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1. Modelling the underlying event in photon-initiated processes

Author

Butterworth, J. M., Helenius, I. M., Castella, J. J. Juan, Pattengale, B., Sanjrani, S., and Wing, M.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

Modelling the underlying event in high-energy hadronic collisions is important for physics at colliders. This includes lepton colliders, where low-virtuality photons accompanying the lepton beam(s) may develop hadronic structure. Similarly, photon-induced collisions also occur in proton or heavy-ion beam experiments. While the underlying event in proton-proton collisions has been the subject of much study at the LHC, studies of hadronic-photon-induced underlying event are now of increasing interest in light of planned future lepton and lepton-hadron colliders, as well as the photon-induced processes in ultra-peripheral collisions at the LHC. Here we present an investigation of the underlying event in photon-initiated processes, starting from the PYTHIA models used to describe LHC and Tevatron data, and revisiting HERA and LEP2 data. While no single tune describes all the data with different beam configurations, we find that a good agreement can still be found within the same model by adjusting the relevant parameters separately for $\gamma\gamma$, $\gamma p$ and $pp$. This suggests that the basic model of multiparton interaction implemented in PYTHIA can be applied for different beam configurations. Furthermore, we find that a reasonable agreement for $\gamma\gamma$ and $\gamma p$ data, and for $pp$ data at an LHC reference energy, can be found within a single parametrization, but $pp$ collisions would prefer a stronger energy dependence, leading to too many multiparton interactions in lower energy photon-induced collisions. On this basis, we make some recommendations for simulations of photon-induced processes, such as $\gamma \gamma$ events at the LHC or FCC and $ep$ or $eA$ collisions at the EIC, and suggest possibilities for improvements in the modelling., Comment: 16 pages, 9 figures. To submit to SciPost

Published
2024

2. Les Houches 2023: Physics at TeV Colliders: Standard Model Working Group Report

Author

Andersen, J., Assi, B., Asteriadis, K., Azzurri, P., Barone, G., Behring, A., Benecke, A., Bhattacharya, S., Bothmann, E., Caletti, S., Chen, X., Chiesa, M., Cooper-Sarkar, A., Cridge, T., Gomez, A. Cueto, Datta, S., Dhani, P. K., Donega, M., Engel, T., Ravasio, S. Ferrario, Forte, S., Francavilla, P., Garzelli, M. V., Ghira, A., Ghosh, A., Giuli, F., Gouskos, L., Gras, P., Gütschow, C., Haddad, Y., Harland-Lang, L., Hekhorn, F., Helenius, I., Hinzmann, A., Höche, S., Holguin, J., Huss, A., Huston, J., Ježo, T., Jones, S., Kiebacher, S., Knobbe, M., Kogler, R., Köneke, K., Kunz, L., LeBlanc, M., Loch, P., Centeno, G. Loeschcke, Löschner, M., Maas, A., Magni, G., Maier, A., Marcoli, M., Marzani, S., McFayden, J., Meinzinger, P., Mikuni, V., Moch, S., Nadolsky, P., Napoletano, D., Pellen, M., Plätzer, S., Poncelet, R., Preuss, C., Qu, H., Rabbertz, K., Reichelt, D., Rescia, A., Roloff, J., Röntsch, R., Cruz, S. Sanchez, Sarkar, T., Scyboz, L., Sforza, F., Siódmok, A., Stagnitto, G., Tarek, A., Thorne, R. S., Valassi, A., Whitehead, J., Winter, J., Delaunay, C., Herrmann, B., and Re, E.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

This report presents a short summary of the activities of the "Standard Model" working group for the "Physics at TeV Colliders" workshop (Les Houches, France, 12-30 June, 2023)., Comment: Proceedings of the Standard Model Working Group of the 2023 Les Houches Workshop, Physics at TeV Colliders, Les Houches 12-30 June 2023. 48 pages

Published
2024

3. Snowmass 2021 White Paper: Electron Ion Collider for High Energy Physics

Author

Khalek, R. Abdul, D'Alesio, U., Arratia, M., Bacchetta, A., Battaglieri, M., Begel, M., Boglione, M., Boughezal, R., Boussarie, R., Bozzi, G., Chekanov, S. V., Celiberto, F. G., Chirilli, G., Cridge, T., Cruz-Torres, R., Corliss, R., Cotton, C., Davoudiasl, H., Deshpande, A., Dong, X., Emmert, A., Fazio, S., Forte, S., Furletova, Y., Gal, C., Gwenlan, C., Guzey, V., Harland-Lang, L. A., Helenius, I., Hentschinski, M., Hobbs, T. J., Hoeche, S., Hou, T. -J., Ji, Y., Jing, X., Kelsey, M., Klasen, M., Kang, Z. -B., Kovchegov, Y. V., Kumar, K. S., Lappi, T., Lee, K., Lee, Y. -J., Li, H. -T., Li, X., Lin, H. -W., Liu, H., Liu, Z. L., Liuti, S., Lorce, C., Lunghi, E., Marcarelli, R., Magill, S., Makris, Y., Mantry, S., Melnitchouk, W., Mezrag, C., Moch, S., Moutarde, H., Mukherjee, Swagato, Murgia, F., Nachman, B., Nadolsky, P. M., Nam, J. D., Neill, D., Neill, E. T., Nocera, E., Nycz, M., Olness, F., Petriello, F., Pitonyak, D., Platzer, S., Prestel, S., Prokudin, A., Qiu, J., Radici, M., Radhakrishnan, S., Sadofyev, A., Rojo, J., Ringer, F., Salazar, F., Sato, N., Schenke, B., Schlichting, S., Schweitzer, P., Sekula, S. J., Shao, D. Y., Sherrill, N., Sichtermann, E., Signori, A., Simsek, K., Simonelli, A., Sznajder, P., Tezgin, K., Thorne, R. S., Tricoli, A., Venugopalan, R., Vladimirov, A., Vicini, A., Vitev, I., Wiegand, D., Wong, C. -P., Xie, K., Zaccheddu, M., Zhao, Y., Zhang, J., Zheng, X., and Zurita, P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is a particle accelerator facility planned for construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island, New York by the United States Department of Energy. EIC will provide capabilities of colliding beams of polarized electrons with polarized beams of proton and light ions. EIC will be one of the largest and most sophisticated new accelerator facilities worldwide, and the only new large-scale accelerator facility planned for construction in the United States in the next few decades. The versatility, resolving power and intensity of EIC will present many new opportunities to address some of the crucial and fundamental open scientific questions in particle physics. This document provides an overview of the science case of EIC from the perspective of the high energy physics community., Comment: Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021)

Published
2022

4. Event Generators for High-Energy Physics Experiments

Author

Campbell, J. M., Diefenthaler, M., Hobbs, T. J., Höche, S., Isaacson, J., Kling, F., Mrenna, S., Reuter, J., Alioli, S., Andersen, J. R., Andreopoulos, C., Ankowski, A. M., Aschenauer, E. C., Ashkenazi, A., Baker, M. D., Barrow, J. L., van Beekveld, M., Bewick, G., Bhattacharya, S., Bierlich, C., Bothmann, E., Bredt, P., Broggio, A., Buckley, A., Butter, A., Butterworth, J. M., Byrne, E. P., Calame, C. M. Carloni, Chakraborty, S., Chen, X., Chiesa, M., Childers, J. T., Cruz-Martinez, J., Currie, J., Darvishi, N., Dasgupta, M., Denner, A., Dreyer, F. A., Dytman, S., El-Menoufi, B. K., Engel, T., Ravasio, S. Ferrario, Figueroa, D., Flower, L., Forshaw, J. R., Frederix, R., Friedland, A., Frixione, S., Gallagher, H., Gallmeister, K., Gardiner, S., Gauld, R., Gaunt, J., Gavardi, A., Gehrmann, T., Ridder, A. Gehrmann-De, Gellersen, L., Giele, W., Gieseke, S., Giuli, F., Glover, E. W. N., Grazzini, M., Grohsjean, A., Gütschow, C., Hamilton, K., Han, T., Hatcher, R., Heinrich, G., Helenius, I., Hen, O., Hirschi, V., Höfer, M., Holguin, J., Huss, A., Ilten, P., Jadach, S., Jentsch, A., Jones, S. P., Ju, W., Kallweit, S., Karlberg, A., Katori, T., Kerner, M., Kilian, W., Kirchgaeßer, M. M., Klein, S., Knobbe, M., Krause, C., Krauss, F., Lang, J., Lang, J. -N., Lee, G., Li, S. W., Lim, M. A., Lindert, J. M., Lombardi, D., Lönnblad, L., Löschner, M., Lurkin, N., Ma, Y., Machado, P., Magerya, V., Maier, A., Majer, I., Maltoni, F., Marcoli, M., Marinelli, G., Masouminia, M. R., Mastrolia, P., Mattelaer, O., Mazzitelli, J., McFayden, J., Medves, R., Meinzinger, P., Mo, J., Monni, P. F., Montagna, G., Morgan, T., Mosel, U., Nachman, B., Nadolsky, P., Nagar, R., Nagy, Z., Napoletano, D., Nason, P., Neumann, T., Nevay, L. J., Nicrosini, O., Niehues, J., Niewczas, K., Ohl, T., Ossola, G., Pandey, V., Papadopoulou, A., Papaefstathiou, A., Paz, G., Pellen, M., Pelliccioli, G., Peraro, T., Piccinini, F., Pickering, L., Pires, J., Płaczek, W., Plätzer, S., Plehn, T., Pozzorini, S., Prestel, S., Preuss, C. T., Price, A. C., Quackenbush, S., Re, E., Reichelt, D., Reina, L., Reuschle, C., Richardson, P., Rocco, M., Rocco, N., Roda, M., Garcia, A. Rodriguez, Roiser, S., Rojo, J., Rottoli, L., Salam, G. P., Schönherr, M., Schuchmann, S., Schumann, S., Schürmann, R., Scyboz, L., Seymour, M. H., Siegert, F., Signer, A., Chahal, G. Singh, Siódmok, A., Sjöstrand, T., Skands, P., Smillie, J. M., Sobczyk, J. T., Soldin, D., Soper, D. E., Soto-Ontoso, A., Soyez, G., Stagnitto, G., Tena-Vidal, J., Tomalak, O., Tramontano, F., Trojanowski, S., Tu, Z., Uccirati, S., Ullrich, T., Ulrich, Y., Utheim, M., Valassi, A., Verbytskyi, A., Verheyen, R., Wagman, M., Walker, D., Webber, B. R., Weinstein, L., White, O., Whitehead, J., Wiesemann, M., Wilkinson, C., Williams, C., Winterhalder, R., Wret, C., Xie, K., Yang, T-Z., Yazgan, E., Zanderighi, G., Zanoli, S., and Zapp, K.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

