15 results on '"Hobbs DR"'
Search Results
2. Group Decision-making: Consensus Rule Versus Majority Rule
- Author
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Stephen H. Hobbs Dr, Kelsey Hewitt, W.F. Lawless, Elizabeth Taylor, and Robert A. Reeves Dr
- Subjects
Majority rule ,media_common.quotation_subject ,Skin temperature ,Body movement ,Wason selection task ,Group decision-making ,consensus ,group decision-making ,General Earth and Planetary Sciences ,Quality (business) ,Instrumentation (computer programming) ,Psychology ,Social psychology ,Complex problems ,General Environmental Science ,media_common ,majority - Abstract
Previously, in the field to solve complex problems, we had found that majority rule (MR) decision-making out-performed consensus rule (CR) by making decisions that were quicker, more practical, and of better quality. This is an important finding for businesses. In the laboratory, we had found consistent support for the speed of making decisions under majority rules, but we subsequently failed to replicate the findings about practicality and quality with three-person groups in the laboratory. We attributed the problem to a lack of conflict experienced in the MR groups that we had attempted to generate but which did not materialize. The literature agreed with us that it was difficult to get debate in three-person groups. In an effort to increase debate among group members in the MR condition, in the present research, we used from three to seven- person groups and the Wason Selection Task. We additionally began using improved psycho-physiological instrumentation to measure electrodermal activity, skin temperature and body movement.
- Published
- 2013
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3. Extended Hemodialysis in Short Acting Barbiturate Poisoning
- Author
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Dennis Aj, Hobbs Dr, Hudson Jb, and Sussman Hc
- Subjects
Adult ,medicine.medical_specialty ,Chlorpromazine ,business.industry ,Amitriptyline ,medicine.medical_treatment ,Barbiturate poisoning ,General Medicine ,Secobarbital ,Positive-Pressure Respiration ,Suicide ,Renal Dialysis ,Barbiturates ,medicine ,Humans ,Perphenazine ,Female ,Hemodialysis ,Intensive care medicine ,business ,Pentobarbital - Published
- 1969
4. A preliminary investigation into the application of processing instruction as therapy for aphasia in Spanish speakers.
- Author
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Santamaria KD, Muñoz ML, Atkins JL, Hobbs DR, and O'Donald K
- Subjects
- Adult, Female, Humans, Male, Speech, Speech Intelligibility, Aphasia therapy, Speech Therapy methods
- Abstract
Purpose: This study was a preliminary investigation into the use of processing instruction (PI) to improve the use of the personal 'a' to assign thematic roles in Spanish sentences for second language (L2) learners and persons with aphasia (PWA). Evidence suggests that PI is an effective teaching method for L2 learners with errant processing strategies. However its use with PWA with an acquired inability to process syntactic cues is unknown., Methods: Thirty non-impaired Spanish as a second language learners and two Spanish-speaking PWA participated in this study. PI involved the use of explicit instruction and structured input activities with nouns and pronouns. Each participant's performance was assessed pre and post treatment. Two experimental and one control groups of L2 learners completed the PI activities over two days. PWA completed PI in individual sessions over four day and received additional cues., Conclusions: L2 learners who received PI demonstrated significant improvement in the comprehension and production of 'a'. However, the Spanish-speaking PWA demonstrated mixed results. Both of the PWA exhibited gains in the comprehension of 'a' on referential tasks. One participant with aphasia demonstrated improved comprehension post-testing, and neither participant demonstrated gains on production post-testing. Results suggest that PI may be useful for increasing syntactic comprehension in people with aphasia. Findings from the current study are used to guide suggestions for further modification and use of PI as a treatment strategy for PWA., Learning Outcomes: Readers will be able to: (a) define processing instruction, (b) discuss the role of specific syntactic cues in Spanish comprehension, and (c) explain how PI might be modified for use with Spanish speakers with aphasia., (Copyright © 2013 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2013
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5. Songs as a medium for embedded reproductive messages.
