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6. “Click and mortar” opportunities for digitization and consumerism in trials

Author

Randell, Rachel L., Hornik, Christoph P., Curtis, Lesley, Hernandez, Adrian F., Denwood, Tom, Nebeker, Camille, Sugarman, Jeremy, Tyl, Benoit, Murakami, Masahiro, Willberforce, Leslie O, Pagato, Sherry, Vedin, Ola, Andersson, Tomas, Carrasquillo, Olveen, Dolor, Rowena, Kollins, Scott H., Pellegrino, Jill, and Ranney, Megan L.

Published
2023

7. Costs and benefits of automation for astronomical facilities

Author

Yanes-Díaz, A., Rueda-Teruel, S., Bello, R., Lozano-Pérez, D., Royo-Navarro, M., Civera, T., Domínguez-Martínez, M., Martínez-Olivar, N., Chueca, S., Iñiguez, C., Marin-Franch, A., Rueda-Teruel, F., López-Alegre, G., Bielsa, S., Muñoz-Maudos, J., Rueda-Asensio, H., Muñoz-Teruel, A., Garcés-Cubel, D., Soriano-Laguía, I., Almarcegui-Gracia, M., Cenarro, A. J., Moles, M., Cristobal-Hornillos, D., Varela, J., Ederoclite, A., Ramió, H. Vázquez, Díaz-Martín, M. C., Iglesias-Marzoa, R., Castillo, J., López-Sainz, A., Hernández-Fuertes, J., Muniesa-Gallardo, D., Moreno-Signes, A., Hernán-Caballero, A., López-Sanjuan, C., del Pino, A., Akhlaghi, M., Pintos-Castro, I., Fernández-Ontiveros, J., Hernández-Pérez, F., Pyrzas, S., Infante-Sainz, R., Kuutma, T., Lumbreras-Calle, D., Maícas-Sacristán, N., Lamadrid-Gutierrez, J., López-Martínez, F., Galindo-Guil, P., Lacruz-Calderón, E., Valdivielso-Casas, L., Aguilar-Martín, M., Eskandarlou, S., Domínguez-Fernández, A., Arizo-Borillo, F., Vaquero-Valer, S., Muñoz-Igado, I., Alegre-Sánchez, M., Julián-CaballeroDeEspaña, G., Romero, A., and Casinos-Cardo, D.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics
Abstract

The Observatorio Astrof\'isico de Javalambre (OAJ{\dag}1) in Spain is a young astronomical facility, conceived and developed from the beginning as a fully automated observatory with the main goal of optimizing the processes in the scientific and general operation of the Observatory. The OAJ has been particularly conceived for carrying out large sky surveys with two unprecedented telescopes of unusually large fields of view (FoV): the JST/T250, a 2.55m telescope of 3deg field of view, and the JAST/T80, an 83cm telescope of 2deg field of view. The most immediate objective of the two telescopes for the next years is carrying out two unique photometric surveys of several thousands square degrees, J-PAS{\dag}2 and J-PLUS{\dag}3, each of them with a wide range of scientific applications, like e.g. large structure cosmology and Dark Energy, galaxy evolution, supernovae, Milky Way structure, exoplanets, among many others. To do that, JST and JAST are equipped with panoramic cameras under development within the J-PAS collaboration, JPCam and T80Cam respectively, which make use of large format (~ 10k x 10k) CCDs covering the entire focal plane. This paper describes in detail, from operations point of view, a comparison between the detailed cost of the global automation of the Observatory and the standard automation cost for astronomical facilities, in reference to the total investment and highlighting all benefits obtained from this approach and difficulties encountered. The paper also describes the engineering development of the overall facilities and infrastructures for the fully automated observatory and a global overview of current status, pinpointing lessons learned in order to boost observatory operations performance, achieving scientific targets, maintaining quality requirements, but also minimizing operation cost and human resources., Comment: Global Observatory Control System GOCS

Published
2022
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8. Hydroxychloroquine for pre-exposure prophylaxis of COVID-19 in health care workers: a randomized, multicenter, placebo-controlled trial Healthcare Worker Exposure Response and Outcomes of Hydroxychloroquine (HERO-HCQ)

