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This working paper maps the ecosystem of actors involved in county-level energy planning in Kenya. Drawing from an online workshop and expert stakeholder interviews alongside a review of relevant law and policy, it maps the status of energy planning across counties, the actors involved, and planning approaches across actors. The aim is to generate a concise summary of ongoing work in this space as a quick start guide to anyone seeking to engage within it. &nbsp

This working paper compares the county energy plans (CEPs) for Nakuru, Kitui and Narok counties against the requirements of the Integrated National Energy Planning (INEP)framework. The comparison is based on whether the contents of the CEP contains the information prescribed in the current INEP draft. For each chapter (i.e., topic) which the INEP requires CEPs to contain, the main requirements were systematically listed. Each CEP was searched for evidence that the requirement was met (i.e., a discussion of the topic is provided). Note that no assessment of the quality of the approach used to meet the requirement was undertaken; rather, it is simply evaluated whether the required topic is explicitly discussed. By compiling scores, a completeness score for each chapter of each CEP was obtained. The aims of this working paper are twofold. First, we aim to understand the suitability of different CEP production methods given the requirements outlined by INEP. Second, we aim to identify INEP requirements which are not included in existing CEPs, in order to interrogate whether these have been deprioritized or are impossible to meet at county level. This work is intended to be useful to energy sector stakeholders who are producing CEPs and feeding into the INEP revision process.

This working paper investigates data needs and flows involved in county-level energy planning in Kenya. It draws from workshops and semi-structured stakeholder interviews conducted with a total of 28 professionals representing 19 different organizations supporting the production of county energy plans (CEPs) in Kenya, as well as relevant law and policy. The aim is to identify where rigorous processes must be established to facilitate data flow. The key insights can be broken down into the categories of data needs, data collection, data flows, and data sharing. Recommendations are provided for improved data flow in the county energy planning sector.&nbsp

Deep and drastic cuts of greenhouse gas emissions are urgently needed from all sectors of the global economy to avoid irreversible climate and ecological breakdown. The majority of transport decarbonization pathways rely on two parallel activities: (i) the electrification of the majority of modes of surface transport, including road and rail, andeven short-distance shipping and aviation; and (ii) significant growth in renewable electricity generation. Making this work effectively will require the interaction of two previously siloed sectors: electricity and transport. This working paper explores how relevant stakeholders can support enabling environments for the integration of e-mobility and renewable energy in the Southeast Asian context, based on analyzed interviews with staff of energy and transport secretariats of the Asian Development Bank and United Nations Environment Programme.

Zambia is committed to meeting sustainable energy for all and contributing to climate change mitigation by scaling up clean energy. To facilitate this transition, Zambia has created an enabling environment for clean energy investment. However, these reforms are still to translate into increased investments. Through rapid evidence review and stakeholder interviews, this brief critically examines the efficiency of the interlinked energy project development stages and processes, and corresponding policies and regulations, plus the actors involved and their roles. We identified several institutional and structural factors related to the energy market that hinder the growth of clean energy. These include procedural challenges such as licencing and permitting and the absence of a truly open-access grid regime., This material has been produced under the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) programme, which brings together leading research organizations and is led out of the STEER centre, Loughborough University. CCG is funded by UK aid from the UK government. However, the views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the UK government's official policies.

Zambia has large unexploited potential in renewable energy (RE) sources such as solar, wind, and biomass . However, 85% of the country's electricity generation is dominated by hydropower. To better manage the risk of climate change, and improve rural access to clean energy, the government is actively promoting investment in other RE, especially in rural and low-income areas. Using 11 expert interviews and document reviews, we find that poor affordability and weak sub-national planning structures in rural and low-income areas are a significant threat to attaining Zambia's RE targets. Conducting detailed demand assessments, introducing targeted consumer subsidies, and adequately funding sub-national energy planning would greatly improve the viability of Zambia's RE sector., This material has been produced under the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) programme, which brings together leading research organizations and is led out of the STEER centre, Loughborough University. CCG is funded by UK aid from the UK government. However, the views expressed herein do not necessarily reflect the UK government's official policies.

This discussion paper, is the result of an overall effort undertaken by the Sustainable Mobility for All partnership, in conjunction with the UK Foreign, Commonwealth and Development Office (FCDO) and the Climate Compatible Growth (CCG) Programme. It questions whether the Global North’s approach to electromobility is suitable for countries in the Global South, particularly Least Developed Countries (LDCs). It complements two other policy papers by the SuM4All partnership: (i) The Digital toolkit for Energy and Mobility, which provides useful resources to integrate policy measures toward sustainable mobility; and (ii) Sustainable Electric Mobility: Building Blocks and Policy Recommendations on policy barriers to electromobility and essential building blocks for public policy in this area. Released under the Global Roadmap of Action series (GRA)ii, these papers contribute to a deeper understanding of the comprehensive policy framework required to transition to sustainable mobility. The series intends to stimulate an informed discussion on policy choices in transport and position the SuM4All partnership more prominently in the run-up towards COP26 and beyond. This will contribute to the debate on transport decarbonization, while considering the other goals of sustainable mobility: universal access, efficiency, and safety. The SuM4all partnership outlined this comprehensive policy framework in the GRAiii, which is now being piloted in South Africa. This paper shows that the model for transitioning to electromobility in the Global North will not work for all countries, and therefore new, innovative approaches are needed so that countries in the Global South are not left behind. Many countries understand the issue and are willing to transition but the poorest countries often face demanding technological, financial, and social pressures. These current circumstances make this transition extremely difficult or not timely. The Global North has a responsibility, as the historic high emitter of carbon, to help these countries bridge the Green Divide. The paper seeks to raise questions and issues for dialogue focused on the role of electromobility as a solution to decarbonize the transport sector. It is intended as a unique discussion document, which will contribute to the international debate at COP26 and beyond, regarding the right pathway to decarbonize the sector by taking the perspective of the LDCs in the Global South.

New electricity demand from e-mobility can incentivize investment in new clean generation and grid infrastructure, thus improving power system services. As electric vehicle charging is flexible, this demand can be shifted to follow supply from low-cost variable renewables, like wind and solar. In this working paper, we identify nine key barriers to effective e-mobility/ renewable energy integration, which revolve around upfront cost, locked-in governance and technology uptake. We present a framework of enablers for effective e-mobility and renewable energy integration. The framework divides enablers into four categories and subdivides them into ten subcategories. We identify enablers according to this framework, which will be used as a base from which to develop practical solutions in the Asia-Pacific context. 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