- Author
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Hobbs DR and Gallup GG
- Subjects
- Commerce statistics & numerical data, Humans, Reproducibility of Results, Music psychology, Reproduction, Sexual Behavior psychology, Singing
- Abstract
Research shows that sensational news stories as well as popular romance novels often feature themes related to important topics in evolutionary psychology. In the first of four studies described in this paper we examined the song lyrics from three Billboard charts: Country, Pop, and R&B. A content analysis of the lyrics revealed 18 reproductive themes that read like an outline for a course in evolutionary psychology. Approximately 92% of the 174 songs that made it into the Top Ten in 2009 contained one or more reproductive messages, with an average of 10.49 reproductive phrases per song. Although differences in the frequency of different themes between charts were found, further analyses showed that the most popular/bestselling songs contained significantly more reproductive messages. An analysis of the lyrics of opera arias and art songs also revealed evidence for many of the same embedded reproductive messages extending back more than 400 years.
- Published
- 2011
6. Evolutionary medicine: bottle feeding, birth spacing, and autism.
- Author
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Gallup GG Jr and Hobbs DR
- Subjects
- Biological Evolution, Humans, Risk Factors, Autistic Disorder etiology, Birth Intervals, Bottle Feeding adverse effects, Fertility physiology, Postpartum Period
- Abstract
To compensate for the high metabolic costs of lactation, the likelihood of re-impregnation shortly after childbirth is normally reduced due to hormonal changes triggered by breast feeding during the postpartum period. Nowadays, however, bottle feeding as a substitute for breast feeding precludes such changes and leads to early postpartum reinstatement of fertility. We suggest that recent data showing the risk of autism goes up dramatically as the time between pregnancies goes down [1] may be a byproduct of bottle feeding. The decision to bottle feed your last child may unwittingly put your next child at risk of being autistic., (Copyright © 2011 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.)
- Published
- 2011
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7. Preface: research at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia.
- Author
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Morwood MJ, Sutikna T, Saptomo EW, Jatmiko, Hobbs DR, and Westaway KE
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- Animals, Archaeology, History, Ancient, Hominidae anatomy & histology, Hominidae classification, Hominidae genetics, Humans, Indonesia, Research, Biological Evolution, Fossils, Geological Phenomena
- Abstract
Excavations at Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia, have yielded evidence for an endemic human species, Homo floresiensis, a population that occupied the cave between approximately 95-17ka. This discovery has major implications for early hominin evolution and dispersal in Africa and Asia, attracting worldwide interest. This preface describes the rationale for the excavations in historical, geographical, and wider research contexts, as well as the methods used. It also introduces the other papers on aspects of Liang Bua research that feature in this edition of the Journal of Human Evolution.
- Published
- 2009
- Full Text
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8. Reconstructing the geomorphic history of Liang Bua, Flores, Indonesia: a stratigraphic interpretation of the occupational environment.
- Author
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Westaway KE, Sutikna T, Saptomo WE, Jatmiko, Morwood MJ, Roberts RG, and Hobbs DR
- Subjects
- Animals, Archaeology, Biological Evolution, Geography, Hominidae classification, Hominidae genetics, Humans, Indonesia, Geological Phenomena
- Abstract
Liang Bua, in Flores, Indonesia, was formed as a subterranean chamber over 600ka. From this time to the present, a series of geomorphic events influenced the structure of the cave and cave deposits, creating a complex stratigraphy. Within these deposits, nine main sedimentary units have been identified. The stratigraphic relationships between these units provide the evidence needed to reconstruct the geomorphic history of the cave. This history was dominated by water action, including slope wash processes, channel formation, pooling of water, and flowstone precipitation, which created waterfalls, cut-and-fill stratigraphy, large pools of water, and extensive flowstone cappings. The reconstructed sequence of events over the last 190k.yr. has been summarized by a series of time slices that demonstrate the nature of the occupational environment in Liang Bua. The earliest artifacts at the site, dated to approximately 190ka, testify to hominin presence in the area, but the reconstructions suggest that occupation of the cave itself may not have been possible until after approximately 100ka. At approximately 95ka, channel erosion of a basal unit, which displays evidence of deposition in a pond environment, created a greater relief on the cave floor, and formed remanent areas of higher ground that later became a focus for hominin occupation from 74-61ka by the west wall and in the center of the cave, and from approximately 18-17ka by the east wall. These zones have been identified according to the sloping nature of the stratigraphy and the distribution of artifacts, and their locations have implications for the archaeological interpretation of the site.
