Search

Your search keyword '"Hong, S"' showing total 20,581 results
Start Over Author "Hong, S"
20,581 results on '"Hong, S"'

1. Performance Calculation of Pulse Shape Discrimination Based on Photoelectron Quantity

Author

Hong, S. B. and Park, J. S.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

Pulse Shape Discrimination (PSD) is a widely used technique in many experimental analysis. In this study, we specifically aimed to assess the effectiveness of PSD in accurately measuring decay time. We measured the decay times of a 0.1 wt% Gd-loaded liquid scintillator (Gd-LS) with 5 vol% Ultimagold-F added when irradiated with neutrons and gamma rays, which were emitted from a Cf-252 radiation source, using a two-exponential decay model. We distinguished between gamma-like events and neutron-like events using the time-of-flight difference. Based on the measured decay times, we developed a simulation to model the waveforms. In the sim-ulation, we adjusted the number of photoelectrons (NPE) and generated waveforms for NPE ranging from 10 to 1000 photoelectrons. We investigated the pulse shape discrimination (PSD) performance as a function of NPE photoelectrons (PE) and determined that at least 49 PE is required for a neutron-like events rejection efficiency of 90%, while keeping gamma-like events 97.8%., Comment: 9 pages, 6 figures

Published
2024

2. Automatic Detection and Bypassing of Anti-Debugging Techniques for Microsoft Windows Environments

Author

PARK, J., JANG, Y.-H., HONG, S., and PARK, Y.

Subjects
computer hacking, computer security, debugging, reverse engineering, software protection, Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineering, TK1-9971, Computer engineering. Computer hardware, TK7885-7895
Abstract

In spite of recent remarkable advances in binary code analysis, adversaries are still using diverse anti-reversing techniques for obfuscating code and making analysis difficult. Unlike most of the previous work that relies on debugger-plugins for neutralizing anti-debugging techniques, we focus on the Pin, which is one of the most widely used DBI (Dynamic Binary Instrumentation) tools in 80x86 environments. In this paper, we present an automatic anti-debugging detection/bypassing scheme using the Pin. In order to evaluate the effectiveness of our algorithm, we conducted experiments on 17 most widely used (commercial) protectors, which results in bypassing all anti-debugging techniques automatically. Particularly, our experiment includes Safengine, which is one of the most complex commercial protectors and, to the best of our knowledge, it has not been successfully analyzed by academic researchers up to now. Also, experimental results show that the proposed scheme performs better than the most recent work, Apate.

Published
2019
Full Text
View/download PDF

3. Phase transitions in random circuit sampling

Author

Morvan, A., Villalonga, B., Mi, X., Mandrà, S., Bengtsson, A., Klimov, P. V., Chen, Z., Hong, S., Erickson, C., Drozdov, I. K., Chau, J., Laun, G., Movassagh, R., Asfaw, A., Brandão, L. T. A. N., Peralta, R., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Atalaya, J., Bardin, J. C., Bilmes, A., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B. B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chang, H.-S., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Chou, C., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Barba, A. Del Toro, Demura, S., Paolo, A. Di, Dunsworth, A., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Burgos, L. Flores, Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Garcia, G., Genois, É., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Dau, A. Grajales, Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hoffmann, M. R., Huang, T., Huff, A., Huggins, W. J., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Kitaev, A., Klots, A. R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K.-M., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K. W., Lensky, Y. D., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Malone, F. D., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McEwen, M., Miao, K. C., Mieszala, A., Montazeri, S., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Yuezhen, O’Brien, T. E., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rhodes, D. M., Rocque, C., Rosenberg, E., Rubin, N. C., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Sivak, V., Skruzny, J., Smith, W. C., Somma, R. D., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff, White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Rieffel, E. G., Biswas, R., Babbush, R., Bacon, D., Hilton, J., Lucero, E., Neven, H., Megrant, A., Kelly, J., Roushan, P., Aleiner, I., Smelyanskiy, V., Kechedzhi, K., Chen, Y., and Boixo, S.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

6. Longitudinal Study of Georgia's Pre-K Program. Final Report: Pre-K through 4th Grade

Author

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, FPG Child Development Institute, Soliday Hong, S., Zadrozny, S., Walker, J., Love, E. N. G., Osborne, J. D., Owen, J. L., and Peinser-Feinberg, E.

Abstract

The purpose of this evaluation study was to examine children's longitudinal academic and social outcomes associated with attendance in Georgia's Pre-K Program and to examine the quality of the classrooms attended. This report covers pre-k to 4th grade outcomes collected between the 2013-2014 and 2018-2019 school years as well as a sub-study comparing 3rd and 4th grade outcomes of children who attended Georgia's Pre-K Program with children who did not attend any pre-k program. The primary evaluation questions include: (1) What are the longitudinal outcomes through 4th grade for children who attended Georgia's Pre-K Program?; (2) What factors predict better longitudinal outcomes for children?; (3) What is the quality of children's instructional experiences from pre-k through 4th grade?; and (4) Are there differential long-term outcomes for children with and without Georgia's Pre-K experience? [For the summary report, see ED630838.]

Published
2023

7. Longitudinal Study of Georgia's Pre-K Program: Pre-K through 4th Grade

Author

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, FPG Child Development Institute, Soliday Hong, S., Zadrozny, S., Walker, J., Love, E. N. G., Osborne, J. D., Owen, J. L., and Peisner-Feinberg, E.

Abstract

Georgia's Pre-K Longitudinal Study followed a statewide sample of 1,169 children who attended Georgia's Pre-K Program in 2013-14 through their 4th grade year in 2018-19. The study was conducted by researchers at the Frank Porter Graham (FPG) Child Development Institute at the University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill. The following summary describes the design and results of the full study. [For the full report, see ED630837.]

Published
2023

9. Safety and Effectiveness of Naltrexone-Bupropion in Korean Adults with Obesity: Post-Marketing Surveillance Study

Author

Lyu YS, Ahn H, Hong S, and Park CY

Subjects
naltrexone-bupropion, obesity management, post-marketing survey, weight loss efficacy, adverse events, Therapeutics. Pharmacology, RM1-950
Abstract

