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2. INOTROPE VERSUS PLACEBO THERAPY IN CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: THE CAPITAL DOREMI2 TRIAL

Author

Parlow, S., primary, Di Santo, P., additional, Sterling, L., additional, Goodliffe, L., additional, Motazedian, P., additional, Morgan, B., additional, Jung, R., additional, Koopman, Z., additional, Ainsworth, C., additional, Amin, F., additional, Fernando, S., additional, Belley-Cote, E., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, and Mathew, R., additional

Published
2023
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3. Epinephrine in Out-of-Hospital Cardiac Arrest: A Network Meta-analysis and Subgroup Analyses of Shockable and Nonshockable Rhythms

Author

Fernando, S. M., Mathew, R., Sadeghirad, B., Rochwerg, B., Hibbert, B., Munshi, L., Fan, E., Brodie, D., Di Santo, P., Tran, A., Mcleod, S. L., Vaillancourt, C., Cheskes, S., Ferguson, N. D., Scales, D. C., Lin, S., Sandroni, Claudio, Soar, J., Dorian, P., Perkins, G. D., Nolan, J. P., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Fernando, S. M., Mathew, R., Sadeghirad, B., Rochwerg, B., Hibbert, B., Munshi, L., Fan, E., Brodie, D., Di Santo, P., Tran, A., Mcleod, S. L., Vaillancourt, C., Cheskes, S., Ferguson, N. D., Scales, D. C., Lin, S., Sandroni, Claudio, Soar, J., Dorian, P., Perkins, G. D., Nolan, J. P., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

Background: Epinephrine is the most commonly used drug in out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA) resuscitation, but evidence supporting its efficacy is mixed. Research Question: What are the comparative efficacy and safety of standard dose epinephrine, high-dose epinephrine, epinephrine plus vasopressin, and placebo or no treatment in improving outcomes after OHCA? Study Design and Methods: In this systematic review and network meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials, we searched six databases from inception through June 2022 for randomized controlled trials evaluating epinephrine use during OHCA resuscitation. We performed frequentist random-effects network meta-analysis and present ORs and 95% CIs. We used the the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation approach to rate the certainty of evidence. Outcomes included return of spontaneous circulation (ROSC), survival to hospital admission, survival to discharge, and survival with good functional outcome. Results: We included 18 trials (21,594 patients). Compared with placebo or no treatment, high-dose epinephrine (OR, 4.27; 95% CI, 3.68-4.97), standard-dose epinephrine (OR, 3.69; 95% CI, 3.32-4.10), and epinephrine plus vasopressin (OR, 3.54; 95% CI, 2.94-4.26) all increased ROSC. High-dose epinephrine (OR, 3.53; 95% CI, 2.97-4.20), standard-dose epinephrine (OR, 3.00; 95% CI, 2.66-3.38), and epinephrine plus vasopressin (OR, 2.79; 95% CI, 2.27-3.44) all increased survival to hospital admission as compared with placebo or no treatment. However, none of these agents may increase survival to discharge or survival with good functional outcome as compared with placebo or no treatment. Compared with placebo or no treatment, standard-dose epinephrine improved survival to discharge among patients with nonshockable rhythm (OR, 2.10; 95% CI, 1.21-3.63), but not in those with shockable rhythm (OR, 0.85; 95% CI, 0.39-1.85). Interpretation: Use of standard-dose epinephrine, high-dose epinephrine

Published
2023

5. Outcomes of patients with high bleeding risks characteristics presenting with acute coronary syndrome undergoing percutaneous coronary intervention

Author

Fu, A, primary, Barry, Q, additional, Boudreau, R, additional, Clifford, C, additional, Chow, A, additional, Simard, T, additional, Chong, A Y, additional, Dick, A, additional, Froeschl, M, additional, Glover, C, additional, Hibbert, B, additional, Labinaz, M, additional, Le May, M, additional, Russo, J, additional, and So, D, additional

