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La motilidad ocular sacádica, la capacidad de desplazar los ojos a saltos para recorrer un texto con la mirada, es una habilidad fundamental para la lectura. En el mundo de las ciencias visuales se tiene muy presente esta asociación entre sacádicos y lectura. La idea de que una pobre capacidad lectora está asociada a unos movimientos sacádicos deficientes está muy extendida. Dado que también se acepta el vínculo entre la comprensión lectora y el rendimiento escolar, se podría concluir que unos movimientos sacádicos de mala calidad podrían estar detrás, y ser los responsables últimos de un bajo rendimiento escolar..., Saccadic ocular motility, the ability to move the eyes in order to scan a text, is a fundamentalskill for reading.In the world of visual sciences, this association between saccades and reading is kept verymuch in mind. The idea that poor reading ability is associated with poor saccadic movementsis widespread. Given that the link between reading comprehension and school performanceis also accepted, it could be concluded that poor quality saccades could be behind,and ultimately responsible for, poor school performance...

Background: Childhood myopia represents a global concern with increasing prevalence in recent decades. Lifestyle factors significantly impact myopia. Aim: To evaluate lifestyle factors in myopic children from a metropolitan area in Europe. Methods: This was a descriptive study including myopic subjects aged 4–18 years. Patient demographic and clinical data were collected, including cycloplegic refraction in spherical equivalent refraction (SER) and axial length (AL). In addition, a questionnaire on lifestyle factors was conducted between September 2022 and April 2023. Results: A total of 321 myopic children were included, aged 10.72 ± 3.05 years, of whom 51.4% were boys, with SER −2.25 ± 1.9 D and AL 24.54 ± 0.98 mm. The mean age of myopia onset was 7.69 ± 3.05 years. A total of 59.8% had family history of myopia. Those children who had <2 h/day of screen time (on weekdays) presented SER −2 ± 1.91 D, compared to those who had >2 h/day, SER: −2.50 ±1.88 D (p = 0.009). Children who spent <2 h/day doing near work after school were less myopic compared to those who spent >2 h/day (SER: −1.75 ± 1.83 vs. SER: −2.75 ± 1.82, respectively, p = 0.03). However, no significant association was observed between SER and AL and time spent outdoors nor between SER and AL and academic performance (p > 0.05). Conclusions: Screen time and near-work time appear to be lifestyle factors related to myopia., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

This systematic review examines the use of eye-tracking devices in optometry, describing their main characteristics, areas of application and metrics used. Using the PRISMA method, a systematic search was performed of three databases. The search strategy identified 141 reports relevant to this topic, indicating the exponential growth over the past ten years of the use of eye trackers in optometry. Eye-tracking technology was applied in at least 12 areas of the field of optometry and rehabilitation, the main ones being optometric device technology, and the assessment, treatment, and analysis of ocular disorders. The main devices reported on were infrared light-based and had an image capture frequency of 60 Hz to 2000 Hz. The main metrics mentioned were fixations, saccadic movements, smooth pursuit, microsaccades, and pupil variables. Study quality was sometimes limited in that incomplete information was provided regarding the devices used, the study design, the methods used, participants' visual function and statistical treatment of data. While there is still a need for more research in this area, eye-tracking devices should be more actively incorporated as a useful tool with both clinical and research applications. This review highlights the robustness this technology offers to obtain objective information about a person's vision in terms of optometry and visual function, with implications for improving visual health services and our understanding of the vision process., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, submitted

