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The pyrimidine heterocycle plays an important role in anticancer research. In particular, the pyrimidine derivative families of uracil show promise as structural scaffolds relevant to cervical cancer. This group of chemicals lacks data-driven machine learning quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) that allow for generalization and predictive capabilities in the search for new active compounds. To achieve this, a dataset of pyrimidine and uracil compounds from ChEMBL were collected and curated. A workflow was developed for data-driven machine learning QSAR using an intuitive dataset design and forwards selection of molecular descriptors. The model was thoroughly externally validated against available data. Blind validation was also performed by synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of new synthesized uracil-based and pyrimidine derivatives. The most active compound among new synthesized derivatives, 2,4,5-trisubstituted pyrimidine was predicted with the QSAR model with differences of 0.02 compared to experimentally tested activity. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Alkaline earth metal (Mg2+, Ca2+, Sr2+, Ba2+) complexes of guanine (Gu), a purine-based nucleobase were synthesized. The characterization of these complexes involved elemental analysis (CHN), determination of metal and chloride contents, FTIR, UV–Visible, 1H-NMR spectroscopy, thermal analysis (TGA, DSC), molar conductance, and PXRD measurements. Based on the elemental analysis, the molecular formulae of the complexes were proposed as [Mg(Gu)2Cl2]·4H2O, [Ca(Gu)2Cl2]·3H2O, [Sr(Gu)3Cl2]·5H2O and [Ba(Gu)3Cl2](Gu)·5H2O. The molar conductance measurement showed that the complexes were non-electrolytic. The mode of chelation of guanine through N(7) and O(6) sites was explained using FTIR and 1H-NMR spectral analysis. Thermal analysis in a nitrogen atmosphere showed that the complexes were fairly stable up to 100 °C, with decomposition starting above this temperature and indicating the presence of hydrated water. The crystallite size, microstrain, and dislocation density of the complexes were determined using XRD data. The antibacterial and antifungal activities of guanine and its complexes were screened against five gram-positive, eight gram-negative bacteria, and three fungi. Guanine did not exhibit any antibacterial activity, while the metal complexes showed significant antibacterial and antifungal activities. In vitro cytotoxicity testing revealed that the alkaline earth metal complexes exhibited potential cytotoxic activity, with LC50 values ranging from 18.55 to 40.61 µg mL−1. HeLa cervical cancer cell lines were used to investigate the anticancer activity of metal complexes, and each complex demonstrated cytotoxicity toward HeLa cell lines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study screened flavonoids and phenolic acids, antioxidant and cytotoxic effects of Mespilus germanica leaf and fruit samples. The RP-HPLC-DAD analysis allowed the identification of hesperidin, epicatechin, epigallocatechin, benzoic, p-hydroxybenzoic, vanillic, protocatechuic, syringic, caffeic, ferulic, sinapic and p-coumaric acids in various extracts. Fruit alkaline-hydrolysable phenolic acids extract (BHPA), leaf bound phenolic acids from basic hydrolysis-2 extract (BPBH2) and leaf free flavan-3-ol extract exhibited the largest DPPH, OH and NO radicals scavenging activity, respectively. Leaf flavone extract showed strong cytotoxicity on the HepG2 cell line (IC50 = 36.49 ± 1.12 μg/mL) as well as good •OH scavenging and Fe2+ chelation activities. Additionally, leaf bound phenolic acids from acid hydrolysis-1 extract (BPAH1) demonstrated strong cytotoxicity on the HeLa cell line (IC50 = 36.24 ± 1.89 μg/mL). This study suggests Turkish medlar as a natural source of phenolic compounds with potential application in food and pharmaceutical industries as anticancer/antioxidant agents. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Garlic (Allium sativum) exhibit well defined therapeutic properties due to presence of distinct bioactive compounds, specifically organosulphur compounds. Spectral analysis by UV–Vis and FT-IR confirmed interaction of different functional groups and free electrons with the electromagnetic waves showed presence of different bioactive compounds formulated silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) using diallyl sulphide (DAS) also done for aqueous garlic extract. Different assays performed for confirming the presence of antibacterial and anticancer properties of DAS-AgNPs and garlic extract. The minimum inhibitory concentration required to inhibit Gram negative (Escherichia coli, V. cholera) and Gram positive (S. aureus, B. cereus) were found lesser in DAS-AgNPs followed by garlic extract. Cytotoxicity effect confirmed by DAS-AgNPs and A. sativum towards HeLa cell line by MTT assay. The IC50 values obtained for MTT assay were at 24.09 μg/ml in DAS-AgNPs and 129.22 μg/ml in garlic extract. Anticancer efficacy was found more potent in DAS-AgNPs as compared with aqueous garlic extract. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of cancer that originates from the mucosal lining of the nasopharynx and can invade and spread. Although contemporary chemoradiotherapy effectively manages the disease locally, there are still challenges with locoregional recurrence and distant failure. Therefore, it is crucial to have a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of NPC cell movement in order to develop a more effective treatment and to improve patient survival rates. Cancer cell line models are invaluable in studying health and disease and it is not surprising that they play a critical role in NPC research. Consequently, scientists have established around 80 immortalized human NPC lines that are commonly used as in vitro models. However, over the years, it has been observed that many cell lines are misidentified or contaminated by other cells. This cross-contamination leads to the creation of false cell lines that no longer match the original donor. In this commentary, we discuss the impact of misidentified NPC cell lines on the scientific literature. We found 1159 articles from 2000 to 2023 that used NPC cell lines contaminated with HeLa cells. Alarmingly, the number of publications and citations using these contaminated cell lines continued to increase, even after information about the contamination was officially published. These articles were most commonly published in the fields of oncology, pharmacology, and experimental medicine research. These findings highlight the importance of science policy and support the need for journals to require authentication testing before publication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Anticancer peptides are among the most important bioactive peptides found in animal sources. The modulation of the molecular process of apoptosis via the genes involved in the signaling pathway is now being studied for cancer treatment. In this study, the anticancer properties of peptide HL-10 extracted from scorpion venom by regulating the apoptosis signaling pathway were investigated. In the present study, the anticancer activity of the HL-10 peptide against the HeLa cancer cell line was assessed using the cytotoxicity assay. The real-time PCR method was used to analyse the expression levels of Bax, p53, caspase-3, PTEN, and Akt genes. The cytotoxicity assay demonstrated that the IC50 value of the HL-10 peptide was 40 μM. The results also showed that the treatment of Hela cells with HL-10 led to an increase in the expression of Bax, p53, caspase-3, and PTEN genes, while it resulted in a significant decrease in the expression level of the Akt gene in a dose-dependent manner (p.05). The flow cytometry analysis also revealed a high number of cells in the secondary apoptotic stage. According to changes in the expression of genes implicated in the apoptosis pathway, the HL-10 peptide appears to play a role in the activation of the intrinsic apoptosis pathway. However, additional research in molecular dimensions and clinical studies is needed. It is suggested to confirm the effectiveness of HL-10 peptide in cancer treatment. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is the most common cancer among women of childbearing age. Nandhi Mezhugu is a Siddha herbo-mineral drug widely used to treat cancer. Due to a lack of scientific evidence, the present study was intended to evaluate the anti cancer activity of Nandhi Mezhugu in the HeLa cell line. The cells were cultured in Dulbecco's modified Eagle medium, then treated with different concentrations of the test drug (10 to 200 µg/ml). The anti proliferative activity of the drug was evaluated using an MTT assay. Cell apoptosis and cell cycle were measured by flow cytometry and typical nuclear changes of apoptotic processes were observed under the microscope using the dual acridine orange/ethidium bromide fluorescent staining method. The study result showed that the percentage of cell viability decreased with an increase in the concentration of the test drug. The MTT assay data showed that the test drug Nandhi Mezhugu had the antiproliferative effect on cervical cancer cells with IC50 of 139.7 ± 13.87 µg/ml. Further studies such as flow cytometry and dual staining method also revealed the apoptotic effect of the test drug. Nandhi Mezhugu can be effectively used as an anti cancer formulation to treat cervical cancer. Thus, the current study brings forth scientific evidence for the efficacy of Nandhi Mezhugu against the HeLa cell line. Further studies will be needed to prove the promising efficacy of Nandhi Mezhugu. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The pyrimidine heterocycle plays an important role in anticancer research. In particular, the pyrimidine derivative families of uracil show promise as structural scaffolds relevant to cervical cancer. This group of chemicals lacks data-driven machine learning quantitative structure-activity relationships (QSARs) that allow for generalization and predictive capabilities in the search for new active compounds. To achieve this, a dataset of pyrimidine and uracil compounds from ChEMBL were collected and curated. A workflow was developed for data-driven machine learning QSAR using an intuitive dataset design and forwards selection of molecular descriptors. The model was thoroughly externally validated against available data. Blind validation was also performed by synthesis and antiproliferative evaluation of new synthesized uracil-based and pyrimidine derivatives. The most active compound among new synthesized derivatives, 2,4,5-trisubstituted pyrimidine was predicted with the QSAR model with differences of 0.02 compared to experimentally tested activity.

