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Many parasites manipulate host behaviour to enhance their transmission. Baculoviruses induce enhanced locomotory activity (ELA) combined with subsequent climbing behaviour in lepidopteran larvae, which facilitates viral dispersal. However, the mechanisms underlying host manipulation system are largely unknown. Previously, larval locomotion during ELA was summarized as the distance travelled for a few minutes at several time points, which are unlikely to characterize ELA precisely, as ELA typically persists for several hours. In this study, we modified a recently developed method using time-lapse recording to characterize locomotion of Bombyx mori larvae infected with B. mori nucleopolyhedrovirus (BmNPV) for 24 h at 3 s resolution. Our data showed that the locomotion of the mock-infected larvae was restricted to a small area, whereas the BmNPV-infected larvae exhibited a large locomotory area. These results indicate that BmNPV dysregulates the locomotory pattern of host larvae. Furthermore, both the mock- and BmNPV-infected larvae showed periodic cycles of movement and stationary behaviour with a similar frequency, suggesting the physiological mechanisms that induce locomotion are unaffected by BmNPV infection. In contrast, the BmNPV-infected larvae exhibited fast and long-lasting locomotion compared with mock-infected larvae, which indicates that locomotory speed and duration are manipulated by BmNPV.

We present a deep ultraviolet (DUV) light microscope capable of serial block-face imaging of the whole rodent brain. The capability of the 3D-DUV microscope for quantitative volumetric analysis of the small substructures of habenula is shown. It is expected that large scale wide-field high resolution analysis of the smaller regions would allow for elucidating the functional changes linked with the morphological changes in brain under pathological conditions.

A first attempt was made to quantify the impact of the assimilation of Surface Water Ocean Topography (SWOT) swath altimeter data in a global 1/12° high resolution analysis and forecasting system through a series of Observing System Simulation Experiments (OSSEs). The OSSE framework (Nature Run and Free Run) and data assimilation scheme have been described in detail in a companion article (Benkiran et al., 2021). The impact of assimilating data from SWOT and three nadir altimeters was quantified by estimating analysis and forecast error variances for sea surface height (SSH), temperature, salinity, zonal, and meridional velocities. Wave-number spectra and coherence analyses of SSH errors were also computed. SWOT data will significantly improve the quality of ocean analyses and forecasts. Adding SWOT observations to those of three nadir altimeters globally reduces the variance of SSH and surface velocities in analyses and forecasts by about 30 and 20%, respectively. Improvements are greater in high-latitude regions where space/time coverage of SWOT is much denser. The combination of SWOT data with data from three nadir altimeters provides a better resolution of wavelengths between 50 and 200 km with a more than 40% improvement outside tropical regions with respect to data from three nadir altimeters alone. The study has also highlighted that the impact of using SWOT data is likely to be very different depending on geographical areas. Constraining smaller spatial scales (wavelengths below 100 km) remains challenging as they are also associated with small time scales. Although this is only a first step, the study has demonstrated that SWOT data could be readily assimilated in a global high-resolution analysis and forecasting system with a positive impact at all latitudes and outstanding performances.

Summary Chromosome conformation capture (3C) techniques are emerging as promising approaches to study genome organization in Archaea, the least understood domain of life in terms of chromosome biology. Here, we describe a 3C technique combined with deep sequencing for the hyperthermophilic archaeal genus Sulfolobus. Instead of using restriction enzymes compatible with fill-in labeling, this protocol uses the 4-bp blunt cutter AluI to generate high-resolution (up to 2 kb) contact maps from Sulfolobus species. For complete details on the use and execution of this protocol, please refer to Takemata and Bell (2021)., Graphical abstract, Highlights • High-resolution chromosome conformation capture of Sulfolobus archaea • Culture conditions for Sulfolobus • DNA digestion, ligation, and recovery procedures • Library preparation for next-generation sequencing, Chromosome conformation capture (3C) techniques are emerging as promising approaches to study genome organization in Archaea, the least understood domain of life in terms of chromosome biology. Here, we describe a 3C technique combined with deep sequencing for the hyperthermophilic archaeal genus Sulfolobus. Instead of using restriction enzymes compatible with fill-in labeling, this protocol uses the 4-bp blunt cutter AluI to generate high-resolution (up to 2 kb) contact maps from Sulfolobus species.

