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A prominent heterocyclic system found in medications and natural goods is indoles. Due to the significance of this important ring system, a fresh batch of unique indole derivatives was created using indole carbohydrazide. The triazole moiety of indole derivative (3) is produced by reacting carbohydrazide with carbon disulfide in alkaline conditions, followed by hydrazine treatment. In addition to synthesizing additional derivatives, indole-bearing triazole (3) was condensed with aromatic aldehydes to create the indole derivatives (4a–c). Mass spectra, 1HNMR, 13CNMR, and infrared spectroscopy were used to diagnose all produced derivatives. An MTT assay was employed to test the derivatives against MCF-7 cells. The findings demonstrated the inhibitory action of compounds 5a and 5b, with IC50 values of 42.6 ± 0.33 µM and 27.3 ± 0.28, respectively. Affinity energy and the interaction between the investigated chemicals and receptor (CDK4 ID: 2w96) were ascertained by studying molecular docking. The chemical structure-physicochemical-pharmacokinetic relationship provides useful insight for medicinal chemists to design indole-triazole derivatives with acceptable drug-like and pharmacokinetic properties.

New geochemical data were presented for the mafic (basalts and gabbros) and ultramafic (dunites, serpentinites and pyroxenites) rocks from the Mawat ophiolite exposed in the Zagros suture zone in northeastern Iraq. The mantle section of the ophiolite is composed of serpentinized peridotites, harzburgites, dunites, chromitites and pyroxenite dykes. The crustal section is composed of layered amphibole-rich gabbros, pegmatitic gabbros as well as basalts and minor felsic dykes. The ultramafic rocks are highly depleted in the LILEs and most of the HFSEs. The mafic rocks are tholeiitic, characterized by depletion of LREEs and display a positive trend from LREE to HREE with low Ti/V ratios. The younger gabbros are mostly calc-alkaline, characterized by enrichments of LREE with a negative REE trend and high Ti/V ratios. The basaltic and ultramafic samples plot below the N-MORB reference line suggesting that these elements have been mobile. They fall within the boninitic field in the Ti/V diagram and are related to the subduction initiation setting. The younger gabbros are related to rifting which postdated the formation of ophiolite. These geochemical data are consistent with the subduction-related suprasubduction zone tectonic setting.