Published
2021
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6. OFF-HOURS PRESENTATION AND CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN PATIENTS TREATED WITH PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION FOR ST-SEGMENT ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION: ANALYSIS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA HEART INSTITUTE REGISTRY

Author

Rashid, M, primary, Wells, G, additional, Chong, A, additional, Dick, A, additional, Froeschl, M, additional, Glover, C, additional, Hibbert, B, additional, Labinaz, M, additional, Russo, J, additional, So, D, additional, and Le May, M, additional

Published
2021
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8. Using charcoal, ATR FTIR and chemometrics to model the intensity of pyrolysis: Exploratory steps towards characterising fire events

Author

Constantine, M, Mooney, S, Hibbert, B, Marjo, C, Bird, M, Cohen, T, Forbes, M, McBeath, A, Rich, A, Stride, J, Constantine, M, Mooney, S, Hibbert, B, Marjo, C, Bird, M, Cohen, T, Forbes, M, McBeath, A, Rich, A, and Stride, J

Abstract

This study describes a multivariate statistical model (derived using partial least squares regression, PLS-R) that derives charring intensity (reaction temperature and duration) from the attenuated total reflectance (ATR) Fourier Transform Infrared (FTIR) spectra of charcoal. Data for the model was obtained from a library of charcoal samples produced under laboratory conditions at charring intensities (CI) relevant to wildfires and a series of feedstocks representing common tree species collected from Australia. The PLS-R model developed reveals the potential of FTIR to determine the charring intensity of charcoal. Though limited by the differences between laboratory-produced charcoal and the more heterogeneous and less-structured charcoal produced in a wildfire, the method was tested against fossil charcoal from a well-dated sediment core collected from Thirlmere Lakes National Park, Australia and showed a distinct change in CI that can be related to other climatic and environmental proxies. We suggest that the method has the potential to offer insights into the conditions under which natural charcoal is formed including the modelling of charring intensities of fossil charcoal samples isolated from sediments, archaeological applications or characterisation of contemporary fire events from charcoal in soils.

Published
2021

9. Targeted temperature management following out-of-hospital cardiac arrest: a systematic review and network meta-analysis of temperature targets

Author

Fernando, S. M., Di Santo, P., Sadeghirad, B., Lascarrou, J. -B., Rochwerg, B., Mathew, R., Sekhon, M. S., Munshi, L., Fan, E., Brodie, D., Rowan, K. M., Hough, C. L., Mcleod, S. L., Vaillancourt, C., Cheskes, S., Ferguson, N. D., Scales, D. C., Sandroni, Claudio, Nolan, J. P., Hibbert, B., Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611), Fernando, S. M., Di Santo, P., Sadeghirad, B., Lascarrou, J. -B., Rochwerg, B., Mathew, R., Sekhon, M. S., Munshi, L., Fan, E., Brodie, D., Rowan, K. M., Hough, C. L., Mcleod, S. L., Vaillancourt, C., Cheskes, S., Ferguson, N. D., Scales, D. C., Sandroni, Claudio, Nolan, J. P., Hibbert, B., and Sandroni C. (ORCID:0000-0002-8878-2611)

