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1. Association between Insufficient Sleep and Dental Caries among Preschoolers in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study

Author

Masato Ogawa, Hiroto Ogi, Daisuke Nakamura, Teruo Nakamura, and Kazuhiro P. Izawa

Subjects
sleep disorder, dental caries, preschoolers, children, parents, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, Psychology, BF1-990
Abstract

Recently, sleeping status has attracted attention for its relationship with oral health. In the present study, we have investigated the association between early childhood caries and sleeping status. A multicentre observational cross-sectional study was conducted among 332 preschoolers (aged 3–6 years) and their parents in Chitose, Japan. Dental caries and sleeping status were assessed in the children and the sleep quality and health literacy of the parents were also assessed. Univariate and multivariate regression analyses were used in order to investigate the effect of the sleeping status of the parents and their children on dental caries. Among the children, the prevalence of dental caries experience was 12.7%. The children without caries slept significantly longer and their parents had a better Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI) score than those with caries experience. The sleeping status and the numbers of caries in the children were significantly correlated. Health literacy was better in those without caries experience. Parents’ PSQI was significantly positively correlated with the numbers of caries in the children (r = 0.19, p = 0.0004). The children’s sleep durations, screen time, and parental smoking status were independently associated with early childhood caries. Poor sleeping status of children and their parents is related to dental caries among preschoolers.

Published
2022
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2. Relationship between parents’ health literacy and children’s sleep problems in Japan

Author

Sae Ono, Hiroto Ogi, Masato Ogawa, Daisuke Nakamura, Teruhiko Nakamura, and Kazuhiro P. Izawa

Subjects
Parents, Health literacy, Children, Sleep problems, Preschoolers, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270
Abstract

Abstract Background Sleep problems in preschool children can stunt their health and growth. However, the factors that cause sleep problems in children are not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parents’ health literacy (HL) and children’s sleep problems. The study was conducted at two kindergartens, two nursery schools, and a center for early childhood education in Chitose-city, Hokkaido, Japan. Method This study used a multicenter cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 354 preschoolers (aged 3–6 years) and their parents. In families with two or more children attending the same facility, only the oldest child was asked to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria included participants whose completed questionnaires had missing values. Children’s sleep problems were assessed using the Japanese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-J). Parents’ HL was assessed using the 14-item Health Literacy Scale (HLS-14). The parents were classified into two groups (high HL group and low HL group). Multiple regression modelling was used to determine the association between HLS-14 and CSHQ-J scores. Results Of the 354 parents, 255 (72%) were in the high HL group and 99 (28%) in the low HL group. The mean CSHQ-J score was significantly lower in the high HL group than in the low HL group (45.3 ± 6.0 points vs. 46.8 ± 5.9 points, p = 0.043). In multiple regression analyses, parents’ HL was independently associated with their CSHQ-J score after adjusting for all confounding factors (adjusted R 2 = 0.22, β = − 0.11; p = 0.043). Conclusions Parents’ HL appears to affect their children’s sleep problems. This finding suggests that parents’ HL may be a target for intervention to improve children’s sleep problems.

Published
2021
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3. Association between Parents' Social Capital and Physical Status in Preschool Children in Japan: A Cross-Sectional Multicentre Study

Author

Masato Ogawa, Daisuke Nakamura, Kazuhiro P. Izawa, Hiroto Ogi, and Teruhiko Nakamura

Subjects
Male, Parents, medicine.medical_specialty, Epidemiology, Health literacy, Norm of reciprocity, Interpersonal communication, Overweight, Body Mass Index, Japan, Surveys and Questionnaires, medicine, Humans, business.industry, Public health, Confounding, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Obstetrics and Gynecology, Cross-Sectional Studies, Child, Preschool, Pediatrics, Perinatology and Child Health, Social Capital, Female, medicine.symptom, business, Body mass index, Demography, Social capital
Abstract

OBJECTIVE According to a World Health Organization report, in 2016, 41 million young children globally were overweight or obese. The connection between parents' social capital and their children's health has been studied, but associations between parental social capital and children's weight are largely unexamined. Hence, we assessed the relationship between preschool children's weight and parents' social capital. METHODS We used BMI assessment data for 357 children (46.5% girls; mean age 5.3 years) in Japan. We examined parents' structural and cognitive social capital using a self-report questionnaire. RESULTS Multiple logistic regression analysis revealed associations between parents' social capital and children's BMI. Seventy-two (20.2%) of the children had poor BMI (body mass index; overweight or thin). Interpersonal trust was significantly associated with normal BMI in children after adjustment for all confounding factors (OR 2.68; 95% CI, 1.33-5.44; P = .006) and was independently associated with other social capital factors, including norm of reciprocity (OR 3.38; 95% CI, 1.68-6.79; P

Published
2021

4. Relationship Between Parents’ Health Literacy and Children’s Sleep Problems: A Multicenter Cross-Sectional Study in Japan

Author

Kazuhiro P. Izawa, Hiroto Ogi, Masato Ogawa, Teruhiko Nakamura, Sae Ono, and Daisuke Nakamura

Subjects
Sleep disorder, medicine.medical_specialty, Research ethics, business.industry, Cross-sectional study, Confounding, Declaration, Health literacy, medicine.disease, Affect (psychology), Family medicine, Medicine, business, Declaration of Helsinki
Abstract

