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To compare the difference between primary homoeopathic and conventional paediatric care in treating acute illnesses in children in their first 24 months of life. One hundred eight Indian singleton newborns delivered at 37 to 42 weeks gestation were randomised at birth (1:1) to receive either homoeopathic or conventional primary care for any acute illness over the study period. In the homoeopathic group, conventional medical treatment was added when medically indicated. Clinicians and parents were unblinded. Children in the homoeopathic group experienced significantly fewer sick days than those in the conventional group (RR: 0.37, 95% CI: 0.24–0.58; p < 0.001), with correspondingly fewer sickness episodes (RR: 0.53, 95% CI: 0.32–0.87; p =.013), as well as fewer respiratory illnesses over the 24-month period. They were taller (F (1, 97) = 8.92, p =.004, partial eta squared = 0.84) but not heavier than their conventionally treated counterparts. They required fewer antibiotics, and their treatment cost was lower. Conclusion: Homoeopathy, using conventional medicine as a safety backdrop, was more effective than conventional treatment in preventing sick days, sickness episodes, and respiratory illnesses in the first 24 months of life. It necessitated fewer antibiotics and its overall cost was lower. This study supports homoeopathy, using conventional medicine as a safety backdrop, as a safe and cost-effective primary care modality during the first 2 years of life. Trial registration: Clinical Trial Registry-India (2018/09/015641). https://ctri.nic.in/Clinicaltrials/login.php What is Known: • Due to their holistic nature, many Complementary and Alternative Medical (CAM) modalities are not readily amenable to assessment by head-to-head RCT for a given Indication. • We propose a pragmatic, RCT comparing homoeopathic with conventional medicine as a system. What is New: • Homoeopathic was apparently superior to conventional primary care in preventing sick days, sickness episodes, and respiratory illness episodes and was significantly associated with growth in height but not weight and required fewer antibiotics in children from birth to 24 months of age. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Low back and neck pain are common musculoskeletal disorders with multiple treatment options. India's traditional medical systems, known as Ayush (Ayurveda, Yoga and Naturopathy, Unani, Siddha, Sowa-Rigpa and Homoeopathy) offer range of interventions and are widely used. In view of limited documentation of adverse events following Ayush interventions for lumbar and cervical spondylosis, we synthesized evidence and estimated proportion of studies reporting adverse events. Methods: We systematically searched all published documents from biomedical and multidisciplinary abstract and citation databases and Ayush-specific repositories from their inception to April 2021. We selected studies as per inclusion criteria and extracted information, adhering to PRISMA guidelines. We systematically reviewed the qualitative evidence form the selected studies. Results: Majority (94%) of the selected 113 studies were interventional studies and included 77 (68.1%) journal articles and 35 (31%) academic dissertations. Among the Ayush systems, considerable proportion was from Ayurveda (32.7%), followed by Siddha (24.8%), Yoga (22.1%), Unani (15.9%) and Homoeopathy (4.4%). Almost three-fourths of the studies were on lumbar spondylosis (65%; n = 74), followed by cervical spondylosis (31%; n = 35), and the remaining four included both. Thirteen percent of the 113 studies described adverse events [Yoga = 9.7%; Unani = 1.8% and Homoeopathy = 1.8%]. More adverse events were reported among the studies on lumbar (9.7%) than cervical spondylosis (2.7%). The nature of interventions were non-pharmacological (10.6%; n = 12), pharmacological (n = 2; 1.8%) or combined (n = 1; 0.9%). Conclusions: Only one in eight studies reported any adverse event following Ayush interventions for cervical and lumbar spondylosis. There could be certain degree of underreporting of adverse events and requires further exploration. PROSPERO Registration ID CRD42020167433. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Food allergies represent a significant health challenge, affecting millions and often resulting in complex, multisystem symptoms. While conventional treatments emphasize allergen avoidance and symptomatic relief, homoeopathy offers an individualized approach, aiming to modulate immune responses and address the underlying hypersensitivity. This article explores theoretical mechanisms by which homoeopathic remedies might alleviate food allergies, focusing on immune modulation, low-dose hormetic effects, epigenetic regulation, and neuroimmune interactions. Although clinical research remains limited, emerging hypotheses suggest that homoeopathy may support immune tolerance and symptom relief by leveraging individualized treatments that consider physical, emotional, and psychological dimensions. As scientific advancements in immunology and nanotechnology continue, these mechanisms may provide a basis for integrating homoeopathy as a complementary approach in holistic allergy management. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Insomnia is experiencing unsatisfactory sleep, typically characterised by difficulties initiating or maintaining sleep. Individuals with insomnia are dissatisfied with their sleep quality and perceive it as hindering their ability to perform well in work, school and social settings. The common symptoms of insomnia include fatigue, decreased mood, irritability, general discomfort and cognitive difficulties. On the other hand, stress results from emotional or physical tension triggered by various events that can make a person feel frustrated, angry or anxious. Stress is the body's response to a challenge or demand, accompanied by the release of hormones. The specific physiological response to stress depends on factors such as the type of stress, the individual's characteristics, their neuroendocrine system and the combination of these elements, collectively determining how the brain and body react to a particular stressor. The activation of the hypothalamic–pituitary–adrenal axis is a response mechanism triggered by stress. Disturbed sleep, particularly insomnia, is a common side effect of stress, varying in intensity. Sleep plays a crucial role in maintaining both physical and mental well-being, making the physiological connections between sleep and stress vital in understanding the development of stress-induced pathophysiology. Current treatments for insomnia include cognitive behavioural therapy, improving sleep hygiene and employing psychological and pharmacological interventions. However, these approaches aim to improve insomnia symptoms rather than address its underlying cause. In the context of homoeopathy, the concept of constitution refers to an individual's unique structure, composition, nature and physical makeup, influenced by both inherited qualities and environmental factors. Therefore, it is essential to individualise each case and administer a simillimum remedy, the remedy most likely to restore health, and achieve complete healing according to homoeopathic principles. This review explores the physiological and neuroendocrine changes that occur due to the interplay between stress and the development of insomnia.

