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1. Non-methane volatile organic compounds emitted from domestic fuels in Delhi: Emission factors and total city-wide emissions

Author

Mondal, Arnab, Saharan, Ummed Singh, Arya, Rahul, Yadav, Lokesh, Ahlawat, Sakshi, Jangirh, Ritu, Kotnala, Garima, Choudhary, Nikki, Banoo, Rubiya, Rai, Akansha, Yadav, Pooja, Rani, Martina, Lal, Shyam, Stewart, Gareth J., Nelson, Beth S., Acton, W. Joe F., Vaughan, Adam R., Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Hopkins, James R., Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Sahu, Lokesh K., Tripathi, Nidhi, Sharma, S.K., and Mandal, T.K.

Published
2021
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3. Impact of HO2 aerosol uptake on radical levels and O3 production during summertime in Beijing

Author

Dyson, Joanna E., primary, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Saksakulkrai, Supattarachai, additional, Xu, Jingsha, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Yue, Siyao, additional, Wei, Lianfang, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Arnold, Stephen R., additional, and Heard, Dwayne E., additional

Published
2023
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5. Inventorying emissions from nature in Europe

Author

Simpson, David, Winiwarter, Wilfried, Börjesson, Gunnar, Cinderby, Steve, Ferreiro, Antonio, Guenther, Alex, Hewitt, C Nicholas, Janson, Robert, Khalil, M Aslam K, Owen, Susan, Pierce, Tom E, Puxbaum, Hans, Shearer, Martha, Skiba, Ute, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Tarrasón, Leonor, and Öquist, Mats G

Subjects
Life on Land, Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

As part of the work of the Economic Commission for Europe of the United Nations Task Force on Emission Inventories, a new set of guidelines has been developed for assessing the emissions of sulphur, nitrogen oxides, NH3, CH4, and nonmethane volatile organic compounds (NMVOC) from biogenic and other natural sources in Europe. This paper gives the background to these guidelines, describes the sources, and gives our recommended methodologies for estimating emissions. We have assembled land use and other statistics from European or national compilations and present emission estimates for the various natural/biogenic source categories based on these. Total emissions from nature derived here amount to ∼1.1 Tg S yr-1, 6-8 Tg CH4 yr-1, 70 Gg NH3 (as N) yr-1, and 13 Tg NMVOC yr-1. Estimates of biogenic NOx emissions cover a wide range, from 140 to 1500 Gg NOx (as N) yr-1. In terms of relative contribution to total European emissions for different pollutants, then NMVOC from forests and vegetation are clearly the most important emissions source. Biogenic NOx emissions (although heavily influenced by nitrogen inputs from anthropogenic activities) are very important if the higher estimates are reliable. CH4 from wetlands and sulphur from volcanoes are also significant emissions in the European budgets. On a global scale, European biogenic emissions are not significant, a consequence of the climate and size (7% of global land area) of Europe and of the destruction of natural ecosystems since prehistoric times. However, for assessing local budgets and for photochemical oxidant modeling, natural/biogenic emissions can play an important role. The most important contributor in this regard is undoubtedly forest VOC emissions, although this paper also indicates that NMVOC emissions from nonforested areas also need to be further evaluated. This paper was originally conceived as a contribution to the collection of papers arising as a result of the Workshop on Biogenic Hydrocarbons in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer, August 24-27, 1997. (Several papers arising from this workshop have been published in Journal of Geophysical Research, 103(D19) 1998.) Copyright 1999 by the American Geophysical Union.

Published
1999

6. A global model of natural volatile organic compound emissions

Author

Guenther, Alex, Hewitt, C Nicholas, Erickson, David, Fall, Ray, Geron, Chris, Graedel, Tom, Harley, Peter, Klinger, Lee, Lerdau, Manuel, Mckay, WA, Pierce, Tom, Scholes, Bob, Steinbrecher, Rainer, Tallamraju, Raja, Taylor, John, and Zimmerman, Pat

Subjects
Meteorology & Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Numerical assessments of global air quality and potential changes in atmospheric chemical constituents require estimates of the surface fluxes of a variety of trace gas species. We have developed a global model to estimate emissions of volatile organic compounds from natural sources (NVOC). Chemical species are grouped into four categories: isoprene, monoterpenes, other reactive VOC (ORVOC), and other VOC (OVOC). NVOC emissions from oceans are estimated as a function of geophysical variables from a general circulation model and ocean color satellite data. Emissions from plant foliage are estimated from ecosystem specific biomass and emission factors and algorithms describing light and temperature dependence of NVOC emissions. -from Authors

Published
1995

7. Supplementary material to "Impact of HO2 aerosol uptake on radical levels and O3 production during summertime in Beijing"

Author

Dyson, Joanna E., primary, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Saksakulkrai, Supattarachai, additional, Xu, Jingsha, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Yue, Siyao, additional, Wei, Lianfang, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Arnold, Stephen R., additional, and Heard, Dwayne E., additional

Published
2022
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8. Impact of HO2 aerosol uptake on radical levels and O3 production during summertime in Beijing