We provide an overview of the status of Monte-Carlo event generators for high-energy particle physics. Guided by the experimental needs and requirements, we highlight areas of active development, and opportunities for future improvements. Particular emphasis is given to physics models and algorithms that are employed across a variety of experiments. These common themes in event generator development lead to a more comprehensive understanding of physics at the highest energies and intensities, and allow models to be tested against a wealth of data that have been accumulated over the past decades. A cohesive approach to event generator development will allow these models to be further improved and systematic uncertainties to be reduced, directly contributing to future experimental success. Event generators are part of a much larger ecosystem of computational tools. They typically involve a number of unknown model parameters that must be tuned to experimental data, while maintaining the integrity of the underlying physics models. Making both these data, and the analyses with which they have been obtained accessible to future users is an essential aspect of open science and data preservation. It ensures the consistency of physics models across a variety of experiments., Comment: 164 pages, 10 figures, contribution to Snowmass 2021

Published
2022

5. The Large Hadron-Electron Collider at the HL-LHC

Author

Agostini, P., Aksakal, H., Alekhin, S., Allport, P. P., Andari, N., Andre, K. D. J., Angal-Kalinin, D., Antusch, S., Bella, L. Aperio, Apolinario, L., Apsimon, R., Apyan, A., Arduini, G., Ari, V., Armbruster, A., Armesto, N., Auchmann, B., Aulenbacher, K., Azuelos, G., Backovic, S., Bailey, I., Bailey, S., Balli, F., Behera, S., Behnke, O., Ben-Zvi, I., Benedikt, M., Bernauer, J., Bertolucci, S., Biswal, S. S., Blümlein, J., Bogacz, A., Bonvini, M., Boonekamp, M., Bordry, F., Boroun, G. R., Bottura, L., Bousson, S., Bouzas, A. O., Bracco, C., Bracinik, J., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Bruni, C., Brüning, O., Burkhardt, H., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Caldwell, A., Calıskan, A., Camarda, S., Catalan-Lasheras, N. C., Cassou, K., Cepila, J., Cetinkaya, V., Chetvertkova, V., Cole, B., Coleppa, B., Cooper-Sarkar, A., Cormier, E., Cornell, A. S., Corsini, R., Cruz-Alaniz, E., Currie, J., Curtin, D., D'Onofrio, M., Dainton, J., Daly, E., Das, A., Das, S. P., Dassa, L., de Blas, J., Rose, L. Delle, Denizli, H., Deshpande, K. S., Douglas, D., Duarte, L., Dupraz, K., Dutta, S., Efremov, A. V., Eichhorn, R., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Fischer, O., Flores-Sánchez, O., Forte, S., Gaddi, A., Gao, J., Gehrmann, T., Ridder, A. Gehrmann-De, Gerigk, F., Gilbert, A., Giuli, F., Glazov, A., Glover, N., Godbole, R. M., Goddard, B., Gonçalves, V., Gonzalez-Sprinberg, G. A., Goyal, A., Grames, J., Granados, E., Grassellino, A., Gunaydin, Y. O., Guo, Y. C., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Hammad, A., Han, C. C., Harland-Lang, L., Haug, F., Hautmann, F., Hayden, D., Hessler, J., Helenius, I., Henry, J., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., Hesari, H., Hobbs, T. J., Hod, N., Hoffstaetter, G. H., Holzer, B., Honorato, C. G., Hounsell, B., Hu, N., Hug, F., Huss, A., Hutton, A., Islam, R., Iwamoto, S., Jana, S., Jansova, M., Jensen, E., Jones, T., Jowett, J. M., Kaabi, W., Kado, M., Kalinin, D. A., Karadeniz, H., Kawaguchi, S., Kaya, U., Khalek, R. A., Khanpour, H., Kilic, A., Klein, M., Klein, U., Kluth, S., Köksal, M., Kocak, F., Korostelev, M., Kostka, P., Krelina, M., Kretzschmar, J., Kuday, S., Kulipanov, G., Kumar, M., Kuze, M., Lappi, T., Larios, F., Latina, A., Laycock, P., Lei, G., Levitchev, E., Levonian, S., Levy, A., Li, R., Li, X., Liang, H., Litvinenko, V., Liu, M., Liu, T., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liuti, S., Lobodzinska, E., Longuevergne, D., Luo, X., Ma, W., Machado, M., Mandal, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Marquet, C., Martens, A., Martin, R., Marzani, S., McFayden, J., Mcintosh, P., Mellado, B., Meot, F., Milanese, A., Milhano, J. G., Militsyn, B., Mitra, M., Moch, S., Najafabadi, M. Mohammadi, Mondal, S., Moretti, S., Morgan, T., Morreale, A., Nadolsky, P., Navarra, F., Nergiz, Z., Newman, P., Niehues, J., Nissen, E. A., Nowakowski, M., Okada, N., Olivier, G., Olness, F., Olry, G., Osborne, J. A., Ozansoy, A., Pan, R., Parker, B., Patra, M., Paukkunen, H., Peinaud, Y., Pellegrini, D., Perez-Segurana, G., Perini, D., Perrot, L., Pietralla, N., Pilicer, E., Pire, B., Pires, J., Placakyte, R., Poelker, M., Polifka, R., Polini, A., Poulose, P., Pownall, G., Pupkov, Y. A., Queiroz, F. S., Rabbertz, K., Radescu, V., Rahaman, R., Rai, S. K., Raicevic, N., Ratoff, P., Rashed, A., Raut, D., Raychaudhuri, S., Repond, J., Rezaeian, A. H., Rimmer, R., Rinolfi, L., Rojo, J., Rosado, A., Ruan, X., Russenschuck, S., Sahin, M., Salgado, C. A., Sampayo, O. A., Satendra, K., Satyanarayan, N., Schenke, B., Schirm, K., Schopper, H., Schott, M., Schulte, D., Schwanenberger, C., Sekine, T., Senol, A., Seryi, A., Setiniyaz, S., Shang, L., Shen, X., Shipman, N., Sinha, N., Slominski, W., Smith, S., Solans, C., Song, M., Spiesberger, H., Stanyard, J., Starostenko, A., Stasto, A., Stocchi, A., Strikman, M., Stuart, M. J., Sultansoy, S., Sun, H., Sutton, M., Szymanowski, L., Tapan, I., Tapia-Takaki, D., Tanaka, M., Tang, Y., Tasci, A. T., Ten-Kate, A. T., Thonet, P., Tomas-Garcia, R., Tommasini, D., Trbojevic, D., Trott, M., Tsurin, I., Tudora, A., Cakir, I. Turk, Tywoniuk, K., Vallerand, C., Valloni, A., Verney, D., Vilella, E., Walker, D., Wallon, S., Wang, B., Wang, K., Wang, X., Wang, Z. S., Wei, H., Welsch, C., Willering, G., Williams, P. H., Wollmann, D., Xiaohao, C., Xu, T., Yaguna, C. E., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, H., Yilmaz, A., Yock, P., Yue, C. X., Zadeh, S. G., Zenaiev, O., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Zhang, R., Zhang, Z., Zhu, G., Zhu, S., Zimmermann, F., Zomer, F., Zurita, J., and Zurita, P.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The Large Hadron electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High Luminosity--Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operation. This report represents an update of the Conceptual Design Report (CDR) of the LHeC, published in 2012. It comprises new results on parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics in extending the accessible kinematic range in lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to enhanced luminosity, large energy and the cleanliness of the hadronic final states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, the report represents a detailed updated design of the energy recovery electron linac (ERL) including new lattice, magnet, superconducting radio frequency technology and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described and the lower energy, high current, 3-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution and calibration goals which arise from the Higgs and parton density function physics programmes. The paper also presents novel results on the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron mode, FCC-eh, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies., Comment: 373 pages, many figures, to be published by J. Phys. G

Published
2020
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6. Future physics opportunities for high-density QCD at the LHC with heavy-ion and proton beams