Background: Due to the importance of choroidal thickness in the development of myopia, this study examined the effect of MiSight contact lenses (CLs) on the choroidal thickness of myopic children and the differences between responders and non-responders to the treatment with these CLs. Methods: A total of 41 myopic children were fitted with MiSight CLs and 33 with single-vision spectacles. They were followed up for two years. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and choroidal thickness 1 and 3 mm temporal and nasal to the fovea were measured by OCT at baseline and one and two years after the treatment. Differences in all the choroidal thickness parameters were assessed in each group over time. Patients from the MiSight group were classified based on a specific range of changes in axial length at the end of the second year of treatment as “responders” (AL change < 0.22 mm/per year) and “non-responders”, and the choroidal thickness of both groups was analyzed. Results: The subfoveal choroidal thickness of the MiSight and single-vision spectacle groups did not show any changes over time. Wearing MiSight CLs induced relative choroidal thickening in the responder group in the first year of treatment. Conclusion: Choroidal thickness might work as a predictor of the effectiveness of MiSight in myopia treatment., Sofia University Hospital, Henares University Hospital Foundation for Biomedical Research and Innovation, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

La creación de un colgajo corneal o flap en el LASIK se puede realizar mediante un microqueratomo mecánico o un láser de femtosegundo (Femto-LASIK). En el mercado existen varias plataformas láser de femtosegundo que emplean diferentes diseños de cono de aplanación (plano vs. curvo). Teóricamente, el láser de femtosegundo asociado a un cono plano induce un mayor incremento de la presión intraocular (PIO) durante la creación del flap que el láser de femtosegundo que emplea un cono curvo. El primer estudio tiene como objetivo medir en ojos porcinos los incrementos de PIO durante la creación de un flap corneal empleando cuatro plataformas láser de femtosegundo con diseños diferentes. Basándonos en la suposición de que los láseres de femtosegundo incrementan la PIO de manera brusca y elevada, este hecho podría impactar negativamente sobre las estructuras oculares. Por ello, el objetivo del segundo y tercer estudio se centra en evaluar los posibles cambios en el espesor de la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina (CFNR) y en medir la respuesta eléctrica de las células ganglionares de la retina mediante electrorretinografía en patrón (pERG) en pacientes sometidos a cirugía refractiva Femto-LASIK.., The creation of a LASIK flap can be performed by using a mechanical microkeratome or a femtosecond laser. Several femtosecond laser platforms have been specifically developed for LASIK flap creation and other corneal procedures with different types of patient interface (flat vs. curved). Theoretically, a flat patient interface induces a higher level of suction and a greater elevation of the intraocular pressure (IOP) during LASIK flap creation. So, the first purpose was to measure IOP elevations in porcine eyes during LASIK performed using 4 different femtosecond laser platforms with different designs. It has been hypothesized that high levels of IOP during LASIK could induce posterior segment complications. Thus, the aim of the second and third study was to evaluate possible changes in retinal nerve fiber layer (RFNL) thickness and the electrical function of retinal ganglion cells (RGC) through pattern electroretinogram (pERG) in patients who underwent Femto-LASIK surgery...

This systematic review examines the use of eye-tracking devices in optometry, describing their main characteristics, areas of application and metrics used. Using the PRISMA method, a systematic search was performed of three databases. The search strategy identified 141 reports relevant to this topic, indicating the exponential growth over the past ten years of the use of eye trackers in optometry. Eye-tracking technology was applied in at least 12 areas of the field of optometry and rehabilitation, the main ones being optometric device technology, and the assessment, treatment, and analysis of ocular disorders. The main devices reported on were infrared light-based and had an image capture frequency of 60 Hz to 2000 Hz. The main metrics mentioned were fixations, saccadic movements, smooth pursuit, microsaccades, and pupil variables. Study quality was sometimes limited in that incomplete information was provided regarding the devices used, the study design, the methods used, participants' visual function and statistical treatment of data. While there is still a need for more research in this area, eye-tracking devices should be more actively incorporated as a useful tool with both clinical and research applications. This review highlights the robustness this technology offers to obtain objective information about a person's vision in terms of optometry and visual function, with implications for improving visual health services and our understanding of the vision process., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, submitted