Author

Dyson, Joanna E., primary, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Saksakulkrai, Supattarachai, additional, Xu, Jingsha, additional, Shi, Zongbo, additional, Harrison, Roy M., additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Yue, Siyao, additional, Wei, Lianfang, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Arnold, Stephen R., additional, and Heard, Dwayne E., additional

Published
2022
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10. Biogenic and anthropogenic sources of isoprene and monoterpenes and their secondary organic aerosol in Delhi, India

Author

Bryant, Daniel J., Nelson, Beth S., Swift, Stefan J., Budisulistiorini, Sri Hapsari, Drysdale, Will S., Vaughan, Adam R., Newland, Mike J., Hopkins, James R., Cash, James M., Langford, Ben, Nemitz, Eiko, Acton, W. Joe F., Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Mandal, Tuhin, Gurjar, Bhola R., Shivani, Gadi, Ranu, Lee, James D., Rickard, Andrew R., and Hamilton, Jacqueline F.

Subjects
Atmospheric Science, Atmospheric Sciences
Abstract

Isoprene and monoterpene emissions to the atmosphere are generally dominated by biogenic sources. The oxidation of these compounds can lead to the production of secondary organic aerosol; however the impact of this chemistry in polluted urban settings has been poorly studied. Isoprene and monoterpenes can form secondary organic aerosol (SOA) heterogeneously via anthropogenic–biogenic interactions, resulting in the formation of organosulfate (OS) and nitrooxy-organosulfate (NOS) species. Delhi, India, is one of the most polluted cities in the world, but little is known about the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or the sources of SOA. As part of the DELHI-FLUX project, gas-phase mixing ratios of isoprene and speciated monoterpenes were measured during pre- and post-monsoon measurement campaigns in central Delhi. Nocturnal mixing ratios of the VOCs were substantially higher during the post-monsoon (isoprene: (0.65±0.43) ppbv; limonene: (0.59±0.11) ppbv; α-pinene: (0.13±0.12) ppbv) than the pre-monsoon (isoprene: (0.13±0.18) ppbv; limonene: 0.011±0.025 (ppbv); α-pinene: 0.033±0.009) period. At night, isoprene and monoterpene concentrations correlated strongly with CO during the post-monsoon period. Filter samples of particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM2.5) were collected and the OS and NOS content analysed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS2). Inorganic sulfate was shown to facilitate the formation of isoprene OS species across both campaigns. Sulfate contained within OS and NOS species was shown to contribute significantly to the sulfate signal measured via AMS. Strong nocturnal enhancements of NOS species were observed across both campaigns. The total concentration of OS and NOS species contributed an average of (2.0±0.9) % and (1.8±1.4) % to the total oxidized organic aerosol and up to a maximum of 4.2 % and 6.6 % across the pre- and post-monsoon periods, respectively. Overall, this study provides the first molecular-level measurements of SOA derived from isoprene and monoterpene in Delhi and demonstrates that both biogenic and anthropogenic sources of these compounds can be important in urban areas.

Published
2022

11. Extreme Concentrations of Nitric Oxide Control Daytime Oxidation and Quench Nocturnal Oxidation Chemistry in Delhi during Highly Polluted Episodes.

Author

Nelson, Beth S., Bryant, Daniel J., Alam, Mohammed S., Sommariva, Roberto, Bloss, William J., Newland, Mike J., Drysdale, Will S., Vaughan, Adam R., Acton, W. Joe F., Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Crilley, Leigh R., Swift, Stefan J., Edwards, Pete M., Lewis, Alastair C., Langford, Ben, Nemitz, Eiko, Shivani, Gadi, Ranu, Gurjar, Bhola R., and Heard, Dwayne E.

Published
2023
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13. Biogenic and anthropogenic sources of isoprene and monoterpenes and their secondary organic aerosol in Delhi, India.

Author

Bryant, Daniel J., Nelson, Beth S., Swift, Stefan J., Budisulistiorini, Sri Hapsari, Drysdale, Will S., Vaughan, Adam R., Newland, Mike J., Hopkins, James R., Cash, James M., Langford, Ben, Nemitz, Eiko, Acton, W. Joe F., Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Mandal, Tuhin, Gurjar, Bhola R., Shivani, Gadi, Ranu, Lee, James D., Rickard, Andrew R., and Hamilton, Jacqueline F.

Subjects
CARBONACEOUS aerosols, LIQUID chromatography-mass spectrometry, ISOPRENE, MICROBIOLOGICAL aerosols, MONOTERPENES, ACCELERATOR mass spectrometry, VOLATILE organic compounds, AEROSOLS
Abstract