Young Sang Lyu,1 Hongyup Ahn,2 Sangmo Hong,3 Cheol-Young Park4 1Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Chosun University Hospital, Gwangju, Republic of Korea; 2Department of Statistics, Dongguk University, Seoul, Republic of Korea; 3Department of Internal Medicine, Hanyang University Guri Hospital, Hanyang University College of Medicine, Guri, Republic of Korea; 4Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of KoreaCorrespondence: Cheol-Young Park, Division of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Department of Internal Medicine, Kangbuk Samsung Hospital, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, 29 Saemunan-ro,Jongno-gu, Seoul, 03181, Republic of Korea, Email cydoctor@skku.eduPurpose: To investigate the safety and effectiveness of naltrexone-bupropion in Korean adults with obesity.Patients and methods: This was a prospective, observational multicenter study from April 29, 2016, to April 28, 2022. Individuals with obesity with a body mass index of ≥ 30 kg/m2 or ≥ 27 kg/m2 who had obesity-related comorbidities were included. The naltrexone-bupropion dose was gradually titrated weekly from 8/90 to 32/360 mg and maintained at the maximum tolerated dose. In total, 612 and 300 individuals were evaluated for safety and effectiveness, respectively.Results: In total, 41.34% individuals reported drug-related adverse reactions, such as nausea (19.12%), headache (7.68%), and dizziness (5.23%). Older age and comorbidities were significantly associated with adverse events. At 12 weeks after reaching the maintenance dose, naltrexone-bupropion 32/360 mg resulted in the greatest weight reduction (− 7.21%) compared with other doses, which persisted at week 24 (− 7.69%). The naltrexone-bupropion 16/180 mg resulted in significant weight reduction, achieving − 5.99% and − 9.18% reductions at weeks 12 and 24, similar to that with naltrexone-bupropion 32/360 mg. Young age and no comorbidities were significantly associated > 5% weight reduction.Conclusion: Naltrexone-bupropion demonstrated marked stability and weight loss effectiveness, particularly in young individuals with obesity without comorbidities. Therefore, individualized treatment is necessary when prescribing naltrexone-bupropion.Keywords: naltrexone-bupropion, obesity management, post-marketing survey, weight loss efficacy, adverse events

Published
2024

11. Stable Quantum-Correlated Many Body States through Engineered Dissipation

Author

Mi, X., Michailidis, A. A., Shabani, S., Miao, K. C., Klimov, P. V., Lloyd, J., Rosenberg, E., Acharya, R., Aleiner, I., Andersen, T. I., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Asfaw, A., Atalaya, J., Bardin, J. C., Bengtsson, A., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B. B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Chou, C., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Dau, A. G., Debroy, D. M., Barba, A. Del Toro, Demura, S., Di Paolo, A., Drozdov, I. K., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Forati, L. F. Burgos E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Genois, E., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hoffmann, M. R., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huff, A., Huggins, W. J., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Kechedzhi, K., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferova, M., Kim, S., Kitaev, A., Klots, A. R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K. -M., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K. W., Lensky, Y. D., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Locharla, A., Malone, F. D., Martin, O., McClean, J. R., McEwen, M., Mieszala, A., Montazeri, S., Morvan, A., Movassagh, R., Mruczkiewicz, W., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Y., OBrien, T. E., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rocque, C., Rubin, N. C., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Skruzny, J., Smith, W. C., Somma, R., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Villalonga, B., Heidweiller, C. V., White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Neven, H., Babbush, R., Bacon, D., Boixo, S., Hilton, J., Lucero, E., Megrant, A., Kelly, J., Chen, Y., Roushan, P., Smelyanskiy, V., and Abanin, D. A.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Engineered dissipative reservoirs have the potential to steer many-body quantum systems toward correlated steady states useful for quantum simulation of high-temperature superconductivity or quantum magnetism. Using up to 49 superconducting qubits, we prepared low-energy states of the transverse-field Ising model through coupling to dissipative auxiliary qubits. In one dimension, we observed long-range quantum correlations and a ground-state fidelity of 0.86 for 18 qubits at the critical point. In two dimensions, we found mutual information that extends beyond nearest neighbors. Lastly, by coupling the system to auxiliaries emulating reservoirs with different chemical potentials, we explored transport in the quantum Heisenberg model. Our results establish engineered dissipation as a scalable alternative to unitary evolution for preparing entangled many-body states on noisy quantum processors.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

12. Phase transition in Random Circuit Sampling

Author

Morvan, A., Villalonga, B., Mi, X., Mandrà, S., Bengtsson, A., Klimov, P. V., Chen, Z., Hong, S., Erickson, C., Drozdov, I. K., Chau, J., Laun, G., Movassagh, R., Asfaw, A., Brandão, L. T. A. N., Peralta, R., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Atalaya, J., Bardin, J. C., Bilmes, A., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B. B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chang, H. S., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Chou, C., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Barba, A. Del Toro, Demura, S., Di Paolo, A., Dunsworth, A., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Burgos, L. Flores, Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Garcia, G., Genois, E., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Dau, A. Grajales, Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hoffmann, M. R., Huang, T., Huff, A., Huggins, W. J., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Kitaev, A., Klots, A. R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K. -M., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K. W., Lensky, Y. D., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Malone, F. D., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McEwen, M., Miao, K. C., Mieszala, A., Montazeri, S., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Yuezhen, O'Brien, T. E., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rhodes, D. M., Rosenberg, E., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Rubin, N. C., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Sivak, V., Skruzny, J., Smith, W. C., Somma, R. D., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff, White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Rieffel, E. G., Biswas, R., Babbush, R., Bacon, D., Hilton, J., Lucero, E., Neven, H., Megrant, A., Kelly, J., Aleiner, I., Smelyanskiy, V., Kechedzhi, K., Chen, Y., and Boixo, S.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Undesired coupling to the surrounding environment destroys long-range correlations on quantum processors and hinders the coherent evolution in the nominally available computational space. This incoherent noise is an outstanding challenge to fully leverage the computation power of near-term quantum processors. It has been shown that benchmarking Random Circuit Sampling (RCS) with Cross-Entropy Benchmarking (XEB) can provide a reliable estimate of the effective size of the Hilbert space coherently available. The extent to which the presence of noise can trivialize the outputs of a given quantum algorithm, i.e. making it spoofable by a classical computation, is an unanswered question. Here, by implementing an RCS algorithm we demonstrate experimentally that there are two phase transitions observable with XEB, which we explain theoretically with a statistical model. The first is a dynamical transition as a function of the number of cycles and is the continuation of the anti-concentration point in the noiseless case. The second is a quantum phase transition controlled by the error per cycle; to identify it analytically and experimentally, we create a weak link model which allows varying the strength of noise versus coherent evolution. Furthermore, by presenting an RCS experiment with 67 qubits at 32 cycles, we demonstrate that the computational cost of our experiment is beyond the capabilities of existing classical supercomputers, even when accounting for the inevitable presence of noise. Our experimental and theoretical work establishes the existence of transitions to a stable computationally complex phase that is reachable with current quantum processors.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

13. Cosmic gas highways in C-EAGLE simulations

Author

Vurm, I., Nevalainen, J., Hong, S. E., Bahé, Y. M., Vecchia, C. Dalla, and Heinämäki, P.

