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This paper focuses on developing a novel control strategy of synchronizer for dual clutch transmission. The synchronization process is investigated and a mathematical model of synchronizer is proposed. The paper proposes a switch control method for synchronizer which is a hybrid dynamical system. The simulation results demonstrate that the performance of the switch controller is reasonable and effective.

The thermal decompositions of Ca-bentonites (CaB) from Santai, Shichuan Province, China, over the temperature range of 30–1,100 °C were investigated by simultaneous thermal analyzer. Non-isothermal kinetic analysis was employed to study the thermal decomposition mechanism by using Netzsch Thermokinetics software. Flynn-Wall-Ozawa and Friedman isoconversional methods were used to calculate the activation energy and analyze the reaction steps. The probable mechanism and the corresponding kinetic parameters were determined by multivariate non-linear regression program. The results show that the thermal decomposition process of CaB over the temperature range of 30–800 °C is a kind of six-step, competitive reaction (F 1 D 3 F n C 1E F n F n model). The dehydration reaction is controlled by two consecutive mechanisms, nucleation and growth, followed by a diffusion-controlled reaction (F 1 D 3 model), the first step: E = 61.68 kJ mol−1, logA = 6.75 s−1; the second step: E = 50.73 kJ mol−1, logA = 3.11 s−1. The dehydroxylation reaction is controlled by three-step competitive mechanisms, an autocatalytically activated, initial reaction followed by n-order competitive reaction (C 1E F n F n model), the first step: E = 124.74 kJ mol−1, logA = 5.67 s−1; the second step: E = 245.29 kJ mol−1, logA = 11.69 s−1; the third step : E = 261.73 kJ mol−1, logA = 11.23 s−1. A combination reaction of the dehydration and dehydroxylation is observed, and controlled by one n-order reaction (F n model), E = 8.99 kJ mol−1, logA = −1.91 s−1.

There were twice major collision orogenic events in Jiaodong area in Mesozoic period. It showed as three times of magmatic activities and stretching in Jiaodong area. In this paper, based on collecting age datas, referring to the previous classification scheme, a chronological frame pattern of Yanshanian granites had been put forward: Linglong-Kunyushan granite emplacement was in in 160~150Ma; the formation of Guojialing granodiorite was in 130~126Ma; Weideshan granodiorite-granite emplacement was in 120~110Ma; Laoshan A-type miarolitic cavity parlkaline alkali feldspar granite emplacement was in 110~100Ma and represented the end of Yanshan movement. Gold mineralization in three periods in this area had coupled relation with Linglong-Kunyushan granite, Guojialing granodiorite and Weideshan granodiorite-granite. Jiaodong tectonic-magmatic events and gold mineralization were controlled by the interactions among Tethyan tectonic domain, Paleo-ocean tectonic domain and the Pacific tectonic domain.

The mineralization of collision orogeny is an important part of continental dynamics. For the process of continental dynamics of Shandong, adoption of tectonic facies mapping is main carrier and specific expression form to these researches such as divergence of continental mass, convergence, collision and orogeny. Shandong tectonic facies mapping of 1:500000 scale worked out by author shows that there are two very important events of collision orogeny in Mesozoic this areaIndochina and Yanshan collision orogeny. The Indochina orogeny is mainly characterized as subduction from Yangtze to North China Plates, based on which Sulu high-ultra high pressure zone of metamorphism, syn-orogenic granite and post-orogenic high alkali sinaite are formed. Continental dynamics environment of the Yanshan orogeny derives from transformation from Central Asia-Tethys tectonic domain to marginal-Pacific tectonic domain and subduction of Pacific plates, and it appears as three orogenys and three stretching in the east of Shandong. Magmatic rocks of orogeny related with gold ores can be divided into four combinations as follows: Linglong gneissic granite of the early orogenic period (J3), Guojialing granodiorite-granite of the middle orogenic period (K1), Weideshan diorite-granodiorite-granite of the late orogenic period (K1) and A-type Laoshan geode parlkaline alkali granitesyenogranite of the post orogenic period. For combination of Guojialing granodiorite-granite of the middle orogenic period, SHRIMP U-Pb ages concentrate in 130~126Ma, which are closely related with emplacement of gold ores, and formed ages of gold ores this area concentrate in 115~120Ma, which basically stand for the age of main mineralization period. Polymetallic ores are related with combination of Weideshan diorite-granodiorite-granite of the late orogenic period, and it was also the superimposed mineralization period in the east of Shandong. Tectonics-magma activities and gold ores mineralization are controlled by interaction of three tectonic domains that are tethys, Paleo-Asian Ocean and Pacific. Dynamics background of gold ores this area is transition of tectonic system and lithospheric thinning in Mesozoic, which is related with collision of North China and Yangtze Plates and subduction of Pacific Plates.

This research studies the displacement on the windings of transformer due to multiple short-circuit forces. The power transformer winding deformations cumulative impact of multiple short-circuits are studied. the cumulative impact of multiple short-circuit deformation of laminated cylindrical shell with stiffeners model is established, the impact of accumulated deformation of multiple short-circuit of transformer winding is calculated with large deformation elastic-plastic theory , the text introduced by the theoretical formula for power transformer windings of the elastic-plastic deformation analysis of and winding to determine the stability have great significance, To verify the computation results, they are compared with those obtained using ANSYS software simulation.

Pentadiagonal Toeplitz systems of linear equations arise in many application areas. Because of the structure and many good properties of pentadiagonal Toeplitz matrices, they have been applied in Mechanical Control. Based on [1], in this paper, we present an improved fast algorithm for solving symmetric pentadiagonal Toeplitz systems.

This research studies the magnetic field and forces on the windings of transformer due to short circuit. Three dimensional finite element computation of three-phase power transformer is carried out. The model developed have been applied to power transformer and the results are verified experimentally. To verify the computation results, they are compared with those obtained using ANSYS software simulation.

Background In recent years, investigations of Toxoplasma gondii infection in poultry (chickens, ducks, and geese) have been reported worldwide, including China. However, little is known about the prevalence of T. gondii infection in poultry in northeastern China. Therefore, the present study was performed to determine the prevalence of T. gondii infection in slaughtered chickens, ducks, and geese in Shenyang, northeastern China. Methods In the present study, the seroprevalence of T. gondii in 502 adult chickens, 268 adult ducks, and 128 adult geese was surveyed using the modified agglutination test (MAT). Results The seroprevalences of T. gondii were 5.8%, 7.8%, and 4.7% in chickens, ducks, and geese, respectively. Prevalence was higher in free-range groups (11.2%, 12.3%, and 8.9%) than caged groups (4.7%, 7.5%, and 6.0%), and there was a statistically significant difference only between free-range chickens and caged chickens, but no significant difference was found between free-range ducks, geese and caged ducks, geese. Conclusions The present study shows the prescence of T. gondii infection in slaughtered chickens, ducks, and geese in Shenyang, northeastern China, which suggests that consumption of poultry meat in Shenyang may pose a potential threat to human health and should be given attention.