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This study will examine the effects of tattoos, race, and gender on hirability ratings in employment interviews.

We are examining predictors of perceived valence, instrumentality, and expectancy beliefs of honesty and deception in employment interviews. We also seek to determine whether demographic predictors of these beliefs (found in a previous study from this project) can be explained by individual differences.

Employment interviews are the most commonly used tool for job candidate evaluation (Macan, 2009), making it vital to gain a comprehensive understanding of their utility and psychometric properties. In particular, the validity of—or ability to make accurate inferences from—interview ratings may be hindered by factors such as candidates’ misrepresentation of themselves (Levashina & Campion, 2007) and ratings being contaminated by job-irrelevant information (Huffcutt et al., 2011). Striving to improve the validity of employment interviews represents a crucial topic for examination in future research within personnel selection (Potočnik et al., 2021), highlighting a strong need to address the aforementioned challenges. The present dissertation examined numerous topics within the challenges posed by job candidate misrepresentation and stigma, with the aim of producing knowledge that could improve the validity of employment interviews. The first manuscript in this dissertation was a meta-analytic investigation of the relation between job candidate misrepresentation (i.e., deceptive impression management) and interview ratings. Results suggested that on average, deceptive impression management was effectively unrelated to interview ratings. The second manuscript in this dissertation comprised two studies that examined the contextual and demographic factors underlying deceptive impression management, as knowledge about these areas remain unclear (Melchers et al., 2020). Results indicated that valence-instrumentality-expectancy beliefs were all predictors of self-reported deceptive impression management in a past employment interview. Lastly, the third manuscript in this dissertation examined the negative impact of being tattooed on employment interview ratings, and how this effect differed based on candidate gender and the type of organizational culture. Results demonstrated that being tattooed had a very small negative impact on the female candidate, but not the male candidate in this study. In sum, the present dissertation examined the extent to which deceptive impression management and interviewer biases (i.e., about tattoo stigma) contaminated interview ratings. Implications for research and practice are discussed within each manuscript, including directions for future investigation to learn more about these topics with respect to improving the validity of interviews as a selection tool.

We are investigating how multiple stigmas (e.g., physical body modification/tattoos, gender, and race) impact employment interview outcomes.

We are investigating how multiple stigmas (e.g., physical body modification/tattoos, gender, and race) impact employment interview outcomes.

OBJECTIVE: To explore FPs’ self-perceived role in advance care planning (ACP) for community-dwelling elderly patients, including the who, what, when, where, why, and how factors associated with having ACP discussions. DESIGN: Qualitative descriptive methodology with semistructured interviews. SETTING: Greater Vancouver region in British Columbia. PARTICIPANTS: Thirteen FPs. METHODS: Semistructured interviews were conducted with a convenience sample of FPs. Interviews were independently coded and analyzed by 2 investigators. MAIN FINDINGS: All participants believed that FPs had the responsibility to ensure that elderly patients received ACP. However, practitioners who were comfortable with other specialists taking the lead were more likely to take a passive role. Most participants did not definitively distinguish end-of-life care from ACP, possibly because discussions frequently occurred late in the disease trajectory. While a minority of physicians approached patients based on older age, most physicians (69%) initiated ACP based on the patient’s health status. However, the threshold to begin discussions varied greatly among participants. Physicians often talked about the necessity of dedicating time to these discussions and introduced ACP with the following techniques: normalizing the topic, speaking in general terms, and exploring the patient’s understanding of his or her prognosis. Participants expressed conflicting perceptions regarding the effect of ACP on the physician, on the patient’s current health, on the patient’s future care, and on the patient-physician relationship. As most FPs solely practised in the clinic setting, many were unaware of the direct effects of ACP on patients’ end-of-life care. CONCLUSION: Family physicians had varying and often conflicting perspectives on the optimal timing and effects of ACP in community-dwelling elderly patients. More research investigating the effects of ACP on the elderly primary care population is needed.

A method based on Advanced Oxidation Process (AOP) was validated for the degradation of chlorpyrifos on apples and inactivating Escherichia coli O157:H7, along with Aspergillus niger spores. AOP generates free-radicals using UV-C light (at 254 nm), hydrogen peroxide, and ozone. The use of gaseous ozone alone was ineffective in chlorpyrifos degradation and was therefore excluded from AOP use. Response surface methodology (RSM) was used to find that the degradation of chlorpyrifos was primarily dependent on UV-C dose and hydrogen peroxide temperature but not hydrogen peroxide concentration. The maximal degradation of chlorpyrifos on apples was achieved through an AOP treatment applying 68.4 kJ/m2 UV dose and 1.22% v/v H2O2 at 66°C that resulted in a 47% reduction (92µg) of the pesticide with < 0.004 µg accumulation of chlorpyrifos-oxon. The same treatment supported a >6.56 log CFU reduction in E. coli O157:H7 and >6.56 log CFU reduction of A. niger spores. OMAFRA and agri-food innovation

