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Poland's first major sports event after the fall of communism was the organization, together with Ukraine, of the UEFA European Football Championships in 2012 (Euro 2012). This third most popular sporting event in the world, after the FIFA World Cup and the Summer Olympic Games, brought many image-related (prestigious) benefits to Poland, from which the Polish economy and society benefited. The organization of Euro 2012 created opportunities for strategic investments, that led to the acceleration of the country's civilizational development. The event, took place eight years after Poland joined the European Union, and constituted a significant impetus to develop a model of sports policy implemented by the Polish state. It also had long-term political consequences, especially in initiating Ukraine's European integration. Thise article aims to outline organizing the event and analyze the consequences of Euro 2012 for Poland from a political science's perspective, using historical, decision-making, and institutional-legal methods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of E-balonmano.com: Journal of Sports Science / Revista de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Federacion Extremena de Balonmano and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annali di Storia delle Università Italiane is the property of CISUI: Centro Interuniversitario per la Storia delle Universita Italiane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annali di Storia delle Università Italiane is the property of CISUI: Centro Interuniversitario per la Storia delle Universita Italiane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annali di Storia delle Università Italiane is the property of CISUI: Centro Interuniversitario per la Storia delle Universita Italiane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annali di Storia delle Università Italiane is the property of CISUI: Centro Interuniversitario per la Storia delle Universita Italiane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annali di Storia delle Università Italiane is the property of CISUI: Centro Interuniversitario per la Storia delle Universita Italiane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Annali di Storia delle Università Italiane is the property of CISUI: Centro Interuniversitario per la Storia delle Universita Italiane and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This article analyses the mass sport policy in Brazil established during the government regime of the Military Dictatorship. To conduct this research, journals, newspapers and official documents produced between the 1970s and 1980s were used. Conclusively, the article indicates that the Sport for All policy in Brazil, created in the context of the emergence of the leisure field in the country, contributed to the consolidation of the mass sports policy, which was fundamentally essential for the insertion of sport as a social right in the 1988 constitution. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This essay examines the creation of a new undergraduate module on sport, tourism and heritage, at The University of Edinburgh, one based within the confines of a bachelor's program in sport management. The author emphasizes that this is part of a growing trend toward integrating heritage (alongside history) into Scottish/U.K. sport management academia, as something which can potentially address skills and employability outcomes while still offering the opportunity to critically discuss issues in the sport industry. The creation, running, format, and content of this module is discussed, within the context of its first being offered remotely in September 2020 in between "lockdowns" during the COVID-19 pandemic. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This book contains the original transcription of a 1834 text about the memory of the judicial process developed from the incidents that occurred during the celebration of a wrestling event in Tenerife. The content of the memory provides information about the forms of organization of the event, the level and mode of standardization of wrestling, terminology or clothing. The text is preceded by a socio-historical introduction about the development of wrestling, embedded within processes of sportisation linked to the generation of a Canarian identity that is distinctive from that of peninsular Spain. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Journal of Shanghai Physical Education Institute / Shanghai Tiyu Xueyuan Xuebao is the property of Shanghai Physical Education Institute and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recorde: Revista de História do Esporte is the property of Recorde: Revista de Historia do Esporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recorde: Revista de História do Esporte is the property of Recorde: Revista de Historia do Esporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Recorde: Revista de História do Esporte is the property of Recorde: Revista de Historia do Esporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Absract. Nowadays ball games are the most popular types of sport in the world including Russia. This fact contrasts sharply with the almost total absence of research in the field of ancient Greek ball games in Russian historical science. The aim of this article is to fill that gap at least on a small scale. The history of Greek ball games in the Hellenistic period is especially interesting because of the rise of their significance at that time. Τhe method of historicism and the comparative method are applied in this article. The most important sources for our article are the fragments of Athenaios’ Deipnosophistai (I, 26, 34) related to playing ball in Hellenistic times. We reconsidered the fragment by Damoxenus, the 3rd century BC writer of comedies, quoted by Athenaeus and usually interpreted as devoted to homosexual feelings. In our view it rather reflects a rapture of Athenian fans over a ball-player’s skill. However, the dramatist hyperbolizes this rapture in order to make it more comical. We correlate this fragment of Damoxenus with Athenaeus’ mention of significant honors (including granting of citizenship) given by Athenes to Aristonicus, Alexander the Great’s coach in ball games. Those honors are also reflected in the extant Athenian decree honoring Aristonicus. The talented ball-players became popular in the Hellenistic period possibly because at that time popularity was won by the idea that playing ball is useful for the military training. However conservators, continuing to regard ball games as mere entertainment (as it had been typical in the Classical period) could probably still exist, and Damoxenus’ mockery at the rapture over talent in ball game may reflect their views.