AIM: To evaluate the distribution of refractive error in young subjects in a rural area of Paraguay in the context of an international cooperation campaign for the prevention of blindness. METHODS: A sample of 1466 young subjects (ranging from 3 to 22 years old), with a mean age of 11.21±3.63 years old, were examined to assess their distance visual acuity (VA) and refractive error. The first screening examination performed by trained volunteers, included visual acuity testing, autokeratometry and non-cycloplegic autorefraction. Inclusion criteria for a second complete cycloplegic eye examination by an optometrist were VA <20/25 (0.10 logMAR or 0.8 decimal) and/or corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D. RESULTS: An uncorrected distance VA of 0 logMAR (1.0 decimal) was found in 89.2% of children. VA <20/25 and/or corneal astigmatism ≥1.50 D was found in 3.9% of children (n=57), with a prevalence of hyperopia of 5.2% (0.2% of the total) in this specific group. Furthermore, myopia (spherical equivalent ≤-0.5 D) was found in 37.7% of the refracted children (0.5% of the total). The prevalence of refractive astigmatism (cylinder ≤-1.50 D) was 15.8% (0.6% of the total). Visual impairment (VI) (0.05≤VA≤0.3) was found in 12/114 (0.4%) of the refracted eyes. Main causes for VI were refractive error (58%), retinal problems (17%, 2/12), albinism (17%, 2/12) and unknown (8%, 1/12). CONCLUSION: A low prevalence of refractive error has been found in this rural area of Paraguay, with higher prevalence of myopia than of hyperopia., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

ARTICLE HISTORY: Received 11 September 2020 Revised 5 January 2021 Accepted 8 January 2021, Purpose: To investigate whether cessation of MiSight contact lens (CLs) wear for myopia control produces rebound effect. Material and Methods: This study recruited participants who had just completed the MASS Study, a two-year randomized clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy of MiSight® CLs versus distance single vision (SV) spectacles in myopic children. To assess the rebound effect, axial length progression was taken into account in those children that continued one more year of follow-up. At this visit, children were divided into three groups: MiSight-C group, in which children from the original study group continued MiSight CLs wear for the duration of the study; MiSight-D group, in which children from the original study group discontinued MiSight CLs wear in the last year; and SV-C group, in which children from the original control group continued wearing single-vision spectacles for the duration of the study. The last group was considered as the control group. Results: Of the 74 children who completed the MASS study, 55 children completed the 1-year follow-up and were included in the analysis. Thirteen children were included in the MiSight-C group, 18 in the MiSight-D group, and 24 in the Single Vision-C group. Axial length and myopia progression in the last year were 0.15± 0.11 mm, 0.22± 0.11 mm, 0.21± 0.10 mm and −0.37±0.44D, −0.46±0.39D and −0.55±0.45D for the three groups, respectively. No significant differences in axial elongation and myopia progression were found among the three groups of participants. Conclusions: Over a one-year period, neither myopia progression nor eye growth was faster for the subjects who discontinued MiSight contact lens wear compared to those who continued to wear MiSight contact lenses or those who continued to wear single-vision spectacles, indicating no rebound effect with MiSight contact lenses for 2 years., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

The VI International Symposium of Young Optometrists (SIYO 2022) took place from November 14-28 2022 in its usual online format. This conference aims to create a space where young optometry students and optometry practitioners are the protagonists. This book of proceedings contains the abstracts of the different contributions to the conference. Its contents are organizing in two sections: invited and sponsored oral communication and workshops, and free communication. This last section is divided in oral communications and poster communications, comprising the conference’s different thematic areas. The Organizing Committee thanks all the young and senior researchers that have contributed their work to the conference, the members of the Scientific Commettee for their careful reviews of the works and the different enterprises and accademic or offical entities that have sponsored this event.El Simposio Internacional de Jóvenes Optometristas pretende crear un espacio donde participen conjuntamente jóvenes estudiantes y profesionales de la optometría para facilitar la divulgación de sus investigaciones, así como el contacto y la colaboración. Este libro recopila los resúmenes de las diferentes contribuciones que se presentaron en su cuarta edición, que se celebró del 14 al 28 de noviembre de 2022 en su habitual formato en línea. Se organiza en dos secciones que comprenden las diferentes áreas temáticas de las conferencias, con el objetivo de mejorar la atención en el ámbito de la óptica y la optometría mediante la integración de la investigación en la práctica sanitaria.

