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Objective: The present study investigated the antifungal action of dexamethasone disodium phosphate (Dex). Methodology: Susceptibility testing was performed using the Clinical & Laboratory Standards Institute protocol; M27-A3, checkerboard test and biofilm were evaluated with two isolates of Candida albicans, hyphal production test, molecular docking analysis and flow cytometry analysis. Result: Dex and fluconazole (FLC) together had a synergistic effect. Mature biofilm was reduced when treated with Dex alone or in combination. Dex and FLC promoted a decrease in the production of hyphae and changes in the level of mitochondrial depolarization, increased generation of reactive oxygen species, loss of membrane integrity, increased phosphatidylserine externalization and molecular docking; there was interaction with ALS3 and SAP5 targets. Conclusion: Dex showed antifungal activity against FLC-resistant C. albicans strains.

Aims: To evaluate the antifungal effect of dobutamine against Candida glabrata as well as its synergism with azoles and its action on biofilm. Methods: The M27-A3 protocol and flow cytometry were used for elucidation of the possible mechanism of action. Results: The tested isolates presented MICs ranging from 2 to 32 μg/ml for dobutamine, with fungistatic effect. A total of 82% of the strains showed synergism with fluconazole, with 90% showing synergism with itraconazole. The effect on biofilm formation was nonsignificant. Cytometry tests showed that dobutamine induced mitochondrial depolarization. Conclusion: Dobutamine has an antifungal effect on strains of C. glabrata and synergistic activity with azoles. This effect is probably mediated by increased oxidative damage to the membrane.

Aim: To evaluate the activity of diclofenac sodium and synergism with oxacillin against clinical strains of SARM in plactonic cells, antibiofilm and biofilm. Materials & methods: Synergism activity was assessed using the fractional inhibitory concentration index and its possible mechanism of action by flow cytometry. Results: The synergistic activity of diclofenac sodium with oxacillin was observed against plactonic cells, antibiofilm and in biofilm formed from clinical methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus strains. Conclusion: This combination caused damage to the integrity of the membrane and ruptures in the DNA of the cells, leading to apoptosis.

The emergence of Candida spp. with resistance to antifungal molecules, mainly the azole class, is an increasing complication in hospitals around the globe. Aim: In the present research, we evaluated the synergistic effects of ketamine with two azole derivatives, itraconazole and fluconazole, on strains of Candida spp. to fluconazole. Materials & methods: The drug synergy was evaluated by quantifying the fractional inhibitory concentration index and by fluorescence microscopy and flow cytometry techniques. Results: Our achievements showed a synergistic effect between ketamine in addition to the two antifungal agents (fluconazole and itraconazole) against planktonic cells and biofilms of Candida spp. Conclusion: This combination promoted alteration of membrane integrity, generation of reactive oxygen species, damage to and DNA and externalization of phosphatidylserine.

O presente artigo examina a contribuição da revista Martín Fierro para a consolidação do campo artístico, especialmente o das vanguardas, na Argentina, durante a década de 1920. Os textos sobre artes plásticas e as reproduções de obras na publicação permitem traçar um panorama da produção artística no período e perceber as interpretações e o impacto da arte de vanguarda no público de Buenos Aires. Pretende-se compreender como se dá a recepção da arte moderna pelos argentinos, o papel pedagógico assumido por Martín Fierro de ensinar o público a apreciar e entender essa arte, além de suas iniciativas para promover artistas, espaços e instituições.

Aim: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of etomidate alone and in combination with azoles on resistant strains of Candida spp. in both planktonic cells and biofilms. Materials & methods: The antifungal activity of etomidate was assessed by the broth microdilution test; flow cytometric procedures to measure fungal viability, mitochondrial transmembrane potential, free radical generation and cell death; as well detection of DNA damage using the comet assay. The interaction between etomidate and antifungal drugs (itraconazole and fluconazole) was evaluated by the checkerboard assay. Results: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against resistant strains of Candida spp. in planktonic cells and biofilms. Etomidate also presented synergism with fluconazole and itraconazole in planktonic cells and biofilms. Conclusion: Etomidate showed antifungal activity against Candida spp., indicating that it is a possible therapeutic alternative.