Background: Sleep disorder in preschool children can stunt their health and growth. However, the factors that cause sleep disorders in children are not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parents’ health literacy (HL) and children's sleep problems. The study was conducted at two kindergartens, two nursery schools, and a center for early childhood education in Chitose-city, Hokkaido, Japan.Method: This study used a multicenter cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 354 preschoolers (aged 3–6 years) and their parents. In families with two or more children attending the same facility, only the oldest child was asked to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria included participants whose completed questionnaires had missing values. Children’s sleep disorder was assessed using the Japanese version of the Children's Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-J). Parents’ HL was assessed using the 14-item Health Literacy Scale (HLS-14). The parents were classified into two groups (high HL group and low HL group). Multiple regression modelling was used to determine the association between HLS-14 and CSHQ-J scores.Results: Of the 354 parents, 255 (72%) were in the high HL group and 99 (28%) in the low HL group. The mean CSHQ-J score was significantly lower in the high HL group than in the low HL group (45.3 ± 6.0 points vs. 46.8 ± 5.9 points, p = 0.043). In multiple regression analyses, CSHQ-J was independently associated with parents’ HL after adjusting for all confounding factors (R² = 0.41, β = -0.11; p = 0.0043). Conclusions: Parents’ HL appears to affect their children's sleep disorder. This finding suggests that parents’ HL may be a target for intervention to improve children’s sleep disorders.

Published
2020
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6. Relationship between parents' health literacy and children's sleep problems in Japan

Author

Masato Ogawa, Teruhiko Nakamura, Daisuke Nakamura, Kazuhiro P. Izawa, Sae Ono, and Hiroto Ogi

Subjects
Early childhood education, Sleep Wake Disorders, Parents, medicine.medical_specialty, Health literacy, Sleep problems, Affect (psychology), 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Japan, Surveys and Questionnaires, Epidemiology, Medicine, Humans, 030212 general & internal medicine, Child, Children, Preschoolers, business.industry, Public health, Research, Confounding, Public Health, Environmental and Occupational Health, Cross-Sectional Studies, Child, Preschool, Sleep (system call), Biostatistics, Public aspects of medicine, RA1-1270, business, Sleep, 030217 neurology & neurosurgery, Clinical psychology
Abstract

Background Sleep problems in preschool children can stunt their health and growth. However, the factors that cause sleep problems in children are not well understood. The aim of this study was to determine the relationship between parents’ health literacy (HL) and children’s sleep problems. The study was conducted at two kindergartens, two nursery schools, and a center for early childhood education in Chitose-city, Hokkaido, Japan. Method This study used a multicenter cross-sectional design. The sample comprised 354 preschoolers (aged 3–6 years) and their parents. In families with two or more children attending the same facility, only the oldest child was asked to participate in the study. Exclusion criteria included participants whose completed questionnaires had missing values. Children’s sleep problems were assessed using the Japanese version of the Children’s Sleep Habits Questionnaire (CSHQ-J). Parents’ HL was assessed using the 14-item Health Literacy Scale (HLS-14). The parents were classified into two groups (high HL group and low HL group). Multiple regression modelling was used to determine the association between HLS-14 and CSHQ-J scores. Results Of the 354 parents, 255 (72%) were in the high HL group and 99 (28%) in the low HL group. The mean CSHQ-J score was significantly lower in the high HL group than in the low HL group (45.3 ± 6.0 points vs. 46.8 ± 5.9 points, p = 0.043). In multiple regression analyses, parents’ HL was independently associated with their CSHQ-J score after adjusting for all confounding factors (adjusted R2 = 0.22, β = − 0.11; p = 0.043). Conclusions Parents’ HL appears to affect their children’s sleep problems. This finding suggests that parents’ HL may be a target for intervention to improve children’s sleep problems.

Published
2021

7. Associations between Parents’ Health Literacy and Sleeping Hours in Children: A Cross-Sectional Study

Author

Teruhiko Nakamura, Hiroto Ogi, Daisuke Nakamura, Masato Ogawa, and Kazuhiro P. Izawa

Subjects
Sleeping time, Pediatrics, medicine.medical_specialty, Leadership and Management, Cross-sectional study, Psychological intervention, lcsh:Medicine, Health Informatics, Health literacy, sleeping hours, Public problem, Affect (psychology), Positive correlation, Article, parents’ health literacy, 03 medical and health sciences, 0302 clinical medicine, Health Information Management, children, parents' health literacy, 030225 pediatrics, medicine, 030212 general & internal medicine, business.industry, Health Policy, lcsh:R, business, Sleep duration
Abstract

Background: Sleep in preschool children is an important factor for their health and active lives. The lack of adequate sleep in preschool children is a serious public problem in Japan. The relationship between health literacy (HL) and health status is well recognized. The purpose of this study was to investigate the association between the sleep duration of preschool children and the HL of their parents. Methods: In the present study, participants were preschool children (3–6 years) and their parents. We assessed the HL of the parents with the 14-item Health Literacy Scale (HLS-14) questionnaire. Sleep duration of the children was reported by their parents. We divided parents into two groups according to HLS-14 score and analyzed children’s sleeping time separately. Results: Data from 279 parents and their children were ultimately analyzed. The high HL group comprised 210 families (75.3%) and the low HL group comprised 69 families (24.7%). Average children’s sleep duration was significantly longer in the high HL group (9.5 ± 0.9 h) than in the low HL group (9.1 ± 1.1 h) (p = 0.013). A positive correlation was found in the low HL group between parents’ HL and their children’s sleeping times (p < 0.01, r = 0.32) but the difference was not significant in the high HL group (p = 0.98, r = −0.0009). Conclusion: The HL of parents appears to affect their children’s sleep duration, suggesting that parental HL may be an appropriate target for interventions aiming to lengthen children’s sleeping time.

Published
2018

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