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Composite electrodes on glassy carbon (GC) having the structure GC/CC(Ox)/PPy, with CC representing carbon cloth, PPy polypyrrole and Ox mixed valence spinel oxide nanoparticles of transition metals Cu1.4Mn1.6O4, exhibit high reactivity and stability towards the oxygen reduction reaction (ORR), when the ORR proceeds electrocatalytically on the oxide particles dispersed throughout the carbon cloth. PPy here is electrochemically polymerized and serves as a protective layer to make the oxide sandwiched between PPy and CC fiber backbone. In oxygen saturated 0.15 M KCl solution, the composite electrodes show a good performance with current density up to 10 mA cm− 2 under gentle stirring. The enhancements of the composite electrodes for ORR result from the oxide nanoparticles dispersed on high-area CC. Optimal oxide loadings were encountered at 3.5 mg cm− 2.

We report here experimental evidence for the formation in the solid state of a new binuclear Fe (III) 2(mu-OMe) 2(HL) 4 complex (H 2L is 2-salicyloylhydrazono-1,3-dithiolane). The isostructural Mn (III) 2(mu-OMe) 2(HL) 4 complex has provided the strongest ferromagnetic interaction value (J approximately 20 cm (-1)) between Mn (III) ions to date. The new iron binuclear compound presented in this study shows antiferromagnetic intramolecular coupling, which agrees with the theoretical study that we previously proposed. During our synthetic work, we also observed an unexpected spontaneous reduction of the new Fe (III)(HL) 2Cl,S complex to the new Fe (II)(H 2L) 2Cl 2 high-spin mononuclear complex. This process has been checked by cyclo-voltammetry as well as pseudosteady voltammetry.

Photovoltaic devices based on sprayed films of Al doped CdS and electrolytically deposited poly(3-methylthiophene) (PMeT) yield short circuit current densities and open circuit voltages in the range 2 - 3 mA cm -2 and 0.3 - 0.4 V in white light. Synthesis parameters for both CdS and PMeT do control the physical properties of the films and the performance of the cell.

Sowohl im PbO2-Gitter bei der Darstellung eingebautes als auch im Elektrolyten (8 N H2SO4) gegenwartiges Sb2O3 erhohen die Kapazitat des PbO2 bei der elektrochemischen Reduktion, jedoch in unterschiedlichem Grad.

A smooth method of improving the surface texture of thin CdS films is presented in this work. The use of ammonia solution in this matter has been found to be safe, since no deleterious compound is released. The low rate of the process involved allows for an easy follow up of the photoreactive behavior of each of the samples treated for different immersion times. Monitoring of the change that occurred revealed that optimal conditions can be attained from either a single wet treatment of the sample or a repetitive wet treatment of the same sample in the same medium. Microstructure modification is likely to be the main factor responsible for the improvement in photoreactivity. A shiny electrochemical deposit engendered by the second method does not modify this behavior. That compound probably leads to a progressive change of the semiconductor‐electrolyte junction in semiconductor insulator‐electrolyte type.