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Esta tese procura fazer uma análise comparativa entre duas revistas de vanguarda que circulam durante a década de 1920 no Brasil e na Argentina: a Revista de Antropofagia e a Martín Fierro. Procura-se examinar, nos dois periódicos, como se dá e é desenvolvida a tensão entre uma orientação cosmopolita e uma tentativa de identificar e promover as características mais autênticas das duas nações. As revistas são examinadas segundo suas características paratextuais, além de seu conteúdo, traçando-se uma análise em que texto, paratexto e contexto são imprescindíveis para entender as propostas ao mesmo tempo nacionalistas e cosmopolitas das vanguardas antropófaga e martinfierrista. This thesis aimes to elaborate a comparative analysis between two avantgarde magazines that circulated in 1920 in Brazil and Argentina: Revista de Antropofagia and Martín Fierro. We try to examinate, in both periodicals, how it is developed a tension between a cosmopolite orientation and the trial of identifying and promoting the most authentic characteristics of each one of the nations. The magazines are examined in their paratextual characteristics, writing an analysis in with text, paratext and context are studied together to understand the proposals at the same time nationalistic and cosmopolites from the avant-garde magazines.

The isolates of Candida spp. and Cryptococcus neoformans were inhibited by curcumin, with different degrees of inhibition among species, with MICs ranging from 8-64 μg/mL. After exposure of the C. albicans strains to curcumin, it was observed a decrease in the number of viable cells and damage to cell membranes, the mitochondrial function of C. albicans cells appears to be affected after exposure to curcumin. Our data suggest that after exposure to curcumin, C. albicans cells showed total strand breaks in the DNA, where the nuclear DNA fragmentation was evident in the comet assay. Oxidative damage to DNA was verified by the alkaline comet assay in the presence of Fpg, where it was observed an increase in DNA migration of cells that were treated with curcumin. Based on the characteristics of cell death observed, it is raised the hypothesis that curcumin seems to exert its antifungal activity at specific sites near the DNA, resulting in cell death by apoptosis.

O presente estudo tem como objeto de análise a construção da identidade nacional tal como foi proposta por dois dos mais destacados grupos modernistas do Brasil o Verdeamarelo/Anta e a Antropofagia , cujo período de atuação se deu entre 1926 e 1929. Tendo em vista a importância da presença desses grupos na memória histórico-cultural do país, empreendeu-se, por meio de um viés comparativista, umarevisão da crítica e da historiografia canônicas existentes sobre os referidos grupos. A partir da concepção estética, de nação e de identidade nacional formulada por ambos, buscou-se refletir sobre os pontos comuns e as divergências entre o Verdeamarelo/Anta e a Antropofagia. Para isto, foram analisados textos produzidos pelos próprios integrantes dos dois grupos modernistas e por outros intelectuais que se debruçaram sobre o ideário dos verdeamarelos e dos antropófagos, posteriormente. Assim, verificou-se o caráter pedagógico do discurso modernista presente nas narrativas verdeamarelas e antropofágicas, as quais buscaram definir as linhas constitutivas dos sujeitos nacionais e o percurso histórico desses sujeitos no espaço-tempo da nação. Espaço pensado de modo a evitar as fragmentações regionalistas e tempo projetado em suas várias dimensões. Assentadas nesses elementos basilares, as narrativas modernistas aqui focalizadas se pautaram pela afirmação do que é nacional em termos de arte e literatura e, em última instância, do que é ser brasileiro. The objective of the investigation is an analysis of the national identity of two of the most important modernists` groups of Brazil: verdeamarelo/Anta and Antropofagia. They were predominantly active within the period of 1926 and 1929. In view of these groups influence on the historical and cultural memory of the country, a review of the canonical critics and historiography about these groups was undertaken by means of a comparative analysis. Verdeamarelo/Tapir and Antropofagia formulated concepts about aestetics, nation and national identity which have been researched. Mutual aspects as well as differences were found and discussed. Furthermore, texts have been analyzed which were produced by the participants of the two modernists groups and by other intellectuals who had leaned on the ideas of Verdeamarelo/Tapir and Antropofagia. Based on that, the pedagogical character of the modernist speech in the narratives of verdeamarelo/Tapir and Antropofagia was verified. Both groups worked on a definition of the people and their historical transformation depending on time and location. Their approach was focused on avoiding regional fragments and times being projected in different dimensions. Based on the fundamental elements of people, location and time, the modernists narratives defined what nationality means in terms of art and literature and, in the last instance, what it means to be Brazilian.