Introducción. Existe poca evidencia que sustente la utilidad del uso de aplicaciones móviles en la atención del adulto mayor. GeriatriApp es una aplicación creada para dispositivos Android que busca facilitar al profesional de salud la realización de la valoración geriátrica integral (VGI) e integra la evaluación funcional, nutricional, cognitivo, emocional, farmacológico, fragilidad y sarcopenia. El objetivo del presente estudio es evaluar la utilidad percibida entre los usuarios de la App al momento de realizar la VGI, así como el efecto en la toma de decisiones y evaluar posibles diferencias entre el personal de salud. Metodología. Estudio descriptivo de corte trasversal, tipo encuesta entre usuarios de GeriatriApp, se indaga por aspectos demográficos, educativos y de percepción de utilidad de la App. Resultados. Se analizaron 228 encuestas. El 29% fueron médicos especialistas, 18% médicos generales, 17% estudiantes de medicina y 12% médicos residentes. El grupo de edad con mayor frecuencia de uso de la App se encuentra entre 20 y 30 años (39%). El principal escenario de práctica profesional fue el hospitalario (40.1%), seguido de atención primaria (31.6%). El 63% utilizó la App entre 1 y 5 veces por semana. Durante el análisis estadístico no se encontró diferencia significativa en la frecuencia de uso según la edad (p = 0.631), ni el nivel de formación (p = 0.749). Para el 98% de los encuestados la App facilitó la práctica clínica profesional y la toma de decisiones, y en el 99% permitió identificar problemas en el adulto mayor en menor tiempo. Discusión. La aplicación estudiada tuvo un alcance internacional, lo que demuestra el potencial de este tipo de tecnologías. La mayor cantidad de usuarios fueron menores de 30 años, posiblemente explicado por su mayor contacto y experiencia con la tecnología móvil. No se encontraron diferencias en la frecuencia de uso según la edad, un hallazgo inesperado respecto a otros estudios. La percepción favorable de la aplicación parece estar secundada por su gratuidad, la utilidad de sus herramientas y una interfaz de uso sencilla. Conclusiones. GeriatriApp tiene una percepción favorable de utilidad entre el personal de la salud, permite realizar una valoración geriátrica en corto periodo de tiempo, facilita atención y toma de decisiones en el adulto mayor. Los resultados sugieren su utilidad en escenarios hospitalarios, atención primaria, centros de rehabilitación y hogares geriátricos. Introduction. There is little evidence supporting the usefulness of mobile applications in senior care. GeriatriApp is an application created for Android devices to assist health professionals in performing the comprehensive geriatric assessment (CGA). It integrates functional, nutritional, cognitive, emotional, pharmacological, frailty, and sarcopenia assessment. The aim of the present study is to evaluate the perceived usefulness of the App by its users when performing the CGA, as well as its effect on decision-making and to evaluate possible differences among healthcare personnel. Methodology. This survey-type descriptive cross-sectional study surveys GeriatriApp users, considering aspects like demographics, education, and the App’s perceived usability. Results. A total of 228 surveys were analyzed, of which 29% involved specialist physicians, 18% general practitioners, 17% medical students, and 12% resident physicians. The age group with the highest frequency of App use was between 20 and 30 years old (39%). The main professional practice setting was the hospital (40.1%), followed by primary care (31.6%). Sixty-three percent of the surveyed used the App between 1 and 5 times per week. The statistical analysis showed no significant difference in the frequency of use according to age (p = 0.631) or education level (p = 0.749). For 98% of the respondents, the App facilitated professional clinical practice and decision making, and, for 99%, it allowed identifying problems in the seniors in less time. Discussion. The application studied has an international scope, demonstrating this technology’s potential. The largest number of users were under 30, possibly because of their greater interaction and experience with mobile technology. No differences were found in the frequency of use according to age, an unexpected finding regarding other studies. The application’s favorable perception seems to rely on the fact that it is free of charge, the tool’s usability, and its user-friendly interface. Conclusions. GeriatriApp has a favorable perception of usefulness among health personnel, allows a geriatric assessment in a shorter period, and facilitates care and decision-making regarding seniors. The results suggest its usefulness in hospital settings, primary care, rehabilitation centers, and nursing homes. Introdução. Existem poucas evidências para apoiar a utilidade do uso de aplicativos móveis no atendimento dos idosos. GeriatriApp é um aplicativo criado para dispositivos Android que visa facilitar ao profissional de saúde a realização da avaliação geriátrica ampla (AGA) e integra a avaliação funcional, nutricional, cognitiva, emocional, farmacológica, fragilidade e sarcopenia. O objetivo deste estudo é avaliar a utilidade percebida pelos usuários do App no momento da realização da AGA, bem como o efeito na tomada de decisão, também avaliar possíveis diferenças entre os profissionais de saúde. Metodologia. Estudo transversal descritivo, tipo enquete entre usuários do GeriatriApp, consultando aspectos demográficos, educacionais e de percepção de utilidade do App. Resultados. Foi analisado um total de 228 enquetes. 29% eram médicos especialistas, 18% clínicos gerais, 17% estudantes de medicina, e 12% residentes. O grupo etário com maior frequência de utilização do App tem entre 20 e 30 anos (39%). O principal cenário de prática profissional foi o hospital (40.1%), seguido da atenção básica (31.6%). De outro lado, 63% usaram o aplicativo entre 1 e 5 vezes por semana. Durante a análise estatística, não foi encontrada diferença significativa na frequência de uso em função da idade (p = 0.631), nem do nível de educação (p = 0.749). Para 98% dos entrevistados, o App facilitou a prática clínica profissional e a tomada de decisões, e para 99% permitiu identificar problemas nos idosos em menos tempo. Discussão. O aplicativo estudado teve um alcance internacional, o que mostra o potencial desse tipo de tecnologia. O maior número de usuários tinha menos de 30 anos, possivelmente explicado pelo maior contato e experiência com a tecnologia móvel. Não foram encontradas diferenças na frequência de uso de acordo com a idade, uma descoberta inesperada em comparação com outros estudos. A percepção favorável do aplicativo parece apoiar-se na sua gratuidade, na utilidade das suas ferramentas e numa interface amigável. Conclusões. O GeriatriApp tem uma percepção favorável de utilidade entre os profissionais de saúde, permite uma avaliação geriátrica em um curto período de tempo, facilita a tomada de decisão e o atendimento ao idoso. Os resultados sugerem sua utilidade em ambientes hospitalares, atenção básica, centros de reabilitação e lares geriátricos.