- Published
- 2009
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9. Early stone technology on Flores and its implications for Homo floresiensis.
- Author
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Brumm A, Aziz F, van den Bergh GD, Morwood MJ, Moore MW, Kurniawan I, Hobbs DR, and Fullagar R
- Subjects
- Animals, Archaeology, Fossils, History, Ancient, Hominidae anatomy & histology, Hominidae classification, Humans, Indonesia, Phylogeny, Rats, Time Factors, Biological Evolution, Hominidae physiology, Technology history
- Abstract
In the Soa Basin of central Flores, eastern Indonesia, stratified archaeological sites, including Mata Menge, Boa Lesa and Kobatuwa (Fig. 1), contain stone artefacts associated with the fossilized remains of Stegodon florensis, Komodo dragon, rat and various other taxa. These sites have been dated to 840-700 kyr bp (thousand years before present). The authenticity of the Soa Basin artefacts and their provenance have been demonstrated by previous work, but to quell lingering doubts, here we describe the context, attributes and production modes of 507 artefacts excavated at Mata Menge. We also note specific similarities, and apparent technological continuity, between the Mata Menge stone artefacts and those excavated from Late Pleistocene levels at Liang Bua cave, 50 km to the west. The latter artefacts, dated to between 95-74 and 12 kyr ago, are associated with the remains of a dwarfed descendent of S. florensis, Komodo dragon, rat and a small-bodied hominin species, Homo floresiensis, which had a brain size of about 400 cubic centimetres. The Mata Menge evidence negates claims that stone artefacts associated with H. floresiensis are so complex that they must have been made by modern humans (Homo sapiens).
- Published
- 2006
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10. Archaeology and age of a new hominin from Flores in eastern Indonesia.
- Author
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Morwood MJ, Soejono RP, Roberts RG, Sutikna T, Turney CS, Westaway KE, Rink WJ, Zhao JX, van den Bergh GD, Due RA, Hobbs DR, Moore MW, Bird MI, and Fifield LK
- Subjects
- Animals, Biological Evolution, Body Constitution, Carbon Radioisotopes, Female, Geography, History, Ancient, Human Activities history, Humans, Indonesia, Predatory Behavior, Reproducibility of Results, Skeleton, Skull, Time Factors, Tooth, Archaeology, Biodiversity, Hominidae classification
- Abstract
Excavations at Liang Bua, a large limestone cave on the island of Flores in eastern Indonesia, have yielded evidence for a population of tiny hominins, sufficiently distinct anatomically to be assigned to a new species, Homo floresiensis. The finds comprise the cranial and some post-cranial remains of one individual, as well as a premolar from another individual in older deposits. Here we describe their context, implications and the remaining archaeological uncertainties. Dating by radiocarbon (14C), luminescence, uranium-series and electron spin resonance (ESR) methods indicates that H. floresiensis existed from before 38,000 years ago (kyr) until at least 18 kyr. Associated deposits contain stone artefacts and animal remains, including Komodo dragon and an endemic, dwarfed species of Stegodon. H. floresiensis originated from an early dispersal of Homo erectus (including specimens referred to as Homo ergaster and Homo georgicus) that reached Flores, and then survived on this island refuge until relatively recently. It overlapped significantly in time with Homo sapiens in the region, but we do not know if or how the two species interacted.
- Published
- 2004
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11. EMIT thyroxine assays on an LKB 2086 reaction rate analyser.