Isoprene and monoterpene emissions to the atmosphere are generally dominated by biogenic sources. The oxidation of these compounds can lead to the production of secondary organic aerosol; however the impact of this chemistry in polluted urban settings has been poorly studied. Isoprene and monoterpenes can form secondary organic aerosol (SOA) heterogeneously via anthropogenic–biogenic interactions, resulting in the formation of organosulfate (OS) and nitrooxy-organosulfate (NOS) species. Delhi, India, is one of the most polluted cities in the world, but little is known about the emissions of biogenic volatile organic compounds (VOCs) or the sources of SOA. As part of the DELHI-FLUX project, gas-phase mixing ratios of isoprene and speciated monoterpenes were measured during pre- and post-monsoon measurement campaigns in central Delhi. Nocturnal mixing ratios of the VOCs were substantially higher during the post-monsoon (isoprene: (0.65±0.43) ppbv; limonene: (0.59±0.11) ppbv; α -pinene: (0.13±0.12) ppbv) than the pre-monsoon (isoprene: (0.13±0.18) ppbv; limonene: 0.011±0.025 (ppbv); α -pinene: 0.033±0.009) period. At night, isoprene and monoterpene concentrations correlated strongly with CO during the post-monsoon period. Filter samples of particulate matter less than 2.5 µm in diameter (PM 2.5) were collected and the OS and NOS content analysed using ultra-high-performance liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (UHPLC-MS 2). Inorganic sulfate was shown to facilitate the formation of isoprene OS species across both campaigns. Sulfate contained within OS and NOS species was shown to contribute significantly to the sulfate signal measured via AMS. Strong nocturnal enhancements of NOS species were observed across both campaigns. The total concentration of OS and NOS species contributed an average of (2.0±0.9) % and (1.8±1.4) % to the total oxidized organic aerosol and up to a maximum of 4.2 % and 6.6 % across the pre- and post-monsoon periods, respectively. Overall, this study provides the first molecular-level measurements of SOA derived from isoprene and monoterpene in Delhi and demonstrates that both biogenic and anthropogenic sources of these compounds can be important in urban areas. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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14. Benchmarking sustainability in cities: The role of indicators and future scenarios

Author

Boyko, Christopher T., Gaterell, Mark R., Barber, Austin R.G., Brown, Julie, Bryson, John R., Butler, David, Caputo, Silvio, Caserio, Maria, Coles, Richard, Cooper, Rachel, Davies, Gemma, Farmani, Raziyeh, Hale, James, Hales, A. Chantal, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Hunt, Dexter V.L., Jankovic, Lubo, Jefferson, Ian, Leach, Joanne M., Lombardi, D. Rachel, MacKenzie, A. Robert, Memon, Fayyaz A., Pugh, Thomas A.M., Sadler, John P., Weingaertner, Carina, Whyatt, J. Duncan, and Rogers, Christopher D.F.

Published
2012
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15. Effects of land use on surface-atmosphere exchanges of trace gases and energy in Borneo: comparing fluxes over oil palm plantations and a rainforest

Author

Fowler, David, Nemitz, Eiko, Misztal, Pawel, Di Marco, Chiara, Skiba, Ute, Ryder, James, Helfter, Carole, Cape, J. Neil, Owen, Sue, Dorsey, James, Gallagher, Martin W., Coyle, Mhairi, Phillips, Gavin, Davison, Brian, Langford, Ben, MacKenzie, Rob, Muller, Jennifer, Siong, Jambery, Dari-Salisburgo, Cesare, Di Carlo, Piero, Aruffo, Eleonora, Giammaria, Franco, Pyle, John A., and Hewitt, C. Nicholas

Published
2011

19. Spatially and temporally resolved measurements of NO<sub><i>x</i></sub> fluxes by airborne eddy covariance over Greater London

Author

Vaughan, Adam R., primary, Lee, James D., additional, Metzger, Stefan, additional, Durden, David, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Shaw, Marvin D., additional, Drysdale, Will S., additional, Purvis, Ruth M., additional, Davison, Brian, additional, and Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional

Published
2021
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20. PM1 composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India, across multiple seasons

Author

Reyes-Villegas, Ernesto, Panda, Upasana, Darbyshire, Eoghan, Cash, James M., Joshi, Rutambhara, Langford, Ben, Di Marco, Chiara F., Mullinger, Neil J., Alam, Mohammed S., Crilley, Leigh R., Rooney, Daniel J., Acton, W. Joe F., Drysdale, Will, Nemitz, Eiko, Flynn, Michael, Voliotis, Aristeidis, McFiggans, Gordon, Coe, Hugh, Lee, James, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Heal, Mathew R., Gunthe, Sachin S., Mandal, Tuhin K., Gurjar, Bhola R., Shivani, Gadi, Ranu, Singh, Siddhartha, Soni, Vijay, and Allan, James D.

