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We investigate security behaviour among healthcare professionals while comparing upon two prevalent theories in information security (IS) research: Protection Motivation Theory (PMT) and Technology Threat Avoidance Theory (TTAT). Although IS research often uses these models, very few studies compare the two models using a diverse sample of 245 healthcare professionals. The data were analysed using partial least squares regression - structural equation modelling (PLS-SEM). Results indicated that both models were similarly robust at predicting security behaviour. Perceived severity and response efficacy positively influenced avoidance motivation (AM) for PMT. All factors of the threat appraisal arm of TTAT and safeguard efficacy played an influencing role on AM in TTAT. Response cost and self-efficacy were not supported in either model, providing us with potentially new insights into this specific population’s security intentions. With the addition of Perceived Threat, TTAT appears to be slightly more robust model with 64% of the variance explained by the given model while PMT explains only 60% of the variance. Given the ever-increasing risk of data breaches in healthcare, practical applications and implications of the study’s findings to health information technology (HIT) policy and infrastructure are also discussed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Despite the importance of health literacy to health-promoting behaviors, few studies have assessed the social determinants of health literacy in a random sample of individuals from the USA. The study evaluated the association of sociodemographic factors with individual health literacy levels. This cross-sectional web-based observational study utilized the Health Literacy Questionnaire (HLQ), a multidimensional instrument measuring nine areas of literacy. Multivariate regression results revealed several factors associated with HLQ scores such as self-rated health rating, frequency of visits to healthcare providers, smoking, gender and rural versus urban residence. Low health literacy was associated with lower self-rated overall health and with less frequent visits to healthcare providers. Males scored higher on engaging with health providers, navigating, understanding the health system and understanding health information well enough to know what to do. These findings can guide healthcare professionals to focus on individuals from groups having lower health literacy scores to promote healthy behaviors. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Over the years, the news media has reported numerous information security incidents. Because of identity theft, terrorism, and other criminal activities, President Obama has made information security a national priority. Not only is information security and assurance an American priority, it is also a global issue. This paper discusses the importance of Global Information Security and Assurance in information systems (IS) education. Current university graduates will become tomorrow's users and protectors of data and systems. It is important for universities to provide training in security and assurance of information systems. Are students getting adequate education in this area? If not, this leaves them ill-prepared for the needs of the workplace. The security of our information systems needs to be a major concern for educators and corporate leaders. We recommend that instruction in security and assurance be a core component of the curriculum for all IS and business students. The purpose of this special issue is to provide insights, ideas, and practical tips from IS educators and professionals. Along with the academic papers in this issue, a new section was added, advisory from professionals. Just as a university information systems department has an advisory board of professionals, this new section provides an advisory to academics; professionals provide insights into the corporate world and they need.

New Raman bands that serve as potential markers of subunit side-chain orientations in filamentous virus assemblies are identified. The Raman data are supported by electron micrographs of negatively strained specimens of phage fd, which permit an independent assessment of salt effects on lateral aggregration.

Wearable technology has become extremely prevalent; however, adoption and sustained long-term use are still issues. Understanding behaviours associated with the use and adoption of a wearable device is important to understand if the usage of the device promotes health and wellness. This study investigated the influence that extrinsic and intrinsic exercise motives have on the sustained use of wearable technology amongst adolescents. Fifty-nine high school students (juniors and seniors) enrolled in the study. Participants received Fitbits as a means of exercise persuasion. At the beginning of the study, participants completed an Exercise Motivations Inventory [Markland, D., and D. K. Ingledew. 1997. "The Measurement of Exercise Motives: Factorial Validity and Invariance Across Gender of a Revised Exercise Motivations Inventory." British Journal of Health Psychology 2: 361–376] establishing motives and baseline exercise behaviours. Use of the Fitbit enabled the electronic collection of each participant's daily activities over a period of three months. The results revealed a relationship between three intrinsic exercise motives with technology use; affiliation, revitalisation, and health pressures. There was also a significant difference between participants who complied versus those who did not across two of the exercise motives affiliation and revitalisation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The Health Insurance Portability and Accountability Act of 1996 (HIPAA) requires that healthcare providers allow patients to engage in their healthcare by allowing access to their health records. Often patients need informal caregivers including family members or others to help them with their care. This paper explores whether trust is a key factor for informal caregivers' decision to use health information technologies (HIT) including electronic health records (EHR), patient portals, mobile apps, or other devices to care for their patient. Six reviewers conducted a comprehensive search of four literature databases using terms that pertained to a caregiver and trust to investigate the role trust plays when caregivers use HIT. While trust is a key factor for the use of HIT, it the researchers only identified ten articles that met the research question thresholds. Four main topics of trust surfaced including perceived confidentiality, perceived security, technological malfunction, and trustworthiness of the information. Trust is a critical factor for informal caregivers when using HIT to assist in the care of their patient (child, loved one, parent, or acquaintance). Based on the findings, it is clear that more research on the use of HIT by caregivers is needed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Many health information management (HIM) positions, including coders and transcriptionists, are evolving due to the widespread adoption of electronic health records (EHR) and other automated entry systems. Thus, focus for roles associated with those positions are changing and new positions to manage and manipulate the data collected in the new systems. This study seeks to identify which factors influence HIM professionals' decision to transition from a traditional HIM role to an information technology (IT) position. An online survey was sent to these individuals to determine which factors influenced their decision to consider a transition from healthcare roles to information technology using the theory of planned behavior. In other words, this study explored whether these individuals were influenced by attitudes, normative beliefs, and self-efficacy to consider transitioning from healthcare roles to information technology positions. In order to better understand whether education played a role in this behavior, an additional element, education efficacy was added. The findings revealed that these health information management professionals are not considering a transition from healthcare positions to IT roles. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This paper examines the changes affecting the health information management (HIM) professional skill set and industry demand to determine differences affecting practitioners. As the industry continues to experience technological innovation, the responsibilities of the HIM professional are in flux, affecting the required skill set of the changing environment. This research used the American Health Information Management Association salary survey and current job postings to determine whether the workforce has experienced deskilling and whether a theory-practice-gap exists. It also assesses if industry competencies align with the Health Information Management Reimaged perspectives. The results indicate that the workforce has not experienced deskilling, that a theorypractice gap does exist, and that Health Information Management Reimaged is aligned with industry needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Healthcare providers increasingly rely on technology, such as patient portals, for asynchronous communication with their patients. Even though clinicians have increasingly adopted patient portals to enhance healthcare quality and reduce cost, few patients continue to use this technology. In this paper, we investigate the effect that individuals' health emotion and personality traits as measured using the five-factor model (FFM) have on patients' intention to continually use patient portals through the lens of emotional dissonance theory. We collected survey data from 187 patients at a major medical center in the Midwestern United States. After we analyzed the data using structural equation modeling, we found that the final model explained 40 percent of the variance in intention to continue to use. Our results suggest that whether individuals continue to use technology depends on their reactions to technology in which health emotions and personality traits play a crucial part. Additionally, health emotion modifies the effect that personality traits have on patients' intention to continue to use a patient portal. Our study provides healthcare organizations with an integrated view of patient portal use behavior and shows that individual personality traits and health emotion may increase sustainable patient enrollment and engagement. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article suggests that graduate schools should act to provide access to Chicanos by altering the process and criteria for graduate admissions. It is recommended that the traditional graduate admissions qualifications be reexamined as to their ability to predict valid success criteria in terms of professional success and societal needs. (NQ)