Author

Citron, Z., Dainese, A., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F., Jowett, J. M., Lee, Y. -J., Wiedemann, U. A., Winn, M., Andronic, A., Bellini, F., Bruna, E., Chapon, E., Dembinski, H., d'Enterria, D., Grabowska-Bold, I., Innocenti, G. M., Loizides, C., Mohapatra, S., Salgado, C. A., Verweij, M., Weber, M., Aichelin, J., Angerami, A., Apolinario, L., Arleo, F., Armesto, N., Arnaldi, R., Arslandok, M., Azzi, P., Bailhache, R., Bass, S. A., Bedda, C., Behera, N. K., Bellwied, R., Beraudo, A., Bi, R., Bierlich, C., Blum, K., Borissov, A., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bruce, R., Bruno, G. E., Bufalino, S., Castellanos, J. Castillo, Chatterjee, R., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheshkov, C., Chujo, T., del Valle, Z. Conesa, Nuno, J. G. Contreras, Mendez, L. Cunqueiro, Dahms, T., Dang, N. P., De la Torre, H., Dobrin, A. F., Doenigus, B., Van Doremalen, L., Du, X., Dubla, A., Dumancic, M., Dyndal, M., Fabbietti, L., Ferreiro, E. G., Fionda, F., Fleuret, F., Floerchinger, S., Giacalone, G., Giammanco, A., Gossiaux, P. B., Graziani, G., Greco, V., Grelli, A., Grosa, F., Guilbaud, M., Gunji, T., Guzey, V., Hadjidakis, C., Hassani, S., He, M., Helenius, I., Huo, P., Jacobs, P. M., Janus, P., Jebramcik, M. A., Jia, J., Kalweit, A. P., Kim, H., Klasen, M., Klein, S. R., Klusek-Gawenda, M., Konyushikhin, M., Kremer, J., Krintiras, G. K., Krizek, F., Kryshen, E., Kurkela, A., Kusina, A., Lansberg, J. -P., Lea, R., van Leeuwen, M., Li, W., Margutti, J., Marin, A., Marquet, C., Blanco, J. Martin, Massacrier, L., Mastroserio, A., Maurice, E., Mayer, C., Mcginn, C., Milhano, G., Milov, A., Minissale, V., Mironov, C., Mischke, A., Mohammadi, N., Mulders, M., Murray, M., Narain, M., Di Nezza, P., Nisati, A., Noronha-Hostler, J., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Olness, F., Paakkinen, P., Pappalardo, L., Park, J., Paukkunen, H., Peng, C. C., Da Costa, H. Pereira, Perepelitsa, D. V., Peresunko, D., Peters, M., Pettersson, N. E., Piano, S., Pierog, T., Pires, J., Plumari, M. PS., Prino, F., Puccio, M., Rapp, R., Redlich, K., Reygers, K., Ristea, C. L., Robbe, P., Rossi, A., Rustamov, A., Rybar, M., Schaumann, M., Schenke, B., Schienbein, I., Schoeffel, L., Selyuzhenkov, I., Sickles, A. M., Sievert, M., Silva, P., Song, T., Spousta, M., Stachel, J., Steinberg, P., Stocco, D., Strickland, M., Strikman, M., Sun, J., Takaki, D. Tapia, Tatar, K., Terrevoli, C., Timmins, A., Trogolo, S., Trzeciak, B., Trzupek, A., Ulrich, R., Uras, A., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vujanovic, G., Wang, J., Wang, T. W., Xiao, R., Xu, Y., Zampolli, C., Zanoli, H., Zhou, M., and Zhou, Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

The future opportunities for high-density QCD studies with ion and proton beams at the LHC are presented. Four major scientific goals are identified: the characterisation of the macroscopic long wavelength Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties with unprecedented precision, the investigation of the microscopic parton dynamics underlying QGP properties, the development of a unified picture of particle production and QCD dynamics from small (pp) to large (nucleus--nucleus) systems, the exploration of parton densities in nuclei in a broad ($x$, $Q^2$) kinematic range and the search for the possible onset of parton saturation. In order to address these scientific goals, high-luminosity Pb-Pb and p-Pb programmes are considered as priorities for Runs 3 and 4, complemented by high-multiplicity studies in pp collisions and a short run with oxygen ions. High-luminosity runs with intermediate-mass nuclei, for example Ar or Kr, are considered as an appealing case for extending the heavy-ion programme at the LHC beyond Run 4. The potential of the High-Energy LHC to probe QCD matter with newly-available observables, at twice larger center-of-mass energies than the LHC, is investigated., Comment: 209 pages; Report from Working Group 5 of the Workshop on the Physics of the CERN HL-LHC, and Perspectives at the HE-LHC (v2: Minor updates to text and figures. Added one author.)

Published
2018

7. Predictions for Cold Nuclear Matter Effects in $p+$Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 8.16$ TeV

Author

Albacete, J. L., Arleo, F., Barnaföldi, G. G., Bíró, G., d'Enterria, D., Ducloué, B., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Gyulassy, M., Harangozó, S. M., Helenius, I., Kang, Z. -B., Kotko, P., Kulagin, S. A., Kutak, K., Lansberg, J. P., Lappi, T., Lévai, P., Lin, Z. W., Ma, G., Ma, Y. -Q., Mäntysaari, H., Paukkunen, H., Papp, G., Petti, R., Rezaeian, A. H., Ru, P., Sapeta, S., Schenke, B., Schlichting, S., Shao, H. S., Tribedy, P., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vogt, R., Wang, E., Wang, X. -N., Xing, H., Xu, R., Zhang, B. -W., Zhang, H. -F., and Zhang, W. -N.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology
Abstract

Predictions for cold nuclear matter effects on charged hadrons, identified light hadrons, quarkonium and heavy flavor hadrons, Drell-Yan dileptons, jets, photons, gauge bosons and top quarks produced in $p+$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 8.16$ TeV are compiled and, where possible, compared to each other. Predictions of the normalized ratios of $p+$Pb to $p+p$ cross sections are also presented for most of the observables, providing new insights into the expected role of cold nuclear matter effects. In particular, the role of nuclear parton distribution functions on particle production can now be probed over a wider range of phase space than ever before., Comment: 84 pages, 44 figures, version accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A

Published
2017
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8. Physics Behind Precision

Author

Azzi, P., Azzurri, P., Biswas, S., Blekman, F., Corcella, G., De Curtis, S., Erler, J., Foppiani, N., Helenius, I., Jadach, S., Janot, P., Jegerlehner, F., Langacker, P., Locci, E., Margaroli, F., Mele, B., Piccinini, F., Reuter, J., Steinhauser, M., Tenchini, R., Vos, M., and Zhang, C.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment
Abstract

This document provides a writeup of contributions to the FCC-ee mini-workshop on "Physics behind precision" held at CERN, on 2-3 February 2016., Comment: https://indico.cern.ch/event/469561/

Published
2017

9. Predictions for $p+$Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5$ TeV: Comparison with Data

Author

Albacete, J. L., Arleo, F., Barnafoldi, G. G., Barrette, J., Deng, W. -T., Dumitru, A., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Fleuret, F., Fujii, H., Gyulassy, M., Harangozi, S. M., Helenius, I., Kang, Z., Kotko, P., Kutak, K., Lansberg, J. -P., Levai, P., Lin, Z. -W., Nara, Y., Rakotozafindrabe, A., Papp, G., Paukkunen, H., Peigne, S., Petrovici, M., Qiu, J. -W., Rezaeian, A. H., Ru, P., Sapeta, S., Pop, V. Topor, Vitev, I., Vogt, R., Wang, E., Wang, X. -N., Xing, H., Xu, R., Zhang, B. -W., and Zhang, W. -N.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Predictions made in Albacete {\it et al} prior to the LHC $p+$Pb run at $\sqrt{s_{NN}} = 5$ TeV are compared to currently available data. Some predictions shown here have been updated by including the same experimental cuts as the data. Some additional predictions are also presented, especially for quarkonia, that were provided to the experiments before the data were made public but were too late for the original publication are also shown here., Comment: 55 pages 35 figures