Abstract

Purpose: Targeted temperature management (TTM) may improve survival and functional outcome in comatose survivors of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), though the optimal target temperature remains unknown. We conducted a systematic review and network meta-analysis to investigate the efficacy and safety of deep hypothermia (31–32 °C), moderate hypothermia (33–34 °C), mild hypothermia (35–36 °C), and normothermia (37–37.8 °C) during TTM. Methods: We searched six databases from inception to June 2021 for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) evaluating TTM in comatose OHCA survivors. Two reviewers performed screening, full text review, and extraction independently. The primary outcome of interest was survival with good functional outcome. We used GRADE to rate our certainty in estimates. Results: We included 10 RCTs (4218 patients). Compared with normothermia, deep hypothermia (odds ratio [OR] 1.30, 95% confidence interval [CI] 0.73–2.30), moderate hypothermia (OR 1.34, 95% CI 0.92–1.94) and mild hypothermia (OR 1.44, 95% CI 0.74–2.80) may have no effect on survival with good functional outcome (all low certainty). Deep hypothermia may not improve survival with good functional outcome, as compared to moderate hypothermia (OR 0.97, 95% CI 0.61–1.54, low certainty). Moderate hypothermia (OR 1.23, 95% CI 0.86–1.77) and deep hypothermia (OR 1.27, 95% CI 0.70–2.32) may have no effect on survival, as compared to normothermia. Finally, incidence of arrhythmia was higher with moderate hypothermia (OR 1.45, 95% CI 1.08–1.94) and deep hypothermia (OR 3.58, 95% CI 1.77–7.26), compared to normothermia (both high certainty). Conclusions: Mild, moderate, or deep hypothermia may not improve survival or functional outcome after OHCA, as compared to normothermia. Moderate and deep hypothermia were associated with higher incidence of arrhythmia. Routine use of moderate or deep hypothermia in comatose survivors of OHCA may potentially be associated with more harm th

Published
2021

12. Comparing clinical outcomes following 1 year of dual antiplatelet therapy in patients risk stratified by the PRECISE-DAPT and DAPT scores

Author

Boudreau, R, primary, Fu, A, additional, Barry, Q, additional, Tran, U, additional, Perry-Nuygen, D, additional, Simard, T, additional, Le May, M, additional, Labinaz, L, additional, Dick, A, additional, Glover, C, additional, Froeschl, M, additional, Hibbert, B, additional, Chong, A, additional, and So, D, additional

Published
2020
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14. OUTCOMES OF APPROPRIATE VERSUS INAPPROPRIATE DE-ESCALATION OF P2Y12 INHIBITOR THERAPY POST PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY.

Author

Barry, Q., primary, Fu, A., additional, Boudreau, R., additional, Perry-Nguyen, D., additional, Tran, U., additional, Simard, T., additional, Le May, M., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Dick, A., additional, Glover, C., additional, Froeschl, M., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Chong, A., additional, and So, D., additional

Published
2019
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18. APPROPRIATE VERSES INAPPROPRIATE DE-ESCALATION OF P2Y12 INHIBITOR THERAPY POST PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION: A RETROSPECTIVE COHORT STUDY

Author

Barry, Q., primary, Fu, A., additional, Boudreau, R., additional, Simard, T., additional, Le May, M., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Dick, A., additional, Glover, C., additional, Froeschl, M., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Chong, A., additional, So, D., additional, Perry-Nguyen, D., additional, and Tran, U., additional

Published
2018
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19. INCIDENCE AND RATIONALE FOR P2Y12 INHIBITOR SWITCHING IN PATIENTS WITHIN 1 YEAR OF PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION

Author

Fu, A., primary, Barry, Q., additional, Boudreau, R., additional, Perry-Nguyen, D., additional, Tran, U., additional, Simard, T., additional, Le May, M., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Dick, A., additional, Glover, C., additional, Froeschl, M., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Chong, A., additional, and So, D., additional

Published
2018
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20. DO THE DAPT AND PRECISE-DAPT SCORES PROVIDE CONCORDANT RECOMMENDATIONS FOR DURATION OF P2Y12 INHIBITOR TREATMENT AFTER PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION?