The natural compound betulin has been extensively explored for its potential application as an anticancer agent in recent years. Presently, the betulin compound was isolated from the brown seaweed, Sargassum ilicifolium. And further it was characterized through FT-IR, 13C NMR, 1H NMR, HPLC and ESI-MS analyses. Betulin alkane functional groups were identified by using FT-IR. Protons and their positions were confirmed by using 1H and 13C NMR spectra. Betulin has 15.59 % higher antioxidant contents with IC 50 value of >320 µg/mL. And also betulin has exhibited 76 %, 66.36 % (of viability) cytotoxicity respectively against the Hep-2 and THP-1 cancer cell lines. Amongst them, betulin has caused 67.25 % death in cervical cancer cell line with the highest cytotoxic percentage of 32.75 and IC 50 value of the betulin compound against the HeLa cell line was 31.32 µg/mL. Thus the betulin could form a potential source of anticancer agent. Presently, the betulin compound revealed high antioxidant capability with potential cytotoxic effect against cancer cell line. Present investigation showed the good antioxidant potential of the algal-betulin as well as the anticancer capacity especially against the HeLa cell line. Hence, further research is essential on this compound towards possible anticervical cancer-drug development. [Display omitted] • Betulin compound was purified from the brown seaweed, Sargassum ilicifolium. • It has revealed 15.59 % higher antioxidant contents. • Betulin has revealed a remarkable cytotoxicity of 76 % and 66.36 % against the Hep-2 and THP-1 cancer cell lines. • Betulin exhibited strong anti-cancer effects by causing 67.25 % of the cells in a cervical cancer cell line to die. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aims to investigate the phytochemical composition, antioxidant potential, and anti-cancer activities of Ginkgo biloba L. leaf methanol extract. In this study, the phytochemical compounds, total phenolic and flavonoid contents of G. biloba leaf methanol extract were investigated. Additionally, antioxidant and anti-cancer activities [against HT-29 (human colon cancer line), HeLa (human cervical cancer line), and HEK-293 (human embryonic kidney cell line)] were assayed. The main phytochemical compounds were identified as gallic (0.94±0.01 mg/g), p-hydroxy benzoic (0.71±0.01 mg/g), and protocatechuic (0.60±0.02 mg/g) acids in G. biloba leaf methanol extract by HPLC. The total phenolic and total flavonoid contents were measured as 71.20±0.42 μg GAE/mg extract and 13.24±0.35 μg QE/mg extract, respectively. The high antioxidant activity was found in ABTS•+ assay (89.04±0.71%) while moderate antioxidant activity was observed in DPPH• (43.31±0.75%), metal chelating (49.04±0.49%), CUPRAC (absorbance: 0.85±0.01), and phosphomolybdenum (absorbance: 1.16±0.02) assays at 400 μg/mL. The IC50 values of G. biloba leaf methanol extract on HT-29, HeLa, and HEK-293 cell lines were recorded as 406.70±1.55, 84.86±0.98, and >800 μg/mL, respectively. The present study features a new addition to the antioxidant and anti-cancer properties of the therapeutically valuable G. biloba with its phytochemical content. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present study explores the cytotoxic activity of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius (Elephant foot yam) tuber on cervical cancer cell line (HeLa cell line). The extracts of the tuber in Petroleum Ether, Chloroform, Ethyl Acetate, Methanol and Distilled Water were evaluated by direct observation of cells using inverted phase contrast microscope followed by MTT assay using tetrazolium dye. All the five extracts of the tuber showed a dose-dependent MTT reduction in HeLa cell line. Petroleum ether extract with half-maximal inhibitory concentration, IC50 26.9478 µg/mL in MTT assay have shown greater cytotoxic activity. The toxicity of the petroleum ether extract to normal cells were studied using L6 - Rat myoblast cell lines. In the case of normal cell lines, IC50 value obtained is 95.37 µg/mLwhich supports the non-toxic effect of the extract at therapeutic concentration on normal cells. Qualitative analysis of the petroleum ether extract shows the presence of phenols, tannins and saponins. The quantitative study is carried out using colorimetric method. The quantitative study showed that the petroleum ether extract contains higher number of phenolic compounds, 84.51 µg per mg equivalent of standard Gallic acid. Petroleum Ether extract with the presence of these phytochemicals hence serves as a potential source of anti-cervical cancer agents. The isolation and characterization of the phytochemicals may open up opportunities for further study and application of Amorphophallus paeoniifolius tuber in anti-cancer research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A new series of (E)-3-(substituted phenyl-1-(4-(piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one derivatives (I–XII) aiming to develop effective anticancer agents were synthesized. The anticancer activities of compound (I–XII) at 100, 50, 25 and 5 µM concentrations were investigated against HeLa (Human cervical cancer cells) and PC3 (Human prostate cancer cells) cancer cells by the BrdU ELISA assay. The anticancer activity results were compared with the standard compound 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). All molecules (except compound (II) for HeLa cancer cells and except compound (X) for the PC3 cell line) were found to be more active than 5-FU. Compound (XI) ((E)-1-(4-(piperazin-1-yl)phenyl)-3-(3-(trifluoromethoxy)phenyl)prop-2-en-1-one) showed high activity in both HeLa and PC3 cell lines, making it an ideal molecule candidate for binary interaction. Drug-likeness, pharmacokinetic properties, and physicochemical properties of all compounds (I–XII) were determined using SwissADME program. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matthiola longipetala subsp. livida is an annual herb in Brassicaceae that has received little attention despite the family's high reputation for health benefits, particularly cancer prevention. In this study, UPLC-HRMS-MS analysis was used for mapping the chemical constituents of different plant parts (i.e., flowers, leaves, and roots). Also, spectral similarity networks via the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) were employed to visualize their chemical differences and similarities. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity on HCT-116, HeLa, and HepG2 cell lines was evaluated. Throughout the current analysis, 154 compounds were annotated, with the prevalence of phenolic acids, glucosinolates, flavonol glucosides, lipids, peptides, and others. Predictably, secondary metabolites (phenolic acids, flavonoids, and glucosinolates) were predominant in flowers and leaves, while the roots were characterized by primary metabolites (peptides and fatty acids). Four diacetyl derivatives tentatively assigned as O-acetyl O-malonyl glucoside of quercetin (103), kaempferol (108 and 112), and isorhamnetin (114) were detected for the first time in nature. The flowers and leaves extracts showed significant inhibition of HeLa cell line propagation with LC50 values of 18.1 ± 0.42 and 29.6 ± 0.35 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the flowers extract inhibited HCT-116 with LC50 24.8 ± 0.45 µg/mL, compared to those of Doxorubicin (26.1 ± 0.27 and 37.6 ± 0.21 µg/mL), respectively. In conclusion, the flowers of M. longipetala are responsible for the abundance of bioactive compounds with cytotoxic properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In the search for potent bioactive compounds, a series of tetrahydro-2H-1,3,5-thiadiazine-2-thiones (1–13) were synthesized in good yield and characterized by means of 1H NMR, 13C NMR, and mass spectral data. The anticancer activity of the compounds was evaluated against HeLa cell line and anti-inflammatory potential via nitric oxide (NO) inhibition. Among the screened compounds, 2-(5-(3-methoxypropyl)-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-yl) propionic acid (3), 2-(5-cyclopropyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-yl) propionic acid (5), 2-(5-cyclopropyl)-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-yl) acetic acid (6), and 2-(5-butyl-6-thioxo-1,3,5-thiadiazinan-3-yl) acetic acid (9) were the most potent against HeLa cell line with IC50 values

