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Cormorant fishing is a traditional Japanese fishing method using captive Japanese cormorants (Phalacrocorax capillatus). Between June and July 2017, an avian pox outbreak was reported in captive cormorant populations throughout several distant cities in Japan. We examined the lesions obtained from two such affected cormorants, which were raised in distant cities. The affected cormorants were grossly characterized by the development of cutaneous nodules around the base of the beak. Histopathologically, these nodules consisted of marked epidermal hyperplasia with ballooning degeneration of spinous cells and eosinophilic intracytoplasmic inclusions (Bollinger bodies). The lesions displayed 4b core protein (P4b) of Avipoxvirus (APV) and DNA polymerase genes, which were detected by PCR. Moreover, the nucleotide sequences detected from both cormorants were found to be identical. No identical sequence was found in any international database. These findings suggest that both examined cormorants were infected with an identical APV, which has never been previously reported. According to the phylogenetic analysis, the detected sequences were observed to cluster in subclade A3, which consists mainly of the sequences detected from several marine birds, including other cormorant species. This observation suggests that the viruses might be maintained in Japanese cormorants in nature.

Background: Although physical activity has many health benefits, adverse events and near-misses, such as injuries and falls, can occur during physical activity. Purpose: This study aimed to determine the occurrence of adverse events and near-misses during sports activities conducted independently by community residents. Methods: This questionnaire survey was sent via the internet to the leader or director of sports at six public sports centers or associations to be disseminated to local residents. In total, 108 individuals responded answered. In total, there were 60% and 40% male and female respondents. Individuals aged 50���69 years accounted for 60% of the total respondents. The respondents were asked about their experiences of adverse events and near-misses in the past 3 years. Results: Most of the respondents' activities as staff were performed once a month, with each activity lasting 1���2 hours. Forty-five adverse events were reported, including 26 injuries, 13 falls, and 6 other events (such as heat stroke, vertigo, and presyncope). Twenty-four near-misses were reported, including 12 near-collisions with people or objects, 5 near-falls, and 7 other incidents. Conclusions: We found that adverse events or near-misses occurred during sports activities conducted independently by community residents. Funding: This study was commissioned by the Sakae Ward Safe Community Promotion Council Sports Safety Measures Subcommittee, ���Project to Promote Measures to Prevent Injuries and Accidents During Exercise.", The Health & Fitness Journal of Canada, Vol. 14 No. 3 (2021): Proceedings from the 8th International Society for Physical Activity and Health Congress

Additional file 1: Supplementary Fig. 1. Full-length gel images of PCR-RFLP assay. Result of polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis of MseI-digested PCR products amplified from blood samples (A), FFPE samples (B) and genome bank samples (C). Synthetic wild-type and variant DNA and DNA samples of previously detected carrier and non-carrier JRTs are used as controls. (A) Representative image of PCR-RFLP assay using blood samples of JRTs. Case nos. JRT 317 and JRT 321 are determined to be APC variant carriers based on the presence of bands at 51 and 57 bp derivedfrom APC variant allele. (B) PCR-RFLP assay using FFPE samples. In the analysis,it is impossible to recognize the clear fragment pattern in some lanes. Three fulllength images of three different gels are grouped. (C) PCR-RFLP assay using genomebank samples. In the analysis, three cases, case nos. GB018, GB033 and GB039, are determined to be APC variant carriers based on the presence of bands at 51 and 57bp derived from APC variant allele. Three full length images of three differentgels are grouped. WT, wild-type; MT, mutant type; N, non-carrier; C, carrier, DW, distilled water.

Additional file 3: Supplementary Table 1. Case information.

Additional file 2: Supplementary Fig. 2. PCR-direct sequencing.(A)Representative result of a carrier JRT, case no. JRT 221. DNA sequencing of PCR-amplified 385-bp fragment containing entire exon 4 of the canine APC gene. The red arrows indicate 2-bp substitution at codons 154 and 155. (B) Representative result of a FFPE sample, case no. FFPE032. DNA sequencing of PCR-amplified 156-bp fragment containingthe variant site in exon4. The APC variant at codons 154 and 155 is absent. The black arrows indicate variant sites at codons 154 and 155.