1. High prevalence of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase producing enterobacteriaceae among clinical isolates in Burkina Faso
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Abdoul-Salam Ouédraogo, Rasmata Ouégraogo, Sylvain Godreuil, Nicolas Bouzinbi, Hélène Jean-Pierre, Salim Aberkane, Boubacar Nacro, Aimée Kissou, Idrissa Sano, Dominique Decré, Firmin Kaboré, Lassana Sangaré, Armel Poda, Hermann Solaré, Mahamadou Sanou, Soufiane Sanou, Christian Carrière, Herrada, Anthony, Pathogénèse et contrôle des infections chroniques (PCCI), Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM)-Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Montpellier (CHU Montpellier ), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Souro Sanou [Bobo-Dioulasso] (CHUSS), Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Pédiatrique Charles-de-Gaulle [Ouagadougou, Burkina Faso], Centre Hospitalier Universitaire Yalgado Ouédraogo (CHUYO), Centre d'Immunologie et de Maladies Infectieuses (CIMI), Université Pierre et Marie Curie - Paris 6 (UPMC)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Service de microbiologie [CHU Saint-Antoine], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)-Sorbonne Université (SU), Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier] (CHRU Montpellier)-Institut National de la Santé et de la Recherche Médicale (INSERM)-Université de Montpellier (UM), CHU Saint-Antoine [AP-HP], and Assistance publique - Hôpitaux de Paris (AP-HP) (AP-HP)-Sorbonne Université (SU)
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0301 basic medicine ,Male ,Clinical samples ,Klebsiella pneumoniae ,Antibiotics ,medicine.disease_cause ,0302 clinical medicine ,Medical microbiology ,[SDV.MHEP.MI]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Odds Ratio ,Prevalence ,polycyclic compounds ,030212 general & internal medicine ,Child ,Phylogeny ,education.field_of_study ,Enterobacteriaceae Infections ,Middle Aged ,Enterobacteriaceae ,3. Good health ,Anti-Bacterial Agents ,Infectious Diseases ,Child, Preschool ,[SDV.MHEP.MI] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Infectious diseases ,Inpatient and outpatient ,Female ,Research Article ,Adult ,DNA, Bacterial ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Adolescent ,medicine.drug_class ,030106 microbiology ,Population ,Biology ,beta-Lactamases ,Microbiology ,03 medical and health sciences ,Young Adult ,parasitic diseases ,Burkina Faso ,medicine ,Escherichia coli ,Humans ,Agar diffusion test ,education ,Aged ,Infant, Newborn ,Infant ,Sequence Analysis, DNA ,biochemical phenomena, metabolism, and nutrition ,biology.organism_classification ,bacterial infections and mycoses ,Parasitology ,ESBL ,Spectrometry, Mass, Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionization - Abstract
International audience; BACKGROUND:Nothing is known about the epidemiology and resistance mechanisms of extended-spectrum ß-lactamase-producing Enterobacteriaceae (ESBL-PE) in Burkina Faso. The objective of this study was to determine ESBL-PE prevalence and to characterize ESBL genes in Burkina Faso.METHODS:During 2 months (June-July 2014), 1602 clinical samples were sent for bacteriologic investigations to the microbiology laboratories of the tree main hospitals of Burkina Faso. Isolates were identified by mass spectrometry using a matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization-time of flight (MALDI-TOF) BioTyper. Antibiotic susceptibility was tested using the disk diffusion method on Müller-Hinton agar. The different ESBL genes in potential ESBL-producing isolates were detected by PCR and double stranded DNA sequencing. Escherichia coli phylogenetic groups were determined using a PCR-based method.RESULTS:ESBL-PE frequency was 58 % (179 strains among the 308 Enterobacteriaceae isolates identified in the collected samples; 45 % in outpatients and 70 % in hospitalized patients). The CTX-M-1 group was dominant (94 %, CTX-M-15 enzyme), followed by the CTX-M-9 group (4 %). ESBL producers were more often found in E. coli (67.5 %) and Klebsiella pneumoniae (26 %) isolates. E. coli isolates (n = 202; 60 % of all Enterobacteriaceae samples) were distributed in eight phylogenetic groups (A = 49, B1 = 15, B2 = 43, C = 22, Clade I = 7, D = 37, F = 13 and 16 unknown); 22 strains belonged to the sequence type ST131. No association between a specific strain and ESBL production was detected.CONCLUSIONS:This report shows the alarming spread of ESBL genes in Burkina Faso. Public health efforts should focus on education (population and healthcare professionals), surveillance and promotion of correct and restricted antibiotic use to limit their dissemination.
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