Author

Naggie, Susanna, Milstone, Aaron, Castro, Mario, Collins, Sean P, Lakshmi, Seetha, Anderson, Deverick J, Cahuayme-Zuniga, Lizbeth, Turner, Kisha Batey, Cohen, Lauren W, Currier, Judith, Fraulo, Elizabeth, Friedland, Anne, Garg, Jyotsna, George, Anoop, Mulder, Hillary, Olson, Rachel E, O'Brien, Emily C, Rothman, Russell L, Shenkman, Elizabeth, Shostak, Jack, Woods, Christopher W, Anstrom, Kevin J, Hernandez, Adrian F, and Program, HERO Research

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Prevention, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Lung, Infectious Diseases, Clinical Research, Clinical Trials and Supportive Activities, Evaluation of treatments and therapeutic interventions, 6.1 Pharmaceuticals, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, Humans, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, Hydroxychloroquine, Pre-Exposure Prophylaxis, COVID-19 Drug Treatment, Health Personnel, Treatment Outcome, Health care workers, Trial design, HERO Research Program, Microbiology, Medical Microbiology, Public Health and Health Services, Clinical sciences, Epidemiology, Public health
Abstract

ObjectivesTo determine whether hydroxychloroquine (HCQ) is safe and effective at preventing COVID-19 infections among health care workers (HCWs).MethodsIn a 1: 1 randomized, placebo-controlled, double-blind, parallel-group, superiority trial at 34 US clinical centers, 1360 HCWs at risk for COVID-19 infection were enrolled between April and November 2020. Participants were randomized to HCQ or matched placebo. The HCQ dosing included a loading dose of HCQ 600 mg twice on day 1, followed by 400 mg daily for 29 days. The primary outcome was a composite of confirmed or suspected COVID-19 clinical infection by day 30, defined as new-onset fever, cough, or dyspnea and either a positive SARS-CoV-2 polymerase chain reaction test (confirmed) or a lack of confirmatory testing due to local restrictions (suspected).ResultsStudy enrollment closed before full accrual due to recruitment challenges. The primary end point occurred in 41 (6.0%) participants receiving HCQ and 53 (7.8%) participants receiving placebo. No difference in the proportion of participants experiencing clinical infection (estimated difference of -1.8%, 95% confidence interval -4.6-0.9%, P = 0.20) was identified nor any significant safety issues.ConclusionOral HCQ taken as prescribed appeared safe among HCWs. No significant clinical benefits were observed. The study was not powered to detect a small but potentially important reduction in infection.Trial registrationNCT04334148.

Published
2023

11. Mentoring Program and Students’ Well-Being

Author

Rincon-Flores, Elvira G., Vázquez, Nohemí Rivera, Rodríguez Hernández, Carlos F., Huang, Ronghuai, Series Editor, Kinshuk, Series Editor, Jemni, Mohamed, Series Editor, Chen, Nian-Shing, Series Editor, Spector, J. Michael, Series Editor, Gonçalves, José Alexandre de Carvalho, editor, Lima, José Luís Sousa de Magalhães, editor, Coelho, João Paulo, editor, García-Peñalvo, Francisco José, editor, and García-Holgado, Alicia, editor

Published
2024
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26. Framework of the strengths and challenges of clinically integrated trials: An expert panel report

Author

Peters, Anthony E., Jones, W. Schuyler, Anderson, Brian, Bramante, Carolyn T., Broedl, Uli, Hornik, Christoph P., Kehoe, Lindsay, Knowlton, Kirk U., Krofah, Esther, Landray, Martin, Locke, Trevan, Patel, Manesh R., Psotka, Mitchell, Rockhold, Frank W., Roessig, Lothar, Rothman, Russell L., Schofield, Lesley, Stockbridge, Norman, Trontell, Anne, Curtis, Lesley H., Tenaerts, Pamela, and Hernandez, Adrian F.