Subjects
Astrophysics - Cosmology and Nongalactic Astrophysics
Abstract

A substantial fraction of the cosmic baryons is expected to hide in the form of diffuse warm-hot intergalactic medium (WHIM), the majority of which resides in the filaments of the Cosmic Web and has proven very difficult to detect due to its low density. Close to galaxy clusters, the filament gas is affected by the cluster's gravitational potential and attains substantial infall velocities, eventually undergoing a termination shock which may boost its X-ray signal. We aim to identify the optimal locations of the enhanced X-ray emission and absorption arising from cluster-filament interactions, as well as improve our understanding of the various physical processes affecting the WHIM as it approaches the cluster. We applied the DisPerSE filament finder to the galaxy distribution in the surroundings of a Coma-like ($M_{200} \sim 10^{15.4}~{\rm M}_{\odot}$) simulated C-EAGLE galaxy cluster. We characterised the thermodynamic properties of the gas in such filaments as well as their dependence on distance from the cluster, and provided a physical interpretation for the results. The identified filaments account for $\sim 50$% of the hot WHIM ($T > 10^{5.5}$ K) in the cluster vicinity. The filament gas is in approximate free-fall all the way down to $\sim 2 \ r_{200}$ from the cluster, at which stage it begins to slow down due to the increasing pressure of the ambient gas. The deceleration is accompanied by the conversion of gas bulk kinetic energy into heat and the increase of density and temperature from the general Cosmic Web level of $\rho \sim 10\rho_{\rm av}$ and $T = 10^5-10^6$ K towards $\rho \sim 100\rho_{\rm av}$ and $T = 10^7-10^8$ K near the cluster boundary. We conclude that the detection of the cosmic filaments of galaxies around clusters may provide a practical observational avenue for locating the densest and hottest phase of the missing baryons., Comment: 20 pages, 16 figures, accepted for publication in A&A

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

14. Disrupted Balance of Short- and Long-Range Functional Connectivity Density in Patients with Herpes Zoster or Postherpetic Neuralgia: A Resting-State fMRI Study

Author

Jiang J, Hou X, Gu L, Liu X, Lv H, Xiong J, Kuang H, Jiang X, and Hong S

Subjects
functional connectivity density, herpes zoster, postherpetic neuralgia, pain, functional magnetic resonance imaging, Medicine (General), R5-920
Abstract

Jian Jiang,1,2,* Xiaoyan Hou,1,* Lili Gu,3 Xian Liu,1 Huiting Lv,1 Jiaxin Xiong,1 Hongmei Kuang,1,2 Xiaofeng Jiang,1 Shunda Hong1,2 1Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China; 2Jiangxi Medical Imaging Research Institute, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China; 3Department of Pain, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, Nanchang, People’s Republic of China*These authors contributed equally to this workCorrespondence: Shunda Hong, Department of Radiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Nanchang University, 17 Yongwaizheng Street, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China, Tel/Fax +86-791-88693825, Email dyfy05441@ncu.edu.cnPurpose: This study aimed to explore the abnormal changes in short- and long-range functional connectivity density (FCD) in patients with herpes zoster (HZ) and postherpetic neuralgia (PHN).Patients and Methods: Twenty HZ patients, 22 PHN patients, and 19 well-matched healthy controls (HCs) underwent resting-state functional magnetic resonance imaging scans. We used FCD mapping, a data-driven graph theory method, to investigate local and global functional connectivity patterns. Both short- and long-range FCD were calculated and compared among the PHN, HZ, and HC groups. Then, the abnormal regions were used to calculate seed-based functional connectivity. Finally, correlation analyses were performed between the altered FCD values and clinical datas.Results: Compared with HCs, HZ patients showed significantly increased long-range FCD of the bilateral cerebellum, thalamus, parahippocampal gyrus, superior temporal gyrus and lingual gyrus. HZ patients also displayed significantly decreased short-range FCD of the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, and left precuneus. Compared with HCs, PHN patients displayed significantly decreased long-range FCD of the bilateral superior frontal gyrus and decreased short-range FCD in the bilateral posterior cingulate gyrus, median cingulate/paracingulate gyri, and precuneus. However, there was no significant difference in either long-range or short-range FCD between the PHN and HZ patients. Long-range FCD deficit areas and the right insula showed altered functional connectivity in PHN patients. Furthermore, pain duration in patients with PHN was correlated with abnormal long-range FCD.Conclusion: Herpes zoster pain widely affects intra- and inter-regional functional connectivity, leading to disrupted short-range FCD and increased long-range FCD during different stages of the disease. Long-term chronic pain in PHN patients may impair the pain emotion regulation pathway. These findings could improve our understanding of the pathophysiological mechanisms of HZ and PHN and offer neuroimaging markers for HZ and PHN.Keywords: functional connectivity density, herpes zoster, postherpetic neuralgia, pain, functional magnetic resonance imaging

Published
2024

15. Enhanced herbaceous encroachment due to niche overlap in alpine tundra of Northeast China

Author

Xinyuan Tan, Xinran Li, Mai-He Li, Shengwei Zong, Mia M. Wu, Kai Liu, Haibo Du, and Hong S. He

Subjects
Alpine shrubby tundra, Competition, Ecological Filtering Hypothesis, Herb migration, Vegetation change, Ecology, QH540-549.5
Abstract

The directional ecological filtering hypothesis posits that species in high-altitude environments typically exhibit broad environmental tolerance, influencing the colonization success of non-native species through niche overlap with natives. This study examines this hypothesis on Changbai Mountain, focusing on the encroachment of the herb Deyeuxia angustifolia from mountain birch forests into alpine tundra, where it competes with the endemic Rhododendron aureum. We established a permanent plot containing 10,000 continuous quadrats (2 × 2 m) in the summer of 2014, covering from treeline to the upper limit of alpine tundra. Each quadrat was divided into 40 × 40 cm resolution cells, totaling 250,000 cells. In 2014 we photographed and manually interpreted tundra plant species for all cells, assessing topographic and edaphic niche characteristics (the range of the factors) for both species. Findings reveal: (1) Over 50 % niche overlap between D. angustifolia and R. aureum, suggesting intense competition; (2) Broader niche width for R. aureum compared to D. angustifolia; and (3) The expansion of D. angustifolia is facilitated by available nitrogen, while R. aureum is uniquely adapted to low phosphorus levels at higher altitudes. These results demonstrate that ecological and environmental filtering jointly shape distribution patterns of R. aureum and D. angustifolia, supporting the idea that environmental filtering is critical in the colonization of invading plant species. Our research sheds light on the pivotal roles played by microenvironmental factors, notably topography and soil, in determining the composition and distribution of plant communities, and contributes valuable insights for understanding and forecasting future shifts in plant composition of alpine tundra.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