Many applicants fake, or intentionally misrepresent information, in employment interviews. Recent theories of faking propose that applicants may fake more when there are situational cues that signal intense competition for the job. We tested this proposition by manipulating the number of competitors and selection ratio in selection scenarios, and assessed individuals’ faking intentions. We also examined whether Honesty-Humility moderated the relation between competition and faking intentions. Hypotheses were tested using a between-subjects study with 775 participants. Results show that faking intentions increased with few competitors and a small selection ratio. Honesty-Humility did not moderate the relation between competition and faking intentions. Findings support competition as a situational predictor of faking intentions, lending support to models of faking.

Objectives The risk of drowning is reported to be 15–19 times greater in people with epilepsy compared to the general population. Despite this disproportionate burden, there is limited data about the circumstances surrounding drowning deaths in people with epilepsy. This population-based case series characterizes drowning deaths in people with epilepsy. Methods Postmortem data from coroner-ordered autopsies conducted in Ontario between 2014 and 2016 were screened for cases of drowning in people with a history of seizures. Demographic information, epilepsy characteristics, and circumstances surrounding death were extracted from post mortem reports. The incidence of drowning in people with epilepsy was calculated using government estimates of the Ontario population and the number of people with epilepsy. Results Twenty-five people with epilepsy drowned during the three-year study period, giving an estimated incidence of 1.5 per 10,000 epilepsy person-years (95% CI: 0.98, 2.23). Decedents were mostly young (mean age 36 years) and without physical or developmental disability. Approximately one-third had psychiatric comorbidities. Epilepsy severity ranged from well-controlled to drug refractory. Only 3 people had alcohol or illicit drugs detected on toxicological analysis. Forty-four percent of deaths were the result of an unwitnessed drowning in a bathtub. Conclusions This population-based case series confirms people with epilepsy drown at a rate nearly ten times greater than the general population (1.5 per 10,000 epilepsy person-years compared to the estimated provincial average of 0.13 per 10,000). Drowning deaths in people with epilepsy most often occur in the bathtub. These deaths are only rarely associated with intoxication. People with epilepsy should receive counseling on the increased risk of drowning, including information regarding the significant risk associated with bathtub use, the potential protective roles of anti-epileptic drug (AED) adherence and supervision when in or around water, and the fact that all people with epilepsy remain at an increased risk of drowning regardless of their apparent seizure control.

This report compares the attributes of induction and natural gas stoves and provides a recommendation as to which is more suitable for use in the new Student Union Building through a triple-bottom line analysis. The triple-bottom line looks at the economical, environmental, and societal impacts of these stoves. The comparisons of the two types of stoves are to be conducted based on their technological attributes for the environmental and societal impacts, while individual models from different manufacturers are compared to look at their economical impacts. The report uses peer-reviewed papers that were written by experts to provide information on the two types of stoves. Most were published in science and academic journals. The information that is presented assumes that the data from the test stoves are representative of the stoves that can be purchased for the new SUB. It is also assumed that the indicated usage and lifespan of the stoves will be similar to the stoves that will be used in the catering kitchen. The research that is presented in this report shows that the average capital costs for induction stoves are much greater than natural gas stoves, but the variable costs for the energy are much less for induction stoves. However, the unique pricing for resources for the new SUB alters the costs of the different types of stoves. Since natural gas stoves involve combustion, emissions are present while induction stoves do not produce any. Natural gas stoves are approximately 40% energy efficient because of the significant amount of heat loss to the surroundings. Conversely, induction stoves are highly energy efficient with an efficiency of approximately 90% because heat generation takes place in the pot itself. Natural gas stoves also present a higher risk for burns from the flame as well as possible health issues due to the inhalation of the by-products of combustion. Induction stoves also provide a cooler working environment. Cleaning induction stoves is much easier because the surface is not heated and generally flat as opposed to natural gas stoves, which have burners that make it more difficult. From analysing the economical, environmental, and social impacts of the triple-bottom line, it is recommended that the new SUB use induction stoves in the catering kitchen. The induction stoves offer safer working conditions and greater energy efficiency than natural gas. Disclaimer: “UBC SEEDS provides students with the opportunity to share the findings of their studies, as well as their opinions, conclusions and recommendations with the UBC community. The reader should bear in mind that this is a student project/report and is not an official document of UBC. Furthermore readers should bear in mind that these reports may not reflect the current status of activities at UBC. We urge you to contact the research persons mentioned in a report or the SEEDS Coordinator about the current status of the subject matter of a project/report.”