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Two studies were conducted to determine the effect of diets containing low-phytate barley or supplemented with phytase on P balance and excretion in grower pigs. In Exp. 1, eight 32-kg barrows were assigned to a repeated, 4 x 4 Latin square design and fed 4 diets that contained 96% barley: normal-phytate hulled barley (HB), low-phytate hulled barley (LPHB), normal-phytate hull-less barley (HLB), and low-phytate hull-less barley (LPHLB). The barley cultivars contained 0.16, 0.05, 0.24, and 0.03% phytate, respectively. Inorganic P (iP) was added to the HB and HLB diets to meet the 1998 National Research Council recommendation of available P (aP, 0.23%), whereas LPHB and LPHLB contained sufficient aP. The diets were fed at 2.5 times the maintenance requirement for ME. The apparent total tract digestibilities (ATTD) of P did not differ between the hulled and hull-less barley diets, but P retention (%) and excretion were greater in pigs fed the hull-less barley diets (P < 0.05). The ATTD of P was greater and P excretion was 35% lower in pigs fed the low-phytate compared with the normal-phytate diets (P < 0.001). The amount of P retained (g/d) was greater (P < 0.001) in pigs fed low-phytate barley, reflecting an ATTD of P of 65 and 49% for low-phytate and normal-phytate barley, respectively (P < 0.001). In Exp. 2, eight 21-kg barrows were assigned to a repeated, 4 x 4 Latin square design and fed 4 diets based on barley and soybean meal (SBM): HB-SBM, HB-SBM + iP, HB-SBM + phytase, and LPHB-SBM. The HB-SBM and HB-SBM + phytase diets were deficient in aP, whereas the HBSBM + iP and LPHB-SBM diets had adequate aP. The feeding regimen was similar to that of Exp. 1. Adding iP to the HB-SBM diet did not affect the ATTD but increased the amount of P retained (g/d) and excreted (P < 0.001). The ATTD and amount of P retained (g/d) did not differ among pigs fed the HB-SBM + iP, HBSBM + phytase, and LPHB-SBM diets. However, pigs fed the HB-SBM + phytase and LPHB-SBM diets excreted 32 and 29% less P, respectively, than pigs fed the HB-SBM + iP diet (P < 0.05), confirming that low-phytate barley is as effective as supplemental phytase in improving P digestibility and utilization and decreasing P excretion in grower pigs. Key words: barley, low phytate, nutrient excretion, phosphorus, phytase, pig

'Manny' barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-314, PI 633981) is six-rowed, hulled, and rough-awned spring barley with strong straw that is adapted to western Canada. Manny was developed at [...]

'Ponoka', a two-rowed, spring feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-313, PI 633982), was developed by the Field Crop Development Center (FCDC), Lacombe, AB, Canada. Ponoka has been registered [...]

'Tyto' barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-310, PI 632403) was released in 2002. Tyto was developed at the Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC) of Alberta Agriculture, Food and Rural [...]

'Niobe', a two-rowed, spring barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-309, Pl 632404), was developed by the Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC), Lacombe, AB, Canada. Niobe has been registered in [...]

'Vivar' is a six-row, rough-awned, semidwarf, spring-habit, feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-307, PI 614090) developed and released in 2000 by the Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC) in [...]

`Peregrine', a spring six-rowed hulless feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-284, PI 611140), was released in April 1999 by the Field Crop Development Centre of Alberta Agriculture, Food [...]

`Trochu' is a six-row, spring habit, feed barley (Hordeum vulgare L.) (Reg. no. CV-299, PI 614089), released in May 2000 by the Field Crop Development Centre (FCDC) of Alberta Agriculture [...]

Determines the effects of seeding rate, species and harvest date on the forage yield and quality of small grain cereals. Field techniques and trait measurements; Biomass yield of barley monovrops and mixtures; Seeding rate effects on biomass yield and protein content.

Determines the final grain yields of the components of mixtures and compares these yields with those expected based on the yields of monocrops. Monocrops yields and relative grain yields (RY); Effects of seeding rate on RY; Monocrop yields and RY.

Determines the changes in biomass distribution among morphological structures and how management practices could affect those changes. Field techniques and trait measurements; Effect of seeding rate and sampling on component biomass yields of barley; Percentage composition of biomass distribution across three post harvests of annual cereals.