17. Effects of Non-uniform Corrosion on the Bond Behavior of Steel Bar in Concrete

Author

Huang, J., Hong, S. F., Jiang, Z. L., Fu, C. Q., di Prisco, Marco, Series Editor, Chen, Sheng-Hong, Series Editor, Vayas, Ioannis, Series Editor, Kumar Shukla, Sanjay, Series Editor, Sharma, Anuj, Series Editor, Kumar, Nagesh, Series Editor, Wang, Chien Ming, Series Editor, Gu, Xiang-Lin, editor, Motavalli, Masoud, editor, Ilki, Alper, editor, and Yu, Qian-Qian, editor

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

19. Purification-based quantum error mitigation of pair-correlated electron simulations

Author

O'Brien, T. E., Anselmetti, G., Gkritsis, F., Elfving, V. E., Polla, S., Huggins, W. J., Oumarou, O., Kechedzhi, K., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Aleiner, I., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Asfaw, A., Atalaya, J., Bacon, D., Bardin, J. C., Bengtsson, A., Boixo, S., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chen, Y., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Demura, S., Drozdov, I., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Burgos, L. Flores, Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Dau, A. Grajales, Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hilton, J., Hoffmann, M. R., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huff, A., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Kelly, J., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Klots, A. R., Kothari, R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Lucero, E., Malone, F. D., Mandra, S., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McCourt, T., McEwen, M., Megrant, A., Mi, X., Mieszala, A., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Montazeri, S., Morvan, A., Movassagh, R., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Neven, H., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Y., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Skruzny, J., Smelyanskiy, V., Smith, W. C., Somma, R., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Villalonga, B., Heidweiller, C. Vollgraff, White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Gogolin, C., Babbush, R., and Rubin, N. C.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

An important measure of the development of quantum computing platforms has been the simulation of increasingly complex physical systems. Prior to fault-tolerant quantum computing, robust error mitigation strategies are necessary to continue this growth. Here, we study physical simulation within the seniority-zero electron pairing subspace, which affords both a computational stepping stone to a fully correlated model, and an opportunity to validate recently introduced ``purification-based'' error-mitigation strategies. We compare the performance of error mitigation based on doubling quantum resources in time (echo verification) or in space (virtual distillation), on up to $20$ qubits of a superconducting qubit quantum processor. We observe a reduction of error by one to two orders of magnitude below less sophisticated techniques (e.g. post-selection); the gain from error mitigation is seen to increase with the system size. Employing these error mitigation strategies enables the implementation of the largest variational algorithm for a correlated chemistry system to-date. Extrapolating performance from these results allows us to estimate minimum requirements for a beyond-classical simulation of electronic structure. We find that, despite the impressive gains from purification-based error mitigation, significant hardware improvements will be required for classically intractable variational chemistry simulations., Comment: 10 pages, 13 page supplementary material, 12 figures. Experimental data available at https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.7225821

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

20. Purification-based quantum error mitigation of pair-correlated electron simulations

Author

O’Brien, T. E., Anselmetti, G., Gkritsis, F., Elfving, V. E., Polla, S., Huggins, W. J., Oumarou, O., Kechedzhi, K., Abanin, D., Acharya, R., Aleiner, I., Allen, R., Andersen, T. I., Anderson, K., Ansmann, M., Arute, F., Arya, K., Asfaw, A., Atalaya, J., Bardin, J. C., Bengtsson, A., Bortoli, G., Bourassa, A., Bovaird, J., Brill, L., Broughton, M., Buckley, B., Buell, D. A., Burger, T., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Chik, D., Cogan, J., Collins, R., Conner, P., Courtney, W., Crook, A. L., Curtin, B., Debroy, D. M., Demura, S., Drozdov, I., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Faoro, L., Farhi, E., Fatemi, R., Ferreira, V. S., Flores Burgos, L., Forati, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Giang, W., Gidney, C., Gilboa, D., Giustina, M., Gosula, R., Grajales Dau, A., Gross, J. A., Habegger, S., Hamilton, M. C., Hansen, M., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Heu, P., Hoffmann, M. R., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huff, A., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Iveland, J., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Jones, C., Juhas, P., Kafri, D., Khattar, T., Khezri, M., Kieferová, M., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Klots, A. R., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Kreikebaum, J. M., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lau, K.-M., Laws, L., Lee, J., Lee, K., Lester, B. J., Lill, A. T., Liu, W., Livingston, W. P., Locharla, A., Malone, F. D., Mandrà, S., Martin, O., Martin, S., McClean, J. R., McCourt, T., McEwen, M., Mi, X., Mieszala, A., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Montazeri, S., Morvan, A., Movassagh, R., Mruczkiewicz, W., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Nersisyan, A., Newman, M., Ng, J. H., Nguyen, A., Nguyen, M., Niu, M. Y., Omonije, S., Opremcak, A., Petukhov, A., Potter, R., Pryadko, L. P., Quintana, C., Rocque, C., Roushan, P., Saei, N., Sank, D., Sankaragomathi, K., Satzinger, K. J., Schurkus, H. F., Schuster, C., Shearn, M. J., Shorter, A., Shutty, N., Shvarts, V., Skruzny, J., Smith, W. C., Somma, R. D., Sterling, G., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Thor, D., Torres, A., Vidal, G., Villalonga, B., Vollgraff Heidweiller, C., White, T., Woo, B. W. K., Xing, C., Yao, Z. J., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Young, G., Zalcman, A., Zhang, Y., Zhu, N., Zobrist, N., Bacon, D., Boixo, S., Chen, Y., Hilton, J., Kelly, J., Lucero, E., Megrant, A., Neven, H., Smelyanskiy, V., Gogolin, C., Babbush, R., and Rubin, N. C.

Published
2023
Full Text
View/download PDF

21. Enhanced productivity and evapotranspiration dominated by woody plant encroachment-induced vegetation greening in boreal wetland ecosystems

Author

Hongchao Sun, Wen J. Wang, Zhihua Liu, Ashley P. Ballantyne, Kailiang Yu, Suri G. Bao, Shengjie Ba, Lei Wang, Yu Cong, and Hong S. He

Subjects
Northern ecosystem, climate change, carbon flux, water cycle, vegetation greenness, remote sensing, Mathematical geography. Cartography, GA1-1776, Environmental sciences, GE1-350
Abstract