Published
2024
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28. Interleukin-6 and Cardiovascular Events in Healthy Adults: MESA

Author

Khan, Muhammad Shahzeb, Talha, Khawaja M., Maqsood, Muhammad Haisum, Rymer, Jennifer A., Borlaug, Barry A., Docherty, Kieran F., Pandey, Ambarish, Kahles, Florian, Cikes, Maja, Lam, Carolyn S.P., Ducharme, Anique, Voors, Adrian A., Hernandez, Adrian F., Lincoff, A. Michael, Petrie, Mark C., Ridker, Paul M., and Fudim, Marat

Published
2024
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30. Angiotensin Receptor Neprilysin Inhibition and Associated Outcomes by Race and Ethnicity in Patients With Heart Failure With Reduced Ejection Fraction: Data From CHAMP‐HF

Author

Chapman, Brittany, Hellkamp, Anne S, Thomas, Laine E, Albert, Nancy M, Butler, Javed, Patterson, J Herbert, Hernandez, Adrian F, Williams, Fredonia B, Shen, Xian, Spertus, John A, Fonarow, Gregg C, and DeVore, Adam D

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular, Clinical Research, Heart Disease, angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitor, heart failure, population groups, registries, sacubitril/valsartan, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

Background There are limited data on the use of angiotensin receptor neprilysin inhibitors (ARNIs) in minority populations with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction. We used data from the CHAMP-HF (Change the Management of Patients With Heart Failure) registry to evaluate ARNI initiation and associated changes in health status and clinical outcomes across different races and ethnicities. Methods and Results CHAMP-HF was a prospective, observational registry of US outpatients with chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction. We compared patients starting ARNI with patients not starting ARNI using a propensity-matched analysis. Patients were grouped as Hispanic, non-Hispanic Black, non-Hispanic White, or non-Hispanic other individuals, where "non-Hispanic other" consists of all patients who did not identify as Hispanic, Black, or White. Health status was assessed using the 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire. Outcomes were analyzed with multivariable models that included race and ethnicity, ARNI initiation, and an interaction term between race and ethnicity and ARNI initiation. Cox proportional hazards models were used for death/HF hospitalization, and multiple regression was used for change in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score. The analysis included 1516 patients, with 758 patients in each group (ARNI and no ARNI). Changes in Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire score after ARNI initiation were similar among all race and ethnicity groups (mean [SD], non-Hispanic White individuals, 3.5 [19.0]; non-Hispanic Black individuals, 2.0 [17.0]; non-Hispanic other individuals, 5.5 [20.3]; and Hispanic individuals, 3.2 [20.1]), with no statistically significant interaction between race and ethnicity and ARNI initiation (P=0.21). There was similarly no statistically significant interaction between race and ethnicity and ARNI initiation for HF hospitalization (P=0.82) or all-cause mortality (P=0.92). Conclusions In a large registry of outpatients with HF with reduced ejection fraction, the association between ARNI initiation and outcomes did not differ by race and ethnicity. These data support the use of ARNI therapy for chronic HF with reduced ejection fraction irrespective of race and ethnicity.

Published
2022

31. The Global 21 cm Signal of a Network of Cosmic String Wakes

Author

Hernández, Oscar F.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, High Energy Physics - Theory
Abstract

In previous works we discussed the 21 cm signature of a single cosmic string wake. However the 21 cm brightness temperature is influenced by a network of cosmic string wakes, and not one single wake. In this work we consider the signal from a network of wakes laid down during the matter era. We also improve on the previous calculation of a single wake signature. Finally we calculate the enhancement of the global 21 cm brightness temperature due to a network of wakes and discuss its affects of the signal measured in the Wouthuysen-Field absorption trough. We estimated that for string tensions between $10^{-8}$ to $10^{-7}$ there would be between a 10% to a factor 2 enhancement in the signal., Comment: 6 pages, 4 figure. v2 to v3: minor typo corrected in references. v1 to v2: explanation in section 5 expanded, figures enlarged, NANOGrav data description changed in section 2, 1 references added in section 2. Matches the version accepted for publication by MNRAS

Published
2021
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38. Influence of edible multilayer coatings with Opuntia stenopetala polysaccharides and Flourensia microphylla extract on the shelf-life of cherry tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.)