Latar Belakang: Angka kematian kanker serviks di Indonesia sangat tinggi. Kebanyakan pasien datang pada stadium lanjut karena pada tahap awal tidak menimbulkan gejala yang berarti. Kandungan pada daun sirsak berpotensi menghambat viabilitas sel kanker. Objektif: Penelitian ini memiliki tujuan mengetahui apakah ekstrak daun sirsak mampu menghambat 50% viabilitas HeLa cell line. Metode: Penelitian eksperimental in vitro ini menggunakan HeLa cell line yang diinkubasi selama 24 jam yang telah diberikan perlakuan ekstrak daun sirsak sesuai dengan kelompok konsentrasi yang telah ditentukan. Uji aktivitas sitotoksik ekstrak daun sirsak dengan etanol 95% sebagai pelarut dilakukan dengan metode MTT (microtetrazolium). Pembacaan hasil dilakukan dengan menggunakan xMark microplate reader. Persentase viabilitas dapat dihubungkan dengan log konsentrasi dengan menggunakan rumus regresi. Hasil: Hasil penelitian menunjukkan makin tinggi konsentrasi makin rendah viabilitas sel. Konsentrasi penghambatan 50% viabilitas HeLa cell line dengan masa inkubasi selama 24 jam adalah 112,2 μg/ml. Kesimpulan: Perbedaan konsentrasi ekstrak daun sirsak dapat berpengaruh terhadap viabilitas sel kanker serviks HeLa dengan menghasilkan persentase viabilitas yang berbeda. Nilai penghambatan 50% viabilitas sel HeLa menunjukkan potensi ekstrak daun srisak sebagai antikanker.

Nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) is a type of cancer that originates from the mucosal lining of the nasopharynx and can invade and spread. Although contemporary chemoradiotherapy effectively manages the disease locally, there are still challenges with locoregional recurrence and distant failure. Therefore, it is crucial to have a deeper understanding of the molecular basis of NPC cell movement in order to develop a more effective treatment and to improve patient survival rates. Cancer cell line models are invaluable in studying health and disease and it is not surprising that they play a critical role in NPC research. Consequently, scientists have established around 80 immortalized human NPC lines that are commonly used as in vitro models. However, over the years, it has been observed that many cell lines are misidentified or contaminated by other cells. This cross-contamination leads to the creation of false cell lines that no longer match the original donor. In this commentary, we discuss the impact of misidentified NPC cell lines on the scientific literature. We found 1159 articles from 2000 to 2023 that used NPC cell lines contaminated with HeLa cells. Alarmingly, the number of publications and citations using these contaminated cell lines continued to increase, even after information about the contamination was officially published. These articles were most commonly published in the fields of oncology, pharmacology, and experimental medicine research. These findings highlight the importance of science policy and support the need for journals to require authentication testing before publication.

Nanomaterials have been increasingly popular in bioimaging and cancer therapy due to their unique characteristics to reachtarget-specific tumours. Due to this uniqueness, a drug delivery platform made of nanomaterials has been developed to deliver theanti-cancer drug to target sites. As the number of incidences of cancer increases, it is critical to provide a medication delivery platform for treating cancer as soon as possible. Also, nanosystems based on carbon have been widely used as a possible biomarker for cancer imaging and therapeutics. This research work primarily focuses on the development of a spherical-shaped porous CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanocomposite to serve as a nanoplatform to treatcervical cancer. The stacked layer of graphene oxide (GO) was loaded with porous aminated cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) and gold nanoparticles (Au NPs). X-ray Diffraction (XRD),Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) were used to investigate their physio-chemical properties and morphology. Furthermore, HeLa cells were interacted with the suggested porous Au/GO hybrid, CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem and cisplatin-loaded CeO2/Au/GO hybrid system (CeO2/Cis-Au/GO hybrid), under in-vitro conditions to assess the anti-cancer efficacy of the proposed nanoplatforms. In this study, the minimum concentration of Au/GO at which nearly 50% of the cells remain dead (IC50 concentration)is considered to be 62.5 µg/mL and 31.2 µg/mL for CeO2/Au/GO. Further, the cisplatin anticancer drug was chemically bonded with CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem for testing the apoptotic efficacy of cancer cells under in-vitro conditions. The IC50 value was 62.5 µg/mL which affirmed the anticancer property of the CeO2/Cis-Au/GO system with HeLa cells. According to the findings from the antiproliferative assay, CeO2/Au/GO nanoplatforms resulted in superior cytotoxicity effects on cervical cancer in comparison with CeO2/Cis-Au/GO and Au/GO nanoplatform. Lastly, the proposed CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem was subject to dual staining investigation using Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) dyes for recording the morphological changes incurred and also to visualize live and dead cells using fluorescence spectroscopy. Based on these findings, the developed CeO2/Au/GO hybrid nanosystem can be taken to in vivo studies for the validation to act as a theranostic platform for cervical cancer.