- Author
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Hobbs DR and Davies KW
- Subjects
- Humans, Immunoenzyme Techniques instrumentation, Thyroxine blood
- Published
- 1981
- Full Text
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12. Comparative and developmental studies on 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase and hydroxyproline oxidase.
- Author
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Carnie JA, Rowsell EV, Dabbaghian MK, Hobbs DR, and Rowsell KV
- Subjects
- Aging, Animals, Animals, Newborn, Cats, Cricetinae, Dogs, Female, Ferrets, Fetus, Ketoglutaric Acids metabolism, Kidney enzymology, Kidney growth & development, Liver enzymology, Liver growth & development, Male, Mesocricetus, Mice, Organ Specificity, Pregnancy, Rabbits, Ranidae, Rats, Rats, Inbred Strains, Species Specificity, Swine, Oxidoreductases Acting on CH-NH Group Donors metabolism, Oxo-Acid-Lyases metabolism
- Abstract
1. In rats, liver 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase and hydroxyproline oxidase activities are maximal in the suckling period. 2. Liver activities for 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate aldolase, alanine-glyoxylate aminotransferase, serine-pyruvate aminotransferase and serine dehydratase, but not hydroxyproline oxidase, are increased in rats on a high-fat, carbohydrate-free diet. 3. It is suggested that 4-hydroxy-2-oxoglutarate may be a significant source of glyoxylate for glycine and hence glucose formation. 4. Mammalian liver hydroxyproline oxidase activity is higher in carnivorous species; necessary, perhaps, to metabolise a relatively large influx of hydroxyproline on a flesh diet.
- Published
- 1982
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13. Use of patients' data to control alpha-fetoprotein assays when screening for neural tube defects.
- Author
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Hullin DA, Hobbs DR, and Woodhead JS
- Subjects
- Female, Humans, Pregnancy, Quality Control, Neural Tube Defects blood, Prenatal Diagnosis, alpha-Fetoproteins analysis
- Published
- 1988
14. Trial of strategy for reducing the use of laboratory tests.
- Author
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Fowkes FG, Hall R, Jones JH, Scanlon MF, Elder GH, Hobbs DR, Jacobs A, Cavill IA, and Kay S
- Subjects
- Hematologic Tests statistics & numerical data, Hospitals, Teaching, Humans, United Kingdom, Clinical Laboratory Techniques statistics & numerical data, Health Services, Health Services Misuse
- Abstract
Clinical guidelines and a weekly review of medical records were introduced into a medical unit in a teaching hospital to promote a more discriminating use of laboratory tests. This strategy resulted in an immediate reduction in the average number of requests each week from 74 to 27 haematological tests (64%) and 158 to 58 biochemical tests (64%). During a period of 10 weeks after the strategy was introduced (the intervention period) the mean number of haematological tests for each person decreased from 2.0 during the baseline period to 1.1 (45% reduction; p less than 0.01) and the mean number of biochemical tests decreased from 4.4 to 2.7 (39%; p less than 0.0001). The decrease in the number of repeat requests was greater than that for new requests and accounted for half the reduction in use. There was no significant change in the number of tests requested from an adjacent medical unit that was not exposed to the interventions. This strategy is worthy of trial in other specialties and hospitals, but attention will have to be paid to possible difficulties in sustaining reductions in use over long periods of time.
- Published
- 1986
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15. Extended hemodialysis in short acting barbiturate poisoning: case report.
- Author
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Hudson JB, Dennis AJ Jr, Hobbs DR, and Sussman HC
- Subjects
- Adult, Amitriptyline poisoning, Barbiturates blood, Chlorpromazine poisoning, Female, Humans, Pentobarbital poisoning, Perphenazine poisoning, Positive-Pressure Respiration, Secobarbital poisoning, Suicide, Barbiturates poisoning, Renal Dialysis
- Published
- 1969
- Full Text
- View/download PDF
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