Author

Carrillo-Lomelí, Dennise Anahí, Cerqueira, Miguel A., Moo-Huchin, Víctor, Bourbon, Ana I., Souza, Victor G.L., Lestido-Cardama, Antía, Pastrana, Lorenzo M., Ochoa-Fuentes, Yisa M., Hernández-Castillo, F. Daniel, Villarreal-Quintanilla, José Ángel, and Jasso de Rodríguez, Diana

Published
2024
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40. Identifying patients at increased risk for poor outcomes from heart failure with reduced ejection fraction: the PROMPT‐HF risk model

Author

DeVore, Adam D, Hill, Claude Larry, Thomas, Laine E, Albert, Nancy M, Butler, Javed, Patterson, J Herbert, Hernandez, Adrian F, Williams, Fredonia B, Shen, Xian, Spertus, John A, and Fonarow, Gregg C

Subjects
Biomedical and Clinical Sciences, Cardiovascular Medicine and Haematology, Patient Safety, Heart Disease, Clinical Research, Cardiovascular, 2.1 Biological and endogenous factors, Aetiology, Health Status, Heart Failure, Hospitalization, Humans, Quality of Life, Stroke Volume, Heart failure, Left ventricular dysfunction, Quality of life, Risk model, Cardiorespiratory Medicine and Haematology, Cardiovascular medicine and haematology
Abstract

AimsWe aimed to develop a risk prediction tool that incorporated both clinical events and worsening health status for patients with heart failure (HF) with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Identifying patients with HFrEF at increased risk of a poor outcome may enable proactive interventions that improve outcomes.Methods and resultsWe used data from a longitudinal HF registry, CHAMP-HF, to develop a risk prediction tool for poor outcomes over the next 6 months. A poor outcome was defined as death, an HF hospitalization, or a ≥20-point decrease (or decrease below 25) in 12-item Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire (KCCQ-12) overall summary score. Among 4546 patients in CHAMP-HF, 1066 (23%) experienced a poor outcome within 6 months (1.3% death, 11% HF hospitalization, and 11% change in KCCQ-12). The model demonstrated moderate discrimination (c-index = 0.65) and excellent calibration with observed data. The following variables were associated with a poor outcome: age, race, education, New York Heart Association class, baseline KCCQ-12, atrial fibrillation, coronary disease, diabetes, chronic kidney disease, smoking, prior HF hospitalization, and systolic blood pressure. We also created a simplified model with a 0-10 score using six variables (New York Heart Association class, KCCQ-12, coronary disease, chronic kidney disease, prior HF hospitalization, and systolic blood pressure) with similar discrimination (c-index = 0.63). Patients scoring 0-3 were considered low risk (event rate 40%).ConclusionsThe PROMPT-HF risk model can identify outpatients with HFrEF at increased risk of poor outcomes, including clinical events and health status deterioration. With further validation, this model may help inform therapeutic decision making.

Published
2022

41. Pearson Equations for Discrete Orthogonal Polynomials: I. Generalized Hypergeometric Functions and Toda Equations

Author

Mañas, Manuel, Fernández-Irisarri, Itsaso, and González-Hernández, Omar F.

Subjects
Mathematics - Classical Analysis and ODEs, Mathematical Physics, Nonlinear Sciences - Exactly Solvable and Integrable Systems, 42C05, 33C45, 33C47
Abstract

The Cholesky factorization of the moment matrix is applied to discrete orthogonal polynomials on the homogeneous lattice. In particular, semiclassical discrete orthogonal polynomials, which are built in terms of a discrete Pearson equation, are studied. The Laguerre-Freud structure semi-infinite matrix that models the shifts by $\pm 1$ in the independent variable of the set of orthogonal polynomials is introduced. In the semiclassical case it is proven that this Laguerre-Freud matrix is banded. From the well known fact that moments of the semiclassical weights are logarithmic derivatives of generalized hypergeometric functions, it is shown how the contiguous relations for these hypergeometric functions translate as symmetries for the corresponding moment matrix. It is found that the 3D Nijhoff-Capel discrete Toda lattice describes the corresponding contiguous shifts for the squared norms of the orthogonal polynomials. The continuous Toda for these semiclassical discrete orthogonal polynomials is discussed and the compatibility equations are derived. It also shown that the Kadomtesev-Petvishvilii equation is connected to an adequate deformed semiclassical discrete weight, but in this case the deformation do not satisfy a Pearson equation.