In this work, we prepared a spherical CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT (Cerium oxide/Graphene oxide/Multiwalled Carbon nanotube) nanocomposite whose surface morphology looks porous and fibrous. The stacked layer of GO and c-MWCNT was stuffed with porous aminatedCeO2nanoparticles (NPs). Their physio-chemico aspects were probed using X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Fourier Transform Infrared Spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis. In addition, proposed porous CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT hybrid nanosystem, cisplatin-loaded CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT hybrid system (CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT) and cisplatin (CDDP) was subjected to HeLa cells to examine % cell inhibition under a suitable in-vitro microenvironment. % Cell Inhibition at 1000 µg/mL of CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT system was found to be of 91.82% and for 7.8 µg/mL concentration, it was found to be 61.41% on HeLa cell lines. CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT system has achieved 99.96% encapsulation efficiency with cisplatin drug. Hence, Cytotoxicity results are more significant for CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT when compared to CeO2/GO/c-MWCNT system. Further, the developed CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT hybrid nanosystem was taken up for Acridine Orange/Ethidium Bromide (AO/EB) dual fluorescence staining study to record the morphology assisted variations in both live and dead cells using fluorescence spectroscopy. Later, a flow cytometry study was performed to monitor the cell cycle at which the maximum cells were dead. In the current work, at the first stage (R1) the CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT system was able to kill 3,76,659 cells in a cell culture medium that has a total volume of 4,91,748 HeLa cells at a lower concentration of 15.6 µg/mL. Based on the observations from the present in-vitro investigations, the developed CeO2/CDDP-GO/c-MWCNT hybrid nanosystem can be used as therapeutic platform for cervical cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background & Aims: Cervical cancer develops in female cervix. 99% of cervical cancer cases are linked to infection with high-risk human papillomaviruses (HPV). Cervical cancer is the fourth most common cancer in women. Effective primary (HPV vaccination) and secondary prevention approaches can prevent most cervical cancer cases. The treatment of cervical cancer varies worldwide. Radiation may be used in all stages where surgical options do not exist. In addition, chemotherapy can be used to treat cervical cancer, and has been found to be more effective than radiation alone. However, prevention methods are very important to be considered to overcome the soaring incidence of cervical cancers (1,2). Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents (NSAIDs) are a group of medicines that relieve pain and fever and reduce inflammation. They work by blocking a specific group of enzymes called cyclo-oxygenase enzymes (COX enzymes) leading to reducing of prostaglandins production. Aspirin, also known as acetylsalicylic acid (ASA), is an NSAID used to reduce pain, fever, or inflammation. Aspirin is also used long-term to help prevent further heart attacks, ischaemic strokes, and blood clots in people at high risk. Aspirin decomposes rapidly in some chemical solutions including ammonium acetate or the acetates. Aspirin's ability to suppress the production of prostaglandins and thromboxanes is due to its irreversible inactivation of the cyclooxygenase enzyme required for prostaglandin synthesis. Aspirin also uncouples oxidative phosphorylation in certain tissues mitochondria, by diffusing from the inner membrane space as a proton carrier back into the mitochondrial matrix, where it ionizes once again to release protons. There is evidence that has shown that aspirin as a chemoprotective agent may reduce overall cancer incidence and mortality in colorectal, esophageal and gastric cancers with smaller effects on prostate, breast and lung cancer. Research has shown that NSAIDs such as aspirin play a role in preventing cancer development in a variety of organs including colon, pancreas, stomach, uterus and esophagus (3,4). In vitro and in vivo studies have revealed that NSAIDs have significant inhibitory effects on a variety of tumors, including gastrointestinal tumors and tumors of the reproductive system. Recent research suggest that NSAIDs have inhibitory effects on ovarian, breast, and cervical cancer cells in vivo and in vitro (5-10). Aspirin has been reported to have antitumor effects on reproductive cancer cells (11). However, contrary to research findings that confirm the anti-tumor effects of aspirin on cancer cells of the reproductive system, some research has shown that aspirin has no significant effects on cancer development. Some research results have not shown a significant association between aspirin and reduced endometrial and ovarian cancers (12, 13). Although many studies demonstrate the anti-cancer effects of aspirin, the inhibitory effect of aspirin on cancer cells are still challenging. The present study investigated the cytotoxic effects of aspirin on cervical cancer (Hela) cells in vitro and the effects of cytotoxic concentration of aspirin on expression level of apoptotic BAX, anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 and iNOS in cervical cancer cells. Methods: In this experimental-laboratory study, cervical cancer cell line was purchased from Pasteur Institute and divided into aspirin-treated groups with 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01,0.1, 1 and 10 mg /ml, and control (untreated) group. MTT (3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol2-yl)-2–5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide) assay was used to determine cell viability through determination of mitochondrial function of cells by measuring activity of mitochondrial succinate dehydrogenase, during which, MTT is reduced to a purple formazan by NADH. The product was quantified by light absorbance at 570 nm. The expression levels of BAX, Bcl-2, iNOS genes were evaluated by Reverse transcriptionpolymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) technique. Total RNAs were extracted with the high purity RNA extraction kit according to the manufacturer’s instructions and reversetranscribed into cDNAs. Then, real-time quantitative PCR was conducted to analyze Bax, Bcl-2, iNOS and GAPDH expression levels. The expression of genes was calculated based on 2-ΔΔCT method and was normalized to the loading control, GAPDH. Data were analyzed using one-way ANOVA. Results: The results of the present study showed that cervical cancer (Hela) cell viability did not change significantly when exposed to 0.0001, 0.001, 0.01 and 0.1 of aspirin compared to control group. However, exposure of cervical cancer cells to 1 and 10 mg / ml of aspirin significantly reduced cell viability (p<0.05 and p<0.001, respectively). BAX, Bcl-2 and iNOS expression levels significantly increased in cervical cancer cells exposed to1 mg/ml of aspirin. The BAX / Bcl-2 ratio was 3.18 showing the higher level of apoptotic BAX than anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 expression level. Conclusion: The results of this study showed that lower concentrations of aspirin did not have cytotoxic effects on cervical cancer cells, but higher concentrations could induce BAX-dependent apoptosis by increasing the ratio of BAX to Bcl-2 expression level, and increasing the relative expression of Nitric oxide synthase gene. After binding to its receptor and triggering a chain of reactions, aspirin is thought to trigger the expression of apoptotic genes by acting on DNA and transcription. In this way, BAX in the mitochondrial membrane, after homodimerization and oligomerization, causes the opening of anion channels, and consequently the potential difference of the mitochondrial membrane changes. These channels release proteins and apoptotic factors such as cytochrome C into the cellular cytosol, and following this release, apoptosis occurs with the activation of caspase cascade. In this study, the cytotoxic concentration of aspirin, in addition to significantly increasing the expression of BAX apoptotic gene, unexpectedly increased Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic gene, but due to the very high ratio of BAX to Bcl-2, increased gene expression of anti-apoptotic Bcl-2 was not able to counteract the high level of BAX expression and thus the process of induction of apoptosis has occurred in cervical cancer cells. The results of this study showed that aspirin increases the expression level of iNOS gene, which in turn plays a role in apoptosis induction in cervical cancer cells. Conclusively, lower concentrations of aspirin (and physio-pharmacological doses) do not have significant anticancer effects on cervical cancer cells. However, further experimental, clinical and epidemiological studies are required to determine the exact anticancer effects of aspirin on the cervical cancer cells. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Cervical cancer is one of the most aggressive and important cancer types in the female population, due to its low survival rate. Actually, the search for new bioactive compounds, like gallic and cinnamic acid, is one of the most employed options to finding a treatment. In the present study, 134 phenolic compounds with cytotoxic activity over HeLa cell line were used to generate a descriptive (R2 ${{R}^{2}}$ =0.76) and predictive (Q2 ${{Q}^{2}}$ =0.69 and Qext2 ${{Q}_{{\rm e}{\rm x}{\rm t}}^{2}}$ =0.62) QSAR model. Structural, electronic, steric, and hydrophobic features are represented as different molecular descriptors in our QSAR model. From this model, nine gallate‐cinnamate ester derivatives (N1–N9) were designed and synthesized. Furthermore, in vitro cytotoxic activity was evaluated against HeLa and non‐tumorigenic cells. Derivatives N6, N5, N1, and N9 were the most active molecules with IC50ExpHeLa values from 7.26 to 11.95 μM. Finally, the binding of the synthesized compounds to the colchicine binding site on tubulin was evaluated by molecular docking as a possible action mechanism. N1, N5 and N6 can be considered as templates for the design of new cervical anticancer compounds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Today, uterine cancer is one of the most important causes of death in the world and is one of the major problems in human health. There have been numerous reports of the effect of Streptococcus agalactiae peptide and capsular products against cancer cell lines. Objective: This study aimed to research recombinant peptide CPSA-CPSC-L-ACAN and investigate its apoptotic effect against the HeLa cell line by Real-Time-RT PCR. Design: In this study confirmation of the recombinant fusion peptide was performed by Western blotting. The effect of cytotoxicity of different concentrations of recombinant fusion peptide against the HeLa cell line was investigated by the MTT technique. The expression of apoptotic genes including BAX, BCL-2, and Caspase-3 in comparison with the GAPDH reference gene before and after exposure to recombinant fusion peptide was measured by Real-Time RT-PCR. Results: Recombinant fusion peptide at a concentration of 63 μg/ml destroyed 50% of the HeLa cell line in 24 h and cell treatment with this concentration increased gene expression of Caspase-3 genes by 16 times, bax by 6 times and decreased the expression of bcl-2 by 0.176 times. Conclusions: The results showed that treatment of the HeLa cell line with recombinant fusion peptide induced an apoptotic effect. The recombinant fusion peptide could probably help the medical community as a prophylactic or therapeutic treatment for cervical cancer.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of nickel (Ni2+)-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using the sol–gel approach. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and elemental analysis were used to characterize the Ni2+-doped HApNPs. X-ray diffraction investigation showed that the nanoscale structure of Ni2+-doped HApNPs was hexagonal, with an average crystallite size of 39.91 nm. Ni2+-doped HApNPs were found to be almost spherical in form and 40–50 nm in size, as determined by FESEM analysis. According to EDAX, the atomic percentages of Ca, O, P, and Ni were 20.93, 65.21, 13.32, and 0.55, respectively. Ni2+-doped HApNPs exhibited substantial antibacterial properties when tested in vitro against several pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity, at 50 mg tested concentration, demonstrated superior effects on G-ve bacteria than G+ve pathogens. The antifungal activity of Oidium caricae, Aspergillus flavus, and A. niger revealed a zone of inhibition of 23, 11, and 5 mm, respectively. These actions rely on the organism's cell wall structure, size, and shape. Incorporating Ni2+ into HApNPs allows them to function as powerful antioxidants. Ni2+-doped HApNPs had a good cytotoxic impact against the HeLa cell line, which improved with increasing concentration and was detected at a 68.81 µg/mL dosage. According to the findings of this study, the Ni2+-doped HApNPs are extremely promising biologically active candidates owing to their improved functional features. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cervical cancer is one of the most common cancers among women, and its mortality rate is increasing rapidly. Drugs such as paclitaxel are used to treat this cancer. Unfortunately, the hydrophobic nature of this drug increases its side effects. Polymeric micro-rods are suitable carriers that can be used to transport hydrophobic drugs such as paclitaxel and release the drug in a slow and controlled manner. The aim of this study is to load paclitaxel onto polymeric inulin stearate micro-rods and evaluate these rods for physicochemical properties, drug release, and cytotoxicity. Materials and Methods: Inulin was reacted with stearoyl chloride in the presence of 4-dimethylaminopyridine until the inulin stearate was made and lyophilized after purification. Using dialysis method, paclitaxel was loaded onto polymeric micro-rods with two final formulations of 10 and 20%. The prepared rods were studied for surface charge, morphology, loading efficiency, drug release, and the effects of cytotoxicity on HeLa cell line. Results: In water solvent and by dialysis method, inulin stearate interacts with paclitaxel and produces micro-rod with self-assembly approach. SEM images prove the structure of micro-rods. The surface charge of 10% and 20% rods were − 8.19 and − 10.5 mV, respectively. Percentage of drug loading for 10% was 6.33% and for 20% was 14.89%. Finally, evaluation of in vitro drug release showed a sustained and slow release of the drug. Analysis of drug release charts for the two formulations showed that 20% formulation is more suitable for slow drug release studies than 10%. Cytotoxicity results for the 20% formulation also showed that the IC50 value for drug-loaded inulin stearate rods on the HeLa cell line was 3.1 μM. Conclusion: In this study, inulin stearate rods containing paclitaxel (20%) exhibited good in vitro slow-release physicochemical properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