This research exposes the diverse sporting, social, economic, and political circumstances that amateur boxing experienced during the 1980s and early 1990s in Spain. This qualitative research is framed in the History of the Present Time and used the testimony of six oral sources, three of them Olympic boxers contemporary to the period under study. The results show that boxing began to be understood as a violent practice by some sectors of the Spanish population and its practice was banned in some parts of Spain. Its dissemination in the press and public television diminished notably and a gap was opened between professional boxing and amateur boxing in the popular ideology, understanding both with the differences that identified them, since the former began to be vilified, which negatively affected amateur boxing. These circumstances began to change in the 1990s, as boxing began to be used as a form of self-defence and was included in sports complexes for purposes other than competition. We can conclude that, despite the fact that in the 1980s the Spanish sport experienced a definitive boost, the circumstances described above were especially detrimental to amateur boxing in terms of the recruitment of practitioners and with respect to the economic support necessary for technicians and gyms in which they developed their pugilistic practice, which continued to be constituted as exclusive boxing halls located in marginal neighbourhoods. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Res Historica is the property of Maria Curie-Sklodowska University in Lublin and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Lua Nova is the property of CEDEC and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The concept of "shared history" is a historical research paradigm vigorously advocated by historian Xu Guoqi in recent years, which has received great attention from the academic circles at home and abroad. In Xu's work, sport plays an important role. Through analyzing the research paradigm for sport's "shared history", it can be seen that the paradigm is obviously characteristic of the non-government participators as the research subject, the cultural exchange as content, and the human destiny community construction as the research purpose. The research shows this paradigm originates from a transnational history and has a clear academic tradition, aiming to promote mutual understanding among civilizations and help realize shared future for mankind. Taking sport's "shared history" as an example, the study on the history of sport in China should follow the principles of Marx's historical materialism and write with the "grand historical view", thus gradually form the academic research family tree and accelerate the construction of Chinese-style sport history research. Taking sport's "shared history" as references, the practical study can be conducted from two dimensions of space and behavior subjects. The sport's "shared history" concept academically breaks through the historical writing paradigm of "Western-centered thinking", and provides a reliable historical perspective for easing international tension and constructing a harmonious society in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the evolving historiography of 'sport' vis-à-vis the British Society of Sports History (BSSH), as per fluid and shifting definitions of what the term 'sport' means. It begins by discussing broad themes within the previous historiography of UK sport. Afterwards, it roughly quantifies the content of articles the BSSH's journal The Sports Historian/Sport in History during the period 1993–2021, with an emphasis on sporting forms and emerging trends. Finally, the author provides a similar discussion of the topics of conference papers at annual meetings of the BSSH during the period 2011–21. Throughout this article, the author, Chair of the Society from 2017 to 2019, attempts to provide some causal explanations for why certain sporting forms are popular points of discussion, how others are pushing the envelope of the term 'sport', and issues therein. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This study investigates evidence of sporting values in the trajectory of the Brazilian athlete Willy Seewald, who participated in the 1924 Olympic games in Paris. The documental corpus analyzed consisted of interviews, newspapers, magazines, documents and other material, such as medals and diplomas from the Seewald family's personal collection. The interpretation of the material shows that Willy Seewald played several sports but excelled in Brazilian and South American competitions in javelin throwing. The athlete's participation in the 1924 Olympic Games in Paris, France, was surrounded by several difficulties that he was able to surmount due to his cultural background and his relationship with the community. Evidence was found that, throughout his sporting career, the athlete incorporated values consistent with the Olympic values and was referred to as a 'moral giant'. Although he died in 1929, he is still remembered in the Brazilian sporting scene. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Recorde: Revista de História do Esporte is the property of Recorde: Revista de Historia do Esporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Eastern Review is the property of University of Lodz - Lodz University Press and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Materiales para la Historia del Deporte is the property of Polytechnic University of Madrid and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