Although silver particles are used in various applications and a countless amount of synthesis routes exists, their formation mechanism is still poorly understood. Especially the first species formed directly after nucleation challenge analysis methods with their small size and transient nature. Analytical ultracentrifugation (AUC) has already proven to provide high size resolution and therefore enables the characterization of early nucleation species. Herein, we present an experiment of multiwavelength (MWL)-AUC of silver clusters, which revealed seven different cluster species. They consist of less than 10 atoms and therefore represent the first species formed after nucleation. Using MWL-AUC, UV/vis spectra could be allocated to each of them, which is shown for the first time. These findings establish MWL-AUC as a high-resolution tool to investigate a nucleation mechanism for silver and other metal nanoparticles.

The high–resolution infrared spectrum of C2H2D2-cis was recorded for the first time and analyzed in the region of 2400–2700 cm − 1 , where the ν 2 + ν 6 band is located. 1987 transitions were assigned to the ν 2 + ν 6 band and 623 ro–vibrational energies of the ( v 2 = v 6 = 1 ) vibrational state were determined from the assigned transitions. Parameters of the effective Hamiltonian were determined from the weighted fit, which takes into account the studied ( v 2 = v 6 = 1 ) vibrational state and six other closely located (but experimentally here not visible) vibrational states of C2H2D2-cis. The obtained “experimental” energy values were used as initial information in the fit. Determined from the fit, a set of 95 parameters reproduces 623 initial energy values of the ( v 2 = v 6 = 1 ) vibrational state, representing 1987 line positions of the ν 2 + ν 6 band with the d rms = 3.98 × 10 − 3 cm − 1 .

Characterization of microbiomes has been enabled by high-throughput metagenomic sequencing. However, existing methods are not designed to combine reads from short- and long-read technologies. We present a hybrid metagenomic assembler named OPERA-MS that integrates assembly-based metagenome clustering with repeat-aware, exact scaffolding to accurately assemble complex communities. Evaluation using defined in vitro and virtual gut microbiomes revealed that OPERA-MS assembles metagenomes with greater base pair accuracy than long-read (>5×; Canu), higher contiguity than short-read (~10× NGA50; MEGAHIT, IDBA-UD, metaSPAdes) and fewer assembly errors than non-metagenomic hybrid assemblers (2×; hybridSPAdes). OPERA-MS provides strain-resolved assembly in the presence of multiple genomes of the same species, high-quality reference genomes for rare species (

To complement traditional dietary surveys, which are costly and of limited scale, researchers have resorted to digital data to infer the impact of eating habits on people's health. However, online studies are limited in resolution: they are carried out at regional level and do not capture precisely the composition of the food consumed. We study the association between food consumption (derived from the loyalty cards of the main grocery retailer in London) and health outcomes (derived from publicly-available medical prescription records). The scale and granularity of our analysis is unprecedented: we analyze 1.6B food item purchases and 1.1B medical prescriptions for the entire city of London over the course of one year. By studying food consumption down to the level of nutrients, we show that nutrient diversity and amount of calories are the strongest predictors of the prevalence of three diseases related to what is called the "metabolic syndrome": hypertension, high cholesterol, and diabetes. This syndrome is a cluster of symptoms generally associated with obesity, is common across the rich world, and affects one in four adults in the UK. Our linear regression models achieve an R2 of 0.6 when estimating the prevalence of diabetes in nearly 1000 census areas in London, and a classifier can identify (un)healthy areas with up to 91% accuracy. Interestingly, healthy areas are not necessarily well-off (income matters less than what one would expect) and have distinctive features: they tend to systematically eat less carbohydrates and sugar, diversify nutrients, and avoid large quantities. More generally, our study shows that analytics of digital records of grocery purchases can be used as a cheap and scalable tool for health surveillance and, upon these records, different stakeholders from governments to insurance companies to food companies could implement effective prevention strategies., 23 pages, 8 figures, 3 tables