Published
2021

43. Drug development for major chronic health conditions—aligning with growing public health needs: Proceedings from a multistakeholder think tank

Author

Krychtiuk, Konstantin A., Andersson, Tomas LG, Bodesheim, Ulrike, Butler, Javed, Curtis, Lesley H., Elkind, Mitchell, Hernandez, Adrian F., Hornik, Christoph, Lyman, Gary H., Khatri, Pooja, Mbagwu, Michael, Murakami, Masahiro, Nichols, Gwen, Roessig, Lothar, Young, Anne Quinn, Schilsky, Richard L., and Pagidipati, Neha

Published
2024
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45. Heart Failure, Investigator-Reported Sleep Apnea and Dapagliflozin: A Patient-Level Pooled Meta-Analysis of DAPA-HF and DELIVER

Author

BUTT, JAWAD H., JERING, KAROLA, DE BOER, RUDOLF A., CLAGGETT, BRIAN L., DESAI, AKSHAY S., HERNANDEZ, ADRIAN F., INZUCCHI, SILVIO E., JHUND, PARDEEP S., KØBER, LARS, KOSIBOROD, MIKHAIL N., LAM, CAROLYN S.P., MARTINEZ, FELIPE A., PONIKOWSKI, PIOTR, SABATINE, MARC S., SHAH, SANJIV J., VADUGANATHAN, MUTHIAH, LANGKILDE, ANNA MARIA, BENGTSSON, OLOF, PETERSSON, MAGNUS, SJÖSTRAND, MIKAELA, WILDERÄNG, ULRICA, SOLOMON, SCOTT D., and MCMURRAY, JOHN J.V.

Published
2024
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47. Identifying a stable and generalizable factor structure of major depressive disorder across three large longitudinal cohorts