In this invistigation, we assessed the composition of the essential oil from the leaves of Artabortrys hexapetalus (L.f.) Bhandari, In vitro antioxidant and anticancer activities. The hydrodistilled essential oil from A. hexapetalus leaves cultivated in the southern Western Ghats was evaluated by GC/MS for its chemical composition. 34 compounds were present, according to the results of GC/MS analysis. The predominant constituents include Caryophyllene (17.2%), Copaene (12.9%), α-Bisabolene (8.3%), Biocyclogermacrene (6.3%), α-Cadinol (6.2%), β-Myrcene (5.7%), δ-3-Carene (5.3%), and γ-Muurolene (4.9 %). The minor constituents are Gurjunene (3.5%), Longipinane (3.5%), Patchoulene (3.1%), Trans cadinal (2.8%), Ledol (1.4%), α-Phellandrene (1.3%), and Patchouli alcohol (1.3%). The DPPH and ABTS assays were used to measure the antioxidant activity of the A. hexapetalus essential oil, with ascorbic acid as a reference. The essential oil demonstrated antioxidant activity by having IC50 values of 104 and 122 μl/mL, respectively. Further the essential oil has tested its In vitro anticancer potential using the MTT assay on the HeLa cancer cell line and showed significant anticancer activity with an IC50 value of 36.7 μg/mL. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Matthiola longipetala subsp. livida is an annual herb in Brassicaceae that has received little attention despite the family’s high reputation for health benefits, particularly cancer prevention. In this study, UPLC-HRMS-MS analysis was used for mapping the chemical constituents of different plant parts (i.e., flowers, leaves, and roots). Also, spectral similarity networks via the Global Natural Products Social Molecular Networking (GNPS) were employed to visualize their chemical differences and similarities. Additionally, the cytotoxic activity on HCT-116, HeLa, and HepG2 cell lines was evaluated. Throughout the current analysis, 154 compounds were annotated, with the prevalence of phenolic acids, glucosinolates, flavonol glucosides, lipids, peptides, and others. Predictably, secondary metabolites (phenolic acids, flavonoids, and glucosinolates) were predominant in flowers and leaves, while the roots were characterized by primary metabolites (peptides and fatty acids). Four diacetyl derivatives tentatively assigned as O-acetyl O-malonyl glucoside of quercetin (103), kaempferol (108 and 112), and isorhamnetin (114) were detected for the first time in nature. The flowers and leaves extracts showed significant inhibition of HeLa cell line propagation with LC50 values of 18.1 ± 0.42 and 29.6 ± 0.35 µg/mL, respectively, whereas the flowers extract inhibited HCT-116 with LC50 24.8 ± 0.45 µg/mL, compared to those of Doxorubicin (26.1 ± 0.27 and 37.6 ± 0.21 µg/mL), respectively. In conclusion, the flowers of M. longipetala are responsible for the abundance of bioactive compounds with cytotoxic properties.