Published
2016
Full Text
View/download PDF

10. The Large Hadron–Electron Collider at the HL-LHC

Author

Agostini, P, Aksakal, H, Alekhin, S, Allport, P P, Andari, N, Andre, K D J, Angal-Kalinin, D, Antusch, S, Aperio Bella, L, Apolinario, L, Apsimon, R, Apyan, A, Arduini, G, Ari, V, Armbruster, A, Armesto, N, Auchmann, B, Aulenbacher, K, Azuelos, G, Backovic, S, Bailey, I, Bailey, S, Balli, F, Behera, S, Behnke, O, Ben-Zvi, I, Benedikt, M, Bernauer, J, Bertolucci, S, Biswal, S S, Blümlein, J, Bogacz, A, Bonvini, M, Boonekamp, M, Bordry, F, Boroun, G R, Bottura, L, Bousson, S, Bouzas, A O, Bracco, C, Bracinik, J, Britzger, D, Brodsky, S J, Bruni, C, Brüning, O, Burkhardt, H, Cakir, O, Calaga, R, Caldwell, A, Calıskan, A, Camarda, S, Catalan-Lasheras, N C, Cassou, K, Cepila, J, Cetinkaya, V, Chetvertkova, V, Cole, B, Coleppa, B, Cooper-Sarkar, A, Cormier, E, Cornell, A S, Corsini, R, Cruz-Alaniz, E, Currie, J, Curtin, D, D’Onofrio, M, Dainton, J, Daly, E, Das, A, Das, S P, Dassa, L, de Blas, J, Delle Rose, L, Denizli, H, Deshpande, K S, Douglas, D, Duarte, L, Dupraz, K, Dutta, S, Efremov, A V, Eichhorn, R, Eskola, K J, Ferreiro, E G, Fischer, O, Flores-Sánchez, O, Forte, S, Gaddi, A, Gao, J, Gehrmann, T, Gehrmann-De Ridder, A, Gerigk, F, Gilbert, A, Giuli, F, Glazov, A, Glover, N, Godbole, R M, Goddard, B, Gonçalves, V, Gonzalez-Sprinberg, G A, Goyal, A, Grames, J, Granados, E, Grassellino, A, Gunaydin, Y O, Guo, Y C, Guzey, V, Gwenlan, C, Hammad, A, Han, C C, Harland-Lang, L, Haug, F, Hautmann, F, Hayden, D, Hessler, J, Helenius, I, Henry, J, Hernandez-Sanchez, J, Hesari, H, Hobbs, T J, Hod, N, Hoffstaetter, G H, Holzer, B, Honorato, C G, Hounsell, B, Hu, N, Hug, F, Huss, A, Hutton, A, Islam, R, Iwamoto, S, Jana, S, Jansova, M, Jensen, E, Jones, T, Jowett, J M, Kaabi, W, Kado, M, Kalinin, D A, Karadeniz, H, Kawaguchi, S, Kaya, U, Khalek, R A, Khanpour, H, Kilic, A, Klein, M, Klein, U, Kluth, S, Köksal, M, Kocak, F, Korostelev, M, Kostka, P, Krelina, M, Kretzschmar, J, Kuday, S, Kulipanov, G, Kumar, M, Kuze, M, Lappi, T, Larios, F, Latina, A, Laycock, P, Lei, G, Levitchev, E, Levonian, S, Levy, A, Li, R, Li, X, Liang, H, Litvinenko, V, Liu, M, Liu, T, Liu, W, Liu, Y, Liuti, S, Lobodzinska, E, Longuevergne, D, Luo, X, Ma, W, Machado, M, Mandal, S, Mäntysaari, H, Marhauser, F, Marquet, C, Martens, A, Martin, R, Marzani, S, McFayden, J, Mcintosh, P, Mellado, B, Meot, F, Milanese, A, Milhano, J G, Militsyn, B, Mitra, M, Moch, S, Mohammadi Najafabadi, M, Mondal, S, Moretti, S, Morgan, T, Morreale, A, Nadolsky, P, Navarra, F, Nergiz, Z, Newman, P, Niehues, J, Nissen, E A, Nowakowski, M, Okada, N, Olivier, G, Olness, F, Olry, G, Osborne, J A, Ozansoy, A, Pan, R, Parker, B, Patra, M, Paukkunen, H, Peinaud, Y, Pellegrini, D, Perez-Segurana, G, Perini, D, Perrot, L, Pietralla, N, Pilicer, E, Pire, B, Pires, J, Placakyte, R, Poelker, M, Polifka, R, Polini, A, Poulose, P, Pownall, G, Pupkov, Y A, Queiroz, F S, Rabbertz, K, Radescu, V, Rahaman, R, Rai, S K, Raicevic, N, Ratoff, P, Rashed, A, Raut, D, Raychaudhuri, S, Repond, J, Rezaeian, A H, Rimmer, R, Rinolfi, L, Rojo, J, Rosado, A, Ruan, X, Russenschuck, S, Sahin, M, Salgado, C A, Sampayo, O A, Satendra, K, Satyanarayan, N, Schenke, B, Schirm, K, Schopper, H, Schott, M, Schulte, D, Schwanenberger, C, Sekine, T, Senol, A, Seryi, A, Setiniyaz, S, Shang, L, Shen, X, Shipman, N, Sinha, N, Slominski, W, Smith, S, Solans, C, Song, M, Spiesberger, H, Stanyard, J, Starostenko, A, Stasto, A, Stocchi, A, Strikman, M, Stuart, M J, Sultansoy, S, Sun, H, Sutton, M, Szymanowski, L, Tapan, I, Tapia-Takaki, D, Tanaka, M, Tang, Y, Tasci, A T, Ten-Kate, A T, Thonet, P, Tomas-Garcia, R, Tommasini, D, Trbojevic, D, Trott, M, Tsurin, I, Tudora, A, Turk Cakir, I, Tywoniuk, K, Vallerand, C, Valloni, A, Verney, D, Vilella, E, Walker, D, Wallon, S, Wang, B, Wang, K, Wang, X, Wang, Z S, Wei, H, Welsch, C, Willering, G, Williams, P H, Wollmann, D, Xiaohao, C, Xu, T, Yaguna, C E, Yamaguchi, Y, Yamazaki, Y, Yang, H, Yilmaz, A, Yock, P, Yue, C X, Zadeh, S G, Zenaiev, O, Zhang, C, Zhang, J, Zhang, R, Zhang, Z, Zhu, G, Zhu, S, Zimmermann, F, Zomer, F, Zurita, J, Zurita, P, Agostini, P, Aksakal, H, Alekhin, S, Allport, P P, Andari, N, Andre, K D J, Angal-Kalinin, D, Antusch, S, Aperio Bella, L, Apolinario, L, Apsimon, R, Apyan, A, Arduini, G, Ari, V, Armbruster, A, Armesto, N, Auchmann, B, Aulenbacher, K, Azuelos, G, Backovic, S, Bailey, I, Bailey, S, Balli, F, Behera, S, Behnke, O, Ben-Zvi, I, Benedikt, M, Bernauer, J, Bertolucci, S, Biswal, S S, Blümlein, J, Bogacz, A, Bonvini, M, Boonekamp, M, Bordry, F, Boroun, G R, Bottura, L, Bousson, S, Bouzas, A O, Bracco, C, Bracinik, J, Britzger, D, Brodsky, S J, Bruni, C, Brüning, O, Burkhardt, H, Cakir, O, Calaga, R, Caldwell, A, Calıskan, A, Camarda, S, Catalan-Lasheras, N C, Cassou, K, Cepila, J, Cetinkaya, V, Chetvertkova, V, Cole, B, Coleppa, B, Cooper-Sarkar, A, Cormier, E, Cornell, A S, Corsini, R, Cruz-Alaniz, E, Currie, J, Curtin, D, D’Onofrio, M, Dainton, J, Daly, E, Das, A, Das, S P, Dassa, L, de Blas, J, Delle Rose, L, Denizli, H, Deshpande, K S, Douglas, D, Duarte, L, Dupraz, K, Dutta, S, Efremov, A V, Eichhorn, R, Eskola, K J, Ferreiro, E G, Fischer, O, Flores-Sánchez, O, Forte, S, Gaddi, A, Gao, J, Gehrmann, T, Gehrmann-De Ridder, A, Gerigk, F, Gilbert, A, Giuli, F, Glazov, A, Glover, N, Godbole, R M, Goddard, B, Gonçalves, V, Gonzalez-Sprinberg, G A, Goyal, A, Grames, J, Granados, E, Grassellino, A, Gunaydin, Y O, Guo, Y C, Guzey, V, Gwenlan, C, Hammad, A, Han, C C, Harland-Lang, L, Haug, F, Hautmann, F, Hayden, D, Hessler, J, Helenius, I, Henry, J, Hernandez-Sanchez, J, Hesari, H, Hobbs, T J, Hod, N, Hoffstaetter, G H, Holzer, B, Honorato, C G, Hounsell, B, Hu, N, Hug, F, Huss, A, Hutton, A, Islam, R, Iwamoto, S, Jana, S, Jansova, M, Jensen, E, Jones, T, Jowett, J M, Kaabi, W, Kado, M, Kalinin, D A, Karadeniz, H, Kawaguchi, S, Kaya, U, Khalek, R A, Khanpour, H, Kilic, A, Klein, M, Klein, U, Kluth, S, Köksal, M, Kocak, F, Korostelev, M, Kostka, P, Krelina, M, Kretzschmar, J, Kuday, S, Kulipanov, G, Kumar, M, Kuze, M, Lappi, T, Larios, F, Latina, A, Laycock, P, Lei, G, Levitchev, E, Levonian, S, Levy, A, Li, R, Li, X, Liang, H, Litvinenko, V, Liu, M, Liu, T, Liu, W, Liu, Y, Liuti, S, Lobodzinska, E, Longuevergne, D, Luo, X, Ma, W, Machado, M, Mandal, S, Mäntysaari, H, Marhauser, F, Marquet, C, Martens, A, Martin, R, Marzani, S, McFayden, J, Mcintosh, P, Mellado, B, Meot, F, Milanese, A, Milhano, J G, Militsyn, B, Mitra, M, Moch, S, Mohammadi Najafabadi, M, Mondal, S, Moretti, S, Morgan, T, Morreale, A, Nadolsky, P, Navarra, F, Nergiz, Z, Newman, P, Niehues, J, Nissen, E A, Nowakowski, M, Okada, N, Olivier, G, Olness, F, Olry, G, Osborne, J A, Ozansoy, A, Pan, R, Parker, B, Patra, M, Paukkunen, H, Peinaud, Y, Pellegrini, D, Perez-Segurana, G, Perini, D, Perrot, L, Pietralla, N, Pilicer, E, Pire, B, Pires, J, Placakyte, R, Poelker, M, Polifka, R, Polini, A, Poulose, P, Pownall, G, Pupkov, Y A, Queiroz, F S, Rabbertz, K, Radescu, V, Rahaman, R, Rai, S K, Raicevic, N, Ratoff, P, Rashed, A, Raut, D, Raychaudhuri, S, Repond, J, Rezaeian, A H, Rimmer, R, Rinolfi, L, Rojo, J, Rosado, A, Ruan, X, Russenschuck, S, Sahin, M, Salgado, C A, Sampayo, O A, Satendra, K, Satyanarayan, N, Schenke, B, Schirm, K, Schopper, H, Schott, M, Schulte, D, Schwanenberger, C, Sekine, T, Senol, A, Seryi, A, Setiniyaz, S, Shang, L, Shen, X, Shipman, N, Sinha, N, Slominski, W, Smith, S, Solans, C, Song, M, Spiesberger, H, Stanyard, J, Starostenko, A, Stasto, A, Stocchi, A, Strikman, M, Stuart, M J, Sultansoy, S, Sun, H, Sutton, M, Szymanowski, L, Tapan, I, Tapia-Takaki, D, Tanaka, M, Tang, Y, Tasci, A T, Ten-Kate, A T, Thonet, P, Tomas-Garcia, R, Tommasini, D, Trbojevic, D, Trott, M, Tsurin, I, Tudora, A, Turk Cakir, I, Tywoniuk, K, Vallerand, C, Valloni, A, Verney, D, Vilella, E, Walker, D, Wallon, S, Wang, B, Wang, K, Wang, X, Wang, Z S, Wei, H, Welsch, C, Willering, G, Williams, P H, Wollmann, D, Xiaohao, C, Xu, T, Yaguna, C E, Yamaguchi, Y, Yamazaki, Y, Yang, H, Yilmaz, A, Yock, P, Yue, C X, Zadeh, S G, Zenaiev, O, Zhang, C, Zhang, J, Zhang, R, Zhang, Z, Zhu, G, Zhu, S, Zimmermann, F, Zomer, F, Zurita, J, and Zurita, P

Abstract

The Large Hadron–Electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy-recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron–proton and proton–proton operations. This report represents an update to the LHeC’s conceptual design report (CDR), published in 2012. It comprises new results on the parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, and electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics by extending the accessible kinematic range of lepton–nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to its enhanced luminosity and large energy and the cleanliness of the final hadronic states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, this report contains a detailed updated design for the energy-recovery electron linac (ERL), including a new lattice, magnet and superconducting radio-frequency technology, and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described, and the lower-energy, high-current, three-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented, which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution, and calibration goals that arise from the Higgs and parton-density-function physics programmes. This paper also presents novel results for the Future Circular Collider in electron–hadron (FCC-eh) mode, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies.