The high–resolution Fourier–transform spectrum of C2D4 was recorded at the optical resolution of up to 0.00096 cm − 1 and analyzed in the region of 460–710 cm − 1 , where the whole ν10 band was considered including P, Q and R branches. The experimentally recorded line positions (5040 experimental lines with J max . = 47 and K a max . = 27 ) are theoretically analyzed, and effective spectroscopic parameters are derived from the corresponding fit procedures. The 1247 ro–vibrational energies of the ( v 10 = 1 ) vibrational state are reproduced by a set of 47 fitted spectroscopic parameters with the d r m s = 2.2 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 . Line list of the ro–vibrational transitions of the ν10 band is presented in the Supplementary material.

Next-generation sequences (NGS) dataset of nanobody (Nb) clones in a phage display library (PDL) is of immense value as it serves in many different ways, such as: i). estimating the library size, ii). improving selection and identification of Nbs, iii). informing about frequency of V gene families, diversity and length of CDRs, iv). high resolution analysis of natural and synthetic libraries, etc. [1], [2], [3]. We used a fraction of our previously constructed PDL of Nbs derived from an E. coli lipopolysaccharide-immunized Indian desert camel in order to obtain the dataset of NGS reads of Nbs. The cryo-preserved transformants library was revived to extract the Nb-encoding VHH (inserts)-pHEN4 (vector) DNA pool. The DNA sample was used for amplifying VHH pool by PCR [6]. The VHH amplicons band was gel-purified and subjected to NGS using Illumina MiSeqTM platform. 'Nextra XT micro V2 Index' kit was used for the Nb library DNA sample sequencing, with the adaptors: 'i7' (N706: TAGGCATG) and 'i5' (S517: GCGTAAGA). The raw data comprised of a total read count of 182146 (matched= 179591; unmatched=2555), with average read length of 130.33 bases and a total of 23.74 Mb. Of 179591 matched reads, 142004 were paired reads and 37587 broken paired reads. The raw data of NGS reads was submitted to NCBI Sequence Reads Archive accessible at URL: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/Traces/study/?acc=PRJNA516512 (dataset ref. [7]), and after analysis deposited in Mendeley Datasets repository, which is accessible at URL: [https://data.mendeley.com/datasets/4rsz3snvk5/3] (dataset ref. [8]). The sequence reads were analyzed by bioinformatics tools [9], [10], [11], [12]. The assembled consensus contigs revealed Nb orthologs of diverse Ag-specificities, including those isolated by conventional panning and Sanger-sequenced functional Nbs. Contig 1 CDR1-3 matched to those of anti-Trypanosoma evansi RoTat1.2 variant surface glycoprotein (VSG), while Contig 2 CDR1-3 matched to those of anti-LPS Nb clones isolated from the library. Contig 3 was however incomplete and lacked CDR3. Despite lacking the depth, the NGS data is a useful guide for selection of antigen-specific Nbs from the library, as demonstrated by anti-T. evansi VSG Nbs, and provides templates for Nb-based diagnostic reagents and therapeutic agents.