Received: 14 November 2022 / Revised: 18 December 2022 / Accepted: 21 December 2022 / Published: 23 December 2022 (This article belongs to the Special Issue Medical Optical Imaging: Current Diagnostics, Therapeutic and Surgical Applications in Ophthalmology—Volume 2), In vivo corneal confocal microscopy (IVCM) is a non-invasive ophthalmic imaging technique that provides images of the cornea at the cellular level. Despite the uses in ocular surface pathologies, in the last decades IVCM has been used to provide more knowledge in refractive surgery wound healing, in neuropathies diagnosis, etc. The observation of the corneal cells, both normal and inflammatory, and the possibility of quantification of the corneal nerve density with manual or automated tools, makes IVCM have a significant potential to improve the diagnosis and prognosis in several systemic and corneal conditions., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Background: Due to the importance of choroidal thickness in the development of myopia, this study examined the effect of MiSight contact lenses (CLs) on the choroidal thickness of myopic children and the differences between responders and non-responders to the treatment with these CLs. Methods: A total of 41 myopic children were fitted with MiSight CLs and 33 with single-vision spectacles. They were followed up for two years. Subfoveal choroidal thickness and choroidal thickness 1 and 3 mm temporal and nasal to the fovea were measured by OCT at baseline and one and two years after the treatment. Differences in all the choroidal thickness parameters were assessed in each group over time. Patients from the MiSight group were classified based on a specific range of changes in axial length at the end of the second year of treatment as “responders” (AL change < 0.22 mm/per year) and “non-responders”, and the choroidal thickness of both groups was analyzed. Results: The subfoveal choroidal thickness of the MiSight and single-vision spectacle groups did not show any changes over time. Wearing MiSight CLs induced relative choroidal thickening in the responder group in the first year of treatment. Conclusion: Choroidal thickness might work as a predictor of the effectiveness of MiSight in myopia treatment., Hospital Universitario Infanta Sofía (España), Fundación para la Investigación Biomédica del Hospital Universitario Ramón y Cajal (España), Depto. de Medicina, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, Fac. de Medicina, TRUE, pub

La creación de un colgajo corneal o flap en el LASIK se puede realizar mediante un microqueratomo mecánico o un láser de femtosegundo (Femto-LASIK). En el mercado existen varias plataformas láser de femtosegundo que emplean diferentes diseños de cono de aplanación (plano vs. curvo). Teóricamente, el láser de femtosegundo asociado a un cono plano induce un mayor incremento de la presión intraocular (PIO) durante la creación del flap que el láser de femtosegundo que emplea un cono curvo. El primer estudio tiene como objetivo medir en ojos porcinos los incrementos de PIO durante la creación de un flap corneal empleando cuatro plataformas láser de femtosegundo con diseños diferentes. Basándonos en la suposición de que los láseres de femtosegundo incrementan la PIO de manera brusca y elevada, este hecho podría impactar negativamente sobre las estructuras oculares. Por ello, el objetivo del segundo y tercer estudio se centra en evaluar los posibles cambios en el espesor de la capa de fibras nerviosas de la retina (CFNR) y en medir la respuesta eléctrica de las células ganglionares de la retina mediante electrorretinografía en patrón (pERG) en pacientes sometidos a cirugía refractiva Femto-LASIK..

El desarrollo de las prácticas de esta asignatura tiene un componente teórico previo a la ejecución práctica y, en consecuencia, el uso de material en video que favorezcan un aprendizaje on-line activo, autónomo y colaborativo es de vital importancia en conceptos claves. Además, la resolución de casos clínicos a través de cuestiones auto-evaluativas fomenta el aprendizaje clínico basado en el desarrollo de las consultas optométricas con este tipo de pacientes.