The development of modern sports in the former Hungary began in the middle of the 19th century. In 1839, Bratislava residents founded the Horse Racing Association, and gradually various other sports and physical education associations began to emerge. A more significant development of sport began after the end of the First World War. From 1923 until the beginning of the Second World War, several important sports facilities and grounds in the waterfront zone were realised, such as football fields and tennis courts, the Lido natural swimming pool or two rowing club buildings. After the annexation of the right bank of the Danube and the Devin forests by the Nazi Germany, Bratislava lost most of its recreational areas and almost all sports fields and the city council designated the location of Tehelné pole for their re-construction. After the change of political regime in 1948, sport became an important public interest and the object of the planned economy, which allowed urban planners to design large sports and recreational areas. After 1989, the re-transformation of the economy had again a fundamental effect on the architecture of sports facilities. Despite the valid zoning plans, which defined the size and location of sports areas, many buildings disappeared, or adapted their operation for commercial use. However, the lack of sports facilities is at least to some extent compensated by smaller investments by the city district council or sports associations. It shows us a potential direction of the development of sports grounds in the city, in which sport buildings can retain their original content and, at the same time, still fulfil both their urban and public functions.

Rugby was one of the sports to arrive late in Spain. Documentary research centres on primary bibliographical sources and historical press shows new data about the origins of the sport and the difficulties encountered during its initial years from 1894 to 1923. While rugby did not attract the popularity of other team sports, its peak in Barcelona served as propaganda for the spread of the game to other regions of Spain. Rugby also maintained very particular features which differentiated it from the sport of choice in the country: football.

The centenary of Spain’s first official participation in the Olympic Games (Antwerp, 1920) calls into question the need to review the historical state of the question. From the existing histography, new finds and greater knowledge of the historical period the opportunity has arisen to look at the subject again Here we consider the candidature presentation by the Commonwealth of Catalonia (Mancommunitat) to organize the 1924 Games in Barcelona. We try to answer the question: why did Barcelona aspire to hosting the Olympic Games in 1924 and why did the candidature presentation fail? We provide more details to the story and interpretative elements which together can give a clearer picture of the events. and why the application failed. Using historiographic-type methodology which is linked to previous studies, and also to the heuristics of new primary documentary sources held in the National Archive of Catalonia, we offer a narrative built on the events, the complicated social context at the time and the decisions made as a result.

The swimming pool in the Palace of Youth in Warsaw was officially opened in April 1955, as a part of the Palace of Culture and Science erected in the style of socialist realism. At that time, it was (and still is) the only indoor swimming pool in the Mazovian Region, where diving is possible. It is also one of very few swimming pools in Poland where this sport discipline can be practised in the full range of competitions throughout the whole year. The lack of suitable facilities for diving is the result of many reasons: lack of funds for sports investments, high costs of implementation and maintenance, numerous very detailed safety requirements of the International Swimming Federation (FINA) for this discipline, which a swimming pool must meet. The Palace of Culture and Science in Warsaw and its surroundings (the Parade Square) was enlisted in the register of historic architectural monuments and all modernization works had to take into account the very restrictive and detailed recommendations of the conservation programme that imposed keeping historical qualities of the pool’s architectural style. The aim of the article is to explore and present the relationships between history, tradition and modern requirements for swimming pools, and to answer the question if this object can meet the requirements of the FINA for training and sports events organisation.

Copyright of Tempo (1413-7704) is the property of Universidade Federal Fluminense, Departamento de Historia and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

This paper discusses the manner in which modern spectator sports developed in Colombia in the decade of the 1920s as part of the country’s efforts to modernize. An examination of the dominant theories of the diffusion of European sports to the Latin American elites and eventually to the populace as a technique for social control is undertaken. Scant immigration into the country as well as high mortality rates for men and women resulting from civil war and disease make Colombia a case of special interest. Rather than the introduction of a single sport, we embark on an analysis of leisure, scouting, gymnastics, and sports to describe the matrix from which sporting practices develop. A careful examination of the 1920s press reports allows for a careful description of the roots of these physical activities, the emergence of a new social actor, the sportsperson, and the role of state regulation in the field of sports.