Author

Boudreau, R., primary, Fu, A., additional, Barry, Q., additional, Perry-Nguyen, D., additional, Tran, U., additional, Simard, T., additional, Le May, M., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Dick, A., additional, Glover, C., additional, Froeschl, M., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Chong, A., additional, and So, D., additional

Published
2018
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22. ISCHEMIC AND BLEEDING OUTCOMES AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING AMONG PATIENTS INITIALLY TREATED WITH A P2Y12 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST FOR ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES - INSIGHTS ON TIMING OF DISCONTINUATION OF TICAGRELOR AND CLOPIDOGREL PRIOR TO SURGERY

Author

Russo, J.J., primary, James, T.E., additional, Ruel, M., additional, Dupuis, J., additional, Singh, K., additional, Goubran, D., additional, Malhotra, N., additional, Chan, V., additional, Chong, A., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Tanguay, J., additional, Lordkipanidzé, M., additional, Perrault, L., additional, Wells, G., additional, Bourke, M., additional, Rubens, F., additional, and So, D.Y., additional

Published
2016
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25. ISCHEMIC AND BLEEDING OUTCOMES AFTER CORONARY ARTERY BYPASS GRAFTING AMONG PATIENTS INITIALLY TREATED WITH A P2Y12 RECEPTOR ANTAGONIST FOR ACUTE CORONARY SYNDROMES - INSIGHTS ON THE USE OF TICAGRELOR VERSUS CLOPIDOGREL PRIOR TO SURGERY

Author

Russo, J.J., primary, James, T.E., additional, Ruel, M., additional, Dupuis, J., additional, Singh, K., additional, Goubran, D., additional, Malhotra, N., additional, Chan, V., additional, Chong, A., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Tanguay, J., additional, Lordkipanidzé, M., additional, Perrault, L., additional, Wells, G.A., additional, Bourke, M., additional, Rubens, F., additional, and So, D.Y., additional

Published
2016
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27. IMPACT OF MEAN ARTERIAL PRESSURE ON CLINICAL OUTCOMES IN COMATOSE SURVIVORS OF OUT-OF-HOSPITAL CARDIAC ARREST: INSIGHTS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA HEART INSTITUTE ROSC REGISTRY

Author

Russo, J.J., primary, James, T.E., additional, Osborne, C., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Yousef, A., additional, Froeschl, M.P., additional, So, D.Y., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Chong, A., additional, Glover, C., additional, Marquis, J., additional, and Le May, M.R., additional

Published
2016
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29. CULPRIT-VESSEL ONLY VERSUS STAGED PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION DURING INDEX ADMISSION FOR ST-ELEVATION MYOCARDIAL INFARCTION PATIENTS WITH MULTIVESSEL DISEASE: INSIGHTS FROM THE UNIVERSITY OF OTTAWA STEMI REGISTRY

Author

Russo, J.J., primary, Wells, G.A., additional, Chong, A., additional, So, D.Y., additional, Glover, C.A., additional, Froeschl, M.P., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Marquis, J., additional, Dick, A., additional, Blondeau, M., additional, Bernick, J., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, and Le May, M.R., additional

Published
2015
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31. CLINICAL PERFORMANCE OF RB82 MYOCARDIAL PERFUSION PET AND TC-99M SPECT IN PATIENTS WITH EXTREME OBESITY (BMI ≥ 40)

Author

Harnett, D.T., primary, Maze, R., additional, McArdle, B., additional, Simard, T., additional, Henry, E., additional, Dwivedi, G., additional, Hessian, R., additional, Glover, C., additional, deKemp, R.A., additional, Davies, R.A., additional, Ruddy, T.D., additional, Chow, B.J., additional, Beanlands, R., additional, and Hibbert, B., additional

Published
2015
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32. How to cross-examine forensic scientists: A guide for lawyers

Author

Edmond, G, Martire, KA, Kemp, RI, Hamer, D, Hibbert, B, Ligertwood, A, Porter, G, San Roque, M, Searston, R, Tangen, J, Thompson, M, White, D, Edmond, G, Martire, KA, Kemp, RI, Hamer, D, Hibbert, B, Ligertwood, A, Porter, G, San Roque, M, Searston, R, Tangen, J, Thompson, M, and White, D

Abstract

This article is a resource for lawyers approaching the cross-examination offorensic scientists (and other expert witnesses). Through a series ofexamples, it provides information that will assist lawyers to explore theprobative value of forensic science evidence, in particular forensiccomparison evidence, on the voir dire and at trial. Questions covering abroad range of potential topics and issues, including relevance, theexpression of results, codes of conduct, limitations and errors, aresupplemented with detailed commentary and references to authoritativereports and research on the validity and reliability of forensic sciencetechniques.

