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Summary Objectives Early obesity onset is a risk factor for specific comorbidities in adulthood, but whether this relationship is present in men and women with severe obesity is unknown. This study aimed to examine whether obesity onset in childhood or adolescence, as compared with adulthood, is associated with higher odds of comorbidities in men and women with severe obesity. Methods A cross‐sectional study of treatment‐seeking men and women with severe obesity attending a tertiary care centre in Norway, from 2006 to 2017, was performed. Results A total of 4,583 participants (69.13% women) were included. Almost all men (99.69%) and women (99.18%) suffered from ≥1 comorbidities. Compared with women, men were older (mean [SD]) (45.54 [12.14] vs. 42.56 [12.00] years, p 20 years), was associated with lower odds (OR [95% CI]) of obstructive sleep apnoea (OSA) in men (0.69 [0.53, 0.91], p

Parkinson’s disease (PD) is a systemic disease clinically defined by the degeneration of dopaminergic neurons in the brain. While alterations in the gut microbiome composition have been reported in PD, their functional consequences remain unclear. Herein, we first analysed the gut microbiome of patients and healthy controls by 16S rRNA gene sequencing of stool samples from the Luxembourg Parkinson’s study (n=147 typical PD cases, n=162 controls). All individuals underwent detailed clinical assessment, including neurological examinations and neuropsychological tests followed by self-reporting questionnaires. Second, we predicted the potential secretion for 129 microbial metabolites through personalised metabolic modelling using the microbiome data and genome-scale metabolic reconstructions of human gut microbes. Our key results include: 1. eight genera and nine species changed significantly in their relative abundances between PD patients and healthy controls. 2. PD-associated microbial patterns statistically depended on sex, age, BMI, and constipation. The relative abundances ofBilophilaandParaprevotellawere significantly associated with the Hoehn and Yahr staging after controlling for the disease duration. In contrast, dopaminergic medication had no detectable effect on the PD microbiome composition. 3. Personalised metabolic modelling of the gut microbiomes revealed PD-associated metabolic patterns in secretion potential of nine microbial metabolites in PD, including increased methionine and cysteinylglycine. The microbial pantothenic acid production potential was linked to the presence of specific non-motor symptoms and attributed to individual bacteria, such asAkkermansia muciniphilaandBilophila wardswarthia. Our results suggest that PD-associated alterations of gut microbiome could translate into functional differences affecting host metabolism and disease phenotype.

Erratum to: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jalz.2019.01.002

Background: Previous research revealed that providing informal care for people with dementia (PwD) is associated with a high degree of caregivers’ unmet needs, burden and health impairments. In order to develop and provide optimal support for dementia family caregivers, the prevalence and type[for full text, please go to the a.m. URL], 17. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF)

Hintergrund/Ziel der Arbeit: Dementia Care Management (DCM) istein innovatives Versorgunsgmodell, welches patientenzentriert die Versorgung zu Hause lebender Menschen mit Demenz verbessern könnte.Das Ziel der vorliegenden Arbeit ist die Darstellung der Wirksamkeit vonDCM in der Optimierung der Behandlung und Versorgung von zu Hauselebenden Menschen mit Demenz und deren Angehörigen.

Hintergrund: In Deutschland sind derzeit mehr als 1.5 Mio. Menschen an einer Demenz erkrankt. Die bedarfsgerechte Versorgung der Betroffenen und die Entlastung der (pflegenden) Angehörigen erfordern innovative Konzepte. Für die ambulante Versorgung und das Bundesland Mecklenburg-Vorpommern[zum vollständigen Text gelangen Sie über die oben angegebene URL], 16. Deutscher Kongress für Versorgungsforschung (DKVF)

Obesity is a complex multifactorial phenotype that influences several metabolic pathways. Yet, few studies have examined the relations of different body fat compartments to urinary and serum metabolites. Anthropometric phenotypes (visceral adipose tissue (VAT), subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT), the ratio between VAT and SAT (VSR), body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (WC)) and urinary and serum metabolite concentrations measured by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy were measured in a population-based sample of 228 healthy adults. Multivariable linear and logistic regression models, corrected for multiple testing using the false discovery rate, were used to associate anthropometric phenotypes with metabolites. We adjusted for potential confounding variables: age, sex, smoking, physical activity, menopausal status, estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR), urinary glucose, and fasting status. In a fully adjusted logistic regression model dichotomized for the absence or presence of quantifiable metabolite amounts, VAT, BMI and WC were inversely related to urinary choline (beta = -0.18, p = 2.73*10(-3)), glycolic acid (beta = -0.20, 0.02), and guanidinoacetic acid (beta = -0.12, p = 0.04), and positively related to ethanolamine (beta = 0.18, p = 0.02) and dimethylamine (beta = 0.32, p = 0.02). BMI and WC were additionally inversely related to urinary glutamine and lactic acid. Moreover, WC was inversely associated with the detection of serine. VAT, but none of the other anthropometric parameters, was related to serum essential amino acids, such as valine, isoleucine, and phenylalanine among men. Compared to other adiposity measures, VAT demonstrated the strongest and most significant relations to urinary and serum metabolites. The distinct relations of VAT, SAT, VSR, BMI, and WC to metabolites emphasize the importance of accurately differentiating between body fat compartments when evaluating the potential role of metabolic regulation in the development of obesity-related diseases, such as insulin resistance, type 2 diabetes, and cardiovascular disease.