ARTICLE HISTORY: Received 11 September 2020 Revised 5 January 2021 Accepted 8 January 2021, Purpose: To investigate whether cessation of MiSight contact lens (CLs) wear for myopia control produces rebound effect. Material and Methods: This study recruited participants who had just completed the MASS Study, a two-year randomized clinical trial designed to assess the efficacy of MiSight® CLs versus distance single vision (SV) spectacles in myopic children. To assess the rebound effect, axial length progression was taken into account in those children that continued one more year of follow-up. At this visit, children were divided into three groups: MiSight-C group, in which children from the original study group continued MiSight CLs wear for the duration of the study; MiSight-D group, in which children from the original study group discontinued MiSight CLs wear in the last year; and SV-C group, in which children from the original control group continued wearing single-vision spectacles for the duration of the study. The last group was considered as the control group. Results: Of the 74 children who completed the MASS study, 55 children completed the 1-year follow-up and were included in the analysis. Thirteen children were included in the MiSight-C group, 18 in the MiSight-D group, and 24 in the Single Vision-C group. Axial length and myopia progression in the last year were 0.15± 0.11 mm, 0.22± 0.11 mm, 0.21± 0.10 mm and −0.37±0.44D, −0.46±0.39D and −0.55±0.45D for the three groups, respectively. No significant differences in axial elongation and myopia progression were found among the three groups of participants. Conclusions: Over a one-year period, neither myopia progression nor eye growth was faster for the subjects who discontinued MiSight contact lens wear compared to those who continued to wear MiSight contact lenses or those who continued to wear single-vision spectacles, indicating no rebound effect with MiSight contact lenses for 2 years., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Date received: 1 April 2021 / Accepted: 9 July 2021 / First Published: 27 July 2021., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, inpress

Por cuarto año consecutivo los doctorandos de la Facultad de Óptica y Optometría de la Universidad Complutense de Madrid cuentan con un congreso propio organizado por y para ellos, el 4º PhDAY- FOO. Se trata de un congreso gratuito abierto en la que estos jóvenes científicos podrán presentar sus investigaciones al resto de sus compañeros predoctorales y a toda la comunidad universitaria que quiera disfrutar de este evento. Apunta en tu agenda: el 15 de octubre de 2020. En esta ocasión será un Congreso On-line para evitar que la incertidumbre asociada a la pandemia Covid-19 pudiera condicionar su celebración.

Received: July 17, 2019 Accepted: May 19, 2020, PURPOSE: To assess the effect of prior myopic ablations on the optical performance of a trifocal diffractive intraocular lens (IOL) and a novel extended depth of focus (EDOF) diffractive design. METHODS:The novel XACT Mono-EDOF ME4 diffractive IOL (Santen Pharmaceutical) and the trifocal diffractive FineVision IOL (PhysIOL) were analyzed standing alone and combined with a simulated myopic corneal ablation. The optical quality of the IOLs in both situations was evaluated with the PMTF optical bench (LAMBDA-X). The through-focus modulation transfer function (MTF) curves and the MTF at three different focal points (+0.50, 0.00, and −0.50 diopters [D]) were recorded. RESULTS: The through-focus MTF curves showed three differentiated peaks for the trifocal IOL and two overlapped peaks for the EDOF IOL. The presence of simulated myopic corneal ablations induces a −0.50 D shift on the overall through-focus curves and softens the multifocal properties of both lenses by decreasing the variations through focus of the MTF. For the analysis of the lenses standing alone, the highest MTF values were obtained for an object vergence of 0.00 D. For a simulated myopic corneal ablation, both IOLs showed better optical quality results at −0.50 D. CONCLUSIONS: The trifocal IOL provides better optical quality at far and near distances when analyzed alone. The EDOF IOL optical properties are more stable when a myopic ablation is introduced. Preoperative calculations of both lenses should consider that prior myopic corneal ablations induce a −0.50 D shift on their far peak quality., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received: April 22, 2020. Accepted: January 25, 2021. Published: March 10, 2021., Purpose: The purpose of this study was to measure the intraocular pressure (IOP) elevation during laser assisted in situ keratomileusis (LASIK) flap creation using the WaveLight FS200 femtosecond (FS) laser platform. Methods: We conducted an ex vivo experimental study in an animal model. The WaveLight FS200 FS laser platform was used to perform the corneal LASIK flap in freshly enucleated porcine eyes. We measured the changes in IOP from the application of the suction ring (suctioning phase) through the creation of the lamellar corneal flap (cutting phase). The IOP was recorded using a manometric technique with direct cannulation to the anterior chamber. Results: Nine freshly enucleated porcine eyes were included in the study. The mean baseline IOP before the procedure was 20.33 ± 5.9 mm Hg. The mean IOP increase over baseline IOP was 32.33 ± 11.3 mm Hg at the suctioning phase, and 38.22 ± 11.3 mm Hg at the cutting phase. The total surgical time needed to complete the procedure was 29.5 ± 4.4 seconds. Conclusions: The WaveLight FS200 FS laser platform produces a low to moderate increase in IOP during LASIK flap creation. Translational Relevance: The WaveLight FS200 is a safe FS laser platform because it induces a low to moderate IOP increase during LASIK flap creation., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