Subjects
aerosol mass spectrometry, Source apportionment, urban air quality, air pollution, positive matrix factorization, megacities, atmospheric aerosol, Atmospheric Sciences, PM1
Abstract

Air pollution in urban environments has been shown to have a negative impact on air quality and human health, particularly in megacities. Over recent decades, Delhi, India, has suffered high atmospheric pollution, with significant particulate matter (PM) concentrations as a result of anthropogenic activities. Organic aerosols (OAs) are composed of thousands of different chemical species and are one of the main constituents of submicron particles. However, quantitative knowledge of OA composition, their sources and their processes in urban environments is still limited. This is important particularly in India, as Delhi is a massive, inhomogeneous conurbation, where we would expect the apportionment and concentrations to vary depending on where in Delhi the measurements/source apportionment is performed, indicating the need for multisite measurements. This study presents the first multisite analysis carried out in India over different seasons, with a focus on identifying OA sources. The measurements were taken during 2018 at two sites in Delhi, India. One site was located at the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi (ND). The other site was located at the Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Old Delhi (OD). Non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) concentrations (ammonium, nitrate, sulfate, chloride and organic aerosols) of four aerosol mass spectrometers were analysed. Collocated measurements of volatile organic compounds, black carbon, NOx and CO were performed. Positive matrix factorisation (PMF) analysis was performed to separate the organic fraction, identifying a number of conventional factors: hydrocarbon-like OAs (HOAs) related to traffic emissions, biomass burning OAs (BBOAs), cooking OAs (COAs) and secondary OAs (SOAs). A composition-based estimate of PM1 is defined by combining black carbon (BC) and NR-PM1 (C-PM1= BC + NR-PM1). No significant difference was observed in C-PM1 concentrations between sites, OD (142 ± 117 µg m−3) compared to ND (123 ± 71 µg m3), from post-monsoon measurements. A wider variability was observed between seasons, where pre-monsoon and monsoon showed C-PM1 concentrations lower than 60 µg m−3. A seasonal variation in C-PM1 composition was observed; SO42- showed a high contribution over pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons, while NO3- and Cl− had a higher contribution in winter and post-monsoon. The main primary aerosol source was from traffic, which is consistent with the PMF analysis and Aethalometer model analysis. Thus, in order to reduce PM1 concentrations in Delhi through local emission controls, traffic emission control offers the greatest opportunity. PMF–aerosol mass spectrometer (AMS) mass spectra will help to improve future aerosol source apportionment studies. The information generated in this study increases our understanding of PM1 composition and OA sources in Delhi, India. Furthermore, the scientific findings provide significant information to strengthen legislation that aims to improve air quality in India.

Published
2021

21. Impact of HO2 aerosol uptake on radical levels and O3 production during summertime in Beijing.

Author

Dyson, Joanna E., Whalley, Lisa K., Slater, Eloise J., Woodward-Massey, Robert, Chunxiang Ye, Lee, James D., Squires, Freya, Hopkins, James R., Dunmore, Rachel E., Shaw, Marvin, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Lewis, Alastair C., Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Mehra, Archit, Bannan, Thomas J., Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Bin Ouyang, and Hewitt, C. Nicholas

Abstract

The impact of heterogeneous uptake of HO2 onto aerosol surfaces on radical concentrations and the O3 production regime in Beijing summertime was investigated. The uptake coefficient of HO2 onto aerosol surfaces, γHO2, was calculated for the AIRPRO campaign in Beijing, Summer 2017, as a function of measured aerosol soluble copper concentration, [Cu2+]eff, aerosol liquid water content, [ALWC], and particulate matter concentration, [PM]. An average γHO2 across the entire campaign of 0.070 ± 0.035 was calculated, with values ranging from 0.002 to 0.15, and found to be significantly lower than the value of γHO2=0.2, commonly used in modelling studies. Using the calculated γHO2 values for the Summer AIRPRO campaign, OH, HO2 and RO2 radical concentrations were modelled using a box-model incorporating the Master Chemical Mechanism (v3.3.1), with and without the addition of γHO2, and compared to the measured radical concentrations. Rate of destruction analysis showed the dominant HO2 loss pathway to be HO2 + NO for all NO concentrations across the Summer Beijing campaign with HO2 uptake contributing < 0.3 % to the total loss of HO2 on average. This result for Beijing summertime would suggest that under most conditions encountered, HO2 uptake onto aerosol surfaces is not important to consider when investigating increasing O3 production with decreasing [PM] across the North China Plain. At low [NO], however, i.e. < 0.1 ppb, which was often encountered in the afternoons, up to 29% of modelled HO2 loss was due to HO2 uptake on aerosols when calculated γHO2 was included, even with the much lower γHO2 values compared to γHO2=0.2, a results which agrees with the aerosol-inhibited O3 regime recently proposed by Ivatt et al., 2022. As such it can be concluded that in cleaner environments, away from polluted urban centres where HO2 loss chemistry is not dominated by NO but where aerosol surface area is high still, changes in PM concentration and hence aerosol surface area could still have a significant effect on both overall HO2 concentration and the O3 production regime. Using modelled radical concentrations, the absolute O3 sensitivity to NOx and VOC showed that, on average across the summer AIRPRO campaign, the O3 production regime remained VOC-limited, with the exception of a few days in the afternoon when the NO mixing ratio dropped low enough for the O3 regime to shift towards NOx-limited. The O3 sensitivity to VOC, the dominant regime during the summer AIRPRO campaign, was observed to decrease and shift towards a NOx sensitive regime both when NO mixing ratio decreased and with the addition of aerosol uptake. This suggests that if [NOx] continues to decrease in the future, ozone reduction policies focussing solely on NOx reductions may not be as efficient as expected if [PM] and, hence, HO2 uptake to aerosol surfaces, continues to decrease. The addition of aerosol uptake into the model, for both the γHO2 calculated from measured data and when using a fixed value of γHO2=0.2, did not have a significant effect on the overall O3 production regime across the campaign. While not important for this campaign, aerosol uptake could be important for areas of lower NO concentration that are already in a NOx-sensitive regime. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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23. Spatially and temporally resolved measurements of NOx fluxes by airborne eddy-covariance over Greater London