N-cyclohexylacrylamıde (NCA), the synthesized compound, was evaluated for their cytotoxic activities against HeLa cancer cell line. Also, the current study has been analyzed by the use of molecular docking as protein-ligand interactions play a vital role in drug design. The docking study of NCA was performed with BCL-2, BCL-W, MCl-1, AKT, BRAF, CDK2, VEGFR, EGFR PARP1, CDK6 proteins. The 3D structures of proteins were obtained from the protein data bank and 3D structure of NCA compounds using GAUSSIAN. The in silico molecular docking results indicated that NCA compound can inhibit cancer-related proteins and can play a role as potential lead compounds for developing new drugs for cancer therapy with chemical modification.

The objective of the present work was to develop stimuli-responsive PEGylated nanoparticles system comprising of xanthine oxidase, Bleomycin and diallyl trisulfide in order to promote their significance against cervical cancer HeLa cell line. In the synthesis of polyethylene glycol- xanthine oxidase, the modified polyethylene glycol was added to lysyl ϵ-amino group of xanthine oxidase to form amide linkage. Similarly, polyethylene glycol- xanthine oxidase-bleomycin sulphate and polyethylene glycol-diallyl trisulfide were synthesized with the molar ratio approach in order to form covalent interactions. The polyethylene glycol systems display synergistic cytotoxic action on HeLa cells, thus indicating a promising approach in the treatment of cervical cancer. In addition, polyethylene glycol- bleomycin sulphate-diallyl trisulfide proved to be a better anti-cancer agent in contrast to other prepared polyethylene glycol systems. It can be concluded disulfide interlinkages will play important role in near future for drug resistance cancer and for reducing cancer adverse events. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

There are several treatments for cancer, including medication, surgery, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and targeted therapy. Although these methods are common among cancer treatments, they can cause side effects such as resistance to treatment and damage to non-cancerous cells, and other adverse effects on the cells. This study aimed to evaluate the apoptotic activity of the CpsA-CpsC-L-ACAN fusion peptide against the HeLa cancer cell line. The rate of primary apoptosis delayed apoptosis and necrosis in HeLa Cells with a concentration of 64 μg/mL of the fusion protein was significantly increased compared to cases not treated with recombinant protein. Apoptosis of cancer cells without fusion protein and cancer cells increased from 4 to 80% after exposure to the recombinant fusion protein, which increased 20-fold apoptosis. The results showed that the percentage of cells treated with recombinant protein at a concentration of 64 μg/mL with total apoptosis was 80% and increased by 20 folds compared to untreated cells. The results showed that the recombinant protein with the anticancer sequence can inhibit the proliferation of the HeLa cancer cell line and induce apoptosis. Therefore, it could be used as prevention a vaginal cream to inhibit uterine cancer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Several Saharan plants, despite their abundance of natural compounds, have received little attention. In this study, the chemical composition of polar extracts of Tourneuxia variifolia Coss. (Asteraceae), an endemic species to Algerian Sahara, was investigated and their anticancer activity was evaluated in vitro. The phytoconstituents of both ethyl acetate (EtOAc) and n-butanol (n-BuOH) extracts were screened using LC/MS-MS technique. The anticancer activity of the above extracts was measured against human cervical adenocarcinoma (HeLa) cell line. The LC/MS-MS analyses results revealed that twenty-seven phytochemicals in EtOAc extract and twenty-three in n-BuOH extract were identified and quantified from which isoquercetin and astragalin were the most present. Moreover; the EtOAc extract was found to have a strong anticancer activity (IC50: 46.797 ± 0.060 µg/mL). These findings identified T. variifolia as a potential plant exhibiting anticancer properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study aimed to assess the synergistic antioxidant and anticancer effects of methanolic extracts derived from Rubus ellipticus and Boerhavia diffusa fruits against the HeLa cell line. The methanolic extracts were prepared from the fruits of R. ellipticus and B. diffusa , and their antioxidant potential was evaluated using the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) scavenging activity assay and the ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) assay. The anticancer effects of benzoic acid and rutin extracted from the aforementioned fruits were also investigated against the HeLa cell line using the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazolyl-2)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay to measure the cell metabolic activity. Using Synergy Finder plus software, the bioactive compounds were tested to explore any synergistic effects. R. ellipticus exhibited higher antioxidant potential as revealed by higher DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP value compared with B. diffusa . The benzoic acid extracted from R. ellipticus demonstrated potent anticancer activity against the HeLa cell line, with an IC 50 of 1.07 µg/mL. Similarly, rutin extracted from B. diffusa displayed moderate anticancer activity with an IC 50 of 1.4 µg/mL while exhibiting minimal impact on normal cell lines. The combination studies of the extracted bioactive compounds revealed a synergistic effect. These findings suggest the therapeutic potential of R. ellipticus and B. diffusa in combating the oxidative stress and cancer. Their bioactive compounds like benzoic acid and rutin were observed to act synergistically. Further investigations are warranted to elucidate the underlying mechanisms and evaluate their applicability in clinical settings.

Background: Endocrine-disrupting chemicals (EDCs) interfere with physiological function by mimicking or blocking hormones; these chemicals enter the human body through various materials used in food packaging, among other routes. Thyroid hormones (THs) are very important hormones that control various basic physiological functions. Results: In a previous study, we developed a TH agonist transactivation (TA) assay based on the A549 cell line. However, the assay using A549 showed some limitations, since it required 4 days to yield results and showed low sensitivity to the natural form of human triiodothyronine (T3). Therefore, in this study, we have developed a more sensitive TH TA assay based on a HeLa cell line to screen potential TH agonists. We evaluated the TH agonist activity of 17 chemicals, 5 of which showed TH agonist activity. Conclusions: In conclusion, in comparison with the previously developed TA assay, the assay using HeLa cells provided greater accuracy, sensitivity, and specificity, yielding more detailed results for TH agonist chemicals in less time. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Micropropagation was successfully established in the pineapple orchid Dendrobium densiflorum for its conservation and future utilization in the anticancer drug discovery. Micropropagation was carried out via seeds culture on the MS medium. Furthermore, antioxidant and anticancer activities were explored through DPPH and MTT assays. For culture initiation, maximum seed germination (84%) was achieved on half-strength MS medium supplemented with 10% coconut water. Full-strength MS medium supplemented with 15% coconut water was found suitable for highest number of shoot formation from protocorms, while a maximum number of roots were developed on micro-shoots grown on the full-strength MS medium supplemented with 1.5 mg/L IBA. The combination of cocopeat, pine bark and sphagnum moss in the ratio of 2:1:1 was the best substrate used in acclimatization stage resulting in 92% survivability of acclimatized plantlets. Extract of wild plant's stems (DDW) at 475.28 μg/mL concentration inhibited the 50% DPPH free radicals. Therefore, DDW at 369.16 and 470.97 µg/mL concentrations inhibited the growth of 50% cervical cancer cells (HeLa) and glioblastoma cells (U251) respectively. This research highlighted the micropropagation of D. densiflorum to be utilized in conservation and its potential anticancer drugs to be discovered in future. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The study aimed to achieve enhanced targeted cytotoxicity and cell-internalization of cisplatin-loaded deoxyribonucleic acid-nanothread (CPT-DNA-NT), mediated by scavenger receptors into HeLa cells. DNA-NT was developed with stiff-topology utilizing circular-scaffold to encapsulate CPT. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) characterization of the DNA-NT showed uniformity in the structure with a diameter of 50–150 nm and length of 300–600 nm. The successful fabrication of the DNA-NT was confirmed through native-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis analysis, as large the molecular-weight (polymeric) DNA-NT did not split into constituting strands under applied current and voltage. The results of cell viability confirmed that blank DNA-NT had the least cytotoxicity at the highest concentration (512 nM) with a viability of 92% as evidence of its biocompatibility for drug delivery. MTT assay showed superior cytotoxicity of CPT-DNA-NT than that of the free CPT due to the depot release of CPT after DNA-NT internalization. The DNA-NT exhibited targeted cell internalizations with the controlled intracellular release of CPT (from DNA-NT), as illustrated in confocal images. Therefore, in vitro cytotoxicity assessment through flow cytometry showed enhanced apoptosis (72.7%) with CPT-DNA-NT (compared to free CPT; 64.4%). CPT-DNA-NT, being poly-anionic, showed enhanced endocytosis via scavenger receptors.