Sport is considered a tool to ease intercultural dialogue and integration of migrants in the hosting countries. Actually, sport activities have great potentialities, but the participation of foreigners and the impact of athleticism on their integration are limited by some barriers. In Campania some attempts to favour the integration through sport have been promoted in recent years by associations and groups of citizens. Among the most successful projects are the football teams Afro-Napoli United, Rfc Lions Ska and Atletico Brigante and the basketball club Tam Tam. These projects have produced significant results in the involvement of the migrants and promotion of their integration, but they have also had to face some obstacles, which have limited their impact.

En España el voleibol es uno de los deportes cuyos orígenes ha sido menos estudiado. Este artículo aporta datos inéditos sobre los antecedentes del voleibol en España durante el período de 1920 a 1938, en el contexto escolar, militar y civil. El objeto de estudio se centra en averiguar el porqué su práctica no fue aceptada, así como sucedió en otros deportes colectivos. Una metodología sustentada en el análisis documental de fuentes primarias descubre que el voleibol fue un deporte considerado poco viril, es decir, no alcanzaba el ideal de endurecimiento que mostraban otros deportes, en los que el combate directo (cuerpo a cuerpo) con el adversario proporcionaba mayores rasgos de masculinización, con lo cual no satisfacía los intereses regeneracionistas del momento. Abstract Volleyball is one of the least studied team sports in Spain, in terms of its origins. This article provides new data on the beginnings of volleyball in Spain in the period 1920 to 1938, in the context of school, military and civil. The object of study consists of determining why this sport did not gain the same acceptance as other team sports. The use of a methodology based on primary source document analysis reveals that volleyball was regarded as an unmanly sport, in the sense that it did not attain the ideal of toughness-building that other sports provided, in which direct, close-quarter combat with opponents was seen to lend greater masculinity. For this reason it did not meet the regenerationist demands of the times.

En el ámbito de la historia del deporte, este artículo presenta la necesidad de seguir investigando génesis de deportes concretos, y anima a jóvenes investigadores a seguir este camino. Presenta algunas fórmulas de cómo se debe proceder al estudio y recopilación de las fuentes para reconstruir la génesis de un deporte, en función del periodo histórico en el que se produjo la génesis: a) si todavía quedan testigos vivos; b) si ocurrió en el siglo XIX o XX, y no quedan testigos vivos; y c) si la génesis se produjo en época medieval o antigua. Finalmente realiza una puesta al día del estudio de las génesis en diversos deportes, para determinar segmentos que todavía están inexplorados y así preparar el camino para que otros investigadores lo cubran. Abstract In the field of history of sport, this article presents the importance of studying the genesis of sports. It encourages young researchers to adopt this approach. It introduces ways of studying and compiling the primary sources and reconstructing the genesis of a sport, according to the historical time when such a genesis took place: a) whether there are still first-hand witnesses alive; b) whether it occurred in the nineteenth or twentieth century, and there are no witnesses alive; c) whether the genesis occurred in the Middle Ages or in ancient times. Finally, it prepares a literature review on the genesis of the concrete sports, in order to determine what areas are not yet explored, and encourage future researchers to cover them.