Author

Vaughan, Adam R., Lee, James D., Metzger, Stefan, Durden, David, Lewis, Alastair C., Shaw, Marvin D., Drysdale, Will S., Purvis, Ruth M., Davison, Brian, and Hewitt, C. Nicholas

Abstract

Flux measurements of nitrogen oxides (NOx) were made over London using airborne eddy-covariance from a low flying aircraft. Seven low altitude flights were conducted over Greater London performing multiple over-passes across the city during eight days in July 2014. NOx fluxes across the Greater London region exhibited high heterogeneity and strong diurnal variability, with central areas responsible for the highest emission rates (20–30 mg m−2 h−1). Other high emission areas included the M25 orbital motorway. The complexity of London’s emission characteristics makes it challenging to pinpoint single emission sources definitively using airborne measurements. Multiple sources, including road transport and residential, commercial and industrial combustion sources are all likely to contribute to measured fluxes. Measured flux estimates were compared to scaled National Atmospheric Emissions Inventory (NAEI) estimates, accounting for; monthly, daily and hourly variability. Significant differences were found between the flux-driven emissions and the NAEI estimates across Greater London, with measured values up to two times higher in Central London than those predicted by the inventory. To overcome the limitations of using the national inventory to contextualise measured fluxes, we used physics-guided flux data fusion to train environmental response functions (ERF) between measured flux and environmental drivers (meteorological and surface). The aim was to generate time-of-day emission surfaces using calculated ERF relationships for the entire Greater London region (GLR). 98 % spatial coverage was achieved across GLR at 400 m2 spatial resolution. All flight leg projections showed substantial heterogeneity across the domain, with high emissions emanating from Central London and major road infrastructure. The diurnal emission structure of the GLR was also investigated, through ERF, with the morning rush-hour distinguished from lower emissions during the early afternoon. Overall, the integration of airborne fluxes with an ERF-driven strategy enabled the first independent generation of surface NOx emissions, at high resolution using an eddy-covariance approach, for an entire city region.

Published
2021

24. Evaluating the sensitivity of radical chemistry and ozone formation to ambient VOCs and NOₓ in Beijing

Author

Whalley, Lisa K., Slater, Eloise J., Woodward-Massey, Robert, Ye, Chunxiang, Lee, James D., Squires, Freya, Hopkins, James R., Dunmore, Rachel E., Shaw, Marvin, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., Lewis, Alastair C., Mehra, Archit, Worrall, Stephen D., Bacak, Asan, Bannan, Thomas J., Coe, Hugh, Percival, Carl J., Ouyang, Bin, Jones, Roderic L., Crilley, Leigh R., Kramer, Louisa J., Bloss, William J., Vu, Tuan, Kotthaus, Simone, Grimmond, Sue, Sun, Yele, Xu, Weiqi, Yue, Siyao, Ren, Lujie, Acton, W. Joe F., Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Wang, Xinming, Fu, Pingqing, and Heard, Dwayne E.

Abstract

Measurements of OH, HO2, complex RO2 (alkene- and aromatic-related RO2) and total RO2 radicals taken during the integrated Study of AIR Pollution PROcesses in Beijing (AIRPRO) campaign in central Beijing in the summer of 2017, alongside observations of OH reactivity, are presented. The concentrations of radicals were elevated, with OH reaching up to 2.8×107moleculecm−3, HO2 peaking at 1×109moleculecm−3 and the total RO2 concentration reaching 5.5×109moleculecm−3. OH reactivity (k(OH)) peaked at 89 s−1 during the night, with a minimum during the afternoon of ≈22s−1 on average. An experimental budget analysis, in which the rates of production and destruction of the radicals are compared, highlighted that although the sources and sinks of OH were balanced under high NO concentrations, the OH sinks exceeded the known sources (by 15 ppbv h−1) under the very low NO conditions (

Published
2021

25. Observations of speciated isoprene nitrates in Beijing: implications for isoprene chemistry

Author

Reeves, Claire E., primary, Mills, Graham P., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Liu, Yanhui, additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Slater, Eloise, additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, and Ye, Chunxiang, additional

Published
2021
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28. Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi, India

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Arya, Rahul, additional, Mondal, Arnab, additional, Jangirh, Ritu, additional, Ahlawat, Sakshi, additional, Yadav, Lokesh, additional, Sharma, Sudhir K., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh K., additional, Tripathi, Nidhi, additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2021
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29. Emissions of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds from domestic fuels used in Delhi, India

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Farren, Naomi J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Ward, Martyn W., additional, Swift, Stefan J., additional, Arya, Rahul, additional, Mondal, Arnab, additional, Jangirh, Ritu, additional, Ahlawat, Sakshi, additional, Yadav, Lokesh, additional, Sharma, Sudhir K., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh K., additional, Tripathi, Nidhi, additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2021
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30. Low-NO atmospheric oxidation pathways in a polluted megacity