Background Mitral annular disjunction (MAD) has been associated with myxomatous mitral valve disease (MMVD) but functional analyses of the mitral annulus (MA) and the entire left atrio-ventricular junction (LAVJ) are lacking from high-resolution imaging to understand MAD physiopathology. Purpose Using multiphase cardiac computed tomography imaging (4D-MCCTI), we aimed at characterizing the morphological changes of MA and LAVJ throughout the cardiac cycle. Methods Volume imaging data sets through time were obtained from 4D-MCCTI of 2 groups of 10 patients as defined by echocardiographic diagnosis of MMVD and/or MAD: MMVD+MAD+, MMVD+MAD− and 20 case-controls without mitral regurgitation (MMVD−). Data were implemented in a custom software for 3D semi-automated delineation of 18 points around MA perimeter. Coordinates of these points in each of the 10 time-phases within an RR interval were used for MA reconstruction and calculation of areas, perimeters, 360°-diameters and parameters of planar/vertical deformation. Subsequently, left ventricle (LV) and left atrium (LA) inner contours were delineated. Results Groups were similar for age, body surface area and LV ejection fraction. Compared to the 2 other groups, MA expansion in MMVD+MAD+ started early after end-diastole, following LA expansion, and reached a maximum at end-systole (ES): 3D-area ES: 13.9±4.0cm2/m2, 3D-perimeterE S: 10.4±1.6cm/m2 versus respectively 8.8±3.0cm2/m2, 7.9±1.4cm/m2 in MMVD+MAD− (p Conclusions MA function was globally preserved in MAD but was desynchronized with respect to LV contraction. Eccentricity index of mitral annulus Funding Acknowledgement Type of funding source: None

Determining both individual age and population age distribution is crucial for an array of ecological studies. This is generating growing interest in molecular age markers such as telomere length. Most studies exploring the relationship between age and telomere length have been cross-sectional, but such studies face problems with large individual variation and the selective loss paradox. Thus, interest is growing rapidly for turning to longitudinal studies. In this study, the rate of telomere loss was analyzed for the extraordinarily long-lived North Island brown kiwi, Apteryx mantelli. Relative telomere length (RTL) was quantified using qPCR from blood from four separate sampling occasions across 14 years were analysed. Uniquely, the analysis of RTL was combined with high resolution analysis of genomic quality to get numerical values of DNA integrity. The analysis of RTL suggested a circa 5 % annual increase in A. mantelli telomere length. However, RTL was found to be highly correlative with DNA integrity, indicating that the perceived elongation of telomeres was a result of DNA quality differences between cohorts. Notably, the observed, positive correlation remained significant even when analyzing only samples classified as being of high DNA quality. Previous work has highlighted the potential impact of sample storage differences on RTL. However, to our knowledge, this is the first study to suggest that even small differences in DNA integrity between samples cohorts can impact the results of telomere studies. These findings are of great importance since longitudinal telomere studies of long-lived species tend to be “after the fact” utilizing already available samples for which handling and/or storage regimes might differ or be unknown. For such studies, we suggest that analysis of DNA quality with higher precision than traditional gel electrophoresis is needed to generate reliable results of telomere dynamics.

International audience; Full-field optical coherence tomography (FFOCT) is an imaging technique of biological tissue based on tissue light reflectance analysis. We evaluated the feasibility of imaging fresh digestive mucosal biopsies after a quick mounting procedure (5 min) using two distinct modalities of FFOCT. In static FFOCT mode, we gained high-resolution images of general gut tissue-specific architecture, such as oesophageal papillae, gastric pits, duodenal villi and colonic crypts. In dynamic FFOCT mode, we imaged individual epithelial cells of the mucosal lining with a cellular or subcellular resolution and identified cellular components of the lamina propria. FFOCT represents a promising dye-free imaging tool for on-site analysis of gut tissue remodelling.