Woody plant encroachment (WPE), a global phenomenon documented across various biomes and continents, has the potential to significantly impact ecosystem carbon and water cycling. However, the impacts of WPE on carbon and water cycling in wetland ecosystems of middle and high latitudes are still lacking. In this study, the interannual and seasonal impacts of WPE on gross primary production (GPP) and evapotranspiration (ET), as well as their underlying mechanisms, within boreal wetland ecosystems located in middle-high latitude regions, were examined using remote sensing datasets spanning the period 2001–2016. Our results demonstrated that WPE enhanced annual GPP, ET, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and solar-induced chlorophyll fluorescence (SIF) in boreal wetlands with impacts increasing over time. The multi-year average GPP and ET in fully encroached wetland ecosystems were approximately 31% and 3% higher, respectively, compared to pure wetland ecosystems. Prominent increases in wetland GPP occurred during the early growing season, while an exacerbation of ET was observed during the peak growing season. The impacts of WPE on wetland GPP and ET were predominantly attributed to increased vegetation greenness followed by secondary contributions from climate change. Climate change not only directly influenced the responses of GPP and ET to WPE but also exerted indirect effects by regulating vegetation greenness and the degree of encroachment. Our findings offer valuable insights into the understanding of the interaction between WPE and climate change, highlighting the importance of considering WPE effects and their drivers for accurate predictions of carbon and water cycles, as well as atmosphere–biosphere feedbacks in boreal wetlands.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

22. Formation of robust bound states of interacting microwave photons

Author

Morvan, A, Andersen, TI, Mi, X, Neill, C, Petukhov, A, Kechedzhi, K, Abanin, DA, Michailidis, A, Acharya, R, Arute, F, Arya, K, Asfaw, A, Atalaya, J, Bardin, JC, Basso, J, Bengtsson, A, Bortoli, G, Bourassa, A, Bovaird, J, Brill, L, Broughton, M, Buckley, BB, Buell, DA, Burger, T, Burkett, B, Bushnell, N, Chen, Z, Chiaro, B, Collins, R, Conner, P, Courtney, W, Crook, AL, Curtin, B, Debroy, DM, Del Toro Barba, A, Demura, S, Dunsworth, A, Eppens, D, Erickson, C, Faoro, L, Farhi, E, Fatemi, R, Flores Burgos, L, Forati, E, Fowler, AG, Foxen, B, Giang, W, Gidney, C, Gilboa, D, Giustina, M, Grajales Dau, A, Gross, JA, Habegger, S, Hamilton, MC, Harrigan, MP, Harrington, SD, Hoffmann, M, Hong, S, Huang, T, Huff, A, Huggins, WJ, Isakov, SV, Iveland, J, Jeffrey, E, Jiang, Z, Jones, C, Juhas, P, Kafri, D, Khattar, T, Khezri, M, Kieferová, M, Kim, S, Kitaev, AY, Klimov, PV, Klots, AR, Korotkov, AN, Kostritsa, F, Kreikebaum, JM, Landhuis, D, Laptev, P, Lau, K-M, Laws, L, Lee, J, Lee, KW, Lester, BJ, Lill, AT, Liu, W, Locharla, A, Malone, F, Martin, O, McClean, JR, McEwen, M, Meurer Costa, B, Miao, KC, Mohseni, M, Montazeri, S, Mount, E, Mruczkiewicz, W, Naaman, O, and Neeley, M

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Physical Sciences, Photons, Microwaves, Electrons, Fees and Charges, Reproduction, General Science & Technology
Abstract

Systems of correlated particles appear in many fields of modern science and represent some of the most intractable computational problems in nature. The computational challenge in these systems arises when interactions become comparable to other energy scales, which makes the state of each particle depend on all other particles1. The lack of general solutions for the three-body problem and acceptable theory for strongly correlated electrons shows that our understanding of correlated systems fades when the particle number or the interaction strength increases. One of the hallmarks of interacting systems is the formation of multiparticle bound states2-9. Here we develop a high-fidelity parameterizable fSim gate and implement the periodic quantum circuit of the spin-½ XXZ model in a ring of 24 superconducting qubits. We study the propagation of these excitations and observe their bound nature for up to five photons. We devise a phase-sensitive method for constructing the few-body spectrum of the bound states and extract their pseudo-charge by introducing a synthetic flux. By introducing interactions between the ring and additional qubits, we observe an unexpected resilience of the bound states to integrability breaking. This finding goes against the idea that bound states in non-integrable systems are unstable when their energies overlap with the continuum spectrum. Our work provides experimental evidence for bound states of interacting photons and discovers their stability beyond the integrability limit.

Published
2022

23. Assessing the impact of climate warming on tree species composition and distribution in the forest region of Northeast China

Author

Yuanyuan Fu, Chang Liu, Hong S. He, Shaoqiang Wang, Lunche Wang, and Zhijie Xie

Subjects
LINKAGES 3.0, climate warming, aboveground biomass, tree species composition and distribution, forest region of Northeast China, Plant culture, SB1-1110
Abstract

Global climate change has markedly influenced the structure and distribution of mid-high-latitude forests. In the forest region of Northeast China, the magnitude of climate warming surpasses the global average, which presents immense challenges to the survival and habitat sustainability of dominant tree species. We predicted the potential changes in aboveground biomass, dominant tree species composition, and distribution in the forest region of Northeast China over the next century under different climatic conditions encompassing the current scenario and future scenarios (RCP2.6, RCP4.5, and RCP8.5). Forest ecosystem process model LINKAGES 3.0 was used to simulate dynamic changes in species-level aboveground biomass under four climate scenarios at the homogeneous land-type unit level. The potential spatial distribution of tree species was investigated based on three indicators: extinction, colonization, and persistence. The results showed that LINKAGES 3.0 model effectively simulated the aboveground biomass of 17 dominant tree species in the forest region of Northeast China, achieving a high accuracy with R² = 0.88. Under the current, RCP2.6, and RCP4.5 climate scenarios, the dominant tree species presented gradual increases in aboveground biomass, whereas under RCP8.5, an initial increase and subsequent decline were observed. With increasing warming magnitude, cold-temperate coniferous tree species will gradually be replaced by other temperate broad-leaved tree species. Furthermore, a large temperature increase under RCP8.5 will likely produce a significant contraction in the potential distribution range of tree species like Larch, Scotch pine, Ribbed birch, Spruce and Fir, while most temperate broad-leaved tree species and Korean pine are expected to demonstrate a northward migration. These findings provide guidance for enhancing the adaptability and resilience of forest ecosystems in middle and high latitudes and addressing the threats posed by climate warming.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

24. A high-fidelity quantum matter-link between ion-trap microchip modules

Author

Akhtar, M., Bonus, F., Lebrun-Gallagher, F. R., Johnson, N. I., Siegele-Brown, M., Hong, S., Hile, S. J., Kulmiya, S. A., Weidt, S., and Hensinger, W. K.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

System scalability is fundamental for large-scale quantum computers (QCs) and is being pursued over a variety of hardware platforms. For QCs based on trapped ions, architectures such as the quantum charge-coupled device (QCCD) are used to scale the number of qubits on a single device. However, the number of ions that can be hosted on a single quantum computing module is limited by the size of the chip being used. Therefore, a modular approach is of critical importance and requires quantum connections between individual modules. Here, we present the demonstration of a quantum matter-link in which ion qubits are transferred between adjacent QC modules. Ion transport between adjacent modules is realised at a rate of 2424$\,$s$^{-1}$ and with an infidelity associated with ion loss during transport below $7\times10^{-8}$. Furthermore, we show that the link does not measurably impact the phase coherence of the qubit. The quantum matter-link constitutes a practical mechanism for the interconnection of QCCD devices. Our work will facilitate the implementation of modular QCs capable of fault-tolerant utility-scale quantum computation.