O consumo do café, bebida, é responsável pela geração de uma massa residual denominada borra de café residual. Estudos de impacto ambiental sobre esse material e/ou aqueles oriundos da sua decomposiçãosão escassos. Desse modo, o presente trabalho objetivou identificar o potencial de impacto ambiental do extrato solubilizado da borra de café (BC) residual via efeito de fuga com minhocas Eisenia fetida, em solo arenoso e argiloso. Utilizou-se o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com 6 tratamentos e 3 repetições para ambos os solos. Os tratamentos foram: T1 - 3,125%; T2 – 6,25%; T3 – 12,5%; T4 – 25%; T5 – 50% e T6 – 100% de extrato BC em função do volume para umedecer cada solo.Os dados foram submetidos à análise de variância (ANOVA) e as médias foram comparadas pelo teste de Tukey a 5% de probabilidade, com auxílio do software BioEstat 5.0.Identificou-se que o extrato BC, de maneira geral não apresentou efeito tóxico potencial. Todavia, cabe ressaltar que em doses equivalentes a 100% da umidade na capacidade de campo, ocorreu fuga dos organismos, o que revela toxicidade, para ambos os solos.

O consumo per capita de café no Brasil é estimado em 4,9 kg de café torrado e moído o que remete a uma elevada geração de borra de café residual. O processo de decomposição promove dentre outros, a formação de líquidos. Esse estudo objetivou avaliar o impacto ambiental, ecotoxicológico do extrato solubilizado da borra de café em de sementes de alface. Foi utilizado o delineamento inteiramente casualizado com sete tratamentos com três repetições. Foram colocadas 10 sementes de alface em placa de Petri com substrato papel de filtro e umedeceu-se com 4,0 mL.. Houve um efeito negativo do extrato BCR sobre a taxa de germinação porém não foi possível determinar a dose CL50 com os tratamentos testados. Observou-se efeito subletal a partir do crescimento radicular de alface com o aumento das doses. A CEO foi estabelecida no tratamento com 0,1 mL. Com isso, evidencia-se que a espécie estudada possui baixa tolerância ao poluente e que o mesmo se apresenta como uma substância potencialmente poluidora.

A exploração dos recursos naturais ao longo da história desconsiderou os impactos causados sobre a sua continuidade no atendimento às necessidades humanas. A água apresenta a maior preocupação a nível mundial, e a sua escassez torna o uso racional uma atitude inevitável. A utilização de efluentes na agricultura pode contribuir na redução da exploração dos recursos hídricos. Esse estudo apresentou uma discussão e levantamento bibliográfico sobre reaproveitamento de resíduo - efluente/água residuária na agricultura - utilizando como ferramentas: o histórico da exploração e a degradação dos recursos naturais em áreas urbanas e rurais; e um panorama do uso de efluentes na agricultura. Conclui-se que a degradação dos recursos naturais, aliada as mudanças climáticas e ao constante aumento da população e de suas necessidades, são os subsídios básicos para que se estimulem as pesquisas quanto ao uso de efluentes, na agricultura e atividades afins.

The Mawat ophiolite, NE Iraq, is one of the Neo-Tethyan ophiolites within the Iraqi Zagros orogen. It consists of many metre-to kilometre-sized tectonic slices of serpentinized dunite, peridotite, gabbro, basaltic rocks and associated oceanic metasediments. Felsic intrusions crosscut the ophiolite. We present U–Pb zircon and monazite ages and Hf zircon isotopes from two crosscutting felsic dykes and a gabbro from the mantle section of the ophiolite. Zircons from the felsic dykes contain spongy domains and xenotime and monazite inclusions. They give ages from 222 to 46 Ma. The age range is interpreted to be caused by secondary processes such as radiogenic Pb mobility and Pb loss. The monazite age of 94.6 ± 1.2 Ma is considered to give a crystallisation age of the felsic dykes. The gabbro zircons give ages between 81 to 38 Ma of which the two oldest grains give the weighted average age of 81.2 ± 2.5 Ma which we interpret to be the crystallisation age of the gabbro. The zircon initial εHf values in the felsic dykes are negative (averages -2.7 and -3.1) while they in the gabbro are positive (average + 3.5), indicating that the felsic magma comes from an older source while the mafic magma comes from a juvenile one. Two mafic units of different ages were identified: the older unit is cut by the 95 Ma felsic dykes and the younger one is represented by the 81 Ma gabbro located within a thrust zone. The youngest ages of 40 Ma are considered to be related to crustal extension.

