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4. Cross-cutting studies of per- and polyfluorinated alkyl substances (PFAS) in Arctic wildlife and humans

Author

Lohmann, Rainer, Abass, Khaled, Bonefeld-Jørgensen, Eva Cecilie, Bossi, Rossana, Dietz, Rune, Ferguson, Steve, Fernie, Kim J., Grandjean, Philippe, Herzke, Dorte, Houde, Magali, Lemire, Mélanie, Letcher, Robert J., Muir, Derek, De Silva, Amila O., Ostertag, Sonja K., Rand, Amy A., Søndergaard, Jens, Sonne, Christian, Sunderland, Elsie M., Vorkamp, Katrin, Wilson, Simon, and Weihe, Pal

Published
2024
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5. The time for ambitious action is now: Science-based recommendations for plastic chemicals to inform an effective global plastic treaty

Author

Brander, Susanne M., Senathirajah, Kala, Fernandez, Marina O., Weis, Judith S., Kumar, Eva, Jahnke, Annika, Hartmann, Nanna B., Alava, Juan José, Farrelly, Trisia, Almroth, Bethanie Carney, Groh, Ksenia J., Syberg, Kristian, Buerkert, Johanna Sophie, Abeynayaka, Amila, Booth, Andy M., Cousin, Xavier, Herzke, Dorte, Monclús, Laura, Morales-Caselles, Carmen, Bonisoli-Alquati, Andrea, Al-jaibachi, Rana, and Wagner, Martin

Published
2024
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22. A schematic sampling protocol for contaminant monitoring in raptors

Author

Espín, Silvia, Andevski, Jovan, Duke, Guy, Eulaers, Igor, Gómez-Ramírez, Pilar, Hallgrimsson, Gunnar Thor, Helander, Björn, Herzke, Dorte, Jaspers, Veerle L. B., Krone, Oliver, Lourenço, Rui, María-Mojica, Pedro, Martínez-López, Emma, Mateo, Rafael, Movalli, Paola, Sánchez-Virosta, Pablo, Shore, Richard F., Sonne, Christian, van den Brink, Nico W., van Hattum, Bert, Vrezec, Al, Wernham, Chris, and García-Fernández, Antonio J.

Published
2021

24. Moving forward in microplastic research: A Norwegian perspective

Author

Lusher, Amy L., Hurley, Rachel, Arp, Hans Peter H., Booth, Andy M., Bråte, Inger Lise N., Gabrielsen, Geir W., Gomiero, Alessio, Gomes, Tânia, Grøsvik, Bjørn Einar, Green, Norman, Haave, Marte, Hallanger, Ingeborg G., Halsband, Claudia, Herzke, Dorte, Joner, Erik J., Kögel, Tanja, Rakkestad, Kirsten, Ranneklev, Sissel B., Wagner, Martin, and Olsen, Marianne

Published
2021
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30. Zürich II Statement on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs):Scientific and Regulatory Needs

Author

DeWitt, Jamie C., Glüge, Juliane, Cousins, Ian T., Goldenman, Gretta, Herzke, Dorte, Lohmann, Rainer, Miller, Mark, Ng, Carla A., Patton, Sharyle, Trier, Xenia, Vierke, Lena, Wang, Zhanyun, Adu-Kumi, Sam, Balan, Simona, Buser, Andreas M., Fletcher, Tony, Haug, Line Småstuen, Huang, Jun, Kaserzon, Sarit, Leonel, Juliana, Sheriff, Ishmail, Shi, Ya Li, Valsecchi, Sara, Scheringer, Martin, DeWitt, Jamie C., Glüge, Juliane, Cousins, Ian T., Goldenman, Gretta, Herzke, Dorte, Lohmann, Rainer, Miller, Mark, Ng, Carla A., Patton, Sharyle, Trier, Xenia, Vierke, Lena, Wang, Zhanyun, Adu-Kumi, Sam, Balan, Simona, Buser, Andreas M., Fletcher, Tony, Haug, Line Småstuen, Huang, Jun, Kaserzon, Sarit, Leonel, Juliana, Sheriff, Ishmail, Shi, Ya Li, Valsecchi, Sara, and Scheringer, Martin