Published
2024

11. Proceedings of the Sixth International Workshop on Multiple Partonic Interactions at the Large Hadron Collider

Author

Astalos, R., Baranov, S., Bartalini, P., Belyaev, I., Bierlich, Ch., Blok, B., Buckley, A., Ceccopieri, F. A., Cherednikov, I., Christiansen, J. R., Ciangottini, D., Deak, M., Ducloue, B., Field, R., Gaunt, J. R., Golec-Biernat, K., Goerlich, L., Grebenyuk, A., Gueta, O., Gunnellini, P., Helenius, I., Jung, H., Kar, D., Kepka, O., Klusek-Gawenda, M., Knutsson, A., Kotko, P., Krasny, M. W., Kutak, K., Lewandowska, E., Lykasov, G., Maciula, R., Moraes, A. M., Martin, T., Mitsuka, G., Motyka, L., Myska, M., Otwinowski, J., Pierog, T., Pleskot, V., Rinaldi, M., Schafer, W., Siodmok, A., Sjostrand, T., Snigirev, A., Stasto, A., Staszewski, R., Stebel, T., Strikman, M., Szczurek, A., Treleani, D., Trzebinski, M., van Haevermaet, H., van Hameren, A., van Mechelen, P., Waalewijn, W., and Wang, W. Y.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Multiple Partonic Interactions are often crucial for interpreting results obtained at the Large Hadron Collider (LHC). The quest for a sound understanding of the dynamics behind MPI - particularly at this time when the LHC is due to start its "Run II" operations - has focused the aim of this workshop. MPI@LHC2014 concentrated mainly on the phenomenology of LHC measurements whilst keeping in perspective those results obtained at previous hadron colliders. The workshop has also debated some of the state-of-the-art theoretical considerations and the modeling of MPI in Monte Carlo event generators. The topics debated in the workshop included: Phenomenology of MPI processes and multiparton distributions; Considerations for the description of MPI in Quantum Chromodynamics (QCD); Measuring multiple partonic interactions; Experimental results on inelastic hadronic collisions: underlying event, minimum bias, forward energy flow; Monte Carlo generator development and tuning; Connections with low-x phenomena, diffraction, heavy-ion physics and cosmic rays. In a total of 57 plenary talks the workshop covered a wide range of experimental results, Monte Carlo development and tuning, phenomenology and dedicated measurements of MPI which were produced with data from the LHC's Run I. Recent progress of theoretical understanding of MPI in pp, pA and AA collisions as well as the role of MPI in diffraction and small-x physics were also covered. The workshop forstered close contact between the experimental and theoretical communities. It provided a setting to discuss many of the different aspects of MPI, eventually identifying them as a unifying concept between apparently different lines of research and evaluating their impact on the LHC physics programme., Comment: MPI@LHC 2014, 3 - 7 November 2014, Krakow, Poland, 81 pages

Published
2015

12. Predictions for p + Pb Collisions at sN N = √5 TeV: Comparison with Data

Author

Albacete, JL, Arleo, F, Barnaföldi, GG, Barrette, J, Deng, WT, Dumitru, A, Eskola, KJ, Ferreiro, EG, Fleuret, F, Fujii, H, Gyulassy, M, Harangozó, SM, Helenius, I, Kang, ZB, Kotko, P, Kutak, K, Lansberg, JP, Levai, P, Lin, ZW, Nara, Y, Rakotozafindrabe, A, Papp, G, Paukkunen, H, Peigné, S, Petrovici, M, Qiu, JW, Rezaeian, AH, Ru, P, Sapeta, S, Pop, VT, Vitev, I, Vogt, R, Wang, E, Wang, XN, Xing, H, Xu, R, Zhang, BW, and Zhang, WN

Subjects
Perturbative QCD, hard probes of heavy-ion collisions, hep-ph, nucl-ex, nucl-th, Genetics, Biotechnology, Nuclear & Particles Physics, Mathematical Sciences, Physical Sciences
Abstract

Predictions made in Albacete et al. [Int. J. Mod. Phys. E 22 (2013) 1330007] prior to the LHC p+Pb run at sNN = 5 TeV are compared to currently available data. Some predictions shown here have been updated by including the same experimental cuts as the data. Some additional predictions are also presented, especially for quarkonia, that were provided to the experiments before the data were made public but were too late for the original publication.

Published
2016

14. Predictions for $p+$Pb Collisions at sqrt s_NN = 5 TeV

Author

Albacete, J. L., Armesto, N., Baier, R., Barnafoldi, G. G., Barrette, J., De, S., Deng, W. -T., Dumitru, A., Dusling, K., Eskola, K. J., Fries, R., Fujii, H., Gelis, F., Gyulassy, M., Helenius, I., Kang, Z. -B., Kopeliovich, B. Z., Kutak, K., Levai, P., Lin, Z., Mueller, A. H., Nara, Y., Nemchik, J., Papp, G., Petrovici, M., Qiu, J. -W., Rezaeian, A. H., Ru, P., Schiff, D., Sapeta, S., Pop, V. Topor, Tribedy, P., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vogt, R., Wang, E., Wang, X. -N., Xing, H., Xu, R., Zhang, B. -W., and Zhang, W. -N.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Nuclear Theory
Abstract

Predictions for charged hadron, identified light hadron, quarkonium, photon, jet and gauge bosons in p+Pb collisions at sqrt s_NN = 5 TeV are compiled and compared. When test run data are available, they are compared to the model predictions., Comment: 84 pages

Published
2013
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Snowmass 2021 White Paper: Electron Ion Collider for High Energy Physics

Author

Abdul Khalek, R., D Alesio, U., Arratia, Miguel, Bacchetta, A., Battaglieri, M., Begel, M., Boglione, M., Boughezal, R., Boussarie, Renaud, Bozzi, G., Chekanov, S. V., Francesco Giovanni Celiberto, Chirilli, G., Cridge, T., Cruz-Torres, R., Corliss, R., Cotton, C., Davoudiasl, H., Deshpande, A., Dong, Xin, Emmert, A., Fazio, S., Forte, S., Furletova, Yulia, Gal, Ciprian, Gwenlan, Claire, Guzey, V., Harland-Lang, L. A., Helenius, I., Hentschinski, M., Hobbs, Timothy J., Höche, S., Hou, T. -J, Ji, Y., Jing, X., Kelsey, M., Klasen, M., Kang, Zhong-Bo, Kovchegov, Y. V., Kumar, K. S., Lappi, Tuomas, Lee, K., Lee, Yen-Jie, Li, H. -T, Li, X., Lin, H. -W, Liu, H., Liu, Z. L., Liuti, S., Lorcé, C., Lunghi, E., Marcarelli, R., Magill, S., Makris, Y., Mantry, S., Melnitchouk, W., Mezrag, C., Moch, S., Moutarde, H., Mukherjee, Swagato, Murgia, F., Nachman, B., Nadolsky, P. M., Nam, J. D., Neill, D., Neill, E. T., Nocera, E., Nycz, M., Olness, F., Petriello, F., Pitonyak, D., Plätzer, S., Prestel, Stefan, Prokudin, Alexei, Qiu, J., Radici, M., Radhakrishnan, S., Sadofyev, A., Rojo, J., Ringer, F., Salazar, Farid, Sato, N., Schenke, Björn, Schlichting, Sören, Schweitzer, P., Sekula, S. J., Shao, D. Y., Sherrill, N., Sichtermann, E., Signori, A., Şimşek, K., Simonelli, A., Sznajder, P., Tezgin, K., Thorne, R. S., Tricoli, A., Venugopalan, R., Vladimirov, A., Vicini, Alessandro, Vitev, Ivan, Wiegand, D., Wong, C. -P, Xie, K., Zaccheddu, M., Zhao, Y., Zhang, J., Zheng, X., Zurita, P., Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), and Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay

Subjects
electron, Nuclear Theory, accelerator, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], p: polarized beam, FOS: Physical sciences, electron nucleon: colliding beams, electron nucleus, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], High Energy Physics - Experiment, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], Physics::Accelerator Physics, ion, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

Electron Ion Collider (EIC) is a particle accelerator facility planned for construction at Brookhaven National Laboratory on Long Island, New York by the United States Department of Energy. EIC will provide capabilities of colliding beams of polarized electrons with polarized beams of proton and light ions. EIC will be one of the largest and most sophisticated new accelerator facilities worldwide, and the only new large-scale accelerator facility planned for construction in the United States in the next few decades. The versatility, resolving power and intensity of EIC will present many new opportunities to address some of the crucial and fundamental open scientific questions in particle physics. This document provides an overview of the science case of EIC from the perspective of the high energy physics community., Submitted to the Proceedings of the US Community Study on the Future of Particle Physics (Snowmass 2021)