Background: Arnica montana and Bellis perennis are two medicinal plants that are thought to accelerate bone repair in homoeopathic literature. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent stem cells with the ability to differentiate and regenerate bone or osteogenesis. Hence, we aimed to determine the role of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis on the osteogenic differentiation of the C3H10T1/2 stem cell line. Methods and Results: The cell proliferation of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis was evaluated by MTT assay. Osteogenic differentiation of C3H10T1/2 was induced by the addition of β-glycerophosphate, ascorbic acid and dexamethasone in the differentiation medium over 3 weeks. Cells were treated with Arnica montana and Bellis perennis individually as well as in combination. The osteogenic differentiation potential of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis to differentiate C3H10T1/2 into osteoblasts was measured by alkaline phosphatase activity, alizarin red staining and the expression of Osteocalcin using immunostaining and qRT-PCR. Arnica montana and Bellis perennis could enhance C3H10T1/2 cell proliferation at 1600 µg. Further, the compound showed the ability to augment osteogenesis as confirmed by increased expression of alkaline phosphatase and enhanced calcium accumulation as seen by the Alizarin Red staining and quantification. Enhanced osteogenesis was further supported by the increased expression of osteocalcin in the treated cells with individual and combined doses of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis. Therefore, the findings provide additional support for the positive impact of Arnica montana and Bellis perennis on bone formation. Conclusions: Our findings suggest that homoeopathic compounds Arnica montana and Bellis perennis can augment osteogenesis individually as well as in combination. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Echinacea angustifolia due to its antibacterial properties is routinely used in homoeopathy for treating blood poisoning and upper respiratory tract infections. In this study Echinacea angustifolia mouthwash was used to reduce the pain and bacterial growth in patients with pharyngitis. Methods and materials: 15 patients suffering from pharyngitis were selected, and were prescribed the Echinacea angustifolia aqueous mouth wash. The patients were advised to rinse their mouth: twice a day for four days. We collected throat swabs, before and after intervention for culturing the bacteria. We estimated the magnitude of the pain due to pharyngitis using the verbal analog pain scale, and used this data for assessing whether the mouth wash is effective in reducing the pain. We performed paired t test to prove the effectiveness. Result: We found no evidence of anti-bacterial activity against any bacteria cultured from the patients, (p>0.05). Nevertheless, we found the evidence of mouth wash reducing the pain due to pharyngitis. The mean value of the pain reduced from 6.23 to 0.93. (p<0.001). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

To strengthen the health care services, it is important to know the patients' satisfaction about the quality of health care they are getting exposed to, in different modes of treatment. There are a few studies on the topic but are mostly related to modern medicine. It is desirable to make such efforts in other systems of medicine in view of recent emphasis of the Govt of India for the use of AYUSH. The present paper aims to present findings of a pilot study examining the usefulness of 12-item Japanese short-term self-administered questionnaire and the level of patient satisfaction following homoeopathic healthcare encounters. The pilot study was conducted in the OPD (outpatient department) of Bakson Homoeopathic Medical College & Hospital, Greater Noida (BHMC&H) to understand and estimate patients' satisfaction related to health care service. The study was cross-sectional of 81 newly enrolled patients in the Hospital's OPDs by using a bilingual 12-Item Japanese short form self-administered consultation questionnaire. The questionnaire appeared to be reliable and valid. The internal consistency scores of Cronbach's Alpha range between 0.62 - 0.93. Most of the patients have given positive feedback in favour of all the dimensions/subscales related to patient's care. It is recommended to conduct further longitudinal surveys with greater sample size in an AYUSH health care set up as being emphasized by the present national programme effort. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Dysfunctional uterine bleeding (DUB) is a prevalent condition affecting women during their reproductive years. It is characterized by irregular or abnormal menstrual bleeding patterns and can significantly impact a woman's quality of life. Studies suggest it affects around 1 in 5 women during their reproductive years. Homoeopathic approach can prove to be efficient in successfully treating and managing cases of DUB. Aims and Objectives: This study was aimed to critically evaluate the existing evidence on the efficacy of homoeopathy in treating DUB. Specific outcome parameters, therapeutic approach, criteria for assessment and treatment outcomes were noted and compared having variable impact in cases of DUB. Methods: A comprehensive literature search was conducted through databases like PubMed and Google Scholar. Search criteria was focused on targeting analysis from randomized controlled trials (RCTs), clinical studies, observational studies and case reports. Results: 6 articles having an in-depth relation to action of homeopathy on DUB were identified. It included one (01) randomized controlled trial, one (01) experimental study, one (01) prospective and observational study, one (01) prospective clinical study and two (02) case reports. All studies were obtained from peer-reviewed journals. Conclusion: This study aimed at contributing valuable insights into the current state of knowledge regarding homoeopathy's role in managing DUB and exploring the need for enhanced value-based research in the field of homoeopathy. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Consequent to the changing lifestyle, the incidence of urinary calculus is emerging as one of the alarming problems around the globe. Apart from modern management, homoeopathy provides an alternative and effective means for its management. In this case series, six successfully treated cases of urinary calculi are presented which shows how the potentized homoeopathic medicine Berberis vulgaris (Berb-v) is effective in expelling and mitigating urinary calculi. Case summary: After proper case taking Berb-v in diluted and potentised form was prescribed specifically in six diagnosed cases. They were followed up for varying periods of 15 to 20 days intervals after first enrolment. Calculi were expelled with a diminution of symptoms. However, systematically planned randomized control trials and other basic research are needed to evaluate and explore the effectiveness of Berb-v in urinary calculi. