maintained diploid chromosomes (2n=78) by G-banding analysis. Cell cycle of UMSCs showed the rate of G0/G1 was about 76.7-80.9%. Moreover, UMSCs could express mesenchymal markers (CD29, CD90, CD71, and CD44), but not hematopoietic marker (CD34) and endothelial marker (CD31). Additionally, UMSCs could be efficiently induced to transdifferentiate into three germ layer cells, such as adipocytes, osteoblasts, chondrocytes, hepatocytes, epithelia, and neurogenic cells. These results demonstrated UMSCs have the essential characteristics of MSCs, and can be used as an attractive candidate for cell regenerative therapy and the study of regulatory mechanisms associated with selective differentiation.

The oscillation arc assisted by an extra alternating longitudinal magnetic field (LMF) in narrow gap tungsten arc welding is proved to be effective in avoiding welding defects due to insufficient fusion at the side walls in joining thick wall plates. The behavior of the welding arc and molten pool under the LMF is simulated to reveal the influence of the LMF on the formation of a uniform penetration weld bead. A unified mathematical model was developed for the narrow gap tungsten arc welding including the plasma arc, molten pool, electrode, and their interactions. Under the LMF, the whole welding arc is deflected and oscillates between the two side walls. When the magnetic-field strength is larger than 6 mT, the axis of the arc deflects to the side wall; the maximum value of heat flux at the bottom decreases by one-half, and the maximum value at the side wall is increased by a factor of ten. On the other hand, under the LMF, the forces acting on the molten pool are changed; the fluid flow pattern is helpful to increase the heat transferred to the side walls. The model is validated by experimental results. Both the percentage deviations of the simulation weld penetration at the side wall and at the bottom from the experimental results are lower than 10%.

Background: The association between gut microbiota (GM) and Parkinson's disease (PD) has been well established, but whether there is a causal relationship between the two and whether inflammatory cytokines (ICs) act as mediators remain unclear., Methods: We utilized the summary databases of large-scale genome-wide association studies (GWAS) conducting Mendelian randomization (MR) analyses to investigate the causal relationships between GM, ICs, and PD. The inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method was primarily used to identify GM and ICs associated with PD and to examine the mediating role of ICs, supplemented by MR Egger and weighted median., Results: Through MR analysis, we identified three positive causal relationships and six negative causal relationships between GM and PD. Additionally, there were three positive associations and five negative associations between ICs and PD. However, after adjusting for FDR, none of these associations were significant. In reverse MR analysis, we also found causal relationships between PD and various GM and ICs. Further, two-step MR analysis indicated that the negative impact of phylum Actinobacteria on PD may be mediated through Fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand levels., Conclusion: This study strengthens the link between GM and the risk of PD, while also revealing the potential mediating role of ICs in the causal relationships between these factors., (© 2024 The Author(s). Brain and Behavior published by Wiley Periodicals LLC.)