Author

Schilsky, Richard L., Allen, Jennifer, Anderson, MaryAnn, Anstrom, Kevin, Araujo, Lucus, Arges, Kristine, Ardalan, Kaveh, Baldwin, Bridget, Balu, Suresh, Bashir, Mustafa R., Bhapkar, Manju, Bigelow, Robert, Black, Tanya, Blanco, Rosalia, Bloomfield, Gerald, Borkar, Durga, Bouk, Leah, Boulware, Ebony, Brugnoni, Nikki, Campbell, Erin, Campbell, Paul, Carin, Larry, Cassella, Tammy Jo, Cates, Tina, Montgomery, Ranee Chatterjee, Christian, Victoria, Choong, John, Cohen-Wolkowiez, Michael, Cook, Elizabeth, Cousins, Scott, Crawford, Ashley, Datta, Nisha, Daubert, Melissa, Davis, James, Dirkes, Jillian, Doan, Isabelle, Dockery, Marie, Douglas, Pamela S., Duckworth, Shelly, Dunham, Ashley, Dunn, Gary, Ebersohl, Ryan, Eckstrand, Julie, Fang, Vivienne, Flora, April, Ford, Emily, Foster, Lucia, Fraulo, Elizabeth, French, John, Ginsburg, Geoffrey S., Green, Cindy, Greene, Latoya, Guptill, Jeffrey, Hamel, Donna, Hamill, Jennifer, Harrington, Chris, Harrison, Rob, Hedges, Lauren, Heidenfelder, Brooke, Hernandez, Adrian F., Heydary, Cindy, Hicks, Tim, Hight, Lina, Hopkins, Deborah, Huang, Erich S., Huh, Grace, Hurst, Jillian, Inman, Kelly, Janas, Gemini, Jaffee, Glenn, Johnson, Janace, Keaton, Tiffanie, Khouri, Michel, King, Daniel, Korzekwinski, Jennifer, Koweek, Lynne H., Kuo, Anthony, Kwee, Lydia, Landis, Dawn, Lipsky, Rachele, Lopez, Desiree, Lowry, Carolyn, Marcom, Kelly, Marsolo, Keith, McAdams, Paige, McCall, Shannon, McGarrah, Robert, McGugan, John, Mee, Dani, Mervin-Blake, Sabrena, Mettu, Prithu, Meyer, Mathias, Meyers, Justin, Miller, Calire N., Moen, Rebecca, Muhlbaier, Lawrence H., Murphy, Michael, Neely, Ben, Newby, L. Kristin, Nicoldson, Jayne, Nguyen, Hoang, Nguyen, Maggie, O'Brien, Lori, Onal, Sumru, O'Quinn, Jeremey, Page, David, Pagidipati, Neha J., Parikh, Kishan, Palmer, Sarah R., Patrick-Lake, Bray, Pattison, Brenda, Pencina, Michael, Peterson, Eric D., Piccini, Jon, Poole, Terry, Povsic, Tom, Provencher, Alicia, Rabineau, Dawn, Rich, Annette, Rimmer, Susan, Schwartz, Fides, Serafin, Angela, Shah, Nishant, Shah, Svati, Shields, Kelly, Shipes, Steven, Shrader, Peter, Stiber, Jon, Sutton, Lynn, Swamy, Geeta, Thomas, Betsy, Torres, Sandra, Tucci, Debara, Twisdale, Anthony, Walker, Brooke, Whitney, Susan A., Williamson, Robin, Wilverding, Lauren, Wong, Charlene A., Wruck, Lisa, Young, Ellen, Perlmutter, Jane, Krug, Sarah, Bowman-Zatzkin, S. Whitney, Assimes, Themistocles, Bajaj, Vikram, Cheong, Maxwell, Das, Millie, Desai, Manisha, Fan, Alice C., Fleischmann, Dominik, Gambhir, Sanjiv S., Gold, Garry, Haddad, Francois, Hong, David, Langlotz, Curtis, Liao, Yaping J., Lu, Rong, Mahaffey, Kenneth W., Maron, David, McCue, Rebecca, Munshi, Rajan, Rodriguez, Fatima, Shashidhar, Sumana, Sledge, George, Spielman, Susie, Spitler, Ryan, Swope, Sue, Williams, Donna, Pepine, Carl J, Lantos, John D, Pignone, Michael, Heagerty, Patrick, Beskow, Laura, Bernard, Gordon, Abad, Kelley, Angi, Giulia, Califf, Robert M., Deang, Lawrence, Huynh, Joy, Liu, Manway, Mao, Cherry, Magdaleno, Michael, Marks, William J., Jr., Mega, Jessica, Miller, David, Ong, Nicole, Patel, Darshita, Ridaura, Vanessa, Shore, Scarlet, Short, Sarah, Tran, Michelle, Vu, Veronica, Wong, Celeste, Green, Robert C., Hernandez, John, Benge, Jolene, Negrete, Gislia, Sierra, Gelsey, Schaack, Terry, Tseng, Vincent W.S., Tharp, Jordan A., Reiter, Jacob E., Ferrer, Weston, Hong, David S., Doraiswamy, P. Murali, and Nickels, Stefanie

Published
2024
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48. Effects of Dapagliflozin in Patients in Asia: A Post Hoc Subgroup Analysis From the DELIVER Trial

Author

Wang, Xiaowen, Lam, Carolyn S.P., Vaduganathan, Muthiah, Kondo, Toru, Yang, Mingming, Han, Yaling, Pham, Vinh Nguyen, Chiang, Chern-En, Kitakaze, Masafumi, Miao, Zi Michael, Jhund, Pardeep S., Desai, Akshay S., Inzucchi, Silvio E., de Boer, Rudolf A., Martinez, Felipe A., Kosiborod, Mikhail N., Hernandez, Adrian F., Claggett, Brian, Langkilde, Anna Maria, McMurray, John J.V., and Solomon, Scott D.

Published
2024
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