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a prevalent and debilitating chronic condition, affecting approximately 1-2% of the population. It is characterized by systemic inflammation and primarily targets the flexible, synovial joints, leading to symptoms such as joint swelling, stiffness, pain, and reduced functionality. Aim/Objective: This review aims to explore the role of homeopathic interventions in the management of RA, focusing on the potential benefits of homeopathic consultations in improving patient outcomes and well-being. Specifically, the objective is to investigate how homeopathy, as a holistic approach to healthcare, addresses the multifaceted nature of RA and its impact on patients' lives. Methodology: A comprehensive search of electronic databases including PubMed, SCOPUS, and Google Scholar was conducted to identify relevant literature on homeopathic treatments for RA. Keywords such as 'Rheumatoid arthritis,' 'Homeopathy,' and related terms were utilized. Result: The initial database search yielded a substantial number of records, from which relevant studies were selected based on predefined inclusion criteria. After screening for duplicates and applying exclusion criteria, a total of 13 studies were included in the review. These studies encompassed RCT, Observational studies, randomized open-label interventional Studies, In Vitro studies, and clinical trials, providing insights into the potential benefits of homeopathy in RA management. Conclusion: Homeopathy shows promise as an adjunctive therapy for RA, considering the holistic nature of the disease. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Fibrous dysplasia is a typically benign bone lesion characterized by intramedullary fibro-osseous proliferation secondary to altered osteogenesis which can be present in monostotic and polyostotic. The polyostotic form is often present in childhood. Multiple fibrous dysplasia, cutaneous pigmentation, and endocrine abnormalities may be present (Albright syndrome or McCune-Albright syndrome). Incidence has been estimated at 1 in 5,000 to 10,000. We present a Case of a 6-year-old female patient who came with a previously diagnosed of fibrous dysplasia and has already had surgery, but the complaint persists. This patient was treated with the homoeopathic medicine, Symphytum 200c. After the administration of Symphytum 200c, the patient showed a remarkable improvement in her condition and her recovery was complete which was assessed by radiological findings. This case underscores the potential therapeutic effects of Symphytum 200c in managing fibrous dysplasia, offering a promising avenue for patients with persistent symptoms despite conventional treatment modalities. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A scoping study was conducted to evaluate the potential of agrohomoeopathy, an innovative agricultural approach introduced by Dutch homoeopath Dr. V. D. Kaviraj in 1986. This method employs homoeopathic principles to promote organic farming and eliminate chemical inputs in crop production. The study reviewed 76 research articles published from 1994 to the present, focusing on their impact on crop development, pathogenic diseases, and stress conditions. Only English-language articles with experimental designs were included. The findings indicate that agrohomoeopathy has demonstrated considerable promise in enhancing crop yield, managing pests and diseases, and enhancing soil quality. However, the review also identified several limitations such as methodological flaws and a lack of standardization across studies. Despite these challenges, most of the studies reported positive effects. One of the key recommendations arising from the study is the establishment of standardized practices and guidelines for conducting agrohomoeopathy experiments. This would not only address the noted limitations but also facilitate the transition from conventional to agroecological farming practices. Such a transition holds the potential for significant cost savings and positive impacts on human health. The study contributes valuable insights to the scientific discourse surrounding organic and ecofriendly approaches in agriculture. By laying the groundwork for further research and implementation, it paves the way for the widespread adoption of agrohomoeopathy as a sustainable agricultural practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Cough is a major symptom of respiratory and some non-respiratory ailments for which patients usually seek primary medical care. Homoeopathy is frequently used for treatment of chronic cough. Objective: This study aims to assess whether homoeopathy is useful for treating chronic cough resulting from Upper airway cough syndrome (UACS), Asthma and related syndromes, or Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD). Study Design: A multi-centre, prospective, observational cohort study was design. Study setting: The study was conducted in the outpatient departments of 10 centres of Central Council for Research in Homoeopathy, India from May 2018 - June 2020. Patients: The study enrolled patients of any gender, between 7-65 years of age, presenting cough lasting >8 weeks. Main Outcome Measure(s): Cough Severity Index (CSI) and EQ-5D-5L scales were used to analyse the outcomes. Results: Out of 2397 patients screened, only 706 cases with minimum four follow ups were studied on modified Intention to Treat (mITT) basis. The outcomes of the study were analysed by CSI and EQ-5D-5L scores. The mean of the CSI score at baseline was 19.09 while it reduced to 3.89 in the eighth follow-up with p value p-value<0.05. Phosphorus, Arsenic album, Pulsatilla, Sulphur, Lycopodium and Silica were found to be the most often prescribed medicines. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) also named Gastro-oesophageal reflux disease (GORD) is a common condition characterized by stomach contents flowing into the esophagus, causing distressing symptoms and potential complications. GERD is primarily linked to lower esophageal sphincter dysfunction, and its symptoms can impact quality of life. Treatment options include lifestyle changes, medications, and surgery, with concerns about prolonged medication use. Homeopathy is a complementary approach gaining recognition and interest as an alternative to conventional orally administered drugs for GERD. Aim/Objective: This review examines the clinical evaluation of homeopathic treatments for GERD, highlighting their potential role by analysing existing clinical studies. Methodology: We conducted a comprehensive database search for clinical studies RCT, open label, retrospective, perspective, and observational studies on homeopathic treatments for GERD, adhering to inclusion criteria related to homeopathy in GERD treatment. Results: Six clinical studies were identified which included 1 open label, 3 retrospective, 1 perspective and 1 observational study. Renu Mittal's study demonstrated significant symptom improvement and enhanced quality of life with homeopathic treatment. Dr. Leena Dighe's study reinforced the effectiveness of homeopathic medicines in GERD, Acid-Peptic Disorder (APD), and irritable bowel syndrome (IBS), while Sitharthan's retrospective analysis supported the potential of homeopathy for gastrointestinal disorders. A study exploring Robinia pseudoacacia in GERD treatment showed positive results. Conclusion: These studies suggest the potential of homeopathic treatments in managing GERD and related gastrointestinal disorders. These findings encourage future studies and applications of homeopathic interventions in GERD management. Further research, including randomized trials, is needed to solidify homeopathy's role in gastroenterological care. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article delves into the realm of homeopathy, scrutinizing its potential through a comprehensive exploration of systematic review and meta-analysis procedures. The objective is to provide a nuanced understanding of the advantages and disadvantages associated with these research methodologies in the context of homeopathic studies. Through a detailed examination, the article aims to shed light on the reliability and validity of evidence generated through systematic reviews and meta-analyses within the realm of homeopathy. By weighing the pros and cons, this study contributes to the ongoing discourse surrounding the efficacy and credibility of homeopathic treatments, offering valuable insights for researchers, practitioners, and healthcare professionals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Homoeopathic medicines have the potential to treat patients suffering from cancers, Diabetic Retinopathy, and hemorrhagic disorders wherein anti-angiogenesis plays a vital role. Homoeopathic medicines have been used to treat hemorrhagic disorders. For example, Hamamelis is used in hemorrhages, varicose veins and venous congestion. Thalaspi bursa is used in the flabby conditions of uterus, hemorrhagic conditions of uterine fibroid. This being said, action of homoeopathic medicines remains unknown. Therefore, this study was intended to establish the angiogenic/anti-angiogenic effect of the selected homoeopathic medicines employing chick embryo model. Objective: To test toxicity and study the antiangiogenic properties of selected homoeopathic medicines employing YSM assay in the chick embryo model. Materials and Method: Yolk Sac Membrane is widely utilized as an in vivo system to study angiogenesis and anti-angiogenesis. The images for all YSMs were captured and analyzed for angiogenic/anti-angiogenic effect. Results: Significant antiangiogenic effects were observed at 10% concentrations of Hamamelis 200cH, Thalaspi bursa 200cH and Thalaspi bursa 1M. The reduction in vessel density and total vascular network length, total branching points, total networks and total segment symbolizes that these drugs have antiangiogenic potential and therefore may assist in the treatment of menstrual disorders, which are followed by cramps and discharge of clots. Conclusion: The action of selected homoeopathic medicines as anti-angiogenic agents is proven and can be used to combat various diseases like hemorrhages, varicose veins, in venous congestion, and problems related to hemorrhagic disorders. This will further help to study the action of these Homoeopathic medicines as a potential line of treatment in patient suffering from cancers, Diabetic Retinopathy, and hemorrhagic disorders wherein anti-angiogenesis plays a vital role. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Introduction: Dysmenorrhea, or painful menstruation, affects a substantial portion of women worldwide, with prevalence rates reaching up to 67 to 90% among young women. This condition, characterized by intense lower abdominal cramps and associated symptoms, has a significant impact on women's quality of life. Conventional treatments like non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) have limitations, leading many to explore alternative therapies such as homeopathy. Objective: This article reviews the effects of homeopathic treatments on dysmenorrhea patients and examines seven studies conducted in this context. Methods: Studies which meet the specific required criteria; involving dysmenorrhea and Homoeopathy and being published in peer-reviewed English-language scientific journals were only included. Various parameters, such as disease intensity scales, the Menstrual Distress Questionnaire (MDQ), the Pain Rating Scale (PRS), the Visual Analogue Scale (VAS), and quality of life (QoL) using the World Health Organization Quality of Life: Brief Version (WHOQOL-BREF) scale, numerical rating scale (NRS), and verbal multidimensional scoring system (VMSS), were evaluated. The results before and after treatment with homoeopathic high dilutions have been compared and summarized. Results: Clinical analysis and statistical data of reviewed studies reveal homeopathic high dilutions as effective for Primary Dysmenorrhea, reducing pain (VAS), improving quality of life (WHOQOL), and demonstrating safety, emphasizing their holistic potential. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article examines the medical life of a native physician who embraced homoeopathy despite being trained in the dominant pathy i.e. allopathy at the prestigious Calcutta Medical College in the 1860s. Mahendralal Sarkar, the physician in focus, was one of the first famous converts to homoeopathy. His seeking of an alternative option created space and legitimacy for homoeopathy. Through the journal Calcutta Journal of Medicine that Sarkar founded, he, with great ability, asserted and defended his right as a physician to decide in favour of homoeopathy. Sarkar gradually established himself as an accomplished homoeopath and was recognised as an important public figure of Calcutta. The odds and opposition he faced convinced him to embark on a great task of the cultivation of science as, in his view, the inculcation of the spirit of science was the need of the day to break the orthodoxy and mitigate prejudices of the medical profession and society at large. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homoeopathy is a holistic system of medicine that has gained popularity worldwide due to its gentle and natural approach to healing. Homoeopathic remedies are prepared by serially diluting a substance in water or alcohol and succussing it vigorously at each step. This process is believed to enhance the healing properties of the substance while minimizing any potential toxicity. The substances used in Homoeopathy can be derived from various sources, with medicinal plants being a significant category. One of the fundamental principles of Homoeopathy is the use of highly diluted substances derived from various sources, including medicinal plants. This review article explores the role of medicinal plants in Homoeopathic medicines, shedding light on the historical context, preparation methods, and clinical applications. It suggests that the review might delve into the historical context of using medicinal plants in Homoeopathy, detailing how these plants have been integrated into the system over time. Additionally, we discuss the scientific evidence supporting the use of plant-based Homoeopathic remedies and their potential for enhancing healthcare. It highlights the potential role of these remedies in enhancing healthcare, possibly by integrating traditional and complementary medicine approaches into the broader healthcare system. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homoeopathy is a system of medicine based on the law of similars “let like be cured by like”. This means that any substance with the capacity of producing disease in its crude state has the capacity to treat a similar disease if taken in a very small dose. Homeopathic Nosodes are homoeopathic remedies sourced from diseased materials and organisms. Homoeopathic nosodes may be used to treat and prevent infectious and non-infectious diseases. The incidence of infectious diseases epidemics is now occurring more often around the world. The common public threat includes the emergence of antibiotic resistance which is increasing globally. Contributing factors of this emergence are linked to underlying biological, and environmental issues, lifestyle changes, misuse, and overprescribing of antibiotics. Despite strengthening health infrastructure, every epidemic and multi-drug resistance bacterium poses a challenge to the government, policymakers, health professionals, and the whole population. This article will review data available on homoeopathic nosodes, as well as present evidence that is available to support the use of homoeopathic nosodes in disease prevention and treatment. It also highlights several clinical trials and in vitro studies on the use of homoeopathy to target health issues that have the potential to harm public health and possibly assist in reducing healthcare costs.