El objetivo es optimizar el uso de un programa informático de registro y almacenamiento de datos clínicos y la creación de una nueva herramienta para generar informes clínicos. Los informes clínicos forman parte de la evaluación del alumno.

Epub ahead of print (26/04/2019), Objetive: To assess the intrarater repeatability of the measurements of tear meniscus height (TMH), noninvasive keratograph tear break-up time (NIKBUTs), and ocular redness measurements obtained with the Keratograph 5M (K5M) in a sample of soft silicone hydrogel contact lens (CL) wearers over 15 days. Methods: Prospective study over two consecutive weeks. Three measurements of TMH, NIKBUTs (NIKBUT first and NIKBUT average), and ocular redness were obtained in different sessions; the first day (baseline, at 8 hr of wear, and after lens removal) and the last day of wear-15th day (at 8 hr of wear and after lens removal). The repeatability of measurements were assessed by two intraclass correlation coefficient (ICC) forms; single measurement [ICC (2,1)] and multiple measurements (k=3) [ICC (2, k)]. Results: Sixty-four eyes were analyzed. The repeatability of baseline TMH [ICC (2,1) greater than 0.90; coefficient of repeatability (CR)=0.06 mm] and after and during CL wear [ICC (2,k) greater than 0.90; CR≤0.07 mm] were excellent. The repeatability of baseline NIKBUT average [ICC (2,k)=0.89 (0.82-0.93); CR=6.07 sec] was maintained after CL removal but was poorer during CL wear. The repeatability of baseline NIKBUT first [ICC (2,k) =0.80 (0.69-0.87); CR=8.74 sec] was maintained after CL removal and during CL wear at moderate-good level. Conclusions: Intrarater repeatability of TMH, NIKBUTs, and ocular redness performed by K5M after CL wear remains stable when three measurements are performed. However, intrarater repeatability during CL wear decreased only for NIKBUT average and was not affected by time of use (15 days)., Unión Europea. H2020, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received 5 April 2019; Revised 27 May 2019; Accepted 10 June 2019; Published 9 July 2019, Objective. The aim of this study was to investigate tear film optical quality dynamics for four types of silicone hydrogel contact lenses (SHCLs) for daily wear over a 15-day period and for different blink rate (BR) patterns. Methods. A prospective randomized, double-blind, cross-over pilot study including four SHCLs (A: lotrafilcon B (Air Optix plus HydraGlyde, Alcon Laboratories); B: samfilcon A (Ultra, Bausch & Lomb); C: comfilcon A (Biofinity, CooperVision); and D: filcom V3 (Blu:gen, Mark’Ennovy)). Serial measurements of Objective Scatter Index (OSI) using the HD Analyzer (Visiometrics S.L., Terrassa, Spain) were taken at different blinking patterns: blinking every 2.5 seconds (high BRs) and every 9 seconds (low BRs). They were performed during the first visit before CL insertion (baseline), after 20 minutes of CL wear (Day 1), and during the last visit after 8 hours of CL wear on day 15 of use (Day 15). Results. Normal young healthy subjects were recruited and fitted with the four lenses. For low BRs, the mean OSI value increased over time for all CLs and the slope of the curve also increased for all CLs, except for CL D. However, for high BRs, the mean OSI value increased only for CLs B and C and the slope of the curve did not change over time for any of them. Conclusions. These results suggest that the tear film optical quality dynamics after wearing SCHLs