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic organic chemicals of global concern. A group of 36 scientists and regulators from 18 countries held a hybrid workshop in 2022 in Zürich, Switzerland. The workshop, a sequel to a previous Zürich workshop held in 2017, deliberated on progress in the last five years and discussed further needs for cooperative scientific research and regulatory action on PFASs. This review reflects discussion and insights gained during and after this workshop and summarizes key signs of progress in science and policy, ongoing critical issues to be addressed, and possible ways forward. Some key take home messages include: 1) understanding of human health effects continues to develop dramatically, 2) regulatory guidelines continue to drop, 3) better understanding of emissions and contamination levels is needed in more parts of the world, 4) analytical methods, while improving, still only cover around 50 PFASs, and 5) discussions of how to group PFASs for regulation (including subgroupings) have gathered momentum with several jurisdictions proposing restricting a large proportion of PFAS uses. It was concluded that more multi-group exchanges are needed in the future and that there should be a greater diversity of participants at future workshops.

Published
2024

31. The time for ambitious action is now:Science-based recommendations for plastic chemicals to inform an effective global plastic treaty

Author

Brander, Susanne M, Senathirajah , Kala, Fernandez, Marina O, Weis, Judith S, Kumar, Eva, Jahnke, Annika, Hartmann, Nanna B., Alava, Juan José, Farrelly, Trisia, Almroth, Bethanie Carney, Groh, Ksenia J., Syberg, Kristian, Bürkert, Johanna Sophie, Abeynayaka, Amila, Booth, Andy, Cousin, Xavier, Herzke, Dorte, Monclús, Laura, Morales-Caselles, Carmen, Bonisoli-Alquati , Andrea, Al-jaibachi, Rana, Wagner, Martin, Brander, Susanne M, Senathirajah , Kala, Fernandez, Marina O, Weis, Judith S, Kumar, Eva, Jahnke, Annika, Hartmann, Nanna B., Alava, Juan José, Farrelly, Trisia, Almroth, Bethanie Carney, Groh, Ksenia J., Syberg, Kristian, Bürkert, Johanna Sophie, Abeynayaka, Amila, Booth, Andy, Cousin, Xavier, Herzke, Dorte, Monclús, Laura, Morales-Caselles, Carmen, Bonisoli-Alquati , Andrea, Al-jaibachi, Rana, and Wagner, Martin

Abstract

The ubiquitous and global ecological footprint arising from the rapidly increasing rates of plastic production, use, and release into the environment is an important modern environmental issue. Of increasing concern are the risks associated with at least 16,000 chemicals present in plastics, some of which are known to be toxic, and which may leach out both during use and once exposed to environmental conditions, leading to environmental and human exposure. In response, the United Nations member states agreed to establish an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, the global plastics treaty. The resolution acknowledges that the treaty should prevent plastic pollution and its related impacts, that effective prevention requires consideration of the transboundary nature of plastic production, use and pollution, and that the full life cycle of plastics must be addressed. As a group of scientific experts and members of the Scientists' Coalition for an Effective Plastics Treaty, we concur that there are six essential “pillars” necessary to truly reduce plastic pollution and allow for chemical detoxification across the full life cycle of plastics. These include a plastic chemical reduction and simplification, safe and sustainable design of plastic chemicals, incentives for change, holistic approaches for alternatives, just transition and equitable interventions, and centering human rights. There is a critical need for scientifically informed and globally harmonized information, transparency, and traceability criteria to protect the environment and public health. The right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment must be upheld, and thus it is crucial that scientists, industry, and policy makers work in concert to create a future free from hazardous plastic contamination.