Stress response pathways detect and alleviate adverse conditions to safeguard cell and tissue homeostasis, yet their prolonged activation induces apoptosis and disrupts organismal health1-3. How stress responses are turned off at the right time and place remains poorly understood. Here we report a ubiquitin-dependent mechanism that silences the cellular response to mitochondrial protein import stress. Crucial to this process is the silencing factor of the integrated stress response (SIFI), a large E3 ligase complex mutated in ataxia and in early-onset dementia that degrades both unimported mitochondrial precursors and stress response components. By recognizing bifunctional substrate motifs that equally encode protein localization and stability, the SIFI complex turns off a general stress response after a specific stress event has been resolved. Pharmacological stress response silencing sustains cell survival even if stress resolution failed, which underscores the importance of signal termination and provides a roadmap for treating neurodegenerative diseases caused by mitochondrial import defects.

Introducción: El envejecimiento incrementa el riesgo de trombosis y fenómenos embólicos, trae cambios fisiológicos y comorbilidades como la fibrilación auricular que hacen complejo el inicio y la seguridad de la anticoagulación. A pesar de la mayor disponibilidad de clínicas de anticoagulación y nuevos anticoagulantes orales, es bajo el porcentaje de adultos mayores que están anticoagulados aunque tengan indicación plena y ausencia de contraindicaciones. Objetivo: Revisar las principales estrategias para predecir y disminuir el riesgo de sangrado con el empleo de anticoagulantes orales en pacientes adultos mayores frágiles. Metodología: Se realizó una búsqueda sistemática sobre estudios que evaluaran la seguridad y eficacia de anticoagulantes orales en pacientes con fibrilación auricular en adultos mayores de 65 años, y una búsqueda de estudios sobre el síndrome de fragilidad y su impacto en el adulto mayor anticoagulado. Resultados y Discusión: Se ha denominado fragilidad al porcentaje de adultos mayores que presentan un mayor deterioro de sus sistemas biológico, físico y cognitivo, conduciendo a una mayor probabilidad de desenlaces adversos en salud, discapacidad y muerte. Se han estudiado características clínicas que permiten identificar pacientes como frágiles; el fenotipo de fragilidad de Linda Fried evalúa esas características; además, existen estrategias de monitoreo de los anticoagulantes orales que deben ser conocidos para minimizar el riesgo de eventos adversos. Conclusiones: el anciano frágil presenta factores de riesgo que probablemente afectan la eficacia y seguridad de la terapia con anticoagulantes orales. Las guías clínicas existentes no proveen la suficiente evidencia y no consideran de manera multidimensional al paciente geriátrico. [Cadena-Sanabria MO, Pinto-Saavedra OM, Contreras-Valero JF, Ortega- Ramírez GE, Bautista-Mier HA. Anticoagulación oral en el adulto mayor frágil con fibrilación auricular. MedUNAB 2017; 19(3): 221-229]

ImportanceThe ability to detect extracellular environmental conditions is a fundamental property of all life forms. Because microbial two-component sensor systems convert information about extracellular conditions into biochemical information that controls their behaviors, we evaluated how two-component sensor systems evolved within the deep Earth across multiple sites where abiotic and biotic properties vary. We show that these sensor systems remain abundant in microbial consortia at all subterranean sampling sites and observe correlations between sensor system abundances and abiotic (dissolved organic carbon variation) and biotic (consortia diversity) properties. These results suggest that multiple environmental properties may drive sensor protein evolution and highlight the need for further studies of metagenomic and geochemical data in parallel to understand the drivers of microbial sensor evolution.