for 15 days seems to undergo a slight deterioration only for lowest BR., Unión Europea. H2020, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received:July 24, 2018 Revised:December 13, 2018, AIM: To assess and compare the impact of a daily disposable contact lens (CL) with high water content on the ocular surface and comfort of the presbyopic and non-presbyopic population after one day of use. METHODS: Totally 20 presbyopes and 30 non-presbyopes non-contact wearers were fitted with nesofilcon A CLs. CL thickness was measured to assess material stability during daily wear, and ocular surface parameters were also assessed. Optical quality was analyzed for all cases. In addition, CL comfort was rated. RESULTS: No significant differences were found in CL thickness, tear film osmolarity, average tear break-up time, bulbar redness, central corneal thickness, corneal volume, root-mean-square of higher-order aberrations (RMS of HOAs) and vertical and horizontal coma, either as a function of the group or time of use. A significant decrease in tear meniscus height and first break-up of the tear film was found in the presbyopic group (P=0.038; P=0.007 respectively). A decrease in spherical aberration coefficient was found after CL insertion (P=0.031 monofocal CL; P=0.023 low addition multifocal CL; P=0.016 high addition multifocal CL). Multifocal CL were thicker than monofocal CL (P=0.045). Comparison between groups showed more discomfort in presbyopes than non-presbyopes (P=0.003). CONCLUSION: This study evidence that the behavior of the daily disposable CL with high water content seems to be stable during the day of use. Ocular parameters measured during wear show that CL behavior is the same for presbyopes and non-presbyopes, being more uncomfortable for presbyopes., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received:April 04, 2018 Revised:October 11, 2018, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Las tasas de prevalencia de las disfun-ciones acomodativas en población no-présbita se sitúan entre valores del 2% y 60%. Su variabilidad y alta presencia en la población, justifica el estudio de este tipo de alteraciones. Uno de los objetivos de la Tesis ha sido la caracterización de la po-blación con insuficiencia y exceso de aco-modación que presenta síntomas visuales, con edades comprendidas entre 6 y 40 años.Otro de los objetivos fue el estudio de la relación entre la edad y la amplitud de acomodación de nuestra muestra.El tercer y último objetivo fue el análisis de la capacidad diagnóstica de la diferencia entre el error refractivo pre y post cicloplegia, definido como error refractivo latente (ERL), en la población miope con exceso de acomodación..., The prevalence of accommodative dys-functions in the non-presbyopic population is between 2% and 60%. High variability and incidence justifies the study of these types of accommodative dysfunctions. One of the aim of this thesis was to better characterize the population of patients aged between 6 and 40 years old with accommodative insufficiency (AI) and accommodative excess (AE) that develop visual symptoms not justified by organic or refractive criteria.Another aim was to study the relationship between age and AA in our cohort of patients.The third and final aim was to analyze the diagnostic relevance in the myopic popula-tion of the difference between non-cycloplegic and cycloplegic refraction, defined as latent refractive error (LRE)...