The present study aims to trace back the genealogy of our understanding for deliberated loss in sport, in particular the type of symbolic capital it brings to a given stakeholder - state, company, political party, etc. Of particular interest are cases where success in sport is secondary, after political and / or economic. There are cases where losing brings more symbolic capital than winning. In this sense, our understanding of success in sport should be reconsidered. The article describes in detail specific examples from the history of sports, from the Cold War to the present days. The study is interdisciplinary and includes methods from the philosophy of sport, cultural anthropology, and ethnology. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The breakup of Yugoslavia gives an opportunity to each of the countries that were part of the socialist federation for independent development in all areas, including sports. Sports success of Croatia, Serbia, Slovenia and Bosnia and Herzegovina are used as an opportunity for international recognition for the country. In the Croatian and Slovenian case the motto „A small country for great sports achievements” is used as part of the tourist advertising. At the same time, Croats and Slovenes seek to distance themselves from the sports heritage of Yugoslavia, while Serbia and Bosnia and Herzegovina use selected episodes of it to reinforce national feelings. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The 1920s and 1930s in Mexico were an important moment of transition for women's sport, as women's interests in sport as spectators and participants increased, giving rise to social debate. Much of these debates formed part of a broader discussion about the emergence of the 'modern woman' or, in the case of Mexico, la chica moderna. By focusing on the representation of the modern woman boxer in Mexican newspapers and popular media, this article analyses the socio-cultural construction of femininity through the discourse of sport in the postrevolutionary context of the 1920s and 1930s. This work considers how authors and publications with close ties to the postrevolutionary regime allocated the modern boxing woman a place within the postrevolutionary project, which provided the project a progressive appeal that argued for a true social equality. However, commentators also went to great lengths to reconcile the transgressive and modern character of women boxers with the state's more traditional discourses on acceptable femininity and clear limits remained in place for women. Nevertheless, the 1920s and 1930s witnessed a remarkable opening up of possibilities for alternative types of femininities in a context that sought to establish a new national citizen in terms of gender. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the emergence of the ban on women wrestlers from the sporting spectacle of lucha libre in Mexico City in the 1950s. Set against broader moral preoccupations about the growing popularity and visibility of lucha libre in Mexican society as a result of its broadcasting on television, luchadoras were seen as examples of transgressive femininity, which rendered attempts to make them invisible necessary. This work joins the efforts of scholars who write the history of women's participation and exclusion from sporting activities and contributes to the growing fields of sports studies and studies of mass culture within Mexico. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article investigates discourses about boxing in the Italian immigrant press in São Paulo between 1920 and 1935 and their relationship with national identity formation among these Italian immigrants. The newspaper Il Pasquino Coloniale is a privileged source that allows us to construct a history of four boxers: Italo Ugo, Romolo Parboni, Erminio Spalla and Primo Carnera. Our analysis shows that the prizefighters were treated as representatives of the Italian nation and that the newspaper stressed the impact that boxing had on the collective representation and national identity of the Italian colony in Brazil. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article is a sports biography ofBengt-Erik Grahn, a prominent figure in Swedish alpine skiing during the I960s. By discussing representations of Bengt-Erik Grahn in the Swedish daily press and comparing these with his own life story and memories from his time as an elite alpine skier, the objective is to study the cultural identities that appear in relation to his sports career. Bengt-Erik Grahn grew up in a Shmi family in Kittelf}ill in the Swedish province of Wsterbotten and spent his early school years at the Sdmi nomad school in TUrnaby. Due to his Simi background and position as a representative ofthe Swedish national alpine team, the article focuses in particular on how identity constructs such as "Swedishness" and "Saminess" appear in the source material. For instance, it is argued that his Sdmi identity served an important function when Bengt-Erik Grahn was depicted as a Swedish sports hero. In addition, his Sami background, meager way of life, odd sporting outfit (a hand-knitted wool sweater and hat) and profession as a forestry worker were all characteristics presented in the press coverage as distinguishing the Swedish sporting identity of amateurism from what was perceived as a jet-set and playboy mentality represented by the professional Continental European alpine skiers. However, simultaneously with this idealization, Bengt-Erik Grahn's Shmi heritage was also used as a stereotype to explain his aggressive and risky tactics, which often resulted in crashes in the most important competitions. Bengt-Erik Grahn's own life story in several ways offers nuance to the perceptions of the daily press. In particular, it reveals the challenges facing Bengt-Erik Grahn in his youth as he chose to focus on a career in alpine skiing. For example, there were strong expectations that a Simi skier should devote him- or herself to cross-country skiing, which was considered a traditional Simi sport at the time. Alpine skiing, on the other hand, was perceived as modern and alien to Simi sports culture. In that way, Bengt-Erik Grahn's odd and independent way of skiing appears in his life story as a demonstration of empowerment. Despite the prevailing culture, he chose the sport and how to perform it entirely on his own. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Copyright of Museologia e Patrimônio is the property of Museologia e Patrimonio and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of Marmara Üniversitesi Hukuk Fakültesi Hukuk Araştırmaları Dergisi is the property of Marmara University and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