Published
2024

32. The time for ambitious action is now:Science-based recommendations for plastic chemicals to inform an effective global plastic treaty

Author

Brander, Susanne M., Senathirajah, Kala, Fernandez, Marina O., Weis, Judith S., Kumar, Eva, Jahnke, Annika, Hartman, Nanna, Alava, Juan José, Farrelly, Trisia, Almroth, Bethanie Carney, Groh, Ksenia J., Syberg, Kristian, Buerkert, Johanna Sophie, Abeynayaka, Amila, Booth, Andy M., Cousin, Xavier, Herzke, Dorte, Monclús, Laura, Morales-Caselles, Carmen, Bonisoli-Alquati, Andrea, Al-jaibachi, Rana, Wagner, Martin, Brander, Susanne M., Senathirajah, Kala, Fernandez, Marina O., Weis, Judith S., Kumar, Eva, Jahnke, Annika, Hartman, Nanna, Alava, Juan José, Farrelly, Trisia, Almroth, Bethanie Carney, Groh, Ksenia J., Syberg, Kristian, Buerkert, Johanna Sophie, Abeynayaka, Amila, Booth, Andy M., Cousin, Xavier, Herzke, Dorte, Monclús, Laura, Morales-Caselles, Carmen, Bonisoli-Alquati, Andrea, Al-jaibachi, Rana, and Wagner, Martin

Abstract

The ubiquitous and global ecological footprint arising from the rapidly increasing rates of plastic production, use, and release into the environment is an important modern environmental issue. Of increasing concern are the risks associated with at least 16,000 chemicals present in plastics, some of which are known to be toxic, and which may leach out both during use and once exposed to environmental conditions, leading to environmental and human exposure. In response, the United Nations member states agreed to establish an international legally binding instrument on plastic pollution, the global plastics treaty. The resolution acknowledges that the treaty should prevent plastic pollution and its related impacts, that effective prevention requires consideration of the transboundary nature of plastic production, use and pollution, and that the full life cycle of plastics must be addressed. As a group of scientific experts and members of the Scientists' Coalition for an Effective Plastics Treaty, we concur that there are six essential “pillars” necessary to truly reduce plastic pollution and allow for chemical detoxification across the full life cycle of plastics. These include a plastic chemical reduction and simplification, safe and sustainable design of plastic chemicals, incentives for change, holistic approaches for alternatives, just transition and equitable interventions, and centering human rights. There is a critical need for scientifically informed and globally harmonized information, transparency, and traceability criteria to protect the environment and public health. The right to a clean, healthy, and sustainable environment must be upheld, and thus it is crucial that scientists, industry, and policy makers work in concert to create a future free from hazardous plastic contamination..

Published
2024

33. Zürich II Statement on Per- and Polyfluoroalkyl Substances (PFASs) : Scientific and Regulatory Needs

Author

DeWitt, Jamie C., Glüge, Juliane, Cousins, Ian T., Goldenman, Gretta, Herzke, Dorte, Lohmann, Rainer, Miller, Mark, Ng, Carla A., Patton, Sharyle, Trier, Xenia, Vierke, Lena, Wang, Zhanyun, Adu-Kumi, Sam, Balan, Simona, Buser, Andreas M., Fletcher, Tony, Haug, Line Småstuen, Heggelund, Audun, Huang, Jun, Kaserzon, Sarit, Leonel, Juliana, Sheriff, Ishmail, Shi, Ya-Li, Valsecchi, Sara, Scheringer, Martin, DeWitt, Jamie C., Glüge, Juliane, Cousins, Ian T., Goldenman, Gretta, Herzke, Dorte, Lohmann, Rainer, Miller, Mark, Ng, Carla A., Patton, Sharyle, Trier, Xenia, Vierke, Lena, Wang, Zhanyun, Adu-Kumi, Sam, Balan, Simona, Buser, Andreas M., Fletcher, Tony, Haug, Line Småstuen, Heggelund, Audun, Huang, Jun, Kaserzon, Sarit, Leonel, Juliana, Sheriff, Ishmail, Shi, Ya-Li, Valsecchi, Sara, and Scheringer, Martin

