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1. Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Faktorová, Drahomíra, Nisbet, R Ellen R, Fernández Robledo, José A, Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E, Ares, Manuel, Aresté, Cristina, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C, Beardslee, Patrick, Bender, Sara, Booth, David S, Bouget, François-Yves, Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A, Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A, Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B, Collier, Jackie L, Cooney, Elizabeth C, Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L, Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Elustondo, Pía A, Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Veronica, Freyria, Nastasia J, Fukuda, Kodai, García, Paulo A, Girguis, Peter R, Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G, Guo, Jian, Hampl, Vladimír, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R, Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J, Hu, Ian, Ibañez, Jorge, Irwin, Nicholas AT, Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C, Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z, Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J, King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A, Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Najle, Sebastián R, Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C, Noble, Luke, Novák Vanclová, Anna MG, Nowacki, Mariusz, Nuñez, Isaac, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S, Rius, Mariana, Robertson, Deborah, Ruaud, Albane, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, Sigg, Monika A, Silver, Pamela A, Slamovits, Claudio H, Jason Smith, G, Sprecher, Brittany N, Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C, Tsaousis, Anastasios D, Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, and Turnšek, Jernej

Subjects
Genetics, Biotechnology, Life Below Water, Biodiversity, DNA, Ecosystem, Environment, Eukaryota, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Marine Biology, Models, Biological, Species Specificity, Transformation, Genetic, Biological Sciences, Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.

Published
2020

2. Publisher Correction: Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Faktorová, Drahomíra, Nisbet, R Ellen R, Fernández Robledo, José A, Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E, Ares, Manuel, Aresté, Cristina, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C, Beardslee, Patrick, Bender, Sara, Booth, David S, Bouget, François-Yves, Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A, Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A, Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B, Collier, Jackie L, Cooney, Elizabeth C, Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L, Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Elustondo, Pía A, Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Veronica, Freyria, Nastasia J, Fukuda, Kodai, García, Paulo A, Girguis, Peter R, Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G, Guo, Jian, Hampl, Vladimír, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R, Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J, Hu, Ian, Ibañez, Jorge, Irwin, Nicholas AT, Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C, Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z, Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J, King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A, Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Najle, Sebastián R, Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C, Noble, Luke, Novák Vanclová, Anna MG, Nowacki, Mariusz, Nuñez, Isaac, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S, Rius, Mariana, Robertson, Deborah, Ruaud, Albane, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, Sigg, Monika A, Silver, Pamela A, Slamovits, Claudio H, Jason Smith, G, Sprecher, Brittany N, Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C, Tsaousis, Anastasios D, Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, and Turnšek, Jernej

Subjects
Biological Sciences, Technology, Medical and Health Sciences, Developmental Biology
Abstract

An amendment to this paper has been published and can be accessed via a link at the top of the paper.

Published
2020

4. List of contributors

Author

Al-Kandari, Manal, primary, Allen, Andrew E., additional, Alves-de-Souza, Catharina, additional, Baird, Mark, additional, Berges, John A., additional, Bodrossy, Levente, additional, Bolch, Christopher J.S., additional, Bowler, Chris, additional, Bracher, Astrid, additional, Brewin, Robert J.W., additional, Burford, Michele A., additional, Campbell, Lisa, additional, Ciotti, Aurea M., additional, Clément, Alejandro, additional, Clementson, Lesley A., additional, Correa, Nicole, additional, Countway, Peter D., additional, Coyne, Kathryn J., additional, Craw, Pascal, additional, Dutkiewicz, Stephanie, additional, Gaonkar, Chetan C., additional, Garczarek, Laurence, additional, Gérikas Ribeiro, Catherine, additional, Greenlee, Sydney M., additional, Gutiérrez-Rodríguez, Andres, additional, Harke, Matthew J., additional, Henrichs, Darren W., additional, Hickman, Anna, additional, Highfield, Andrea, additional, Hirata, Takafumi, additional, Hook, Sharon E., additional, Ibarbalz, Federico M., additional, Kolody, Bethany C., additional, Kostadinov, Tihomir S., additional, Krock, Bernd, additional, Lopes dos Santos, Adriana, additional, Marcus, Lara, additional, Mardones, Jorge I., additional, McGregor, Glenn B., additional, Mongin, Mathieu, additional, Mouw, Colleen B., additional, Nagai, Satoshi, additional, Neilan, Brett A., additional, Nodder, Scott D., additional, Ong, Denise, additional, Organelli, Emanuele, additional, Paredes-Mella, Javier, additional, Richardson, Anthony, additional, Schroeder, Declan, additional, Sendall, Barbara C., additional, Shi, Xiao Li, additional, Silva, Sebastian, additional, Skerratt, Jennifer, additional, Smith, Matthew C., additional, Soja-Wozniak, Monika, additional, Stern, Rowena, additional, Steven, Andrew D.L., additional, Taylor, Alison R., additional, Thamatrakoln, Kimberlee, additional, Vaulot, Daniel, additional, Vezzulli, Luigi, additional, Vincent, Flora, additional, Von Dassow, Peter, additional, Wang, Yanfei, additional, Wild-Allen, Karen, additional, Willis, Anusuya, additional, Wood, Susanna A., additional, Woodhouse, Jason N., additional, Yarimizu, Kyoko, additional, and Young, Erica B., additional