Published
2022
Full Text
View/download PDF

25. Longitudinal Study of Georgia's Pre-K Program: Third Grade Report

Author

University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, FPG Child Development Institute, Soliday Hong, S., Zadrozny, S., Walker, J., Love, E. N. G., Osborne, J. D., Owen, J. L., Jenkins, G., and Peisner-Feinberg, E.

Abstract

The purpose of this study was to examine associations between attendance in Georgia's Pre-K Program and children's academic and social outcomes through third grade. This report includes a sub-study that incorporates a comparison group of children who did not attend any pre-k program. This report focuses on third grade outcomes, but it also includes pre-k to third grade outcomes collected during the 2013-2014 to 2017-2018 school years and a comparison sub-study of children who did not attend any pre-k. Study components include: (1) Standardized child assessments that measure skills across learning domains. By using standardized child assessments, children's scores can be compared to a nationally representative sample of children of the same age; (2) Observations of classroom quality over time that measure the quality of teacher-child interactions; (3) Inclusion of a subsample of dual language learners (English-Spanish); and (4) A comparison sample of children who did not attend any pre-k added in the third grade year. Children who attended Georgia's Pre-K Program had literacy skills that were moderately higher and executive function skills that were somewhat higher in the fall of third grade than children whose parents reported that the child did not attend any pre-k program (comparison group). These results are similar to the findings of the Longitudinal Study where children who attended Georgia's Pre-K had higher scores in foundational literacy skills relative to the national norming sample. Together, these results suggest that foundational literacy skills, which are a focus of pre-k, were not obtained by children in the comparison sample. [For the report summary, see ED611011.]

Published
2021

27. Interleukin (IL)-1/IL-6-Inhibitor–Associated Drug Reaction With Eosinophilia and Systemic Symptoms (DReSS) in Systemic Inflammatory Illnesses