The aim of this study was to investigate the cytotoxic effects of a hydromethanolic extract obtained from cembran pine needles in HeLa cell line. In this respect, the effects of needle extract on protein synthesis, viability, proliferation and cell cycle in HeLa cells were evaluated after 48 h treatment. Cembran pine needle extract dose-dependently decreased protein synthesis in HeLa cells causing 44.26% reduction in protein synthesis at 100µg/ml. At 25, 50 and 100µg/ml, it increased cell death in comparison with the control (20.99%, 21.49% and 23.63%, respectively vs. 9.83%). In addition, at 100µg/ml, cembran pine needle extract showed a remarkable antiproliferative effect whereas at 25 and 50µg/ml, it induced sub-G1 phase cells accumulation (11.68 ± 0.81% and 14.69 ± 0.56%, respectively in comparison with control, 6.03 ± 0.55%), an indicator of proapoptotic effects. Taken together, these results indicate that cembran pine needles are a source of compounds with antitumor potential which needs to be further investigated and exploited.

Modification of the cell surface by the methods of nanoarchitectonics allows changing the physical and chemical properties of cells. Thus, it is possible to get imprinted colloid particles based on template cells that are able to recognize and selectively attach to cells. Application of nanomaterials in the inorganic coating composition expands their biomedical potential. For example, doping of cell imprints with magnetic nanoparticles allows manipulating the cells associated with shell fragments by the external magnetic field. In this work, we developed colloidal cell imprints based on silicon dioxide doped with iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles capable of binding to HeLa cells. The method of chemical coprecipitation was used to synthesize iron oxide magnetic nanoparticles. The hydrodynamic size and ζ-potential of nanoparticles were measured by the dynamic light scattering method. The morphology of magnetic nanoparticles was analyzed with the help of transmission electron microscopy and dark-field microscopy. The sol-gel process was used to coat HeLa cells by silicic acid derivatives doped with magnetic nanoparticles. Coating formation on cells was observed with scanning electron microscopy. Colloid cell imprints were obtained after the breakage of the inorganic coating by the ultrasonic treatment. Subsequently, colloid particles were cultivated with the HeLa cell line and observed with bright-field microscopy. Additionally, the morphology of the coating and cell imprints was visualized by the atomic force microscopy. Spherical magnetic nanoparticles with a diameter of about 110 nm were obtained. Silica coating formation on the HeLa cells was demonstrated. Furthermore, it was established that colloid imprints obtained after the decomposition of the silica-based shell are capable of binding to cells. Therefore, we successfully manipulated the cells coated with the silica-based shell doped with magnetic nanoparticles.

In this study, the synthesis, characterization and thermal properties of poly(N-cyclohexylacrylamide) polymer/organoclay-based nanocomposites were investigated by in situ polymerization. FTIR, XRD, SEM and TGA techniques have been used in the characterization of nanomaterials and whether they are exfoliated or intercalated has been investigated. It was determined from XRD and SEM measurements that the morphology of nanocomposites was exfoliated when the clay content in the polymer matrix was kept at 3% and 5%. From thermal analysis, a positive correlation was observed between the clay ratio and thermal stability of nanomaterials. Furthermore, in vitro anticancer efficacy against HeLa cell has been studied and reported by 2,3-bis(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-5-[(phenylamino)carbonyl]-2H-tetrazolium hydroxide assay. According to the findings, nanocomposites have been successfully synthesized and characterized and their cytotoxic properties have been proven by in vitro study. However, the potential of these nanocomposites as a drug delivery system is needed to be validated and proved in vivo studies in further research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This research predicts the anticancer activity on the Hela cell line of new flavonoid kaempferol-3-O-methyl ether isolating from rhizome Zingiber zerumbet SM by using the spectrum data activity relationship (QSDAR) models. This model has been developed for a set of 3-aminoflavonoids based on the simulated-spectral data 13C NMR and 15O NMR resulting from the semi-empirical quantum chemical calculations TNDO/2 SCF. The atomic sites O¹, O11, C², C³, C6, C7, and C2' in the QSDAR models significantly contribute to anticancer activity resulting from the Genetic algorithm (GA). The best regression model QSDARMLR with the values R² train of 0.9057 and R² test of 0.7137, and the neural network model QSDARANN I(7)-HL(9)-O(1) with the values R² train of 0.993 and R2 pred of 0.971 have been explored to predict the anticancer activities on Hela cell line for new flavonoid kaempferol-3-O-methyl ether from rhizome Zingiber zerumbet SM in Viet Nam. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The photo catalytic degradation, a proven chemical process used for the decontamination of organic/inorganic pollutants and microorganisms in water was implemented. In this work for the selective killing of cervical cancer cells (HeLa cells) by using nano-composite of ZnO (Zinc Oxcide), WO3 (tungsten oxide) and (n-WO3/ZnO) as a photo-catalyst under the irradiation of visible light. All the three nanostructured semiconducting materials (WO3, ZnO and n-WO3/ZnO) were synthesized by facile chemical precipitation method and their morphological and optical characterization studies were carried out to elucidate the observed enhancement in the photo-catalytic killing of HeLa cancer cells with n-WO3/ZnO as a photo-catalyst. After 60 min of photo-catalytic reaction with n-WO3/ZnO as a photo-catalyst, a survival viability of HeLa cancer cells as low as 15% was achieved (nearly 85% of killing), as compared to 65% of HeLa cancer cell survival viability (nearly 35% of killing) with individual use of WO3 and ZnO as photo-catalysts under the same irradiation and experimental conditions. This improved photo-catalytic killing of HeLa cancer cells using n-WO3/ZnO in the visible spectral region is attributed to the enhanced visible light absorption and reduced electron hole recombination, characteristically brought about in the n-WO3/ZnO composite material. As photo-catalytic killing of the cancer cells can be selective, localized and reasonably efficient, in principle, this method can be considered as a non-invasive targeted treatment option for killing any type of cancer cells. HeLa cells, in particular are the cervical cancer cell and the tumors in and around cervix, containing HeLa cells can be non-surgically accessed and photo-catalytically treated with appropriate photo-catalyst and light source.