Published
2022
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5. Change in Emiliania huxleyi Virus Assemblage Diversity but Not in Host Genetic Composition during an Ocean Acidification Mesocosm Experiment.

Author

Highfield, Andrea, Joint, Ian, Gilbert, Jack A, Crawfurd, Katharine J, and Schroeder, Declan C

Subjects
Phycodnaviridae, Carbon Dioxide, Nitrates, Phosphates, Chlorophyll, Seawater, Norway, Genetic Variation, Haptophyta, Denaturing Gradient Gel Electrophoresis, CO2, Coccolithovirus, EhV, Emiliania huxleyi, climate change, ocean acidification, Microbiology
Abstract

Effects of elevated pCO₂ on Emiliania huxleyi genetic diversity and the viruses that infect E. huxleyi (EhVs) have been investigated in large volume enclosures in a Norwegian fjord. Triplicate enclosures were bubbled with air enriched with CO₂ to 760 ppmv whilst the other three enclosures were bubbled with air at ambient pCO₂; phytoplankton growth was initiated by the addition of nitrate and phosphate. E. huxleyi was the dominant coccolithophore in all enclosures, but no difference in genetic diversity, based on DGGE analysis using primers specific to the calcium binding protein gene (gpa) were detected in any of the treatments. Chlorophyll concentrations and primary production were lower in the three elevated pCO₂ treatments than in the ambient treatments. However, although coccolithophores numbers were reduced in two of the high-pCO₂ treatments; in the third, there was no suppression of coccolithophores numbers, which were very similar to the three ambient treatments. In contrast, there was considerable variation in genetic diversity in the EhVs, as determined by analysis of the major capsid protein (mcp) gene. EhV diversity was much lower in the high-pCO₂ treatment enclosure that did not show inhibition of E. huxleyi growth. Since virus infection is generally implicated as a major factor in terminating phytoplankton blooms, it is suggested that no study of the effect of ocean acidification in phytoplankton can be complete if it does not include an assessment of viruses.

Published
2017

7. The requirement for external carbonic anhydrase in diatoms is influenced by the supply and demand for dissolved inorganic carbon.

Author

Keys, Matthew, Hopkinson, Brian, Highfield, Andrea, Chrachri, Abdul, Brownlee, Colin, and Wheeler, Glen L.

Subjects
CARBONIC anhydrase, DIATOMS, SUPPLY & demand, PHOTOSYNTHETIC rates, SPECTRAL irradiance, CARBON cycle, SURFACE chemistry
Abstract