The India is an agriculture-based country, infection by microorganisms such as fungi, bacteria, or other lower-class organisms is a major issue for obtaining a high-quality crop, and it will have an impact on both the quality and quantity of production. The ergot is one of the common diseases seen in cereal crop caused by fungus Claviceps purpurea, and Secale cornutum is a homoeopathic medicine prepared from Claviceps purpurea fungus infected rye plants. Homoeopathy is a science originated on the principle of "Similia Similibus Curenture" and by application of this principle; authors have conducted in vitro study with an aim to check the efficacy of the homoeopathic drug Secale cornutum against the fungal infection Claviceps purpurea. Potato Dextrose Agar (PDA) mixed with distilled water and slightly heated the mixture through water bath to mix it well, then 13 PDA agar plate was prepared, out of which 4 duplicate plates were prepared for various potencies (Q, 30C, 200C, 1M) of Hom. Medicine Secale cornutum . Four agar plates and their four duplicates were treated with homoeopathic medicine Secale cornutum with potencies of Q, 30C, 200C, 1M. A serial dilution of active control fungicide crapton was prepared with 1ml of water of 10-1, 10-2, 10-3, 10-4, 10-5 and 10-6 out of which three agar plates were treated with serial dilution of active control of 10-1, 10-3, and 10-6. One plate was treated with alcohol and one plate for negative control. Optimum density (OD) of fungus culture was prepared and 50 mules of 1 OD was diffused with each agar plate. To observe the zone of inhibition three wells of 8mm diameter were inserted in each plate, and kept those at 25°C in incubator for 72 hrs. In this research, only the serial dilutions of active control crapton 10-1 and 10-3 showed zones of inhibition of 38mm and 26mm, respectively, but none of the potencies (Q, 30C, 200C, 1M) of homoeopathic medicine Secale cornutum, showed any zone of inhibition. Inhibition and /or control of the infection using of homoeopathic medicine was our prime objective so we have explored antifungal activity of various potency Q, 30C, 200C, and 1M of Secale cornutum. It will take more researches to find out another homoeopathic medicine having antifungal activity on pathogenesis of Claviceps purpure. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The long-term consequences of COVID-19 survivors care and post-coronavirus infection are not yet well understood. The review aims to see whether homoeopathy can help COVID-19 survivors recover from its consequences and improve their quality of life. A systematic search of published articles for post-COVID sequelae and the impact of Homoeopathy were conducted. For the literature search, the major electronic bio-medical database PubMed/MEDLINE was used. In addition, supplementary searches were conducted through the references of those published articles. A total of 113 records were identified of which 61 studies included for this review. Homoeopathy is effective in the treatment of mental disorders including anxiety and depressive disorder (ADD), some research studies have found, although systematic reviews disagree. Likewise, some medical societies denounce homoeopathy for pain management; other literature shows that it can be used to treat pain effectively. Homoeopathy can aid in the treatment of cardiovascular diseases, as Crataegus, a homoeopathic medication, was found to be just as effective as a standard angiotensin-converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitor and diuretic treatment for minor cardiac insufficiency. The outcomes for Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (CFS), Influenza, and Acute Respiratory Tract Infections (ARTIs) are also promising. Based on the results of homoeopathy in non-COVID conditions, it can be thought of in the management of post-COVID-19 outcomes. Consequently, we propose that while investigating post-COVID-19 patient rehabilitation, homoeopathic management may be included as part of the follow-up route and as much data as possible in the context of homoeopathy should be collected, so that in future, the role of homoeopathy in dealing with it can be better demonstrated. – The long-term consequences of post coronavirus infections are poorly understood. –The Aim of this review is to understand how Homoeopathy may aid COVID 19 survivors in regaining function and improving their quality of life. – Based on non-COVID conditions, Homoeopathy has the potential to play an important role in the treatment of post-COVID 19 survivor complaints such as psychiatric illness, pain management, fatigue syndrome, and cardiovascular complications. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homoeopathy is a system of medicine based on the law of similars 'let likes be cured by likes'. This means that any substance with the capacity for producing disease in its crude state has the capacity to treat a similar disease if taken in a very small dose. Homeopathic nosodes are homoeopathic remedies sourced from diseased materials and organisms. Homoeopathic nosodes may be used to treat and prevent infectious and non-infectious diseases. The incidence of infectious disease epidemics is now occurring more often around the world. This common public threat includes the emergence of antibiotic resistance which is an increasingly global issue. Contributing factors of this emergence are linked to underlying biological and environmental issues, lifestyle changes, and the misuse and overprescribing of antibiotics. Despite strengthening health infrastructure, every epidemic and multi-drug resistance bacterium poses a challenge to the government, policymakers, health professionals, and the whole population. This article will review data available on homoeopathic nosodes as well as present evidence that is available to support the use of homoeopathic nosodes in disease prevention and treatment. It also highlights several clinical trials and in vitro studies on the use of homoeopathy to target health issues that have the potential to harm public health and those that could possibly assist in reducing healthcare costs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Schizophrenia is a mental condition not only affecting routine of daily life but also the Quality of life with devastating consequences for affected individuals and their families. This review aims to detect the scope of homoeopathy in the management of schizophrenia. A search is done in search engines of Google Scholar, PubMed, Cochrane, CINAHL PsycINFO, Hom-Inform, etc in the English language from anytime. Identified articles on homoeopathy in schizophrenia is collected and summarised in this review. Though studies are scarce, the available data shows scope for future research in homoeopathy in schizophrenia. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Emotional and behavioural disorders are very common in childhood and adolescence. Homoeopathy is an alternative system of medicine which has a potential role in Child and Adolescent Psychiatry (CAP). Objectives: To identify, summarize and disseminate research findings that could assess the role of Homoeopathy in CAP. Materials and Methods: Three electronic databases PubMed, Cochrane and Google scholar are searched for publications on childhood behavioural disorders in peer-reviewed, indexed journals. Articles published on Homoeopathy and CAP from 2000 to 2022 are included. An explicit systematic search strategy included web-based keyword searches. The collected information has been collated, summarized, and the results are presented in tables and charts according to key themes. Results: The research studies varied widely in all aspects such as design, conduct, intervention and outcome reporting. 56 eligible publications, (Both quantitative and qualitative) are identified on different clinical conditions in CAP. Individual sources of data are critically appraised and findings are discussed in terms of implications for gaps in research. Conclusions: There is a limited evidence base for the utility of Homoeopathy in CAP, although existing evidence shows positive findings. Our review emphasizes the paucity of studies in other CAP disorders such as Intellectual disability, Learning disability, Conduct disorder, Childhood depression and Anxiety disorders etc. which is the domain of future research. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Conduct disorder (CD) and associated antisocial behaviour is one of the most common behavioural problems in children and young people that lead to a considerable burden for the patients themselves, their families and society. There is a scarcity of literature on the effectiveness of homoeopathic medicines in childhood psychiatric disorders such as CD. Summary of cases: 10 children diagnosed as CD, five each from Child Psychiatry OPD and Peripheral camp at a Children's home were treated with individualized homoeopathic medicines. All the cases were assessed at baseline and successive visits with Conduct Disorder Rating Scale (CDRS)- Parent version and the results are summarized. There was a marked reduction of disruptive behaviour and an improvement in the general condition of the children. Conclusion: The analysis of 10 cases generates a shred of preliminary evidence for the usefulness of individualized homoeopathic medicines in the management of CDs. Studies with appropriate designs are indispensable to corroborate the evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: The scientific community has used the Zebrafish (Danio rerio) model significantly more often which adheres to the 3Rs (replacement, reduction, and refinement) philosophy. Thus, by substituting Zebrafish for mammals in research, it is possible to decrease the use of those animals and address issues with their welfare. This study aims to explore the scope of the Zebrafish model for research in homeopathy. Methodology: Data was collected from various databases such as Scopus, Science Direct, Web of Science, PubMed, Research Gate, and Google Scholar, to identify preclinical studies examining the effects of Homoeopathic formulations on the variance of diseases in Zebrafish. The 11 qualified manuscripts were included for analysis after the identified publications were reviewed in accordance with inclusion and exclusion criteria. Results: A systematic search of the databases retrieved 11 studies screened for eligibility after duplicates were removed. A total of 11 articles were assessed with a total of 08 meeting the inclusion criteria and included in the scoping review. Conclusion: Zebrafish was revealed to be an ideal model for homoeopathic science to investigate various aspects of human ailments such as toxicity, genetics, behavior, and bone diseases. Additionally, researchers can use Zebrafish to discover novel therapies and preventive measures for a range of human ailments. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background and aims: Molluscum contagiosum (MC) is a common infectious dermatosis of viral origin predominantly seen in the pediatric age group and in immune-deficient individuals. Clinically, MC is characterized by the presence of firm, dome-shaped papules with shiny and umbilicated surfaces. The treatment of MC is highly controversial as it is a self-limiting disease with conventional treatments lacking sufficient evidence regarding their effectiveness and is known to cause pain, inconvenience, hypopigmentation, hyperpigmentation, and scarring. No treatment has led to certain complications including inflammation, pruritus, dermatitis, and secondary bacterial infection. Hence, there is a need to find gentler, holistic solutions for the treatment of MC. Homoeopathic treatments are based on the core principle of rapid, gentle, and permanent cures achieved in a holistic manner. A case series of MC is hereby presented, to demonstrate the effectiveness of Individualized homoeopathic remedies in the treatment of MC. Methods: Three cases of children with MC were treated with individualized Homeopathic medicines. Each case was followed up with clinical and photographic evidence and was reported according to the criteria set out in the HOM-CASE guidelines. The causal attribution of the Homeopathic treatment effect was assessed using the Modified Naranjo Criteria. Results: A marked improvement was observed in all three cases of MC with a complete disappearance of the eruptions without any recurrence. All cases improved within three months of treatment. The Modified Naranjo Criteria total score was +9/13 for each case, which indicates a positive causal attribution of homeopathy in relieving the symptoms of MC. Conclusion: This case series suggests a significant role of individualized homeopathic medicines in the treatment of Molluscum contagiosum by complete removal of external eruptions on the skin through internal medication. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Building skills in scientific reasoning and critical thinking among medical students is an integral part of the profession. However, less participation and disinterest in research have been observed in undergraduate homoeopathic students. So, to assess the change in attitude towards research through research orientation training, this study was conducted. A study material devised on the concepts of research methodology and significance of the research; termed as the Self-developed Research Attitude Training (SRAT), was used. The SRAT training was carried out for 3 days in 2021 and 2022 for the students of 2nd BHMS, 3rd BHMS, and 4th BHMS. Research Aptitude Questionnaire (RAQ) was developed for the assessment and the students were asked to fill the specific set of RAQ questionnaires pre-SRAT and post-SRAT. The change in mean scores of RAQ in all the batches was found to be statistically significant (P<0.05). It is evident that the lack of orientation and motivation in students towards research can be improved through regular and problem-based learning methods in the classroom all the academic levels. