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35. Additional file 1 of Identification of drought responsive Elaeis guineensis WRKY transcription factors with sensitivity to other abiotic stresses and hormone treatments

Author

Lee, Fong Chin, Yeap, Wan Chin, Appleton, David Ross, Ho, Chai-Ling, and Kulaveerasingam, Harikrishna

Subjects
genetic structures, sense organs, behavioral disciplines and activities, psychological phenomena and processes
Abstract

Additional file 1: Table S1. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for APE-EREBP transcription factors. Table S2. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for bHLH transcription factors. Table S3. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for bZIP transcription factors. Table S4. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for C2H2 transcription factors. Table S5. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for MYB transcription factors. Table S6. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for NAC transcription factors. Table S7. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for Orphans transcription factors. Table S8. Expression data of differential expressed genes (DEGs) encode for SBP transcription factors.

Published
2022
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36. Ligninolytic enzymes profiling in association with the aggressiveness of Ganoderma boninense isolates.

Author

Periasamy, Gunashila, Wong Mui Yun, Vadamalai, Ganesan, Ho Chai Ling, Naidu, Yuvarani Raja, and Sundram, Shamala

Subjects
GANODERMA, OIL palm, LIGNIN peroxidases, SOLID-state fermentation, PATHOGENIC microorganisms
Abstract

Aims: This study was designed to examine the enzyme activity of selected virulent isolates of Ganoderma boninense against oil palm. In a separate in vitro assessment, the effect of macronutrients on the mycelial growth of four selected Ganoderma spp. was also tested. Methodology and results: The study involved a comparison of ligninolytic enzymes; lignin peroxidase (LiP), manganese peroxidase (MnP) and laccase (Lac) profiling of eight isolates of G. boninense, categorized into three levels of aggressiveness, with two control isolates (G. boninense PER71 and G. tornatum NPG1) using solid-state fermentation (SSF). The Principal Component Analysis (PCA) revealed that the isolates had a significant production of ligninolytic enzymes on day 80. The most aggressive isolate, ET61 had the highest Lac production. As for the macronutrient test, mycelial growth for all the Ganoderma spp. was highly affected by potassium (K). Conclusion, significance and impact of study: The findings of this study elucidated the characteristics of G. boninense in relation to enzyme production for the degradation of oil palm lignin and the identification of essential nutrients involved in the survival and growth of Ganoderma spp. The study provides vital information on the pathogenic characteristics of G. boninense isolates involved in biomass degradation along with the role of nutrient on the growth of Ganoderma spp. that may influence basal stem rot (BSR) management in the field. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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42. Plant Defense Inducers and Antioxidant Metabolites Produced During Oil Palm-Ganoderma boninenseInteraction In Vitro

Author

Shokrollahi, Neda, Ho, Chai-Ling, Mohd Zainudin, Nur Ain Izzati, Abdul Wahab, Mohd As’wad Bin, and Wong, Mui-Yun

Abstract

Ganoderma boninensePat. has been recognized as a white rot pathogenic fungus and the causal agent of basal stem rot (BSR) in oil palm. BSR is a destructive disease which has threaten oil palm without any effective treatment available until now. This study analyzed extracellular metabolites secreted by G. boninenseduring the interaction with oil palm plantlets in vitro using Liquid Chromatography with Tandem Mass Spectrometry (LC–MS/MS) and Gas Chromatography Mass Spectrometry (GC–MS). Roots of three months old oil palm plantlets were artificially inoculated with G. boninense.After 14 days, metabolites released by G. boninensein the environment compared to samples without plantlets (as control) were extracted using ethyl acetate. LC–MS/MS analysis identified azelaic acid (AzA), isonicotinic acid (INA), and ricinoleic acid (RA) in the negative polarity while none was identified in the positive ion mode. In the control sample, α-ketoisovaleric acid was identified in the negative polarity mode. Identification of RA produced by G. boninense, as a first report, provides a basis for more extensive studies on sclerotia production and its role in BSR pathogenesis. GC–MS analysis detected a total of 51 bioactive compounds in the crude extract containing interaction of Ganoderma-oil palm and demonstrated high amount of phenol with one aromatic ring (64%) and 5-Hydroxymethyl-1,1,4a-trimethyl-6methylenedecahydronaphthalen-2-ol (14%), respectively. This study presents a new perspective regarding the secondary metabolites involved during the interaction of G-boninenseand oil palm roots.

Published
2023
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46. RNA-sequencing of methyl-jasmonate treated turmeric (Curcuma longa) reveals novel protease inhibitor transcripts

Author

Noor Azmi Shaharuddin, Norliza Abu Bakar, Ho Chai-Ling, Maziah Mahmood, and Seow-Neng Chan

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, Candidate gene, Methyl jasmonate, Protease, medicine.medical_treatment, fungi, Plant Science, Computational biology, Biology, biology.organism_classification, 01 natural sciences, 0104 chemical sciences, Transcriptome, 010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistry, chemistry.chemical_compound, chemistry, Plant defense against herbivory, medicine, Curcuma, KEGG, Gene, 010606 plant biology & botany
Abstract

Turmeric (Curcuma longa) has long been known in Southeast Asia as a medicinal plant and been used as folk remedies to treat minor illnesses like diarrhea or skin diseases. Recent studies on turmeric have shown numerous pharmacological properties such as anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-pathogenic including anti-viral protease activities. All these beneficial properties make turmeric a suitable candidate for the discovery of novel protease inhibitors (PIs). PIs are commonly found in all organisms to regulate biological processes. In plant, PIs are reported to play important roles in plant defense mechanism. A number of these PIs have been genetically engineered into crop plants to enhance protection against microorganism and pest insects. However over time, the pathogens and pest insects are slowly adapting to the current strategies and overcome the additional defense barrier. Hence, this study was conducted to identify novel PIs genes from methyl jasmonate (MeJA)-treated turmeric plants through the whole transcriptome sequencing approach. From the raw data reads obtained from the RNA-sequencing of MeJA-treated leaf tissues, a single reference transcriptome was assembled de novo using Trinity software. A total of 105,529 contiguous sequences were obtained. Sequence annotation and homology search were performed onto several protein databases such as Uniprot, Pfam, GO and KEGG which resulted in around 50% of the transcripts showed similarity hits to known proteins. The individual expression profile of the transcripts from the control and MeJA-treated turmeric samples were generated and compared in order to identify differential expressed genes. A total of 4274 transcripts had been identified to be differentially expressed where there were 1599 upregulated transcripts and 2715 downregulated transcripts. A total of 21 transcripts showed sequence similarity hits to PIs families and three of the transcripts were identified to be upregulated from the MeJA treatment. These identified PIs transcript can serve as candidate genes for further functional studies and applications.

Published
2019

47. Protein Extraction Protocol from Musa sp. Shoots and Roots Tissue for Non-reducing One Dimensional SDS-PAGE Analysis

Author

Noor Baity Saidi, Nurul Najihah Mohd Nasir, Dhilia Udie Lamasudin, and Ho Chai-Ling

Subjects
0106 biological sciences, 0301 basic medicine, Chromatography, Chemistry, 01 natural sciences, 03 medical and health sciences, 030104 developmental biology, Complementary and alternative medicine, Drug Discovery, Protein purification, Botany, Shoot, Polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis, 010606 plant biology & botany
Published
2018

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