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A 69-year-old woman was referred to our department for refractory cystitis. Incomplete emptying of the bladder was observed, and symptoms did not improve after medication. Clean intermittent catheterization was initiated. Two years after introduction of catheterization, a mass in the bladder dome was detected by routine abdominal ultrasonography. She was diagnosed with malignant tumor of the bladder diverticulum based on cystoscopy, computed tomography, and magnetic resonance imaging. Partial cystectomy and lymph node dissection was performed following transurethral resection of the bladder tumor. Histopathology revealed squamous cell carcinoma and no signs of lymph node metastasis. She is alive and recurrence-free 28 months after surgery.