Photosynthesis by marine diatoms contributes significantly to the global carbon cycle. Due to the low concentration of CO2 in seawater, many diatoms use extracellular carbonic anhydrase (eCA) to enhance the supply of CO2 to the cell surface. While much research has investigated how the requirement for eCA is influenced by changes in CO2 availability, little is known about how eCA contributes to CO2 supply following changes in the demand for carbon. We therefore examined how changes in photosynthetic rate influence the requirement for eCA in three centric diatoms. Modeling of cell surface carbonate chemistry indicated that diffusive CO2 supply to the cell surface was greatly reduced in large diatoms at higher photosynthetic rates. Laboratory experiments demonstrated a trend of an increasing requirement for eCA with increasing photosynthetic rate that was most pronounced in the larger species, supporting the findings of the cellular modeling. Microelectrode measurements of cell surface pH and O2 demonstrated that individual cells exhibited an increased contribution of eCA to photosynthesis at higher irradiances. Our data demonstrate that changes in carbon demand strongly influence the requirement for eCA in diatoms. Cell size and photosynthetic rate will therefore be key determinants of the mode of dissolved inorganic carbon uptake. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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12. Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Nisbet, R. Ellen R., Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E., Ares, Manuel, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C., Beardslee, Patrick, Bender, Sara, Booth, David S., Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A., Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A., Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B., Collier, Jackie L., Cooney, Elizabeth C., Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L., Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Veronica, Freyria, Nastasia J., Fukuda, Kodai, Girguis, Peter R., Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G., Guo, Jian, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R., Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J., Hu, Ian, Irwin, Nicholas A. T., Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C., Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z., Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J., King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A., Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C., Noble, Luke, Nowacki, Mariusz, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S., Rius, Mariana, Robertson, Deborah, Ruaud, Albane, Sigg, Monika A., Silver, Pamela A., Slamovits, Claudio H., Jason Smith, G., Sprecher, Brittany N., Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C., Tsaousis, Anastasios D., Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, Valach, Matus, von Dassow, Peter, von der Haar, Tobias, Waller, Ross F., Wang, Lu, Wen, Xiaoxue, Wheeler, Glen, Woods, April, Zhang, Huan, Mock, Thomas, and Worden, Alexandra Z.

Subjects
Cell Biology, Biochemistry, Molecular Biology, Biotechnology
Abstract

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.

Published
2020

13. Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Leverhulme Trust, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), European Commission, Faktorová, Drahomíra, Nisbet, R. Ellen R, Robledo, José A. F., Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E., Ares, Manuel, Aresté, Cristina, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C., Beardslee, Patrick, Ruaud, Albane, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, Sigg, Monika A., Silver, Pamela A., Slamovits, Claudio H., Smith, G. Jason, Sprecher, Brittany N., Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C., Tsaousis, Anastasios D., Valach, Matus, Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, Turnšek, Jernej, Vergé, Valérie, von Dassow, Peter, von der Haar, Tobias, Waller, Ross F., Wang, Lu, Wen, Xiaoxue, Wheeler, Glen, Woods, April, Zhang, Huan, Bender, Sara, Mock, Thomas, Worden, Alexandra Z., Lukeš, Julius, Booth, David S., Bouget, François-Yves, Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A., Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A., Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B., Collier, Jackie L., Cooney, Elizabeth C., Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L., Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Elustondo, Pía A., Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Verónica, Freyria, Nastasia J., Fukuda, Kodai, García, Paulo A., Girguis, Peter R., Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G., Guo, Jian, Hampl, Vladimir, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R., Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J., Hu, Ian, Ibañez, Jorge, Irwin, Nicholas A. T., Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C., Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z., Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J., King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A., Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Najle, Sebastián R., Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C., Noble, Luke, Novák Vanclová, Anna M. G., Nowacki, Mariusz, Núñez, Isaac, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S., Rius, Mariana, Robertson, Deborah, Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation, Leverhulme Trust, Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports (Czech Republic), European Commission, Faktorová, Drahomíra, Nisbet, R. Ellen R, Robledo, José A. F., Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E., Ares, Manuel, Aresté, Cristina, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C., Beardslee, Patrick, Ruaud, Albane, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, Sigg, Monika A., Silver, Pamela A., Slamovits, Claudio H., Smith, G. Jason, Sprecher, Brittany N., Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C., Tsaousis, Anastasios D., Valach, Matus, Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, Turnšek, Jernej, Vergé, Valérie, von Dassow, Peter, von der Haar, Tobias, Waller, Ross F., Wang, Lu, Wen, Xiaoxue, Wheeler, Glen, Woods, April, Zhang, Huan, Bender, Sara, Mock, Thomas, Worden, Alexandra Z., Lukeš, Julius, Booth, David S., Bouget, François-Yves, Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A., Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A., Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B., Collier, Jackie L., Cooney, Elizabeth C., Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L., Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Elustondo, Pía A., Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Verónica, Freyria, Nastasia J., Fukuda, Kodai, García, Paulo A., Girguis, Peter R., Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G., Guo, Jian, Hampl, Vladimir, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R., Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J., Hu, Ian, Ibañez, Jorge, Irwin, Nicholas A. T., Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C., Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z., Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J., King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A., Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Najle, Sebastián R., Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C., Noble, Luke, Novák Vanclová, Anna M. G., Nowacki, Mariusz, Núñez, Isaac, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S., Rius, Mariana, and Robertson, Deborah

Abstract

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.