Author

Aamir, R., Abulaban, K., Adams, A., Lapsia, C. Aguiar, Akinsete, A., Akoghlanian, S., Al Manaa, M., AlBijadi, A., Allenspach, E., Almutairi, A., Alperin, R., Amarilyo, G., Ambler, W., Amoruso, M., Angeles-Han, S., Ardoin, S., Armendariz, S., Asfaw, L., Aviran Dagan, N., Bacha, C., Balboni, I., Balevic, S., Ballinger, S., Baluta, S., Barillas-Arias, L., Basiaga, M., Baszis, K., Baxter, S., Becker, M., Begezda, A., Behrens, E., Beil, E., Benseler, S., Bermudez-Santiago, L., Bernal, W., Bigley, T., Bingham, C., Binstadt, B., Black, C., Blackmon, B., Blakley, M., Bohnsack, J., Boneparth, A., Bradfield, H., Bridges, J., Brooks, E., Brothers, M., Brunner, H., Buckley, L., Buckley, M., Bukulmez, H., Bullock, D., Canna, S., Cannon, L., Canny, S., Cartwright, V., Cassidy, E., Castro, D., Chalom, E., Chang, J., Chang, M., Chang-Hoftman, A., Chen, A., Chiraseveenuprapund, P., Ciaglia, K., Co, D., Cohen, E., Collinge, J., Conlon, H., Connor, R., Cook, K., Cooper, A., Cooper, J., Corbin, K., Correll, C., Cron, R., Curry, M., Dalrymple, A., Datyner, E., Davis, T., De Ranieri, D., Dean, J., DeCoste, C., Dedeoglu, F., DeGuzman, M., Delnay, N., DeSantis, E., Devine, R., Dhalla, M., Dhanrajani, A., Dissanayake, D., Dizon, B., Drapeau, N., Drew, J., Driest, K., Du, Q., Duncan, E., Dunnock, K., Durkee, D., Dvergsten, J., Eberhard, A., Ede, K., Edelheit, B., Edens, C., El Tal, T., Elder, M., Elzaki, Y., Fadrhonc, S., Failing, C., Fair, D., Favier, L., Feldman, B., Fennell, J., Ferguson, P., Ferguson, I., Figueroa, C., Flanagan, E., Fogel, L., Fox, E., Fox, M., Franklin, L., Fuhlbrigge, R., Fuller, J., Furey, M., Futch-West, T., Gagne, S., Gennaro, V., Gerstbacher, D., Gilbert, M., Gironella, A., Glaser, D., Goh, I., Goldsmith, D., Gorry, S., Goswami, N., Gottlieb, B., Graham, T., Grevich, S., Griffin, T., Grim, A., Grom, A., Guevara, M., Hahn, T., Halyabar, O., Hamda Natur, M., Hammelev, E., Hammond, T., Harel, L., Harris, J., Harry, O., Hausmann, J., Hay, A., Hays, K., Hayward, K., Henderson, L., Henrickson, M., Hersh, A., Hickey, K., Hiraki, L., Hiskey, M., Hobday, P., Hoffart, C., Holland, M., Hollander, M., Hong, S., Horton, D., Horwitz, M., Hsu, J., Huber, A., Huberts, A., Huggins, J., Huie, L., Hui-Yuen, J., Ibarra, M., Imlay, A., Imundo, L., Inman, C., Jackson, A., James, K., Janow, G., Jared, S., Jiang, Y., Johnson, L., Johnson, N., Jones, J., Kafisheh, D., Kahn, P., Kaidar, K., Kasinathan, S., Kaur, R., Kessler, E., Kienzle, B., Kim, S., Kimura, Y., Kingsbury, D., Kitcharoensakkul, M., Klausmeier, T., Klein, K., Klein-Gitelman, M., Knight, A., Kovalick, L., Kramer, S., Kremer, C., Kudas, O., LaFlam, T., Lang, B., Lapidus, S., Lapin, B., Lasky, A., Lawler, C., Lawson, E., Laxer, R., Lee, P., Lee, T., Lee, A., Leisinger, E., Lentini, L., Lerman, M., Levinsky, Y., Levy, D., Li, S., Lieberman, S., Lim, L., Limenis, E., Lin, C., Ling, N., Lionetti, G., Livny, R., Lloyd, M., Lo, M., Long, A., Lopez-Peña, M., Lovell, D., Luca, N., Lvovich, S., Lytch, A., Ma, M., Machado, A., MacMahon, J., Madison, J., Mannion, M., Manos, C., Mansfield, L., Marston, B., Mason, T., Matchett, D., McAllister, L., McBrearty, K., McColl, J., McCurdy, D., McDaniels, K., McDonald, J., Meidan, E., Mellins, E., Mian, Z., Miettunen, P., Miller, M., Milojevic, D., Mitacek, R., Modica, R., Mohan, S., Moore, T., Moore, K., Moorthy, L., Moreno, J., Morgan, E., Moyer, A., Murante, B., Murphy, A., Muscal, E., Mwizerwa, O., Najafi, A., Nanda, K., Nasah, N., Nassi, L., Nativ, S., Natter, M., Nearanz, K., Neely, J., Newhall, L., Nguyen, A., Nigrovic, P., Nocton, J., Nolan, B., Nowicki, K., Oakes, R., Oberle, E., Ogbonnaya-Whittesley, S., Ogbu, E., Oliver, M., Olveda, R., Onel, K., Orandi, A., Padam, J., Paller, A., Pan, N., Pandya, J., Panupattanapong, S., Toledano, A. Pappo, Parsons, A., Patel, J., Patel, P., Patrick, A., Patrizi, S., Paul, S., Perfetto, J., Perron, M., Peskin, M., Ponder, L., Pooni, R., Prahalad, S., Puplava, B., Quinlan-Waters, M., Rabinovich, C., Rafko, J., Rahimi, H., Rampone, K., Ramsey, S., Randell, R., Ray, L., Reed, A., Reid, H., Reiff, D., Richins, S., Riebschleger, M., Rife, E., Riordan, M., Riskalla, M., Robinson, A., Robinson, L., Rodgers, L., Rodriquez, M., Rogers, D., Ronis, T., Rosado, A., Rosenkranz, M., Rosenwasser, N., Rothermel, H., Rothman, D., Rothschild, E., Roth-Wojcicki, E., Rouster-Stevens, K., Rubinstein, T., Rupp, J., Ruth, N., Sabbagh, S., Sadun, R., Santiago, L., Saper, V., Sarkissian, A., Scalzi, L., Schahn, J., Schikler, K., Schlefman, A., Schmeling, H., Schmitt, E., Schneider, R., Schulert, G., Schultz, K., Schutt, C., Seper, C., Sheets, R., Shehab, A., Shenoi, S., Sherman, M., Shirley, J., Shishov, M., Siegel, D., Singer, N., Sivaraman, V., Sloan, E., Smith, C., Smith, J., Smitherman, E., Soep, J., Son, Mary B., Sosna, D., Spencer, C., Spiegel, L., Spitznagle, J., Srinivasalu, H., Stapp, H., Steigerwald, K., Stephens, A., Sterba Rakovchik, Y., Stern, S., Stevens, B., Stevenson, R., Stewart, K., Stewart, W., Stingl, C., Stoll, M., Stringer, E., Sule, S., Sullivan, J., Sundel, R., Sutter, M., Swaffar, C., Swayne, N., Syed, R., Symington, T., Syverson, G., Szymanski, A., Taber, S., Tal, R., Tambralli, A., Taneja, A., Tanner, T., Tarvin, S., Tate, L., Taxter, A., Taylor, J., Tesher, M., Thakurdeen, T., Theisen, A., Thomas, B., Thomas, L., Thomas, N., Ting, T., Todd, C., Toib, D., Torok, K., Tory, H., Toth, M., Tse, S., Tsin, C., Twachtman-Bassett, J., Twilt, M., Valcarcel, T., Valdovinos, R., Vallee, A., Van Mater, H., Vandenbergen, S., Vannoy, L., Varghese, C., Vasquez, N., Vega-Fernandez, P., Velez, J., Verbsky, J., Verstegen, R., von Scheven, E., Vora, S., Wagner-Weiner, L., Wahezi, D., Waite, H., Walker, B., Walters, H., Waterfield, M., Waters, A., Weiser, P., Weiss, P., Weiss, J., Wershba, E., Westheuser, V., White, A., Widrick, K., Williams, C., Wong, S., Woolnough, L., Wright, T., Wu, E., Yalcindag, A., Yasin, S., Yeung, R., Yomogida, K., Zeft, A., Zhang, Y., Zhao, Y., Zhu, A., Saper, Vivian E., Tian, Lu, Verstegen, Ruud H.J., Conrad, Carol K., Cidon, Michal, Hopper, Rachel K., Kuo, Christin S., Osoegawa, Kazutoyo, Baszis, Kevin, Bingham, Catherine A., Ferguson, Ian, Hahn, Timothy, Horne, Annacarin, Isupova, Eugenia A., Jones, Jordan T., Kasapcopur, Özgür, Klein-Gitelman, Marisa S., Kostik, Mikhail M., Ozen, Seza, Phadke, Omkar, Prahalad, Sampath, Randell, Rachel L., Sener, Seher, Stingl, Cory, Abdul-Aziz, Rabheh, Akoghlanian, Shoghik, Al Julandani, Dalila, Alvarez, Marcela B., Bader-Meunier, Brigitte, Balay-Dustrude, Erin E., Balboni, Imelda, Baxter, Sarah K., Berard, Roberta A., Bhattad, Sagar, Bolaria, Roxana, Boneparth, Alexis, Cassidy, Elaine A., Co, Dominic O., Collins, Kathleen P., Dancey, Paul, Dickinson, Aileen M., Edelheit, Barbara S., Espada, Graciela, Flanagan, Elaine R., Imundo, Lisa F., Jindal, Ankur K., Kim, Hyoun-Ah, Klaus, Günter, Lake, Carol, Lapin, W. Blaine, Lawson, Erica F., Marmor, Itay, Mombourquette, Joy, Ogunjimi, Benson, Olveda, Rebecca, Ombrello, Michael J., Onel, Karen, Poholek, Catherine, Ramanan, Athimalaipet V., Ravelli, Angelo, Reinhardt, Adam, Robinson, Amanda D., Rouster-Stevens, Kelly, Saad, Nadine, Schneider, Rayfel, Selmanovic, Velma, Sefic Pasic, Irmina, Shenoi, Susan, Shilo, Natalie R., Soep, Jennifer B., Sura, Angeli, Taber, Sarah F., Tesher, Melissa, Tibaldi, Jessica, Torok, Kathryn S., Tsin, Cathy Mei, Vasquez-Canizares, Natalia, Villacis Nunez, Diana S., Way, Emily E., Whitehead, Benjamin, Zemel, Lawrence S., Sharma, Surbhi, Fernández-Viña, Marcelo A., and Mellins, Elizabeth D.