Correspondence with reply. Accesible en la web del editor., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received 21 April 2018, Accepted 30 June 2018, Available online 5 October 2018., The human retina, as transducer of light energy, is especially exposed to light toxicity. Solar maculopathy has been the only form of photic maculopathy for millennia, often secondary to the observation of an eclipse. During the last century, technological advances have led to the appearance of new forms of photic maculopathy, related to the exposure to new forms of artificial light, such as welding devices and lasers. In recent years, the general use of laser pointers has led to an upturn in interest in this pathology. The aim of this review is to offer an integrated view of the different types of photic maculopathy. Due to the extension of this topic, the review is presented divided into two parts. In this first part solar maculopathy and welding arc maculopathy are presented., La retina humana, como tejido transductor de la energía lumínica, está especialmente expuesta a la toxicidad inducida por la exposición a la luz. La maculopatía solar ha sido durante milenios la única forma de maculopatía fótica, muchas veces en relación con la observación de un eclipse. Durante el último siglo los avances tecnológicos han conducido a la aparición de nuevas formas de retinopatía fótica, en relación con la exposición a nuevas formas de luz artificial como los dispositivos de soldar o emisores de láser. En los últimos años la generalización del uso de punteros láser ha hecho que repunte el interés por esta patología. El objetivo de esta revisión es ofrecer una visión integrada de los diversos tipos de maculopatía fótica. La revisión se presenta dividida en dos partes, debido a la extensión del tema tratado. En esta primera parte se trata la maculopatía solar y la maculopatía producida por exposición a los dispositivos de soldar., Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, pub

Received 6 September 2018, Revised 12 December 2018, Accepted 18 December 2018, Available online 23 December 2018., Purpose: The aim of the current study is to assess, using new technologies, the interaction of four monthly silicone hydrogel contact lenses on the ocular surface and the comfort over 15 days of use. Methods: Prospective cross-over, randomized and double-masked study including four materials (lotrafilcon-B, samfilcon-A , comfilcon-A and filcom-V3). Clinical examination was performed in the following order: tear meniscus height, first break-up of the tear film, the average time of all tear film breakup incidents, bulbar redness, limbal redness (Keratograph 5M ,Oculus, Germany); central corneal thickness (Pentacam, Oculus, Germany), thermography values (FLIR A325; FLIR Systems Inc., USA), and slit-lamp evaluations, including ocular surface staining. Finally, subjective comfort was obtained from Contact Lens Dry Eye Questionnaire-8. Results: The impact of contact lens wear on the ocular surface didn’t show statistically significant changes over time except for corneal and conjunctival staining grades on day 15 compared to day 1 for the comfilcon A group (P = .003 and P = .01, respectively). Contact lens stability and impact on the ocular surface during contact lens wear didn’t show statistically significant changes over time except in the case of the comfilcon A material with respect to the irritation item (P = .01). Conclusions: These results suggest that the impact of monthly silicone hydrogel contact lens materials on the ocular surface after and during contact lens wear, contact lens stability over time, and subjective comfort did not reveal any significant changes over 15 days of use for any of the materials., Unión Europea. H2020, Depto. de Optometría y Visión, Fac. de Óptica y Optometría, TRUE, inpress

Estudio observacional diseñado para describir las características demográficas y sociales de los doctores en Óptica y Optometría en España, así como las características intrínsecas del propio doctorado, las dificultades existentes en la obtención de la tesis doctoral y las posteriores salidas profesionales.Los datos se obtuvieron mediante una encuesta que contestaron 39 doctorados. Se observó que la proporción entre hombres y mujeres que finalizaron el doctorado es muy parecida a la existente entre el colectivo de colegiados de Óptica y Optometría. La forma más frecuente de acceder fue mediante el estudio de un Máster Oficial de dos años (120 créditos ECTS), la edad media de inicio fue de 35 años con una duración aproximada de 4 años. Las emociones experimentadas por los doctorandos a lo largo de sus estudios son compatibles con los signos y síntomas que experimentan las personas afectadas de “burnout” o depresión, en parte a consecuencia de los problemas derivados de conciliación familiar y de la sobrecarga de trabajo. Aun existiendo estos factores y la necesidad de realizar cambios importantes en los hábitos diarios a lo largo de todo el período de estudio,un 66,7% de los encuestados volverían a realizarlo., Peer Reviewed, Postprint (published version)