Published
2022

24. The Large Hadron–Electron Collider at the HL-LHC

Author

Agostini, P., Aksakal, H., Apolinario, L., Goyal, A., Grames, J., Granados, E., Grassellino, A., Gunaydin, Y. O., Guo, Y. C., Guzey, V., Gwenlan, C., Hammad, A., Han, C. C., Apsimon, R., Harland-Lang, L., Haug, F., Hautmann, F., Hayden, D., Hessler, J., Helenius, I., Henry, J., Hernandez-Sanchez, J., Hesari, H., Hobbs, T. J., Apyan, A., Hod, N., Hoffstaetter, G. H., Holzer, B., Honorato, C. G., Hounsell, B., Hu, N., Hug, F., Huss, A., Hutton, A., Islam, R., Arduini, G., Iwamoto, S., Jana, S., Jansova, M., Jensen, E., Jones, T., Jowett, J. M., Kaabi, W., Kado, M., Kalinin, D. A., Karadeniz, H., Ari, V., Kawaguchi, S., Kaya, U., Khalek, R. A., Khanpour, H., Kilic, A., Klein, M., Klein, U., Kluth, S., Köksal, M., Kocak, F., Armbruster, A., Korostelev, M., Kostka, P., Krelina, M., Kretzschmar, J., Kuday, S., Kulipanov, G., Kumar, M., Kuze, M., Lappi, T., Larios, F., Armesto, N., Latina, A., Laycock, P., Lei, G., Levitchev, E., Levonian, Serguei V., Levy, A., Li, R., Li, X., Liang, H., Litvinenko, V., Auchmann, B., Liu, M., Liu, T., Liu, W., Liu, Y., Liuti, S., Lobodzinska, Ewelina, Longuevergne, D., Luo, X., Ma, W., Machado, M., Aulenbacher, K., Mandal, S., Mäntysaari, H., Marhauser, F., Marquet, C., Martens, A., Martin, R., Marzani, S., McFayden, J., Mcintosh, P., Mellado, B., Azuelos, G., Meot, F., Milanese, A., Milhano, J. G., Militsyn, B., Mitra, M., Moch, S., Mohammadi Najafabadi, M., Mondal, S., Moretti, S., Morgan, T., Alan, H., Backovic, S., Morreale, A., Nadolsky, P., Navarra, F., Nergiz, Z., Newman, P., Niehues, J., Nissen, E. A., Nowakowski, M., Okada, N., Olivier, G., Bailey, I., Olness, F., Olry, G., Osborne, J. A., Ozansoy, A., Pan, R., Parker, B., Patra, M., Paukkunen, H., Peinaud, Y., Pellegrini, D., Bailey, S., Perez-Segurana, G., Perini, D., Perrot, L., Pietralla, N., Pilicer, E., Pire, B., Pires, J., Placakyte, R., Poelker, M., Polifka, R., Balli, F., Polini, A., Poulose, P., Pownall, G., Pupkov, Y. A., Queiroz, F. S., Rabbertz, K., Radescu, V., Rahaman, R., Rai, S. K., Raicevic, N., Behera, S., Ratoff, P., Rashed, A., Raut, D., Raychaudhuri, S., Repond, J., Rezaeian, A. H., Rimmer, R., Rinolfi, L., Rojo, J., Rosado, A., Behnke, O., Ruan, X., Russenschuck, S., Sahin, M., Salgado, C. A., Sampayo, O. A., Satendra, K., Satyanarayan, N., Schenke, B., Schirm, K., Schopper, H., Ben-Zvi, I., Schott, M., Schulte, D., Schwanenberger, C., Sekine, T., Senol, A., Seryi, A., Setiniyaz, S., Shang, L., Shen, X., Shipman, N., Benedikt, M., Sinha, N., Slominski, W., Smith, S., Solans, C., Song, M., Spiesberger, H., Stanyard, J., Starostenko, A., Stasto, A., Stocchi, A., Bernauer, J., Strikman, M., Stuart, M. J., Sultansoy, S., Sun, H., Sutton, M., Szymanowski, L., Tapan, I., Tapia-Takaki, D., Tanaka, M., Tang, Y., Bertolucci, S., Tasci, A. T., Ten-Kate, A. T., Thonet, P., Tomas-Garcia, R., Tommasini, D., Trbojevic, D., Trott, M., Tsurin, I., Tudora, A., Turk Cakir, I., Alekhin, S., Biswal, S. S., Tywoniuk, K., Vallerand, C., Valloni, A., Verney, D., Vilella, E., Walker, D., Wallon, S., Wang, B., Wang, K., Blümlein, Johannes, Wang, X., Wang, Z. S., Wei, H., Welsch, C., Willering, G., Williams, P. H., Wollmann, D., Xiaohao, C., Xu, T., Yaguna, C. E., Bogacz, A., Yamaguchi, Y., Yamazaki, Y., Yang, H., Yilmaz, A., Yock, P., Yue, C. X., Zadeh, S. G., Zenaiev, O., Zhang, C., Zhang, J., Bonvini, M., Zhang, R., Zhang, Z., Zhu, G., Zhu, S., Zimmermann, F., Zomer, F., Zurita, J., Zurita, P., LHeC Collaboration, Group, FCC-he Study, Boonekamp, M., Bordry, F., Boroun, G. R., Bottura, L., Bousson, S., Bouzas, A. O., Allport, P. P., Bracco, C., Bracinik, J., Britzger, D., Brodsky, S. J., Bruni, C., Brüning, O., Burkhardt, H., Cakir, O., Calaga, R., Caldwell, A., Andari, N., Calıskan, A., Camarda, S., Catalan-Lasheras, N. C., Cassou, K., Cepila, J., Cetinkaya, V., Chetvertkova, V., Cole, B., Coleppa, B., Cooper-Sarkar, A., Andre, K. D. J., Cormier, E., Cornell, A. S., Corsini, R., Cruz-Alaniz, E., Currie, J., Curtin, D., D'Onofrio, M., Dainton, J., Daly, E., Das, A., Angal-Kalinin, D., Das, S. P., Dassa, L., de Blas, J., Delle Rose, L., Denizli, H., Deshpande, K. S., Douglas, D., Duarte, L., Dupraz, K., Dutta, S., Antusch, S., Efremov, A. V., Eichhorn, R., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Fischer, O., Flores-Sánchez, O., Forte, S., Gaddi, A., Gao, J., Gehrmann, T., Aperio Bella, L., Gehrmann-De Ridder, A., Gerigk, F., Gilbert, A., Giuli, F., Glazov, Alexander, Glover, N., Godbole, R. M., Goddard, B., Gonçalves, V., Gonzalez-Sprinberg, G. A., Université Paris-Saclay, Institut de Recherches sur les lois Fondamentales de l'Univers (IRFU), Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université Paris-Saclay, Laboratoire de Physique des 2 Infinis Irène Joliot-Curie (IJCLab), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Saclay-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Centre d'Etudes Lasers Intenses et Applications (CELIA), Université de Bordeaux (UB)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11), Université de Strasbourg (UNISTRA), Centre de Physique Théorique [Palaiseau] (CPHT), École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), LHeC, FCC-he Study Group, Çetinkaya, Volkan, Çalışkan, Abdullatif, Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Commissariat à l'énergie atomique et aux énergies alternatives (CEA)-Université de Bordeaux (UB), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X), Agostini P, Aksakal H, Duarte Lucía, Universidad de la República (Uruguay). Facultad de Ciencias. Instituto de Física., Helsinki Institute of Physics, Particle Physics and Astrophysics, and Calıskan, Abdullatif

Subjects
energy recovery, lepton nucleus: scattering, parton: distribution function, hiukkasfysiikka, 7. Clean energy, 01 natural sciences, accelerator physics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), HEAVY FLAVOR CONTRIBUTIONS, energy-recovery- linac, Nuclear Experiment, colliding beams [electron p], deep-inelastic scattering, top and electroweak physics, new physics, Physics, STRUCTURE-FUNCTION RATIOS, Monte Carlo [numerical calculations], buildings, primary [vertex], High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, electron p: colliding beams, kinematics, Nuclear Physics - Theory, final state: hadronic, p: distribution function, beyond Standard Model, vertex: primary, numerical calculations: Monte Carlo, distribution function [parton], High-lumiLHC, STRUCTURE-FUNCTION F-2(X, [PHYS.NUCL]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Theory [nucl-th], ion: beam, [PHYS.NEXP]Physics [physics]/Nuclear Experiment [nucl-ex], 114 Physical sciences, Nuclear Theory (nucl-th), deep inelastic scattering, quantum chromodynamics, ddc:530, 010306 general physics, high-lumi LHC, QCD, Higgs, nuclear physics, beyond standard Model, 010308 nuclear & particles physics, resolution, scattering [electron p], structure function [nucleus], sensitivity, beam [electron], energy-recovery-linac, acceptance, Nuclear Theory, HIGH-ENERGY FACTORIZATION, distribution function [p], density [parton], High-lumi LHC, High Energy Physics - Experiment, design [detector], High Energy Physics - Experiment (hep-ex), electron: linear accelerator, electron hadron: scattering, CERN LHC Coll: upgrade, [PHYS.HEXP]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Experiment [hep-ex], scattering [electron hadron], FCC, electron: beam, Nuclear Experiment (nucl-ex), linear accelerator [electron], lattice, superconductivity, Energy-recoverylinac, Beyond Standard Mode, Nuclear physics, electron nucleus: colliding beams, parton: density, colliding beams [electron nucleus], Particle Physics - Experiment, NUCLEON STRUCTURE FUNCTIONS, Nuclear and High Energy Physics, scattering [lepton nucleus], beam [ion], FOS: Physical sciences, nucleus: structure function, hadronic [final state], electron p: scattering, TRANSVERSE-MOMENTUM DEPENDENCE, 0103 physical sciences, Nuclear Physics - Experiment, structure, upgrade [CERN LHC Coll], detector: design, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, DEEP-INELASTIC-SCATTERING, electroweak interaction, 3-LOOP SPLITTING FUNCTIONS, CLASSICAL RADIATION ZEROS, calibration, Accelerators and Storage Rings, magnet, high [current], 13. Climate action, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], LHeC, Physics::Accelerator Physics, JET CROSS-SECTIONS, High Energy Physics::Experiment, current: high
Abstract

The Large Hadron-Electron Collider (LHeC) is designed to move the field of deep inelastic scattering (DIS) to the energy and intensity frontier of particle physics. Exploiting energy-recovery technology, it collides a novel, intense electron beam with a proton or ion beam from the High-Luminosity Large Hadron Collider (HL-LHC). The accelerator and interaction region are designed for concurrent electron-proton and proton-proton operations. This report represents an update to the LHeC's conceptual design report (CDR), published in 2012. It comprises new results on the parton structure of the proton and heavier nuclei, QCD dynamics, and electroweak and top-quark physics. It is shown how the LHeC will open a new chapter of nuclear particle physics by extending the accessible kinematic range of lepton-nucleus scattering by several orders of magnitude. Due to its enhanced luminosity and large energy and the cleanliness of the final hadronic states, the LHeC has a strong Higgs physics programme and its own discovery potential for new physics. Building on the 2012 CDR, this report contains a detailed updated design for the energy-recovery electron linac (ERL), including a new lattice, magnet and superconducting radio-frequency technology, and further components. Challenges of energy recovery are described, and the lower-energy, high-current, three-turn ERL facility, PERLE at Orsay, is presented, which uses the LHeC characteristics serving as a development facility for the design and operation of the LHeC. An updated detector design is presented corresponding to the acceptance, resolution, and calibration goals that arise from the Higgs and parton-density-function physics programmes. This paper also presents novel results for the Future Circular Collider in electron-hadron (FCC-eh) mode, which utilises the same ERL technology to further extend the reach of DIS to even higher centre-of-mass energies., Journal of Physics G: Nuclear and Particle Physics, 48 (11), ISSN:0305-4616, ISSN:0954-3899, ISSN:1361-6471, ISSN:0954-3889