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Hahnemann was always at great pains to emphasis the importance of causative factors in the environment-both physical & emotional which could be held responsible for development of illness. According to homoeopathy, mind, body and soul are trinity of life. So along with exciting and maintaining causes, there is need of studying the psycho - somatic correlations. As in many clinical cases, the state of mother during pregnancy leading to skin condition in child is noted. Aim and Objective: To study the various clinical presentations of Pyoderma. To examine time of occurrence & observe whether it is in antecedence with the onset of pyoderma i.e., to establishes the precipitating factors of pyoderma. To observe the socio-economical scenario of the patient's life to establish the maintaining causes of pyoderma. To understand the susceptibility and to establish the role of miasms. Material And Methods: Detailed case study to understand patient as a person & the focus will be on the life space of the child, the parents' mental state before conception, mother's state during pregnancy, his interactions with people around him both inside & outside family; possible causative events and classifying them into precipitating, exciting & maintaining causes. Result: In all the 30 cases no psychological cause has been found. So we can postulate that pyoderma is predominantly a physical disease where the predisposing maintaining and precipitating causes play a vital role. Conclusion: As prescription was based mainly on the symptoms exhibited, recurrence and understanding of susceptibility, the most frequently used potency, were moderate, in frequent repetition (80%). [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Homoeopathy is commonly recognised as pseudoscience. However, there is, to date, no systematic discussion that seeks to establish this view. In this paper, we try to fill this gap. We explain the nature of homoeopathy, discuss the notion of pseudoscience, and provide illustrative examples from the literature indicating why homoeopathy fits the bill. Our argument contains a conceptual and an empirical part. In the conceptual part, we introduce the premise that a doctrine qualifies as a pseudoscience if, firstly, its proponents claim scientific standing for it and, secondly, if they produce bullshit to defend it, such that, unlike science, it cannot be viewed as the most reliable knowledge on its topic. In the empirical part, we provide evidence that homoeopathy fulfils both criteria. The first is quickly established since homoeopaths often explicitly claim scientificity. To establish the second, we dive into the pseudo-academic literature on homoeopathy to provide evidence of bullshit in the arguments of homoeopaths. Specifically, we show that they make bizarre ontological claims incompatible with natural science, illegitimately shift the burden of proof to sceptics, and mischaracterise, cherry-pick, and misreport the evidence. Furthermore, we demonstrate that they reject essential parts of established scientific methodology and use epistemically unfair strategies to immunise their doctrine against recalcitrant evidence. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Dr. Christian Friedrich Samuel Hahnemann (1755) was the visionary founder of homoeopathy, a system of medicine that emerged amidst the orthodox practices of his time. This biography traces Hahnemann's journey from a curious scholar in Meissen to a pivotal figure in global healthcare. His relentless questioning and experimentation led to the development of homoeopathy, grounded in the principles of "like cures like" and potentization. Hahnemann challenged prevailing medical norms, emphasizing individualized treatment and minimal dosing, significantly influencing modern healthcare. Despite considerable opposition, his innovations established a new medical paradigm that inspires practitioners and patients today. This paper explores Hahnemann's early life, education, homoeopathy's rise, key innovations, and enduring legacy. His commitment to original thinking and perseverance birthed homoeopathy and transformed approaches to medicine, highlighting its holistic focus and individualized care. Hahnemann is recognized as a pioneer in compassionate healthcare., Competing Interests: Conflicts of interest: In compliance with the ICMJE uniform disclosure form, all authors declare the following: Payment/services info: All authors have declared that no financial support was received from any organization for the submitted work. Financial relationships: All authors have declared that they have no financial relationships at present or within the previous three years with any organizations that might have an interest in the submitted work. Other relationships: All authors have declared that there are no other relationships or activities that could appear to have influenced the submitted work., (Copyright © 2024, Patil et al.)

Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD) is a disruptive behavioural disorder in which a child displays a pattern of an angry mood, defiant or combative behaviour, and vindictiveness toward people in authority. The child's behaviour often disrupts their daily routine, including activities within the family and at school. An 18-year-old male reported in the Out Patient Department with symptoms of anger and vindictiveness. The consultant psychiatrist diagnosed it as a case of Oppositional Defiant Disorder (ODD). Disruptive Behaviour Disorder Rating Scale (DBDRS) – ODD items was used to assess the severity of the disease. Modified Naranjo Criteria was used to assess whether the changes were likely to be associated with the homoeopathic intervention. Overall improvement was noticed clinically. DBDRS score was 22 at the time of admission. Sepia 200 was selected as the individualized homeopathic medicine. His symptoms got improved and he was discharged. DBDRS score was reduced to 0 at the end of 16 months. Individualized homoeopathic treatment has shown a positive role for the management and treatment of disruptive behavioural disorder. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The government of India in its 72nd year of the republic had drafted the new bill entitled "New Drugs, Medical Devices and Cosmetics Bill 2022" which seeks to replace the existing "Drugs and Cosmetics Act, 1940". Earlier in this Act, Chapter V mentions the support of regulatory authorities for Ayurveda, Siddha, and Unani drug. However, the new draft of the bill includes Sowa Rigpa and Homoeopathic drugs and proposes to develop new innovative drugs by establishing their scientific research board. Owing to the new suggestions put forth in this new draft an opinion is addressed in this letter concerned with quality standards, drug-proving trials, safety standards, and efficacy standards for homeopathic drugs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Psychological fragility caused to human life has been the largest aftermath of the pandemic posing a raised public health concern globally. This psychological impact is identified as Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder (PTSD) which was the most commonly diagnosed psychological disorder during this pandemic. These cases, if left untreated and unidentified may take a devastating transformation into psychotic disorders and cause gross