This study of test bias used Black, Oriental, Chicano, and White students to answer two questions: (1) Is grade point average prediction for Chicanos and Orientals similar to prediction for Blacks and Whites? and (2) Does major field mediate ethnic differences in test performance? (Author/BW)

Byline: Barbara Hewitt While individuals in most organisations routinely use computers to conduct business, few healthcare organisations have Electronic Health Record Systems (EHRS). Healthcare organisations face many obstacles and challenges when implementing EHRS including healthcare staff and physician resistance, security issues, and costs. While previous studies explored physician and healthcare organisation adoption issues, this study uses Smart PLS to explores why staff members resist EHR usage using a hybrid Technology Acceptance Model (TAM). It examines whether security measures including biometrics for authentication purposes, multiple access features provided to healthcare provider, and use of Single Sign-On (SSO) systems influences these individual's attitude toward EHRS.

Context: Healthy People (HP) 2020 has set several goals in the United States. The process to identify these goals was led by the HP2020 Federal Interagency Workgroup that was comprised of 50 members from the Department of Health and Human Services as well as other federal agencies. Studies have been conducted to determine whether the general population is meeting these goals; however, the authors could not locate a study that indicated how college students compared to these past assessments. This study measured healthy habits of the student population of a public, four-year state university. Six of the 12 Leading Health Indicator (LHI) topics of HP2020 were included in this study. Methods: A survey instrument consisting of structured responses was delivered through Survey Monkey to about 10% of our student population. The response windows were a twomonth period between April and May 2016 during which two reminders were sent to potential participants using email. Findings: 169 students completed the survey. 43% of the respondents reported that they have adequate access to health care, 26% reported symptoms of depression or anxiety, 71% exercised regularly, and 81% felt safe on campus. Conclusions: This survey instrument queried the student population of our university in order for us to categorize the overall health of the population and to leverage specific programs that would increase the health and wellness of our students. A revised version of the survey is under design to include additional LHIs from HP2020. Policy Implications: The results serve as a gauge to measure the effectiveness of our university's health goals and policy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Most studies in telehealth focus on telehealth availability or use by healthcare systems or providers. Only a few behavioral studies explore determinants of individuals' continuance intention for telehealth. This study seeks to identify factors that encourage individuals to continue the intention of using telehealth. We extended the Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) by examining constructs that could identify reasons individuals plan to continue using telehealth including security and privacy. A cross-sectional survey evaluated the determinants that predicted the continuance intention of telehealth. Responses from 194 individuals were analyzed with Partial Least Squares (PLS) Structural Equation Modeling. Perceived usefulness, security, attitudes, privacy, and subjective norms were important predictors of the continuance intention of telehealth. Conversely, perceived behavioral control did not influence the continuance intention of telehealth. The extended TPB model predicted an individual's continuance intention of telehealth. Healthcare professionals can use these results to address individuals' telehealth privacy and security concerns and improve their perceptions of the usefulness of telehealth. Privacy and security concerns create barriers to telehealth use that must be reduced to facilitate repeated telehealth usage in future healthcare settings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]