Published
2021

26. 'Se voidaan ratkaista hiljaisella keskustelulla julkisen väittelyn sijaan':Malesian etniset kysymykset The Straits Times -sanomalehdessä vuosina 1965–1969

Author

Azmi Helenius, I. (Ida)

Abstract

Tiivistelmä. Pro gradu -tutkielman aiheena on Malesian etnisistä kysymyksistä käyty julkinen keskustelu vuosina 1965–1969. Tutkielman lähdeaineistona käytettiin singaporelaislähtöistä englanninkielistä The Straits Times -sanomalehteä. Analysoin tutkielmassa, missä yhteyksissä ja miten etnisistä kysymyksistä keskusteltiin. Tämän lisäksi selvitin, mitä etnisten kysymysten käsittely kertoi Malesian poliittisen eliitin pyrkimyksistä luoda yhtenäinen kansakunta. Tarve yhtenäistää kansaa oli kova, sillä Malesia oli vuoden 1957 itsenäistymisen yhteydessä perinyt Ison-Britannian siirtomaahallinnon aikana muodostuneen monietnisen väestön, joka oli karkeasti sanottuna jakautunut taloudellisesti hyvin toimeentuleviin kiinalaisiin ja vähempiosaisiin, mutta poliittisessa valta-asemassa oleviin malaijeihin. Tutkielma on mediahistoriaa ja poliittista historiaa. Metodisesti hyödynsin aineistolähtöistä sisällönanalyysia eli analysoin etnisistä kysymyksistä käytyä keskustelua niissä yhteyksissä, missä sanomalehti nosti ne esille. The Straits Times oli yksi Malesian yhteiskunnallisen ja poliittisen keskustelun foorumi. Vaikka sanomalehdessä seurattiin poliittista keskustelua näinnäisen puolueettomasti, saivat hallituksessa olleet puolueet eniten näkyvyyttä lehden sivuilla. Lehdistön vapautta rajoittaneet lait, asetukset ja lehden harjoittama itsesensuuri vaikuttivat myös The Straits Timesin tapaan käsitellä poliittisesti arkoja etnisiä kysymyksiä kuten kielipolitiikkaa. Tutkimusajanjakson aikana etnisiä kysymyksiä käsiteltiin The Straits Timesissa poliittisen päätöksenteon ja poliittisen kilpailun yhteyksissä. Myös monet yhteiskunnalliset kriisit kuten Singaporen ero Malesian liittovaltiosta vuonna 1965, Penangin osavaltiossa puhjenneet mellakat vuonna 1967 ja vuoden 1969 parlamenttivaalien jälkeiset mellakat nostivat etniset kysymykset julkisen keskustelun keskiöön. Malesian malaijijohtoinen hallitus pyrki yhtenäistämään monietnistä kansaa yhteisen identiteetin, malesialaisuuden, avulla. The Straits Timesissa käydyistä keskusteluista ilmeni, että malesialaisuutta tulkittiin monella tavalla. Hallitukselle malesialaisuus merkitsi lähes samaa kuin malaijilaisuus kun taas monet oppositiopuolueet näkivät malesialaisuudessa mahdollisuuden monietniselle kansallisidentiteetille. Nämä ristiriidat ja The Straits Timesissa ylläpidetyt siirtomaa-aikaiset stereotyyppiset kuvaukset Malesian etnisistä ryhmistä johtivat osaltaan 1960-luvulla etnisten malaijien ja kiinalaisten välisiin väkivaltaisiin yhteenottoihin. Tämä tutkielma pyrkii täydentämään historiantutkimuksen antamaa kuvaa postkolonialistisesta Malesiasta ja sen sisällä käydyistä etnisiin kysymyksiin liittyneistä keskusteluista, mihin The Straits Times tarjosi lähdeaineistona uudenlaisen näkökulman.

Published
2021

27. Cast immobilisation in situ versus open reduction and internal fixation of displaced medial epicondyle fractures in children between 7 and 16 years old:a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Author

Hämäläinen, T. (Tero), Ahonen, M. (Matti), Helenius, I. (Ilkka), Jalkanen, J. (Jenni), Lastikka, M. (Markus), Nietosvaara, Y. (Yrjänä), Salonen, A. (Anne), Sinikumpu, J.-J. (Juha-Jaakko), and Grahn, P. (Petra)

Subjects
elbow & shoulder, paediatric orthopaedic & trauma surgery, paediatric surgery, paediatric orthopaedics, orthopaedic sports trauma
Abstract

Introduction: Medial epicondyle fracture of the humerus is a common injury in childhood. There is uniform agreement that minimally displaced fractures (dislocation ≤2 mm) can be treated nonoperatively with immobilisation. Open fractures, fractures with joint incarceration or ulnar nerve dysfunction require surgery. There is no common consensus in treatment of closed medial epicondyle fractures with >2 mm dislocation without joint incarceration or ulnar nerve dysfunction. We hypothesise that there is no difference in treatment outcomes between nonoperative and operative treatment. Methods and analysis: This is a multicentre, controlled, prospective, randomised noninferiority study comparing operative treatment to non-operative treatment of >2 mm dislocated paediatric medial epicondyle fractures without joint incarceration or ulnar nerve dysfunction. A total of 120 patients will be randomised in 1:1 ratio to either operative or nonoperative treatment. The study will have a parallel nonrandomised patient preference arm. Operative treatment will be open reduction and internal fixation. Nonoperative treatment will be upper limb immobilisation in long arm cast for 4 weeks. Data will be collected at baseline and at each follow-up up to 2 years. Quick-DASH is used as primary outcome measure. Secondary outcomes are patient-reported pain, differences in range of motion, Pediatric Quality of Life Inventory, cosmetic visual analogue scale and Mayo Elbow Performance Score. Ethics and dissemination: Ethical approval has been obtained from Helsinki University Hospital (HUS) ethical board HUS/1443/2019. Each study centre has obtained their own permission for the study. A written authorisation from legal guardian will be acquired and the child will be informed about the trial. Results of the trial will be disseminated as published articles in peer-reviewed journals. Trial registration: The trial has been registered at clinicaltrials.gov with registration number NCT04531085.

Published
2021

28. sj-pdf-1-sjs-10.1177_14574969211020640 – Supplemental material for Outcomes of early hemivertebrectomy in children with congenital scoliosis: A Prospective follow-up Study

Author

Oksanen, H. M., Jalanko, T., and Helenius, I. J.

Subjects
FOS: Clinical medicine, 110323 Surgery
Abstract

Supplemental material, sj-pdf-1-sjs-10.1177_14574969211020640 for Outcomes of early hemivertebrectomy in children with congenital scoliosis: A Prospective follow-up Study by H. M. Oksanen, T. Jalanko and I. J. Helenius in Scandinavian Journal of Surgery

Published
2021
Full Text
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29. Casting versus flexible intramedullary nailing in displaced forearm shaft fractures in children aged 7–12 years:a study protocol for a randomised controlled trial

Author

Grahn, P. (Petra), Sinikumpu, J.-J. (Juha-Jaakko), Nietosvaara, Y. (Yrjänä), Syvänen, J. (Johanna), Salonen, A. (Anne), Ahonen, M. (Matti), Helenius, I. (Ilkka), Grahn, P. (Petra), Sinikumpu, J.-J. (Juha-Jaakko), Nietosvaara, Y. (Yrjänä), Syvänen, J. (Johanna), Salonen, A. (Anne), Ahonen, M. (Matti), and Helenius, I. (Ilkka)

Abstract

Introduction: The forearm is the most common fracture location in children, with an increasing incidence. Displaced forearm shaft fractures have traditionally been treated with closed reduction and cast immobilisation. Diaphyseal fractures in children have poor remodelling capacity. Malunion can cause permanent cosmetic and functional disability. Internal fixation with flexible intramedullary nails has gained increasing popularity, without evidence of a better outcome compared with closed reduction and cast immobilisation. Method and analysis: This is a multicentre, randomised superiority trial comparing closed reduction and cast immobilisation to flexible intramedullary nails in children aged 7–12 years with >10° of angulation and/or >10 mm of shortening in displaced both bone forearm shaft fractures (AO-paediatric classification: 22D/2.1–5.2). A total of 78 patients with minimum 2 years of expected growth left are randomised in 1:1 ratio to either treatment group. The study has a parallel non-randomised patient preference arm. Both treatments are performed under general anaesthesia. In the cast group a long arm cast is applied for 6 weeks. The flexible intramedullary nail group is immobilised in a collar and cuff sling for 4 weeks. Data are collected at baseline and at each follow-up until 1 year. Primary outcome is (1) PROMIS paediatric upper extremity and (2) forearm pronation-supination range of motion at 1-year follow-up. Secondary outcomes are Quick DASH, Paediatric Pain Questionnaire, Cosmetic Visual Analogue Scale, wrist and elbow range of motion as well as any complications and costs of treatment. We hypothesise that flexible intramedullary nailing results in a superior outcome. Ethics and dissemination: We have received ethical board approval (number: 78/1801/2020) and permissions to conduct the study from all five participating university hospitals. Informed consent is obtained from the parent(s). Results will be disseminated in peer-revie

Published
2021

38. Report from Working Group 5: Future physics opportunities for high-density QCD at the LHC with heavy-ion and proton beams

Author

Citron, Z. et al., Guzey, V., Helenius, I.., Paakkinen, P., Paukkunen, H., Dainese, A., Mangano, M., Meyer, A. B., Nisati, A., Salam, G., and Vesterinen, M.