Published
2014

33. Countercurrent chromatography in analytical chemistry (IUPAC technical report)

Author

Berthod, Alain, Maryutina, Tatyana, Spivakov, Boris, Shpigun, Oleg, Sutherland, Ian A., Fajgelj, A., Camoes, M., Chai, Z., De Bieyre, P., Hibbert, B., Labuda, J., Lobinski, Ryszard, Lund, W., Mester, Z., Motomizu, S., De Zorzi, P., Felinger, A., Jarosz, M., Knox, D. E., Minkkinen, P., Pingaron, J., Aggarwal, S. K., Apak, R., Iqbal, M. S., Kim, H., Smith, R. M., Trendafilova, N., Torto, N., Sciences Analytiques (SA), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC), Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), and NASA Goddard Space Flight Center (GSFC)

Subjects
Centrifugal force, review countercurrent chromatog analytical chem, Chromatography, 010405 organic chemistry, Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, 010401 analytical chemistry, Chemical nomenclature, Analytical chemistry, Radioanalytical chemistry, General Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, Enrichment methods, 0104 chemical sciences, Countercurrent chromatography, Stationary phase, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, Phase (matter), Chromatography column
Abstract

Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) is a generic term covering all forms of liquid-liquid chromatography that use a support-free liquid stationary phase held in place by a simple centrifugal or complex centrifugal force field. Biphasic liquid systems are used with one liquid phase being the stationary phase and the other being the mobile phase. Although initiated almost 30 years ago, CCC lacked reliable columns. This is changing now, and the newly designed centrifuges appearing on the market make excellent CCC columns. This review focuses on the advantages of a liquid stationary phase and addresses the chromatographic theory of CCC. The main difference with classical liquid chromatography (LC) is the variable volume of the stationary phase. There are mainly two different ways to obtain a liquid stationary phase using centrifugal forces, the hydrostatic way and the hydrodynamic way. These two kinds of CCC columns are described and compared. The reported applications of CCC in analytical chemistry and comparison with other separation and enrichment methods show that the technique can be successfully used in the analysis of plants and other natural products, for the separation of biochemicals and pharmaceuticals, for the separation of alkaloids from medical herbs, in food analysis, etc. On the basis of the studies of the last two decades, recommendations are also given for the application of CCC in trace inorganic analysis and in radioanalytical chemistry.

Published
2009
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34. Glossary of terms related to solubility (IUPAC recommendations 2008)

Author

Gamsjaeger, Heinz, Lorimer, John W., Scharlin, Pirketta, Shaw, David G., Lobinski, Ryszard, Powell, K. J., Fajgelj, A., Smith, R. M., Bonardi, M., De Bievre, P., Hibbert, B., Joensson, J.-A., Labuda, J., Lund, W., Chai, Z., Karst, U., Kutner, D. W., Minkkinen, P., Murray, K., Balarew, C., Dominguez, E., Kocaoba, S., Mester, Z., Spivakov, B., Wang, W., Zagatto, E., Torto, N., Hummel, W., Knox, D. E., Koenigsberger, E., Salomon, M., Voigt, W., Wanner, H., Institut des sciences analytiques et de physico-chimie pour l'environnement et les materiaux (IPREM), Université de Pau et des Pays de l'Adour (UPPA)-Institut de Chimie du CNRS (INC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institut de biologie et chimie des protéines [Lyon] (IBCP), Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1 (UCBL), Université de Lyon-Université de Lyon-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), State Key Laboratory of Hydrology-Water Resources and Hydraulic Engineering [Nanjing] (HYDRO-LAB), Hohai University, Franche-Comté Électronique Mécanique, Thermique et Optique - Sciences et Technologies (UMR 6174) (FEMTO-ST), Université de Technologie de Belfort-Montbeliard (UTBM)-Ecole Nationale Supérieure de Mécanique et des Microtechniques (ENSMM)-Université de Franche-Comté (UFC), Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE] (UBFC)-Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique (CNRS), Institute of Geography [Bern], and University of Bern