The widespread use of smartphones is boosting the market take-up of dedicated applications and among them, barcode scanning applications. Several barcodes scanners are available but show security and privacy weaknesses. In this paper, we provide a comprehensive security and privacy analysis of 100 barcode scanner applications. According to our analysis, there are some apps that provide security services including checking URLs and adopting cryptographic solutions, and other apps that guarantee user privacy by supporting least privilege permission lists. However, there are also apps that deceive the users by providing security and privacy protections that are weaker than what is claimed. We analyzed 100 barcode scanner applications and we categorized them based on the real security features they provide, or on their popularity. From the analysis, we extracted a set of recommendations that developers should follow in order to build usable, secure and privacy-friendly barcode scanning applications. Based on them, we also implemented BarSec Droid, a proof of concept Android application for barcode scanning. We then conducted a user experience test on our app and we compared it with DroidLa, the most popular/secure QR code reader app. The results show that our app has nice features, such as ease of use, provides security trust, is effective and efficient.

The expansion of the Web and its information in all aspects of life raises the concern of how to trust information published on the Web especially in cases where publisher may not be known. Websites strive to be more popular and make themselves visible to search engines and eventually to users. Website popularity can be measured using several metrics such as the Web traffic (e.g. Website: visitors’ number and visited page number). A link or page popularity refers to the total number of hyperlinks referring to a certain Web page. In this study, several top ranked Arabic Websites are selected for evaluating possible Web spam behavior. Websites use spam techniques to boost their ranks within Search Engine Results Page (SERP). Results of this study showed that some of these popular Websites are using techniques that are considered spam techniques according to Search Engine Optimization guidelines.

La agranulocitosis por metimazol es una entidad rara, con consecuencias graves. Presentamos el caso de una paciente con enfermedad de Graves e hipertiroidismo no controlado y neutropenia febril inducida por metimazol. Se realizó terapia con tres sesiones de plasmaféresis con reducción de 93% de los niveles de T4 libre, normalización de niveles de T3 total y mejoría clínica importante. Requirió aplicación de crioprecipitados por hipofibrinogenemia. Se adicionó solución de Lugol y, finalmente, se practicó tiroidectomía total exitosa. Con ocasión de este caso, se revisa el tema.

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Currently, the largest ( r a max = 19.9 Å) and by far the most complicated (234 atoms, C1 symmetry, 696 independent geometrical parameters, and 27 261 interatomic terms) experimental molecular structure of a cage-type Si6Tip6 (Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2) isomer has been investigated in the gas phase by the electron diffraction method (Tav = 645 K) supplemented with theoretical simulations. A detailed analysis of the current possibilities for experimentally investigating large molecular structures is performed. A series of density functional theory approximations and the role of dispersion interactions have been benchmarked using the obtained data. Based on the refined geometry of Si6Tip6, various quantum-chemical methods have been applied for the investigation of the electronic structure of its Si6 core. In particular, natural bond orbital, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, interacting quantum atoms, fractional occupation number weighted density, and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) methods were utilized. The diradical character of the molecule has been assessed by the UHF and CASSCF approximations. The problem of bonding between the hemispheroidal silicon atoms has been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Currently, the largest ( r a max = 19.9 Å) and by far the most complicated (234 atoms, C1 symmetry, 696 independent geometrical parameters, and 27 261 interatomic terms) experimental molecular structure of a cage-type Si6Tip6 (Tip = 2,4,6-iPr3C6H2) isomer has been investigated in the gas phase by the electron diffraction method (Tav = 645 K) supplemented with theoretical simulations. A detailed analysis of the current possibilities for experimentally investigating large molecular structures is performed. A series of density functional theory approximations and the role of dispersion interactions have been benchmarked using the obtained data. Based on the refined geometry of Si6Tip6, various quantum-chemical methods have been applied for the investigation of the electronic structure of its Si6 core. In particular, natural bond orbital, quantum theory of atoms in molecules, interacting quantum atoms, fractional occupation number weighted density, and complete active space self-consistent field (CASSCF) methods were utilized. The diradical character of the molecule has been assessed by the UHF and CASSCF approximations. The problem of bonding between the hemispheroidal silicon atoms has been investigated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]