Subjects
kinematics, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, quantum chromodynamics, Nuclear Experiment
Abstract

The future opportunities for high-density QCD studies with ion and proton beams at the LHC are presented. Four major scientific goals are identified: the characterisation of the macroscopic long wavelength Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties with unprecedented precision, the investigation of the microscopic parton dynamics underlying QGP properties, the development of a unified picture of particle production and QCD dynamics from small (pp) to large (nucleus--nucleus) systems, the exploration of parton densities in nuclei in a broad (x, Q2) kinematic range and the search for the possible onset of parton saturation. In order to address these scientific goals, high-luminosity Pb-Pb and p-Pb programmes are considered as priorities for Runs 3 and 4, complemented by high-multiplicity studies in pp collisions and a short run with oxygen ions. High-luminosity runs with intermediate-mass nuclei, for example Ar or Kr, are considered as an appealing case for extending the heavy-ion programme at the LHC beyond Run 4. The potential of the High-Energy LHC to probe QCD matter with newly-available observables, at twice larger center-of-mass energies than the LHC, is investigated. peerReviewed

Published
2019

39. Report from Working Group 5

Author

Citron, Z., Dainese, A., Chapon, E., Margutti, J., Marin, A., Marquet, C., Martin Blanco, J., Massacrier, L., Mastroserio, A., Maurice, E., Mayer, C., Mcginn, C., Milhano, G., Dembinski, H., Milov, A., Minissale, V., Mironov, C., Mischke, A., Mohammadi, N., Mulders, M., Murray, M., Narain, M., Di Nezza, P., Nisati, A., d'Enterria, D., Noronha-Hostler, J., Ohlson, A., Okorokov, V., Olness, F., Paakkinen, P., Pappalardo, L., Park, J., Paukkunen, H., Peng, C. C., Pereira Da Costa, H., Grabowska-Bold, I., Perepelitsa, D. V., Peresunko, D., Peters, M., Pettersson, N. E., Piano, S., Pierog, T., Pires, J., Płoskoń, M., Plumari, S., Prino, F., Innocenti, G. M., Puccio, M., Rapp, R., Redlich, K., Reygers, K., Ristea, C. L., Robbe, P., Rossi, A., Rustamov, A., Rybar, M., Schaumann, M., Loizides, C., Schenke, B., Schienbein, I., Schoeffel, L., Selyuzhenkov, I., Sickles, A. M., Sievert, M., Silva, P., Song, T., Spousta, M., Stachel, J., Mohapatra, S., Steinberg, P., Stocco, D., Strickland, M., Strikman, M., Sun, J., Tapia Takaki, D., Tatar, K., Terrevoli, C., Timmins, A., Trogolo, S., Salgado, C. A., Trzeciak, B., Trzupek, A., Ulrich, R., Uras, A., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vujanovic, G., Wang, J., Wang, T. W., Xiao, R., Verweij, M., Xu, Y., Zampolli, C., Zanoli, H., Zhou, M., Zhou, Y., Weber, M., Grosse-Oetringhaus, J. F., Aichelin, J., Angerami, A., Apolinario, L., Arleo, F., Armesto, N., Arnaldi, R., Arslandok, M., Azzi, P., Bailhache, R., Bass, S. A., Jowett, J. M., Bedda, C., Behera, N. K., Bellwied, R., Beraudo, A., Bi, R., Bierlich, C., Blum, K., Borissov, A., Braun-Munzinger, P., Bruce, R., Lee, Y.-J., Bruno, G. E., Bufalino, S., Castillo Castellanos, J., Chatterjee, R., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Cheshkov, C., Chujo, T., Conesa del Valle, Z., Contreras Nuno, J. G., Wiedemann, U. A., Cunqueiro Mendez, L., Dahms, T., Dang, N. P., De la Torre, H., Dobrin, A. F., Doenigus, B., Van Doremalen, L., Du, X., Dubla, A., Dumancic, M., Winn, M., Dyndal, M., Fabbietti, L., Ferreiro, E. G., Fionda, F., Fleuret, F., Floerchinger, S., Giacalone, G., Giammanco, A., Gossiaux, P. B., Graziani, G., Andronic, A., Greco, V., Grelli, A., Grosa, F., Guilbaud, M., Gunji, T., Guzey, V., Hadjidakis, C., Hassani, S., He, M., Helenius, I., Bellini, F., Huo, P., Jacobs, P. M., Janus, P., Jebramcik, M. A., Jia, J., Kalweit, A. P., Kim, H., Klasen, M., Klein, S. R., Klusek-Gawenda, M., Bruna, E., Kremer, J., Krintiras, G. K., Krizek, F., Kryshen, E., Kurkela, A., Kusina, A., Lansberg, J.-P., Lea, R., van Leeuwen, M., and Li, W.

Subjects
ion [oxygen], kinematics, density [parton], High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, nucleus, matter [quantum chromodynamics], plasma [quark gluon], scattering [p p], CERN LHC Coll [interpretation of experiments], Nuclear Experiment, saturation [parton], heavy ion, beam [p]
Abstract

The future opportunities for high-density QCD studies with ion and proton beams at the LHC are presented. Four major scientific goals are identified: the characterisation of the macroscopic long wavelength Quark-Gluon Plasma (QGP) properties with unprecedented precision, the investigation of the microscopic parton dynamics underlying QGP properties, the development of a unified picture of particle production and QCD dynamics from small (pp) to large (nucleus--nucleus) systems, the exploration of parton densities in nuclei in a broad ($x$, $Q^2$) kinematic range and the search for the possible onset of parton saturation. In order to address these scientific goals, high-luminosity Pb-Pb and p-Pb programmes are considered as priorities for Runs 3 and 4, complemented by high-multiplicity studies in pp collisions and a short run with oxygen ions. High-luminosity runs with intermediate-mass nuclei, for example Ar or Kr, are considered as an appealing case for extending the heavy-ion programme at the LHC beyond Run 4. The potential of the High-Energy LHC to probe QCD matter with newly-available observables, at twice larger center-of-mass energies than the LHC, is investigated.

Published
2019

49. Predictions for cold nuclear matter effects in p+Pb collisions at sNN=8.16 TeV

Author

Albacete, JL, Arleo, F, Barnaföldi, GG, Bíró, G, d'Enterria, D, Ducloué, B, Eskola, KJ, Ferreiro, EG, Gyulassy, M, Harangozó, SM, Helenius, I, Kang, Z-B, Kotko, P, Kulagin, SA, Kutak, K, Lansberg, JP, Lappi, T, Lévai, P, Lin, Z-W, Ma, G, Ma, Y-Q, Mäntysaari, H, Paukkunen, H, Papp, G, Petti, R, Rezaeian, AH, Ru, P, Sapeta, S, Schenke, B, Schlichting, S, Shao, H-S, Tribedy, P, Venugopalan, R, Vitev, I, Vogt, R, Wang, E, Wang, X-N, Xing, H, Xu, R, Zhang, B-W, Zhang, H-F, and Zhang, W-N

Published
2018

50. Predictions for Cold Nuclear Matter Effects in $p+$Pb Collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 8.16$ TeV

Author

Albacete, J. L., Arleo, F., Barnaf��ldi, G. G., B��r��, G., d'Enterria, D., Duclou��, B., Eskola, K. J., Ferreiro, E. G., Gyulassy, M., Harangoz��, S. M., Helenius, I., Kang, Z. -B., Kotko, P., Kulagin, S. A., Kutak, K., Lansberg, J. P., Lappi, T., L��vai, P., Lin, Z. W., Ma, G., Ma, Y. -Q., M��ntysaari, H., Paukkunen, H., Papp, G., Petti, R., Rezaeian, A. H., Ru, P., Sapeta, S., Schenke, B., Schlichting, S., Shao, H. S., Tribedy, P., Venugopalan, R., Vitev, I., Vogt, R., Wang, E., Wang, X. -N., Xing, H., Xu, R., Zhang, B. -W., Zhang, H. -F., Zhang, W. -N., Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet (LLR), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-École polytechnique (X)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay (IPNO), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies (LPTHE), Sorbonne Université (SU)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Laboratoire Leprince-Ringuet ( LLR ), Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -École polytechnique ( X ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Institut de Physique Nucléaire d'Orsay ( IPNO ), Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 ( UP11 ) -Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS ( IN2P3 ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Laboratoire de Physique Théorique et Hautes Energies ( LPTHE ), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 ( UPMC ) -Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique ( CNRS ), Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-École polytechnique (X)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3), and Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut National de Physique Nucléaire et de Physique des Particules du CNRS (IN2P3)-Université Paris-Sud - Paris 11 (UP11)

Subjects
Drell-Yan process, Nuclear Theory, Cold nuclear matter, FOS: Physical sciences, parton: distribution function, dilepton, phase space, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology (hep-ph), Perturbative QCD, heavy quark, Nuclear Experiment, Particle Physics - Phenomenology, gauge boson, Hard and electromagnetic probes, High Energy Physics::Phenomenology, photon, nucleus, hep-ph, nuclear matter: effect, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Charged hadron production, [PHYS.HPHE]Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], [ PHYS.HPHE ] Physics [physics]/High Energy Physics - Phenomenology [hep-ph], High Energy Physics::Experiment, hadron, quarkonium
Abstract

Predictions for cold nuclear matter effects on charged hadrons, identified light hadrons, quarkonium and heavy flavor hadrons, Drell-Yan dileptons, jets, photons, gauge bosons and top quarks produced in $p+$Pb collisions at $\sqrt{s_{_{NN}}} = 8.16$ TeV are compiled and, where possible, compared to each other. Predictions of the normalized ratios of $p+$Pb to $p+p$ cross sections are also presented for most of the observables, providing new insights into the expected role of cold nuclear matter effects. In particular, the role of nuclear parton distribution functions on particle production can now be probed over a wider range of phase space than ever before., 84 pages, 44 figures, version accepted for publication in Nuclear Physics A

Published
2018

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