Published
2020

16. HAVE YOUR SAY.

Author

Frayer, Helen, Brown, Teri, Wisbey, Rachel, Highfield, Andrea, Gumsley, Mary, and Baugh, Pauline

Published
2024

18. Genetic tool development in marine protists: Emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Faktorová, Drahomíra, primary, Nisbet, R. Ellen R., additional, Robledo, José A. Fernández, additional, Casacuberta, Elena, additional, Sudek, Lisa, additional, Allen, Andrew E., additional, Ares, Manuel, additional, Aresté, Cristina, additional, Balestreri, Cecilia, additional, Barbrook, Adrian C., additional, Beardslee, Patrick, additional, Bender, Sara, additional, Booth, David S., additional, Bouget, François-Yves, additional, Bowler, Chris, additional, Breglia, Susana A., additional, Brownlee, Colin, additional, Burger, Gertraud, additional, Cerutti, Heriberto, additional, Cesaroni, Rachele, additional, Chiurillo, Miguel A., additional, Clemente, Thomas, additional, Coles, Duncan B., additional, Collier, Jackie L., additional, Cooney, Elizabeth C., additional, Coyne, Kathryn, additional, Docampo, Roberto, additional, Dupont, Christopher L., additional, Edgcomb, Virginia, additional, Einarsson, Elin, additional, Elustondo, Pía A., additional, Federici, Fernan, additional, Freire-Beneitez, Veronica, additional, Freyria, Nastasia J., additional, Fukuda, Kodai, additional, García, Paulo A., additional, Girguis, Peter R., additional, Gomaa, Fatma, additional, Gornik, Sebastian G., additional, Guo, Jian, additional, Hampl, Vladimír, additional, Hanawa, Yutaka, additional, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R., additional, Hehenberger, Elisabeth, additional, Highfield, Andrea, additional, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, additional, Hopes, Amanda, additional, Howe, Christopher J., additional, Hu, Ian, additional, Ibañez, Jorge, additional, Irwin, Nicholas A.T., additional, Ishii, Yuu, additional, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, additional, Jones, Adam C., additional, Kachale, Ambar, additional, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, additional, Kaur, Binnypreet, additional, Kaye, Jonathan Z., additional, Kazana, Eleanna, additional, Keeling, Patrick J., additional, King, Nicole, additional, Klobutcher, Lawrence A., additional, Lander, Noelia, additional, Lassadi, Imen, additional, Li, Zhuhong, additional, Lin, Senjie, additional, Lozano, Jean-Claude, additional, Luan, Fulei, additional, Maruyama, Shinichiro, additional, Matute, Tamara, additional, Miceli, Cristina, additional, Minagawa, Jun, additional, Moosburner, Mark, additional, Najle, Sebastián R., additional, Nanjappa, Deepak, additional, Nimmo, Isabel C., additional, Noble, Luke, additional, Vanclová, Anna M.G. Novák, additional, Nowacki, Mariusz, additional, Nuñez, Isaac, additional, Pain, Arnab, additional, Piersanti, Angela, additional, Pucciarelli, Sandra, additional, Pyrih, Jan, additional, Rest, Joshua S., additional, Rius, Mariana, additional, Robertson, Deborah, additional, Ruaud, Albane, additional, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, additional, Sigg, Monika A., additional, Silver, Pamela A., additional, Slamovits, Claudio H., additional, Smith, G. Jason, additional, Sprecher, Brittany N., additional, Stern, Rowena, additional, Swart, Estienne C., additional, Tsaousis, Anastasios D., additional, Tsypin, Lev, additional, Turkewitz, Aaron, additional, Turnšek, Jernej, additional, Valach, Matus, additional, Vergé, Valérie, additional, von Dassow, Peter, additional, von der Haar, Tobias, additional, Waller, Ross F., additional, Wang, Lu, additional, Wen, Xiaoxue, additional, Wheeler, Glen, additional, Woods, April, additional, Zhang, Huan, additional, Mock, Thomas, additional, Worden, Alexandra Z., additional, and Lukeš, Julius, additional

Published
2019
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19. Distinct oceanic microbiomes from viruses to protists located near the Antarctic Circumpolar Current

Author

Flaviani, Flavia, Schroeder, Declan C., Lebret, Karen, Balestreri, Cecilia, Highfield, Andrea C., Schroeder, Joanna L., Thorpe, Sally E., Moore, Karen, Pasckiewicz, Konrad, Pfaff, Maya C., Rybicki, Edward P., Flaviani, Flavia, Schroeder, Declan C., Lebret, Karen, Balestreri, Cecilia, Highfield, Andrea C., Schroeder, Joanna L., Thorpe, Sally E., Moore, Karen, Pasckiewicz, Konrad, Pfaff, Maya C., and Rybicki, Edward P.