damage to the individual and the community by disrupting human relations. Aims: Keeping in view the beneficial role of homoeopathy in dealing with psychological disorders based on its philosophy and previous studies, a clinical case series of 10 PTSD cases successfully treated with homoeopathy during this pandemic is presented here. Methods: 10 cases of PTSD consulted during the first wave of the pandemic diagnosed based on the clinical picture analogous to PTSD cluster symptomatology from the Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders-5 (DSM-5) and objectively through Clinician-Administered PTSD Scale for DSM-5 (CAPS-5) were treated with homoeopathic intervention. Homoeopathic medicine was prescribed based on the totality of each case through repertorization and in consultation with the sourcebooks of Homoeopathic Materia Medica (HMM). The cases were followed monthly for clinical improvement and every three months using the CAPS-5 score. The outcome was assessed after six months clinically and objectively through the CAPS-5 score. At the end of one year, further, to assess the causal attribution of clinical outcomes to homoeopathic intervention, a validated MONARCH (Modified Naranjo Criteria for Homoeopathy) tool was utilized. Results: The 10 diagnosed PTSD cases showed marked improvement assessed after one year of homoeopathic treatment. Significant improvement was found in the clinical picture affirmed through the CAPS-5 score and MONARCH tool. Conclusion: Homoeopathic medicines showed a significantly beneficial role in the management of PTSD during the pandemic in the presented 10 cases. Further validation through well-designed clinical trials is warranted. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Hypertriglyceridemia is an independent risk factor of coronary heart disease (as established through various previously conducted studies) and it's rising incidence is creating a need for the immediate attention of it's management. Instead of focusing on the controversies involving the toxicity caused due to the long-term use of statin therapy in conventional mode of treatment, opting for a safer alternative system of treatment seems important. Five cases of diagnosed HTG, with triglyceride levels above 200 were treated with homoeopathic medicine - Fucus vesiculosus, in mother tincture form. The primary outcome measure was to evaluate the reduction in the blood triglyceride levels. All the five cases showed a reduction in triglyceride levels to normal range within 4 months of starting the treatment with the Fucus vesiculosus mother tincture. Also, it was observed that the borderline cholesterol levels and high LDL levels in 2 cases were found to reduce to normal. Treatment involving Fucus vesiculosus in cases diagnosed with HTG showed significant reduction in triglyceride levels along with other parameters of lipid profile. Further authentication of results with significant sample sizes may be taken up.

Background: Communicable diseases are major health hazards in developing countries like India. Due to alteration in host, environment or agent factors, there are various manifestations as well as severity were seen in Dengue cases. So, it is imperative to know about management of this communicable disease in brief as well as preventive measures to maintain good health in Community. Integrated approach with alternative medicine opens a new path for management of Communicable diseases in effective way. Material And Methods: At the Manglam Clinic Rajkot, 30 year old patient with Post Dengue Fever weakness was treated with individualized homoeopathy between 30/09/2021 to 03/10/2021. The treatment involved prescription of individually selected homoeopathic single remedy. During Follow up visits, outcome was assessed with Blood Report and general wellbing feeling of patient. Result: over an observation, an increasingly beneficial result from individualized Homoeopathy was noted in post Dengue Fever Weakness as well as on laboratory reports. Conclusion: Homoeopathy is branch of medical science and known for its gentle healing. This gentle art of healing finds a good scope in integrated Management of Post Dengue Fever Weakness. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Allergic rhinitis is the most common chronic disease in children. About one in five children has symptoms by the age of 2 or 3 years. Allergy symptoms can have a profound effect on a child's health, behavior and ability to learn. Left untreated, allergic rhinitis also can lead to a host of other serious conditions, including asthma, recurrent middle-ear infections, sinusitis, sleep disorders and chronic cough. This study is a prospective, clinical, interventional study to evaluate the role of an Indian drug Justicia Adhatoda in management of Allergic Rhinitis among children. Material and Methods: Samples had been selected by simple randomized method from Swami Vivekananda homoeopathic medical college and hospital as well as my private OPD at Vrushti Homoeopathic clinic, jail road, Bhavnagar. The cases were followed for a period of 6 months. Result: In this study it is observed that the age group of 7-9 yrs. has found more liable to get allergic rhinitis. Males are more prone to get allergies than females. Among other causative factors dust is found the most important causative factor. As far as miasms are concerned more cases are found to have all the three miasm. (Psora-Sycotic-syphilis). Conclusion: Justicia Adhatoda, although being a rare remedy has found to improved almost 93% of cases by means of reducing intensity, duration and frequency of cases of allergic rhinitis. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex hormonal and metabolic disorder characterized by oligomenorrhea or amenorrhea, hyperandrogenism and infertility. Global prevalence of PCOS is estimated to be between 06% and 26%. Homoeopathy, being a system of holistic healing can be accepted as one of the alternative treatments for PCOS. Aim & Objective: The aim of the study is to review clinical data, where the intervention was aimed to treat PCOS through Homoeopathy. The objective of the study is to identify the therapeutic approach, assessment criteria, treatment outcomes through an alternative therapy i.e., Homoeopathy in cases of PCOS. Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted in the month of June 2021 following International/National search databases for all clinical studies published in the period from 2000 to 2021. This search was aimed to target the entire literature of randomized trials or controlled trials, observational studies case studies/reports on PCOS in homoeopathy. Result:28 articles related to Homoeopathy on PCOS were identified. Out of these 28studies, 22 studies (01 RCT, 02 NRCT, 06 observational studies, 04 case series and 09 case reports) were included in this review. All studies were published in peer reviewed journals. Conclusions: To establish the evidence-based efficacy of the homoeopathic treatment in cases of RCT more pragmatic studies need to be planned in the future based on proper diagnostic criteria. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]