Copyright of RICYDE. Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte is the property of Revista Internacional de Ciencias del Deporte and its content may not be copied or emailed to multiple sites or posted to a listserv without the copyright holder's express written permission. However, users may print, download, or email articles for individual use. This abstract may be abridged. No warranty is given about the accuracy of the copy. Users should refer to the original published version of the material for the full abstract. (Copyright applies to all Abstracts.)

OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to identify the emergence of football practice in the city of Bocaiúva, located in the northern region of the state of Minas Gerais, between the years 1920 to 1940. METHODS: This study was carried out through documentary research in printed sources, such as periodicals that circulated in the city in the period, such as Gazeta do Norte and Bocayuva. Such sources were submitted to a documentary analysis. RESULTS: Presenting its emergence through the feet of the local elite, football was subsequently practiced by the workers who worked on the construction of the railway line, an operation that was carried out in the region. Thus, at that moment, several football associations emerge, among them Bocayuva Esporte Clube, the central team, and Granjas Reunias. Such associations provide several intercity matches. Therefore, it is possible to perceive the configuration of new habits of a modern society, in the early period of republican Brazil, even in the case of a city in the interior, which was mirrored in the behaviors of European society, by reflecting the behavior of the capital of Brazil in the period: Rio de Janeiro. CONCLUSION: Thus, in addition to this sports practice being able to provide a process of socialization and integration between the cities of northern Minas Gerais, in this research, the representativeness of football and the meaning that this sport transmitted to the collective imagination of the small city of Bocaiúva stood out. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

OBJECTIVE: This study aims to investigate the first tennis competitions organized in the state of Rio Grande do Sul, during the 1920s and 1960s. METHODS: The initial time frame of the investigation is justified by the fact that the first tennis championship took place in the state, in 1921 and, in the following decades, the propagation of competitions between clubs from Rio Grande do Sul followed. The final delimitation of the study is the 1960s, when there was an expressive number of tennis competitions and the highlight of tennis players from the state in the Brazilian scenario. The construction of the historical text mobilized the concept of sports memory. Therefore, historical documents were analyzed, such as newspaper reports published in cities in Rio Grande do Sul. Such research materials were treated using the document analysis technique. These documents were compared with studies located through a bibliographic review. RESULTS: The results of the investigation recorded that the 1920s were marked by the regulation of tennis practice in clubs in Rio Grande do Sul, mainly due to the creation of the Gaúcha Tennis Federation in 1929, with the purpose of promoting the sport, in addition to organizing competitions. CONCLUSION: Decades later, with the foundation of the Brazilian Tennis Confederation, in 1955, tennis started to have a centralized administrative structure and there was an increase in the number of competitions held in Rio Grande do Sul. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The aim of this study is to discuss the peculiarities of the sporting initiatives organized in Realengo district/ Rio de Janeiro between 1902, when an important association was created, the Clube Dramático, and 1940, when ended the trajectory of a cycling society, the Realengo Pedal Club. We intend to discuss the specificities of the local social experiences, which were explored based on one of its diversions. To reach the objective, magazines and newspapers were used as main sources. The aim is to take a look at the conformation of Rio de Janeiro suburbs in order to contribute from a multiple perspective of the city history. It is concluded that the sports structured in the period are an indication of a region that transited between the rural and the urban, as well as between the civil and military worlds. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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The aim of this article is to recall the somewhat forgotten Olympic winners (Ray Ewry, Walt Davis, Wilma Rudolph) who contracted Heine-Medina disease in their childhood. Thanks to rehabilitation, they regained their temporarily lost mobility. Physical activity became the meaning of their lives and as adults, they became Olympic champions. They were true heroes of sport, and thanks to them, sport became richer in personalities, remarkably worth following and giving hope to those who doubt (those ill) their own abilities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

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