Subjects
Glossary, Chemistry, General Chemical Engineering, Chemical nomenclature, Thermodynamics, 02 engineering and technology, General Chemistry, 010402 general chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Terminology, review soly recommended nomenclature, 020401 chemical engineering, [CHIM.ANAL]Chemical Sciences/Analytical chemistry, medicine, Engineering ethics, 0204 chemical engineering, medicine.symptom, Solubility, Confusion
Abstract

Phenomena related to the solubility of solids, liquids, and gases with one another are of interest to scientists and technologists in an array of disciplines. The diversity of backgrounds of individuals concerned with solubility creates a potential for confusion and miscommunication and heightens the need for an authoritative glossary of terms related to solubility. This glossary defines 166 terms used to describe solubility and related phenomena. The definitions are consistent with one another and with recommendations of the International Union of Pure and Applied Chemistry for terminology and nomenclature.

Published
2008
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36. BIVALIRUDIN FOR PRIMARY PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTIONS IN PATIENTS WITH CARDIOGENIC SHOCK: OUTCOME ASSESSMENT IN THE CAPITAL STEMI REGISTRY

Author

Pourdjabbar, A., primary, Hibbert, B., additional, Maze, R., additional, Simard, T., additional, Ramirez, F., additional, So, D., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Dick, A., additional, Chong, A., additional, Glover, C., additional, Froeschl, M., additional, Marquis, J., additional, Blondeau, M., additional, Osborne, C., additional, and Le May, M., additional

Published
2014
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39. PERCUTANEOUS CORONARY INTERVENTION WITH RACER RENAL STENTS

Author

Harnett, D.T., primary, Maze, R., additional, Pourdjabbar, A., additional, Ramirez, F.D., additional, Simard, T., additional, So, D., additional, Le May, M.R., additional, Labinaz, M., additional, Hibbert, B., additional, Chong, A., additional, and Glover, C., additional

Published
2014
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44. On The Edge Of Chaos II: Industrial Network Interpretations Of Boolean Functions In NK Models

Author

Wilkinson, I, Easton, G, and Hibbert, B

Abstract

In the process of developing an NK model simulation of the dynamics of industrial networks the role of Boolean functions is crucial. In this paper we examine a simple net, with three relationships and, for each of the sixteen possible Boolean functions that could apply, provide industrial network interpretations. Such analyses not only help in the development of the model but also provide useful insights into the micro behaviour of industrial nets.

Published
1997

45. The Nature Of Network Evolution: Emergent Structures And Process Models

Author

Georgieva, C, Håkansson, H, Hibbert, B, and Wilkinson, I

Abstract

Theories and models of structural evolution are reviewed drawing in part on earlier work of the researchers involved. The nature of network structure and structuring processes are discussed as well as the nature of firm and network boundaries. Process models of structure are introduced in which network structure and evolution emerges in a bottom up, self-organising fashion. Issues of complexity and non-linearity are discussed and their relevance to understanding network structure and evolution. This paper provides the theoretical background for the remaining papers in the session.

Published
1996

46. Modelling Industrial Networks Using NK Models

Author

Easton, G, Hibbert, B, and Wilkinson, I

Abstract

We report some results of simulations using NK models to examine underlying issues concerning network evolution. We do not model a particular real network but are attempting to represent the essential general features of one. The focus is on the dynamic structure of linked activities and the way the emergence of firms and networks can be modelled in terms of self-organised "patches" of coordinated activities.

Published
1996

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