Abstract

Microbes occupy diverse ecological niches and only through recent advances in next generation sequencing technologies have the true microbial diversity been revealed. Furthermore, lack of perceivable marine barriers to genetic dispersal (i.e., mountains or islands) has allowed the speculation that organisms that can be easily transported by currents and therefore proliferate everywhere. That said, ocean currents are now commonly being recognized as barriers for microbial dispersal. Here we analyzed samples collected from a total of six stations, four located in the Indian Ocean, and two in the Southern Ocean. Amplicon sequencing was used to characterize both prokaryotic and eukaryotic plankton communities, while shotgun sequencing was used for the combined environmental DNA (eDNA), microbial eDNA (meDNA), and viral fractions. We found that Cyanobacteria dominated the prokaryotic component in the South-West Indian Ocean, while γ-Proteobacteria dominated the South-East Indian Ocean. A combination of γ- and α-Proteobacteria dominated the Southern Ocean. Alveolates dominated almost exclusively the eukaryotic component, with variation in the ratio of Protoalveolata and Dinoflagellata depending on station. However, an increase in haptophyte relative abundance was observed in the Southern Ocean. Similarly, the viral fraction was dominated by members of the order Caudovirales across all stations; however, a higher presence of nucleocytoplasmic large DNA viruses (mainly chloroviruses and mimiviruses) was observed in the Southern Ocean. To our knowledge, this is the first that a statistical difference in the microbiome (from viruses to protists) between the subtropical Indian and Southern Oceans. We also show that not all phylotypes can be found everywhere, and that meDNA is not a suitable resource for monitoring aquatic microbial diversity.

Published
2018

20. Pentaplacodinium saltonense gen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) and its relationship to the cyst-defined genus Operculodinium and yessotoxin-producing Protoceratium reticulatum

Author

Mertens, Kenneth, Carbonell-moore, Maria Consuelo, Pospeloya, Vera, Head, Martin J., Highfield, Andrea, Schroeder, Declan, Gu, Haifeng, Andree, Karl B., Fernandez, Margarita, Yamaguchi, Aika, Takano, Yoshihito, Matsuoka, Kazumi, Nezan, Elisabeth, Bilien, Gwenael, Okolodkov, Yuri, Koike, Kazuhiko, Hoppenrath, Mona, Pfaff, Maya, Pitcher, Grant, Al-muftah, Abdulrahman, Rochon, Andre, Lim, Po Teen, Leaw, Chui Pin, Lim, Zhen Fei, Ellegaard, Marianne, Mertens, Kenneth, Carbonell-moore, Maria Consuelo, Pospeloya, Vera, Head, Martin J., Highfield, Andrea, Schroeder, Declan, Gu, Haifeng, Andree, Karl B., Fernandez, Margarita, Yamaguchi, Aika, Takano, Yoshihito, Matsuoka, Kazumi, Nezan, Elisabeth, Bilien, Gwenael, Okolodkov, Yuri, Koike, Kazuhiko, Hoppenrath, Mona, Pfaff, Maya, Pitcher, Grant, Al-muftah, Abdulrahman, Rochon, Andre, Lim, Po Teen, Leaw, Chui Pin, Lim, Zhen Fei, and Ellegaard, Marianne