Author

Newland, Mike J., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Dixon, William, additional, Drysdale, William S., additional, Ivatt, Peter D., additional, Evans, Mathew J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2021
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31. Comprehensive organic emission profiles, secondary organic aerosol production potential, and OH reactivity of domestic fuel combustion in Delhi, India

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh. K., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2021
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32. Using highly time-resolved online mass spectrometry to examine biogenic and anthropogenic contributions to organic aerosol in Beijing

Author

Mehra, Archit, primary, Canagaratna, Manjula, additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Priestley, Michael, additional, Liu, Dantong, additional, Zhao, Jian, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Lee, James, additional, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Elzein, Atallah, additional, Budisulistiorini, Sri Hapsari, additional, Cheng, Xi, additional, Chen, Qi, additional, Wang, Yuwei, additional, Wang, Lin, additional, Stark, Harald, additional, Krechmer, Jordan E., additional, Brean, James, additional, Slater, Eloise, additional, Whalley, Lisa, additional, Heard, Dwayne, additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Jayne, John, additional, Worsnop, Douglas, additional, Allan, James, additional, Percival, Carl, additional, and Coe, Hugh, additional

Published
2021
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33. PM1 composition and source apportionment at two sites in Delhi, India across multiple seasons

Author

Reyes Villegas, Ernesto, Panda, Upasana, Darbyshire, Eoghan, Cash, James M, Joshi, Rutambhara, Langford, Ben, Di Marco, Chiara F, Mullinger, Neil, Acton, W Joe F, Drysdale, Will, Nemitz, Eiko, Flynn, Michael, Voliotis, Aristeidis, McFiggans, Gordon, Coe, Hugh, Lee, James, Hewitt, C Nicholas, Heal, Mathew R, Gunthe, Sachin S, Shivani, Gadi, Ranu, Singh, Siddhartha, Soni, Vijay, and Allan, James

Abstract

Air pollution in urban environments has been shown to have a negative impact on air quality and human health, particularly in megacities. Over recent decades, Delhi, India has suffered high atmospheric pollution, with significant particulate matter (PM) concentrations as result of anthropogenic activities. Organic aerosols (OA) are composed of thousands of different chemical species and are one of the main constituents of submicron particles. However, quantitative knowledge of OA composition, their sources and processes in urban environments is still limited. This is important particularly in India, as Delhi is a massive, inhomogeneous conurbation, which we would expect that the apportionment and concentrations will vary depending on where in Delhi the measurements/source apportionment is performed, indicating the need of multi-site measurements. This study presents the first multisite analysis carried out in India over different seasons, with a focus on identifying OA sources. The measurements were taken during 2018 at two sites in Delhi, India. One site was located at the India Meteorological Department, New Delhi (ND). The other site was located at the Indira Gandhi Delhi Technical University for Women, Old Delhi (OD). Non-refractory submicron aerosol (NR-PM1) concentrations (ammonium, nitrate, sulphate, chloride and organic aerosols) of four aerosol mass spectrometers were analysed. Collocated measurements of VOC, black carbon, NOx and CO were performed. Positive matrix factorization (PMF) analysis was performed to separate the organic fraction, identifying a number of conventional factors: hydrocarbon-like OA (HOA) related to traffic emissions, biomass burning OA (BBOA), cooking OA (COA) and secondary OA (SOA). A composition-based estimate of PM1 is defined by combining BC and NR-PM1 (C-PM1 = BC + NR-PM1). No significant difference was observed on C-PM1 concentrations between sites; OD (142 ± 117 µg m−3) compared to ND (123 ± 71 µg m−3), from post-monsoon measurements. A wider variability was observed between seasons, where pre-monsoon and monsoon showed C-PM1 concentrations lower than 60 µg m−3. A seasonal variation in C-PM1 composition was observed; SO42− showed a high contribution over pre-monsoon and monsoon seasons while NO3− and Cl− had a higher contribution in winter and post-monsoon. The main primary aerosol source was from traffic, which is consistent with the PMF analysis and aethalometer model analysis. Thus, in order to reduce PM1 concentrations in Delhi through local emission controls traffic emissions control offers the greatest opportunity. PMF-AMS mass spectra will help to improve future aerosol source apportionment studies. The information generated in this study increases our understanding of PM1 composition and OA sources in Delhi, India. Furthermore, the scientific findings provide significant information to strengthen legislation that aims to improve air quality in India.