SUMMARY A fundamental question in microbial ecology is how microbes are spatially organized with respect to each other and their host. A test bed for examining this question is the tongue dorsum, which harbors a complex and important microbial community. Here, we use multiplexed fluorescence spectral imaging to investigate the organization of the tongue microbiome at micron to hundred-micron scales. We design oligonucleotide probes for taxa both abundant and prevalent, as determined by sequence analysis. Imaging reveals a highly structured spatial organization of microbial consortia, ranging in linear dimension from tens to hundreds of microns. The consortia appear to develop from a core of epithelial cells, with taxa clustering in domains suggestive of clonal expansion. Quantitative proximity analysis provides the basis for a model of tongue dorsum microbiome organization and dynamics. Our work illustrates how high-resolution analysis of micron-scale organization provides insights into physiological functions and microbiome-host interactions., Graphical Abstract, In Brief How microbes are spatially organized is a fundamental question in microbial ecology about which little is known. Using fluorescence spectral imaging, Wilbert et al. discover dense, highly structured microbial consortia on the human tongue. Analysis of the organization of these consortia permits inferences about community dynamics and oral microbial ecology.

Vegetated Linear Dunes (VLDs) are common in arid environments such as in Australia and southern-Africa. They propagate in a linearly fashion in accordance with strong unidirectional winds. Their elongation and accumulation mechanisms are not well-understood (Telfer, 2011). Here we report on VLD construction based on high-resolution Portable Optically Stimulated Luminescence (POSL), particle-size distribution (PSD), Optically Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) and inorganic carbon content of a rare, exposed and consolidated 8-m high section of a VLD axis, at the margins of the northwestern Negev dunefield, Israel.The POSL profile results of sand (3], 702.8±39.5 [103] and 552.9±50.7 [103] counts. ANOVA single factor analysis illustrate significant variation between the groups (p.3 content, interpreted to represent episodes of sand accumulation. PSD analysis shows a (classic for Negev VLDs) unimodal distribution for sand (peak at 225mm) of the upper unit but a bimodal pattern (peaks at 65-70mm and 200-225mm) for samples of the two lower units. This rare bimodal pattern suggests short-distance fine-grained aeolian contribution from exposed sediments of dune-dammed water bodies that developed around the construction time of the VLD.OSL ages fit previous studies (Roskin et al., 2011) but could not be discretely differentiated into the three units since both the middle- and upper-units date to the Younger Dryas event. Partial bleaching of some of the samples may have impaired dating accuracies. OSL ages of the lower unit date to the time of the Heinrich 1 event.The finds, the first of their kind in high-resolution with POSL, demonstrate that VLDs accrete in discrete accumulation phases. The results strengthen the prevailing hypothesis based on lower resolution OSL dating (Roskin et al. 2011, 2014), advocating VLD construction in the Negev by several rapid phases of sand accumulation during periods of high wind power.Telfer, M. W. 2011. Growth by extension, and reworking, of a south-western Kalahari linear dune. Earth Surface Processes and Landforms, 36: 1125-1135. Roskin, J., Tsoar, H., Porat, N., & Blumberg, D. G. 2011. Palaeoclimate interpretations of Late Pleistocene vegetated linear dune mobilization episodes: Evidence from the northwestern Negev dunefield, Israel. Quaternary Science Reviews, 30(23–24), 3364–3380. Roskin, J., Blumberg, D. G., & Katra, I. 2014. Last Millenium development and dynamics of vegetated linear dunes inferred from ground-penetrating radar and optically stimulated luminescence ages. Sedimentology. 61: 1240-1260. Sanderson, D. C. W., & Murphy, S. 2010. Using simple portable OSL measurements and laboratory characterisation to help understand complex and heterogeneous sediment sequences for luminescence dating. Quaternary Geochronology, 5(2–3): 299–305.

To improve our understanding of the environmental microbiome, we developed a single-cell genome sequencing platform, named SAG-gel, which utilizes gel beads for single-cell isolation, cell lysis, and whole genome amplification (WGA) for sequencing. SAG-gel enables serial, parallel and independent reactions of > 100,000 single cells in a single tube, delivering high-quality genome recovery with storable randomized single-cell genome libraries. From soil and marine environmental sources, we acquired 734 partial genomes that are recapitulated in 231 species, 35% of which were assigned as high-to-medium qualities. We found that each genome to be almost unique and 98.7% of them were newly identified, implying the complex genetic diversities across 44 phyla. The various metabolic capabilities including virulence factors and biosynthetic gene clusters were found across the lineages at single-cell resolution. This technology will accelerate the accumulation of reference genomes of uncharacterized environmental microbes and provide us new insights for their roles.