Abstract

trains of a dinoflagellate from the Salton Sea, previously identified as Protoceratium reticulatum and yessotoxin producing, have been reexamined morphologically and genetically and Pentaplacodinium saltonense n. gen. et sp. is erected to accommodate this species. Pentaplacodinium saltonense differs from Protoceratium reticulatum (Claparède et Lachmann 1859) Bütschli 1885 in the number of precingular plates (five vs. six), cingular displacement (two widths vs. one), and distinct cyst morphology. Incubation experiments (excystment and encystment) show that the resting cyst of Pentaplacodinium saltonense is morphologically most similar to the cyst-defined species Operculodinium israelianum (Rossignol, 1962) Wall (1967) and O. psilatum Wall (1967). Collections of comparative material from around the globe (including Protoceratium reticulatum and the genus Ceratocorys) and single cell PCR were used to clarify molecular phylogenies. Variable regions in the LSU (three new sequences), SSU (12 new sequences) and intergenic ITS 1–2 (14 new sequences) were obtained. These show that Pentaplacodinium saltonense and Protoceratium reticulatum form two distinct clades. Pentaplacodinium saltonense forms a monophyletic clade with several unidentified strains from Malaysia. LSU and SSU rDNA sequences of three species of Ceratocorys (C. armata, C. gourreti, C. horrida) from the Mediterranean and several other unidentified strains from Malaysia form a well-supported sister clade. The unique phylogenetic position of an unidentified strain from Hawaii is also documented and requires further examination. In addition, based on the V9 SSU topology (bootstrap values >80%), specimens from Elands Bay (South Africa), originally described as Gonyaulax grindleyi by Reinecke (1967), cluster with Protoceratium reticulatum. The known range of Pentaplacodinium saltonense is tropical to subtropical, and its cyst is recorded as a fossil in upper Cenozoic sediments. Protoceratium reticulatum and Pentapl

Published
2018
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21. Pentaplacodinium saltonense gen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) and its relationship to the cyst-defined genus Operculodinium and yessotoxin-producing Protoceratium reticulatum

Author

Mertens, Kenneth Neil, Carbonell-Moore, M. Consuelo, Pospelova, Vera, Head, Martin J., Highfield, Andrea, Schroeder, Declan, Gu, Haifeng, Andree, Karl B., Fernandez, Margarita, Yamaguchi, Aika, Takano, Yoshihito, Matsuoka, Kazumi, Nézan, Elisabeth, Bilien, Gwenael, Okolodkov, Yuri, Koike, Kazuhiko, Hoppenrath, Mona, Pfaff, Maya, Pitcher, Grant, Al-Muftah, Abdulrahman, Rochon, André, Lim, Po Teen, Leaw, Chui Pin, Lim, Zhen Fei, Ellegaard, Marianne, Mertens, Kenneth Neil, Carbonell-Moore, M. Consuelo, Pospelova, Vera, Head, Martin J., Highfield, Andrea, Schroeder, Declan, Gu, Haifeng, Andree, Karl B., Fernandez, Margarita, Yamaguchi, Aika, Takano, Yoshihito, Matsuoka, Kazumi, Nézan, Elisabeth, Bilien, Gwenael, Okolodkov, Yuri, Koike, Kazuhiko, Hoppenrath, Mona, Pfaff, Maya, Pitcher, Grant, Al-Muftah, Abdulrahman, Rochon, André, Lim, Po Teen, Leaw, Chui Pin, Lim, Zhen Fei, and Ellegaard, Marianne

Abstract

Strains of a dinoflagellate from the Salton Sea, previously identified as Protoceratium reticulatum and yessotoxin producing, have been reexamined morphologically and genetically and Pentaplacodinium saltonense n. gen. et sp. is erected to accommodate this species. Pentaplacodinium saltonense differs from Protoceratium reticulatum (Claparède et Lachmann 1859) Bütschli 1885 in the number of precingular plates (five vs. six), cingular displacement (two widths vs. one), and distinct cyst morphology. Incubation experiments (excystment and encystment) show that the resting cyst of Pentaplacodinium saltonense is morphologically most similar to the cyst-defined species Operculodinium israelianum (Rossignol, 1962) Wall (1967) and O. psilatum Wall (1967). Collections of comparative material from around the globe (including Protoceratium reticulatum and the genus Ceratocorys) and single cell PCR were used to clarify molecular phylogenies. Variable regions in the LSU (three new sequences), SSU (12 new sequences) and intergenic ITS 1–2 (14 new sequences) were obtained. These show that Pentaplacodinium saltonense and Protoceratium reticulatum form two distinct clades. Pentaplacodinium saltonense forms a monophyletic clade with several unidentified strains from Malaysia. LSU and SSU rDNA sequences of three species of Ceratocorys (C. armata, C. gourreti, C. horrida) from the Mediterranean and several other unidentified strains from Malaysia form a well-supported sister clade. The unique phylogenetic position of an unidentified strain from Hawaii is also documented and requires further examination. In addition, based on the V9 SSU topology (bootstrap values >80%), specimens from Elands Bay (South Africa), originally described as Gonyaulax grindleyi by Reinecke (1967), cluster with Protoceratium reticulatum. The known range of Pentaplacodinium saltonense is tropical to subtropical, and its cyst is recorded as a fossil in upper Cenozoic sediments. Protoceratium reticulatum and