Context: Liquid crystalline gel, self-assembled vesicular systems covered with nonionic surfactants, are promising for use in drug delivery. Aims: To develop and evaluate the liquid crystal (LC) systems of a combination of 5-fluorouracil and curcumin for a cervical cancer cell line. Methods: The LC was formulated using water, surfactant, and glycerin. Optimization was carried out by using different surfactants. The formulations were chosen for various studies, such as pH determination, environmental scanning electron microscopy (eSEM), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and dissolution study. The synergism of the combination of 5-FU and curcumin on cervical cancer HeLa cell line was then analyzed using CompuSyn software. Results: The formulations with 60% surfactant, the average particle size was in the ranges from 15.68 – 26.35 nm whereas with 40% surfactant, were 11.27 – 21.35 nm. The percentage of dissolution of 5-FU at pH 7 (PBS) A2: 40.23 > B2: 47.39 > X2: 50.36 > Y2: 56.36 compared to at pH 4 (vaginal simulated fluid, VSF) were A2: 36.23 > B2: 43.64 > X2: 45.67 > Y2: 49.01. The percentage of dissolution of curcumin of different formulations were at pH 7 (PBS) A2: 44.85 > B2: 51.36 > X2: 58.61 > Y2: 64.38 compared to at pH 4 (VSF) were A2: 41.03 > B2: 49.37 > X2: 57.85 > Y2: 68.75. Conclusions: The combination of the drugs showed that there was a synergistic effect when it was being administered together. The combination of drugs in LC system had a sustained release as well as it was effective against cervical cancer HeLa cell line.

The purpose of this research was to investigate the possible antibacterial, antifungal, antioxidant, and anticancer effects of nickel (Ni2+)-doped hydroxyapatite (HAp) nanoparticles (NPs) synthesized using the sol–gel approach. X-ray powder diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), Raman spectroscopy (Raman), field-emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), and elemental analysis were used to characterize the Ni2+-doped HApNPs. X-ray diffraction investigation showed that the nanoscale structure of Ni2+-doped HApNPs was hexagonal, with an average crystallite size of 39.91 nm. Ni2+-doped HApNPs were found to be almost spherical in form and 40–50 nm in size, as determined by FESEM analysis. According to EDAX, the atomic percentages of Ca, O, P, and Ni were 20.93, 65.21, 13.32, and 0.55, respectively. Ni2+-doped HApNPs exhibited substantial antibacterial properties when tested in vitro against several pathogens, including Escherichia coli, Shigella flexneri, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, and Staphylococcus aureus. Antibacterial activity, at 50 mg tested concentration, demonstrated superior effects on G-ve bacteria than G+ve pathogens. The antifungal activity of Oidium caricae, Aspergillus flavus, and A. niger revealed a zone of inhibition of 23, 11, and 5 mm, respectively. These actions rely on the organism’s cell wall structure, size, and shape. Incorporating Ni2+ into HApNPs allows them to function as powerful antioxidants. Ni2+-doped HApNPs had a good cytotoxic impact against the HeLa cell line, which improved with increasing concentration and was detected at a 68.81 µg/mL dosage. According to the findings of this study, the Ni2+-doped HApNPs are extremely promising biologically active candidates owing to their improved functional features.

Thyme essential oil (TEO) was extracted from dried leaves of Thymus vulgaris. The air-dried aerial parts of the plant produced 1.0% yield of TEO. The detection of this essential oil‟s compounds was performed by GC-MASS. The cytotoxic activity of TEO was evaluated against two human cancer cell lines, namely HeLa (human epithelial cervical cancer) and MCF-7 (human breast carcinoma). Cells grown in 96 multi-well plates were treated with six concentrations of EO (6.25, 12.5, 25, 50, 100, 200 ppm) and incubated at 37 °C for 72 hrs. Cancer cell lines elicited various degrees of sensitivity to the cytotoxic effect of essential oil. The TEO exhibited significant differences (p≤ 0.01) between the effects of all concentrations against these two human cell lines. The results showed the highest toxicity of TEO on HeLa cell line (78.67%) and MCF-7 cell line (83.60%) at 200 ppm concentration. Also the values of half-maximal inhibitory concentration (IC50) of TEO against HeLa and MCF-7 cell lines were 34.63 and 27.66 ppm, respectively. Cells treated with the IC50 of TEO showed a significant difference (p ≤ 0.01) in p53 fold expression between HeLa cell line (4.33±0.41 folds) and MCF-7 cell line (5.10±0.32 folds). In general, a dose-dependent decrease the survival of the two cell lines was observed. In addition, MCF-7 cell line revealed higher sensitivity against TEO than HeLa cell line. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Due to the limited number of drugs in current clinical use, the diverse biological applications of furan have encouraged the preparation of a wide variety of thiosemicarbazide and triazole derivatives for the purpose of developing new drug agents. This study aimed to investigate the antiproliferative and antioxidant activities of thiosemicarbazides (1–12) and 1,2,4-triazoles (13–24). Out of the synthesized target compounds, 3, 4, 6, 7, 8, 9, 10, 11, 12, 15, 16, 18, 19, 20, 21, 22, 23, and 24 are novel while the synthesis of the remaining compounds is present in the literature. Compound 15 (IC50: 8.81 ± 0.28 µM) showed the highest antiproliferative activity against the cervical (HeLa) cancer cell line among the compounds. In the lipid peroxidation inhibitory activity, thiosemicarbazide derivatives 3, 10, and 9 showed highest activity with IC50 of 21.80 ± 0.69, 26.49 ± 0.61, and 29.07 ± 0.52 µM, respectively, while triazole derivatives 15, 18, 19, 20, 21, and 22 exhibited the highest activity. Moreover, physicochemical properties, pharmacokinetic properties, and drug-likeness of all synthesized products were calculated using SwissADME. In addition, the effect of the structure–activity relationships of the 1,2,4-triazole derivatives (13–24) on the results of antiproliferative and antioxidant activity assays was evaluated. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The deployment of biological resources for the synthesis of nanoparticles of metals and metal oxides is the latest addition to green chemistry. The present work describes the use of aqueous stem extracts of Aristolochia indica and Indigofera tinctoria for the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles (Ag and Au NPs). The synthesized NPs were characterized by UV–Vis., FT-IR, TEM, XRD and EDAX analyzes. The antioxidant activities of functionalized Ag and Au NPs were studied by the DPPH method and the nanoparticles showed greater antioxidant activity than that of the extract; AgNPs synthesized by A. indica showed antioxidant activity of 84%. The in vitro cytotoxicity of the Ag and Au NPs was assessed by the MTT assay method using the HeLa cell line and the NPs synthesized by A. indica showed nearly 100% toxicity. DNA binding capacity was investigated using calf thymus-DNA by UV–Vis spectra, the hyperchromism shift inferred the groove binding of nanoparticles and the binding constants (1.66 × 107 and 1.06 × 107 and 0.77 × 107 and 1.59 × 107 M−1 for the NPs of Ag and Au synthesized by A. indica and I. tinctoria respectively) indicate a high potential of these nanoparticles for the administration of drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]