Published
2020

34. Surface–atmosphere fluxes of volatile organic compounds in Beijing

Author

Acton, W. Joe F., primary, Huang, Zhonghui, additional, Davison, Brian, additional, Drysdale, Will S., additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Hollaway, Michael, additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Lee, James, additional, Liu, Yanhui, additional, Metzger, Stefan, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Reeves, Claire E., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Wang, Zhaoyi, additional, Wild, Oliver, additional, Zhang, Qiang, additional, Zhang, Yanli, additional, and Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional

Published
2020
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35. Elevated levels of OH observed in haze events during wintertime in central Beijing

Author

Slater, Eloise J., primary, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Kramer, Louisa, additional, Bloss, William, additional, Vu, Tuan, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Yue, Siyao, additional, Ren, Lujie, additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, and Heard, Dwayne E., additional

Published
2020
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36. Supplementary material to "Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi, India"

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Arya, Rahul, additional, Mondal, Arnab, additional, Jangirh, Ritu, additional, Ahlawat, Sakshi, additional, Yadav, Lokesh, additional, Sharma, Sudhir K., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh K., additional, Tripathi, Nidhi, additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2020
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37. Emissions of non-methane volatile organic compounds from combustion of domestic fuels in Delhi, India

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Arya, Rahul, additional, Mondal, Arnab, additional, Jangirh, Ritu, additional, Ahlawat, Sakshi, additional, Yadav, Lokesh, additional, Sharma, Sudhir K., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh K., additional, Tripathi, Nidhi, additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2020
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38. Evaluating the sensitivity of radical chemistry and ozone formation to ambient VOCs and NOx in Beijing

Author

Whalley, Lisa K., primary, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Vu, Tuan, additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Yue, Siyao, additional, Ren, Lujie, additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, and Heard, Dwayne E., additional

Published
2020
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39. Emissions of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds from domestic fuels used in Delhi, India

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Farren, Naomi J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Ward, Martyn W., additional, Swift, Stefan J., additional, Arya, Rahul, additional, Mondal, Arnab, additional, Jangirh, Ritu, additional, Ahlawat, Sakshi, additional, Yadav, Lokesh, additional, Sharma, Sudhir K., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh K., additional, Tripathi, Nidhi, additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2020
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40. Supplementary material to "Emissions of intermediate-volatility and semi-volatile organic compounds from domestic fuels used in Delhi, India"

Author

Stewart, Gareth J., primary, Nelson, Beth S., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Farren, Naomi J., additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Ward, Martyn W., additional, Swift, Stefan J., additional, Arya, Rahul, additional, Mondal, Arnab, additional, Jangirh, Ritu, additional, Ahlawat, Sakshi, additional, Yadav, Lokesh, additional, Sharma, Sudhir K., additional, Yunus, Siti S. M., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Gadi, Ranu, additional, Sahu, Lokesh K., additional, Tripathi, Nidhi, additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Mandal, Tuhin K., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2020
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41. Measurements of traffic-dominated pollutant emissions in a Chinese megacity

Author

Squires, Freya A., primary, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Wild, Oliver, additional, Drysdale, Will S., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Grimmond, C. Sue B., additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Hollaway, Michael, additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Lee, James, additional, Metzger, Stefan, additional, Pingintha-Durden, Natchaya, additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Wu, Ruili, additional, Zhang, Qiang, additional, and Zhang, Yanli, additional

Published
2020
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42. Supplementary material to &quot;Elevated levels of OH observed in haze events during wintertime in central Beijing&quot;

Author

Slater, Eloise J., primary, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Squires, Freja, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Shaw, Marvin, additional, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Kramer, Louisa, additional, Bloss, William, additional, Vu, Tuan, additional, Sun, Yele, additional, Xu, Weiqi, additional, Yue, Siyao, additional, Ren, Lujie, additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, and Heard, Dwayne E., additional

Published
2020
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43. Supplementary material to "Surface–atmosphere fluxes of volatile organic compounds in Beijing"

Author

Acton, W. Joe F., primary, Huang, Zhonghui, additional, Davison, Brian, additional, Drysdale, Will S., additional, Fu, Pingqing, additional, Hollaway, Michael, additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Lee, James, additional, Liu, Yanhui, additional, Metzger, Stefan, additional, Mullinger, Neil, additional, Nemitz, Eiko, additional, Reeves, Claire E., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Vaughan, Adam R., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Wang, Zhaoyi, additional, Wild, Oliver, additional, Zhang, Qiang, additional, Zhang, Yanli, additional, and Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional

Published
2020
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44. Rainforest-like Atmospheric Chemistry in a Polluted Megacity

Author

Newland, Mike J., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Dixon, William, additional, Drysdale, William S., additional, Ivatt, Peter D., additional, Evans, Mathew J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2020
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45. Supplementary material to "Rainforest-like Atmospheric Chemistry in a Polluted Megacity"

Author

Newland, Mike J., primary, Bryant, Daniel J., additional, Dunmore, Rachel E., additional, Bannan, Thomas J., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Langford, Ben, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Squires, Freya A., additional, Dixon, William, additional, Drysdale, William S., additional, Ivatt, Peter D., additional, Evans, Mathew J., additional, Edwards, Peter M., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Slater, Eloise J., additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, Ye, Chunxiang, additional, Mehra, Archit, additional, Worrall, Stephen D., additional, Bacak, Asan, additional, Coe, Hugh, additional, Percival, Carl J., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Lee, James D., additional, Cui, Tianqu, additional, Surratt, Jason D., additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Lewis, Alastair C., additional, Rickard, Andrew R., additional, and Hamilton, Jacqueline F., additional