Published
2018

23. Pentaplacodinium saltonense gen. et sp. nov. (Dinophyceae) and its relationship to the cyst-defined genus Operculodinium and yessotoxin-producing Protoceratium reticulatum

Author

Mertens, Kenneth Neil, primary, Carbonell-Moore, M. Consuelo, additional, Pospelova, Vera, additional, Head, Martin J., additional, Highfield, Andrea, additional, Schroeder, Declan, additional, Gu, Haifeng, additional, Andree, Karl B., additional, Fernandez, Margarita, additional, Yamaguchi, Aika, additional, Takano, Yoshihito, additional, Matsuoka, Kazumi, additional, Nézan, Elisabeth, additional, Bilien, Gwenael, additional, Okolodkov, Yuri, additional, Koike, Kazuhiko, additional, Hoppenrath, Mona, additional, Pfaff, Maya, additional, Pitcher, Grant, additional, Al-Muftah, Abdulrahman, additional, Rochon, André, additional, Lim, Po Teen, additional, Leaw, Chui Pin, additional, Lim, Zhen Fei, additional, and Ellegaard, Marianne, additional

Published
2018
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24. Deformed wing virus implicated in overwintering honeybee colony losses

Author

Highfield, Andrea C., El Nagar, Aliya, Mackinder, Luke C.M., Noel, Laure M.L.J., Hall, Matthew J., Martin, Stephen J., and Schroeder, Declan C.

Subjects
Insect viruses -- Genetic aspects, Insect viruses -- Environmental aspects, Polymerase chain reaction -- Usage, Biological sciences
Abstract

The quantitative PCR technique is employed to explain the impact of the deformed wing virus (DWV) and other viruses on the overwintering of the honeybee colony losses. DWV is shown to be highly responsible for the overwintering of the discussed losses.

Published
2009

27. How many Coccolithovirus genotypes does it take to terminate an Emiliania huxleyi bloom?

Author

Highfield, Andrea, Evans, Claire, Walne, Anthony, Miller, Peter I., Schroeder, Declan C., Highfield, Andrea, Evans, Claire, Walne, Anthony, Miller, Peter I., and Schroeder, Declan C.

Abstract

Giant viruses are known to be significant mortality agents of phytoplankton, often being implicated in the terminations of large Emiliania huxleyi blooms. We have previously shown the high temporal variability of E. huxleyi-infecting coccolithoviruses (EhVs) within a Norwegian fjord mesocosm. In the current study we investigated EhV dynamics within a naturally-occurring E. huxleyi bloom in the Western English Channel. Using denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis and marker gene sequencing, we uncovered a spatially highly dynamic Coccolithovirus population that was associated with a genetically stable E. huxleyi population as revealed by the major capsid protein gene (mcp) and coccolith morphology motif (CMM), respectively. Coccolithoviruses within the bloom were found to be variable with depth and unique virus populations were detected at different stations sampled indicating a complex network of EhV-host infections. This ultimately will have significant implications to the internal structure and longevity of ecologically important E. huxleyi blooms.

Published
2014

32. Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Faktorová, Drahomíra, Nisbet, R Ellen R, Fernández Robledo, José A, Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E, Ares, Manuel, Aresté, Cristina, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C, Beardslee, Patrick, Bender, Sara, Booth, David S, Bouget, François-Yves, Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A, Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A, Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B, Collier, Jackie L, Cooney, Elizabeth C, Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L, Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Elustondo, Pía A, Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Veronica, Freyria, Nastasia J, Fukuda, Kodai, García, Paulo A, Girguis, Peter R, Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G, Guo, Jian, Hampl, Vladimír, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R, Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J, Hu, Ian, Ibañez, Jorge, Irwin, Nicholas AT, Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C, Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z, Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J, King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A, Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Najle, Sebastián R, Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C, Noble, Luke, Novák Vanclová, Anna MG, Nowacki, Mariusz, Nuñez, Isaac, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S, Rius, Mariana, Robertson, Deborah, Ruaud, Albane, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, Sigg, Monika A, Silver, Pamela A, Slamovits, Claudio H, Jason Smith, G, Sprecher, Brittany N, Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C, Tsaousis, Anastasios D, Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, Turnšek, Jernej, Valach, Matus, Vergé, Valérie, Von Dassow, Peter, Von Der Haar, Tobias, Waller, Ross F, Wang, Lu, Wen, Xiaoxue, Wheeler, Glen, Woods, April, Zhang, Huan, Mock, Thomas, Worden, Alexandra Z, and Lukeš, Julius

Subjects
Transformation, Genetic, Species Specificity, Green Fluorescent Proteins, Eukaryota, Marine Biology, 14. Life underwater, Biodiversity, DNA, Environment, Models, Biological, Ecosystem
Abstract

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.