Abstract

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFASs) are a class of synthetic organic chemicals of global concern. A group of 36 scientists and regulators from 18 countries held a hybrid workshop in 2022 in Zürich, Switzerland. The workshop, a sequel to a previous Zürich workshop held in 2017, deliberated on progress in the last five years and discussed further needs for cooperative scientific research and regulatory action on PFASs. This review reflects discussion and insights gained during and after this workshop and summarizes key signs of progress in science and policy, ongoing critical issues to be addressed, and possible ways forward. Some key take home messages include: 1) understanding of human health effects continues to develop dramatically, 2) regulatory guidelines continue to drop, 3) better understanding of emissions and contamination levels is needed in more parts of the world, 4) analytical methods, while improving, still only cover around 50 PFASs, and 5) discussions of how to group PFASs for regulation (including subgroupings) have gathered momentum with several jurisdictions proposing restricting a large proportion of PFAS uses. It was concluded that more multi-group exchanges are needed in the future and that there should be a greater diversity of participants at future workshops.

Published
2024
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38. PFAS Exposure is Associated with a Lower Spermatic Quality in an Arctic Seabird

Author

Humann-Guilleminot, Ségolène, Blévin, Pierre, Gabrielsen, Geir Wing, Herzke, Dorte, Nikiforov, Vladimir A., Jouanneau, William, Moe, Børge, Parenteau, Charline, Helfenstein, Fabrice, and Chastel, Olivier

Abstract

Several studies have reported an increasing occurrence of poly- and perfluorinated alkyl substances (PFASs) in Arctic wildlife tissues, raising concerns due to their resistance to degradation. While some research has explored PFAS’s physiological effects on birds, their impact on reproductive functions, particularly sperm quality, remains underexplored. This study aims to assess (1) potential association between PFAS concentrations in blood and sperm quality in black-legged kittiwakes (Rissa tridactyla), focusing on the percentage of abnormal spermatozoa, sperm velocity, percentage of sperm motility, and morphology; and (2) examine the association of plasma levels of testosterone, corticosterone, and luteinizing hormone with both PFAS concentrations and sperm quality parameters to assess possible endocrine disrupting pathways. Our findings reveal a positive correlation between the concentration of longer-chain perfluoroalkyl carboxylates (PFCA; C11–C14) in blood and the percentage of abnormal sperm in kittiwakes. Additionally, we observed that two other PFAS (i.e., PFOSlin and PFNA), distinct from those associated with sperm abnormalities, were positively correlated with the stress hormone corticosterone. These findings emphasize the potentially harmful substance-specific effects of long-chain PFCAs on seabirds and the need for further research into the impact of pollutants on sperm quality as a potential additional detrimental effect on birds.

Published
2024
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39. The challenges of opportunistic sampling when comparing prevalence of plastics in diving seabirds: A multi-species example from Norway

Author

Benjaminsen, Stine Charlotte, primary, Dehnhard, Nina, additional, Herzke, Dorte, additional, Johnsen, Arild, additional, Anker-Nilssen, Tycho, additional, Bourgeon, Sophie, additional, Collard, France, additional, Langset, Magdalene, additional, Christensen-Dalsgaard, Signe, additional, and Gabrielsen, Geir Wing, additional

Published
2024
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41. Revisiting the Strategy for Marine Litter Monitoring within the European Marine Strategy Framework Directive (Msfd)

Author

Galgani, François, primary, Lusher, Amy, additional, Strand, Jakob, additional, Haarr, Marthe Larsen, additional, Vinci, Matteo, additional, Molina Jack, Maria Eugenia, additional, Kaegi, Ralf, additional, Aliani, Stefano, additional, Herzke, Dorte, additional, Nikiforov, Vladimir, additional, Primpke, Sebastian, additional, Schmidt, Natascha, additional, Fabres, Joan, additional, De Witte, Bavo, additional, Solbakken, Vilde Sørnes, additional, and van Bavel, Bert, additional

Published
2024
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