Published
2020
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46. Supplementary material to "Observations of speciated isoprene nitrates in Beijing: implications for isoprene chemistry"

Author

Reeves, Claire E., primary, Mills, Graham P., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Liu, Yanhui, additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Slater, Eloise, additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, and Ye, Chunxiang, additional

Published
2020
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47. Observations of speciated isoprene nitrates in Beijing: implications for isoprene chemistry

Author

Reeves, Claire E., primary, Mills, Graham P., additional, Whalley, Lisa K., additional, Acton, W. Joe F., additional, Bloss, William J., additional, Crilley, Leigh R., additional, Grimmond, Sue, additional, Heard, Dwayne E., additional, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, additional, Hopkins, James R., additional, Kotthaus, Simone, additional, Kramer, Louisa J., additional, Jones, Roderic L., additional, Lee, James D., additional, Liu, Yanhui, additional, Ouyang, Bin, additional, Slater, Eloise, additional, Squires, Freya, additional, Wang, Xinming, additional, Woodward-Massey, Robert, additional, and Ye, Chunxiang, additional

Published
2020
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50. In-depth study of air pollution sources and processes within Beijing and its surrounding region (APHH-Beijing)

Author

Shi, Zongbo, Vu, Tuan, Kotthaus, Simone, Harrison, Roy M., Grimmond, Sue, Yue, Siyao, Zhu, Tong, Lee, James, Han, Yiqun, Demuzere, Matthias, Dunmore, Rachel E., Ren, Lujie, Liu, Di, Wang, Yuanlin, Wild, Oliver, Allan, James, Acton, W. Joe, Barlow, Janet, Barratt, Benjamin, Beddows, David, Bloss, William J., Calzolai, Giulia, Carruthers, David, Carslaw, David C., Chan, Queenie, Chatzidiakou, Lia, Chen, Yang, Crilley, Leigh, Coe, Hugh, Dai, Tie, Doherty, Ruth, Duan, Fengkui, Fu, Pingqing, Ge, Baozhu, Ge, Maofa, Guan, Daobo, Hamilton, Jacqueline F., He, Kebin, Heal, Mathew, Heard, Dwayne, Hewitt, C. Nicholas, Hollaway, Michael, Hu, Min, Ji, Dongsheng, Jiang, Xujiang, Jones, Rod, Kalberer, Markus, Kelly, Frank J., Kramer, Louisa, Langford, Ben, Lin, Chun, Lewis, Alastair C., Li, Jie, Li, Weijun, Liu, Huan, Liu, Junfeng, Loh, Miranda, Lu, Keding, Lucarelli, Franco, Mann, Graham, McFiggans, Gordon, Miller, Mark R., Mills, Graham, Monk, Paul, Nemitz, Eiko, O'Connor, Fionna, Ouyang, Bin, Palmer, Paul I., Percival, Carl, Popoola, Olalekan, Reeves, Claire, Rickard, Andrew R., Shao, Longyi, Shi, Guangyu, Spracklen, Dominick, Stevenson, David, Sun, Yele, Sun, Zhiwei, Tao, Shu, Tong, Shengrui, Wang, Qingqing, Wang, Wenhua, Wang, Xinming, Wang, Xuejun, Wang, Zifang, Wei, Lianfang, Whalley, Lisa, Wu, Xuefang, Wu, Zhijun, Xie, Pinhua, Yang, Fumo, Zhang, Qiang, Zhang, Yanli, Zhang, Yuanhang, and Zheng, Mei

Abstract

The Atmospheric Pollution and Human Health in a Chinese Megacity (APHH-Beijing) programme is an international collaborative project focusing on understanding the sources, processes and health effects of air pollution in the Beijing megacity. APHH-Beijing brings together leading China and UK research groups, state-of-the-art infrastructure and air quality models to work on four research themes: (1) sources and emissions of air pollutants; (2) atmospheric processes affecting urban air pollution; (3) air pollution exposure and health impacts; and (4) interventions and solutions. Themes 1 and 2 are closely integrated and support Theme 3, while Themes 1–3 provide scientific data for Theme 4 to develop cost-effective air pollution mitigation solutions. This paper provides an introduction to (i) the rationale of the APHH-Beijing programme and (ii) the measurement and modelling activities performed as part of it. In addition, this paper introduces the meteorology and air quality conditions during two joint intensive field campaigns – a core integration activity in APHH-Beijing. The coordinated campaigns provided observations of the atmospheric chemistry and physics at two sites: (i) the Institute of Atmospheric Physics in central Beijing and (ii) Pinggu in rural Beijing during 10 November–10 December 2016 (winter) and 21 May–22 June 2017 (summer). The campaigns were complemented by numerical modelling and automatic air quality and low-cost sensor observations in the Beijing megacity. In summary, the paper provides background information on the APHH-Beijing programme and sets the scene for more focused papers addressing specific aspects, processes and effects of air pollution in Beijing.

Published
2019

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