The high resolution infrared spectra of SiD4 were recorded with a Bruker IFS125 HR Fourier transform interferometer and analysed in the region of 550–800 cm − 1 where the bands ν4 and ν2 are located. The 7279 transitions with Jmax. = 37 were assigned to the ν4/ν2 dyad (the ν2 band is forbidden in absorption for symmetry reasons, and its transitions can appear in the spectrum only because of Coriolis interaction with the allowed ν4 band). The subsequent weighted fit of experimentally assigned transitions was made with the Hamiltonian model which takes the resonance interactions between the (0001) and (0100) vibrational states into account. The initial values of the Hamiltonian parameters have been predicted on the basis of the isotopic substitution theory. As the result, a set of 33 fitted parameters was obtained which reproduces the initial 7279 ro–vibrational transitions with the d r m s = 1.85 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 which corresponds to the experimental uncertainties.

Background Two technological innovations in the last decade significantly influenced the diagnostic yield of prenatal cytogenetic testing: genomic microarray allowing high resolution analysis and noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) focusing on aneuploidy. To anticipate future trends in prenatal screening and diagnosis, we evaluated the number of invasive tests in our center and the number of aberrant cases diagnosed in the last decade. Methods We retrospectively analyzed fetal chromosomal aberrations diagnosed in 2009–2018 in 8,608 pregnancies without ultrasound anomalies. Results The introduction of NIPT as the first‐tier test led to a substantial decrease in the number of invasive tests and a substantially increased diagnostic yield of aneuploidies in the first trimester. However, we have also noted a decreased detection of submicroscopic aberrations, since the number of invasive tests substantially decreased. We have observed that pregnant women were interested in broader scope of prenatal screening and diagnosis than detection of common trisomies. Conclusion Since the frequency of syndromic disorders caused by microdeletions/microduplications is substantial and current routine NIPT and ultrasound investigations are not able to detect them, we suggest that a noninvasive test with resolution comparable to microarrays should be developed, which will also meet patient's needs., The frequency of syndromic disorders caused by microdeletions/microduplications is substantial and because current prenatal screening protocols with noninvasive prenatal testing (NIPT) focusing on aneuploidies and ultrasound investigations are not able to detect them, we suggest to develop the genotype‐first approach through higher resolution NIPT, which will also meet patient's needs.

The ν 3 band of the 36 SF 6 isotopologue has been recorded in natural abundance (0.02%) at 153 K-temperature with doppler limited resolution, using a Fourier transform spectrometer. For the first time, the high resolution analysis of this band is performed thanks to the Dijon tensorial formalism model. The effective Hamiltonian parameters are determined and the interest of studying rare SF 6 isotopologues is discussed.

A critical evaluation and validation of the complete set of previously published experimental rotational–vibrational line positions is reported for the four stable sulphur isotopologues of the semirigid SO2 molecule – i.e., 32S16O2, 33S16O2, 34S16O2, and 36S16O2. The experimentally measured, assigned, and labeled transitions are collated from 43 sources. The 32S16O2, 33S16O2, 34S16O2, and 36S16O2 datasets contain 40,269, 15,628, 31,080, and 31 lines, respectively. Of the datasets collated, only the extremely limited 36S16O2 dataset is not subjected to a detailed analysis. As part of a detailed analysis of the experimental spectroscopic networks corresponding to the ground electronic states of the 32S16O2, 33S16O2, and 34S16O2 isotopologues, the MARVEL (Measured Active Rotational–Vibrational Energy Levels) procedure is used to determine the rovibrational energy levels. The rovibrational levels and their vibrational parent and asymmetric-top quantum numbers are compared to ones obtained from accurate variational nuclear-motion computations as well as to results of carefully designed effective Hamiltonian models. The rovibrational energy levels of the three isotopologues having the same labels are also compared against each other to ensure self-consistency. This careful, multifaceted analysis gives rise to 15,130, 5852, and 10,893 validated rovibrational energy levels, with a typical accuracy of a few 0.0001 cm − 1 , for 32S16O2, 33S16O2, and 34S16O2, respectively. The extensive list of validated experimental lines and empirical (MARVEL) energy levels of the S16O2 isotopologues studied are deposited in the Supplementary Material of this article, as well as in the distributed information system ReSpecTh ( http://respecth.hu ).

