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Groundcherry (Physalis angulata) is a medicinal plant originating from the Cibodas Resort forest, Gunung Gede Pangrango National Park. This study aimed to identify the actual potential of cecal plants and analyze perceptions, motivations, and perceptions of the impact of their utilization by the community around Cibodas Resort MGPNP. Research was carried out from September to November 2021, in Cibodas Resort MGPNP and Cimacan Village. The total number of groundcherrys found at an altitude of 1,000– 1,600 masl is 148. Results of the Hawaii Pacific Weed Risk Assessment (HPWRA) for groundcherry are 20, which means they are high risk of becoming invasive in the area. The dominant characteristic of the Cimacan Village community is married to the last high school education level who works as an entrepreneur. The highest intensity utilization of the groundcherry is as an ingredient for food or drink consumption. Motivation of the community using groundcherry plants is same for religion, education, ecology, culture, recreation and society. Perceptions of impact of using groundcherry plants are uncertain to economic, social and cultural impacts. Perceptions of the ecological impact are considered disagreed by the surrounding community. Utilization by a community using a cultivation approach can be a solution to the high risk of invasiveness of groundcherry plants. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Traditional knowledge explains the sustainable use and management of natural resources that are critical for the long-term of ecosystems and food security one of the challenges in maintaining traditional knowledge is urbanization. This study aims to identify the diversity of food plants used by the Gayo Lut community and describe the effect of urbanization on changes in traditional knowledge. Data collection methods include freelisting and field observation. This research involved 3 groups of 16 elders, 16 non-urban, and 16 Urban. The respondents were asked to freelist by mentioning 25 of Gayo Lut traditional common food plants and interviews related to food terminology, including the food plants used. Data were analyzed with Salience Index using Anthropac, and Jaccard index to see the similarity knowledge. This study found a total 188 of food plants and 224 dishes. The effect of urbanization on food plants knowledge is significantly seen for urban community. In contrast to cuisines knowledge, urban people tend to have more knowledge, and modified recipes as a form of adaptation but still maintained distinctive flavors. This study also reveals that there is a close relationship between traditional cuisine and food plants, which can be an alternative for food plant conservation. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Gayo coffee has been the main commodity of the Gayo tribe, including the Mude Nosar, as local farmers. One of the waysto cultivate Gayo coffee is through an agroforestry system. However, limited reports on the tree species composition and its management in Gayo coffee-based agroforestry need to be explored. This study aims i) to identify the tree species composition and structure, as well as 2) to analyze the management of Gayo coffee-based agroforestry system in Mude Nosar Village. The method used plot establishment for vegetation analysis and interviewed the Gayo coffee farmers. The results showed that the number of tree species at all growth stages was 26 species. The highest Important Value Index (IVI) at the understory and sapling level in order was rumput kerbau (Paspalum conjugatum) and Gayo coffee (Coffea arabica), while at the seedling, pole, and tree levels were dominated by lamtoro (Leucaena leucocephala). The local farmers often use lamtoro as a shade tree for Gayo coffee in the agroforestry system. The species diversity index (H') showed low values at all tree growth levels. The horizontal structure of the tree stand showed an inverted J curve, meaning that the regeneration rate was normal. The vertical structure of the tree stand belongs to strata C and D. The local farmers have applied good Gayo coffee management practices through an agroforestry system, including land and seed preparation, planting, maintenance, and harvesting techniques. The management of Gayo coffee using an agroforestry system impacts the ecological, economic, and social aspects. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Indonesian sugar palm farmers progress up to date indicates less encouraging condition. In the last decade, sugar palm farmers faced thorough, complex problems from top to bottom. These complex problems could not be solved by the sugar palm farmers alone. It requires stakeholders’ role to work together to solve them. This study aims to assess which stakeholders and how their role plays in the sustainable utilization of sugar palm. The study successfully identified 15 stakeholders interested in sugar palm utilization. Sugar palm farmers had high interest in the effort to develop sustainable sugar palm utilization. The interest of sugar palm farmers in Kekait Village was generally affected by strong bond against the local culture which was still being practiced. The Department of Agriculture of West Lombok Regency had a level of influence by 16 points. The high level of influence was determined by the authority of the juridical attached to the Department of Agriculture. The authority covered coaching, mentoring, supervision and provision of assistance. The results of actors-linkage matrix analysis indicated that the level of relationship among stakeholders showed the potential for conflict, cooperation, and mutual help was low. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Scholars has emphasized that community involvement are an important factor in achieving sustainable tourism goals, including community empowerment. The study purpose is to identify community perception of social empowerment resulted from tourism development, to analyze the community involvement in tourism development and to analyze the relationship between community involvement and perceptions related to social empowerment in tourism development. The method employ in this research was a quantitative approach (i.e., household survey). The result showed that majority respondents have a positive perception related social empowerment indicators, including conflict in the area. Community involvement in tourism industry and decision-making process could enhance respondents’ perceptions toward social empowerment indicators. It can be seen from the percentage of the respondents who has positive perception is higher than those who do not involve in tourism industry or decision-making process. The interesting finding is, however, despite the limited resources due to island condition and the ethnic composition that dominate by certain ethnic group, the conflict occurs in the area seems to be low. Since more respondent are disagree if tourism in their area increase the conflict. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Aren (Arenga pinnata (Wurmb) Merr.) is a high ecological and economical value species of Indonesia. Aren grows spreading in Indonesia including at Meru Betiri National Park in the province of East Java, Indonesia. The community in Meru Betiri National Park uses aren fruit which is called kolang-kaling. Even though aren grows naturally in this area, the community has not maximized its utilization. This study aims to identify the actual and ideal conditions for aren conservation also to analyse the gap between them, and to formulate the conservation actions to realize a sustainable aren conservation in Meru Betiri National Park. The data wascollected by using vegetation analysis and in-depth interviews with all of the aren farmers. Aren regeneration in Meru Betiri National Park is categorized stable and seems to be decreased. The use of aren by the community is limited only from the fruit as kolang-kaling. There is a gap between current and ideal conditions for achieving aren sustainability. To achieve the ideal conditions, conservation actions are needed among aren farmers by utilizing agroforestry systems, increasing the value of aren, intensive coaching for aren farmers, and forming a group of aren farmer. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Southeast Asia is known for its rich linguistic, cultural and biological diversity. While ethnobiology in the west has benefitted greatly from intellectual and methodological advances over the last decades, the status of Southeast Asian ethnobiology is largely unknown. This study aims to provide an analysis of the current status of ethnobiology in Southeast Asia and outlines possibilities for future advancements. Methods: We accessed papers cited in the Scopus and Web of Science databases for the period of 1960 to 2014 using the current as well as previous names of the 11 Southeast Asian countries and various disciplines of ethnobiology as key words. We juxtaposed the number of publications from each country against its number of indigenous groups and languages, to see if ethnobiology research has addressed this full spectrum of ethnical diversity. The available data for the last ten years was analysed according to the five phases concept to understand the nature of studies dominating Southeast Asian ethnobiology. Results and conclusions: A total number of 312 publications were recorded in the databases for the period 1960-2014. Indonesia ranks highest (93 studies), followed by Thailand (68), Malaysia (58) Philippines (42), Vietnam (31), Laos (29), and other Southeast Asian countries (44). A strong correlation was found between the number of publications for each country, the number of indigenous groups, and the number of endangered languages. Comparing the data available for the period 2005-2009 with 2010-2014, we found a strong increase in the number of phase 5 publications. However, papers with bioprospecting focus were also on the rise, especially in Malaysia. Our study indicates that ethnobiologists still need to realise the full potential of the Biocultural Diversity of Southeast Asia, and that there is a strong need to focus more on socially relevant research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]