Published
2024
Full Text
View/download PDF

43. Realizing topologically ordered states on a quantum processor

Author

Satzinger, K. J., Liu, Y., Smith, A., Knapp, C., Newman, M., Jones, C., Chen, Z., Quintana, C., Mi, X., Dunsworth, A., Gidney, C., Aleiner, I., Arute, F., Arya, K., Atalaya, J., Babbush, R., Bardin, J. C., Barends, R., Basso, J., Bengtsson, A., Bilmes, A., Broughton, M., Buckley, B. B., Buell, D. A., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Chiaro, B., Collins, R., Courtney, W., Demura, S., Derk, A. R., Eppens, D., Erickson, C., Farhi, E., Foaro, L., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Giustina, M., Greene, A., Gross, J. A., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Hilton, J., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huggins, W. J., Ioffe, L. B., Isakov, S. V., Jeffrey, E., Jiang, Z., Kafri, D., Kechedzhi, K., Khattar, T., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Locharla, A., Lucero, E., Martin, O., McClean, J. R., McEwen, M., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Montazeri, S., Mruczkiewicz, W., Mutus, J., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Niu, M. Y., O'Brien, T. E., Opremcak, A., Pató, B., Petukhov, A., Rubin, N. C., Sank, D., Shvarts, V., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Villalonga, B., White, T. C., Yao, Z., Yeh, P., Yoo, J., Zalcman, A., Neven, H., Boixo, S., Megrant, A., Chen, Y., Kelly, J., Smelyanskiy, V., Kitaev, A., Knap, M., Pollmann, F., and Roushan, P.

Subjects
Quantum Physics, Condensed Matter - Strongly Correlated Electrons
Abstract

The discovery of topological order has revolutionized the understanding of quantum matter in modern physics and provided the theoretical foundation for many quantum error correcting codes. Realizing topologically ordered states has proven to be extremely challenging in both condensed matter and synthetic quantum systems. Here, we prepare the ground state of the toric code Hamiltonian using an efficient quantum circuit on a superconducting quantum processor. We measure a topological entanglement entropy near the expected value of $\ln2$, and simulate anyon interferometry to extract the braiding statistics of the emergent excitations. Furthermore, we investigate key aspects of the surface code, including logical state injection and the decay of the non-local order parameter. Our results demonstrate the potential for quantum processors to provide key insights into topological quantum matter and quantum error correction., Comment: 6 pages 4 figures, plus supplementary materials

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

44. Removing leakage-induced correlated errors in superconducting quantum error correction

Author

McEwen, M., Kafri, D., Chen, Z., Atalaya, J., Satzinger, K. J., Quintana, C., Klimov, P. V., Sank, D., Gidney, C., Fowler, A. G., Arute, F., Arya, K., Buckley, B., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Chiaro, B., Collins, R., Demura, S., Dunsworth, A., Erickson, C., Foxen, B., Giustina, M., Huang, T., Hong, S., Jeffrey, E., Kim, S., Kechedzhi, K., Kostritsa, F., Laptev, P., Megrant, A., Mi, X., Mutus, J., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Neill, C., Niu, M., Paler, A., Redd, N., Roushan, P., White, T. C., Yao, J., Yeh, P., Zalcman, A., Chen, Yu, Smelyanskiy, V. N., Martinis, John M., Neven, H., Kelly, J., Korotkov, A. N., Petukhov, A. G., and Barends, R.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

Quantum computing can become scalable through error correction, but logical error rates only decrease with system size when physical errors are sufficiently uncorrelated. During computation, unused high energy levels of the qubits can become excited, creating leakage states that are long-lived and mobile. Particularly for superconducting transmon qubits, this leakage opens a path to errors that are correlated in space and time. Here, we report a reset protocol that returns a qubit to the ground state from all relevant higher level states. We test its performance with the bit-flip stabilizer code, a simplified version of the surface code for quantum error correction. We investigate the accumulation and dynamics of leakage during error correction. Using this protocol, we find lower rates of logical errors and an improved scaling and stability of error suppression with increasing qubit number. This demonstration provides a key step on the path towards scalable quantum computing.

Published
2021
Full Text
View/download PDF

45. Accurately computing electronic properties of a quantum ring

Author

Neill, C., McCourt, T., Mi, X., Jiang, Z., Niu, M. Y., Mruczkiewicz, W., Aleiner, I., Arute, F., Arya, K., Atalaya, J., Babbush, R., Bardin, J. C., Barends, R., Bengtsson, A., Bourassa, A., Broughton, M., Buckley, B. B., Buell, D. A., Burkett, B., Bushnell, N., Campero, J., Chen, Z., Chiaro, B., Collins, R., Courtney, W., Demura, S., Derk, A. R., Dunsworth, A., Eppens, D., Erickson, C., Farhi, E., Fowler, A. G., Foxen, B., Gidney, C., Giustina, M., Gross, J. A., Harrigan, M. P., Harrington, S. D., Hilton, J., Ho, A., Hong, S., Huang, T., Huggins, W. J., Isakov, S. V., Jacob-Mitos, M., Jeffrey, E., Jones, C., Kafri, D., Kechedzhi, K., Kelly, J., Kim, S., Klimov, P. V., Korotkov, A. N., Kostritsa, F., Landhuis, D., Laptev, P., Lucero, E., Martin, O., McClean, J. R., McEwen, M., Megrant, A., Miao, K. C., Mohseni, M., Mutus, J., Naaman, O., Neeley, M., Newman, M., O'Brien, T. E., Opremcak, A., Ostby, E., Pato, B., Petukhov, A., Quintana, C., Redd, N., Rubin, N. C., Sank, D., Satzinger, K. J., Shvarts, V., Strain, D., Szalay, M., Trevithick, M. D., Villalonga, B., White, T. C., Yao, Z., Yeh, P., Zalcman, A., Neven, H., Boixo, S., Ioffe, L. B., Roushan, P., Chen, Y., and Smelyanskiy, V.

Subjects
Quantum Physics
Abstract

A promising approach to study condensed-matter systems is to simulate them on an engineered quantum platform. However, achieving the accuracy needed to outperform classical methods has been an outstanding challenge. Here, using eighteen superconducting qubits, we provide an experimental blueprint for an accurate condensed-matter simulator and demonstrate how to probe fundamental electronic properties. We benchmark the underlying method by reconstructing the single-particle band-structure of a one-dimensional wire. We demonstrate nearly complete mitigation of decoherence and readout errors and arrive at an accuracy in measuring energy eigenvalues of this wire with an error of ~0.01 rad, whereas typical energy scales are of order 1 rad. Insight into this unprecedented algorithm fidelity is gained by highlighting robust properties of a Fourier transform, including the ability to resolve eigenenergies with a statistical uncertainty of 1e-4 rad. Furthermore, we synthesize magnetic flux and disordered local potentials, two key tenets of a condensed-matter system. When sweeping the magnetic flux, we observe avoided level crossings in the spectrum, a detailed fingerprint of the spatial distribution of local disorder. Combining these methods, we reconstruct electronic properties of the eigenstates where we observe persistent currents and a strong suppression of conductance with added disorder. Our work describes an accurate method for quantum simulation and paves the way to study novel quantum materials with superconducting qubits.

Published
2020
Full Text
View/download PDF

Catalog

Books, media, physical & digital resources
See catalog results