The rotational structure of the (111) and (021) vibrational states is determined for the first time from the high resolution analysis of the ν 1 + ν 2 + ν 3 − ν 2 and 2 ν 2 + ν 3 − ν 2 “hot” bands. The 480 and 74 transitions of these bands ( J max / K a max = 45/14 and 15/12 respectively) were assigned in the spectra, which have been recorded with the Bruker IFS 120 Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectrometer. A weighted fit analysis allowed us to generate a set of 5 fitted parameters for the (111) state and 4 fitted parameters for the (021) state. Calculation with the 9 parameters, obtained from the fit, reproduces the initial 363 energy values (about 550 assigned experimental transitions) of two vibrational states with the drms deviations of 3.2 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 , which is comparable with the experimental uncertainties of very weak transitions of the ν 1 + ν 2 + ν 3 − ν 2 and 2 ν 2 + ν 3 − ν 2 “hot” bands in our experiment.

The second bending overtone band 3ν2 of sulfur dioxide has been studied for the first time with high resolution rotation-vibration spectroscopy. The 1530 transitions involving 728 upper state energy levels with Jmax.= 53 and K a m a x . = 15 have been assigned to the 3ν2 band. The 746 transitions belonging to the 3 ν 2 − ν 2 “hot” band have been also assigned in the region of 950–1100 cm − 1 . For the analysis of the assigned transitions, an effective Hamiltonian of an isolated (030) vibrational state (the Watson operator in A-reduction and Ir representation) was used. Set of 9 varied parameters was determined which reproduce the initial experimental data with the drms deviations of 9.0 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 and 9.8 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 for the 3ν2 and 3 ν 2 − ν 2 bands, which are comparable with the experimental uncertainties.

HighlightsHigh-resolution spectra of 33S16O2 have been recorded for the first time in the 8 and 4 µm spectral regions.The ν1, ν3 and ν1 + ν3 bands of the 33S16O2 have been analysed up to very high quantum numbers.Accurate ro-vibrational upper states constants have been determined.

We report the results of a highly accurate, (1–3)×10−4 cm−1, ro-vibrational analysis of the S18O2 molecule in the spectral region of 2100–2700 cm−1. More than 2910, 2130, and 1390 transitions belonging to the 2ν1, ν 1 + ν 3 , and 2ν3 bands were assigned for the first time with the values of quantum numbers J max . / K a max . equal to 67/26, 81/25 and 53/16, respectively. The weighted fit of experimentally assigned transitions was made with the Hamiltonian model which takes into account Coriolis resonance interactions between the vibrational states ( v 1 v 2 v 3 ) and ( v 1 ∓ 1 v 2 v 3 ± 1 ) and Fermi interactions between the states ( v 1 v 2 v 3 ) and ( v 1 ∓ 1 v 2 ± 2 v 3 ) . To make the ro-vibrational analysis physically more suitable, the initial values of main spectroscopic parameters have been estimated theoretically. Finally, the set of 43 spectroscopic parameters obtained from the fit reproduces values of 2384 initial “experimental” ro-vibrational energy levels (more than 6430 transitions assigned in the experimental spectra) with the rms = 1.74 × 10 − 4 cm − 1 .