33. Genetic tool development in marine protists: emerging model organisms for experimental cell biology

Author

Faktorová, Drahomíra, Nisbet, R. Ellen R., Fernández Robledo, José A., Casacuberta, Elena, Sudek, Lisa, Allen, Andrew E., Ares, Manuel, Aresté, Cristina, Balestreri, Cecilia, Barbrook, Adrian C., Beardslee, Patrick, Bender, Sara, Booth, David S., Bouget, François-Yves, Bowler, Chris, Breglia, Susana A., Brownlee, Colin, Burger, Gertraud, Cerutti, Heriberto, Cesaroni, Rachele, Chiurillo, Miguel A., Clemente, Thomas, Coles, Duncan B., Collier, Jackie L., Cooney, Elizabeth C., Coyne, Kathryn, Docampo, Roberto, Dupont, Christopher L., Edgcomb, Virginia, Einarsson, Elin, Elustondo, Pía A., Federici, Fernan, Freire-Beneitez, Veronica, Freyria, Nastasia J., Fukuda, Kodai, García, Paulo A., Girguis, Peter R., Gomaa, Fatma, Gornik, Sebastian G., Guo, Jian, Hampl, Vladimír, Hanawa, Yutaka, Haro-Contreras, Esteban R., Hehenberger, Elisabeth, Highfield, Andrea, Hirakawa, Yoshihisa, Hopes, Amanda, Howe, Christopher J., Hu, Ian, Ibañez, Jorge, Irwin, Nicholas A. T., Ishii, Yuu, Janowicz, Natalia Ewa, Jones, Adam C., Kachale, Ambar, Fujimura-Kamada, Konomi, Kaur, Binnypreet, Kaye, Jonathan Z., Kazana, Eleanna, Keeling, Patrick J., King, Nicole, Klobutcher, Lawrence A., Lander, Noelia, Lassadi, Imen, Li, Zhuhong, Lin, Senjie, Lozano, Jean-Claude, Luan, Fulei, Maruyama, Shinichiro, Matute, Tamara, Miceli, Cristina, Minagawa, Jun, Moosburner, Mark, Najle, Sebastián R., Nanjappa, Deepak, Nimmo, Isabel C., Noble, Luke, Novák Vanclová, Anna M. G., Nowacki, Mariusz, Nuñez, Isaac, Pain, Arnab, Piersanti, Angela, Pucciarelli, Sandra, Pyrih, Jan, Rest, Joshua S., Rius, Mariana, Robertson, Deborah, Ruaud, Albane, Ruiz-Trillo, Iñaki, Sigg, Monika A., Silver, Pamela A., Slamovits, Claudio H., Jason Smith, G., Sprecher, Brittany N., Stern, Rowena, Swart, Estienne C., Tsaousis, Anastasios D., Tsypin, Lev, Turkewitz, Aaron, Turnšek, Jernej, Valach, Matus, Vergé, Valérie, Von Dassow, Peter, Von Der Haar, Tobias, Waller, Ross F., Wang, Lu, Wen, Xiaoxue, Wheeler, Glen, Woods, April, Zhang, Huan, Mock, Thomas, Worden, Alexandra Z., and Lukeš, Julius

Subjects
Resource, 631/1647/767/722, 14. Life underwater, 631/337
Abstract

Diverse microbial ecosystems underpin life in the sea. Among these microbes are many unicellular eukaryotes that span the diversity of the eukaryotic tree of life. However, genetic tractability has been limited to a few species, which do not represent eukaryotic diversity or environmentally relevant taxa. Here, we report on the development of genetic tools in a range of protists primarily from marine environments. We present evidence for foreign DNA delivery and expression in 13 species never before transformed and for advancement of tools for eight other species, as well as potential reasons for why transformation of yet another 17 species tested was not achieved. Our resource in genetic manipulation will provide insights into the ancestral eukaryotic lifeforms, general eukaryote cell biology, protein diversification and the evolution of cellular pathways.

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