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The circadian clock plays a critical role in synchronizing the inner molecular, metabolic and physiological processes to environmental cues that cycle with a period of 24 h. Non-24 h and shift schedules are commonly used in maritime operations, and both of which can disturb circadian rhythms. In this study, we first conducted an experiment in which the volunteers followed a 3-d rotary schedule with consecutive shift in sleep time (rotatory schedule), and analyzed the changes in salivary cortisol rhythms and blood variables. Next we conducted another experiment in which the volunteers followed an 8 h-on and 4-h off schedule (non-24-h schedule) to compare the changes in blood/serum variables. The rotatory schedule led to elevated levels of serum cortisol during the early stage, and the phase became delayed during the early and late stages. Interestingly, both of the schedules caused comprehensive changes in blood/serum biochemical variables and increased phosphate levels. Furthermore, transcriptomic analysis of the plasma miRNAs from the volunteers following the rotatory schedule identified a subset of serum miRNAs targeting genes involved in circadian rhythms, sleep homeostasis, phosphate transport and multiple important physiological processes. Overexpression of miRNAs targeting the phosphate transport associated genes, SLC20A1 and SLC20A2, showed altered expression due to rotary schedule resulted in attenuated cellular levels of phosphate, which might account for the changed levels in serum phosphate. These findings would further our understanding of the deleterious effects of shift schedules and help to optimize and enhance the performances and welfare of personnel working on similar schedules.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of carboprost tromethamine on post-partum hemorrhage associated with caesarean section.Methods: One hundred patients with postpartum hemorrhage induced by cesarean section who were admitted to Binzhou People’s Hospital from October 2016 to August 2018 were selected. They were randomly assigned to two groups: control group and treatment group. Patients in the control group were administered oxytocin, while those in the treatment group received oxytocin in combination with carboprost tromethamine. The incidence of hemorrhage and adverse reactions were compared for the two groups.Results: The two groups showed gradually increasing degrees of postpartum hemorrhage within 24 h, but the treatment group had significantly lower volume of postpartum hemorrhage than the control group at different time points (p < 0.05). At the 1st, 3rd and 5th days after delivery, the height of the uterine fundus decreased gradually in the two groups, but was smaller in the treatment group than in the oxytocin group at all time points (p < 0.05). Total response in the treatment group was 98 %, which was significantly higher than 78 % in the control group (p < 0.05). The incidence of adverse reactions in the treatment group (12 %) was significantly lower than that in the control group (24 %, p < 0.05).Conclusion: Carboprost tromethamine prevents postpartum hemorrhage after cesarean section. It effectively reduces bleeding and promotes uterine involution, without obvious adverse reactions. Keywords: Carboprost tromethamine, Oxytocin, Cesarean section, Postpartum hemorrhage

Background: Circadian clock plays a critical role in synchronizing the inner molecular, metabolic and physiological processes to the environmental cues with a period of 24 h. Misalignment in the circadian rhythms leads to decreased adaptation and performance and increased risk of associated disorders. The non-24-h schedules and shift schedules are commonly used in maritime operations, both of which could result in disturbance of circadian rhythms.Methods: In this study, we recruited volunteers and conducted two experiments: in one experiment 15 subjects followed an 8-h on and 4-h off schedule (non-24-h schedule), and in the second experiment 12 subjects followed a 3-d rotary schedule with consecutive shift in sleep time (phase-changing schedule). The serum/blood biochemical variables were measured and the serum miRNAs of the volunteers in the second experiment were subjected to transcriptomic miRNA sequencing.Results: The results show both of the schedules caused comprehensive changes in the blood/serum biochemical variables. Notably, significant elevation in serum phosphate was observed in both experiments: 1.210 ± 0.141 in control and 1.330 ± 0.117 in recovery (P = 0.014) in the first experiment and 1.193 ± 0.152 in control and 1.343 ± 0.099 in recovery (P = 0.007) in the second experiment. In addition, a subset of serum miRNAs targeting genes involved in circadian rhythms, sleep homeostasis, phosphate metabolism and multiple critical physiological processes or pathways were identified in the second experiments.Conclusions: This study reveals that non-24-h and shift schedules lead to changes in a large spectrum of blood/serum biochemical variables due to circadian misalignment. Schedules with frequent shift may cause remarkable changes in serum miRNAs which are involved in multiple physiological pathways. These findings would help understand the deleterious effects of shift schedules and develop optimized strategy to enhance welfare and performance of the shift workers.

A new approach of magnetic solid phase extraction (MSPE) coupled with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS) has been developed for the speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) using zincon-immobilized silica-coated magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles (Zincon-Si-MNPs) as the MSPE absorbent. Cr(III) was quantitatively reserved on the absorbent at pH 9.1 while total Cr was reserved at pH 6.5. The absorbed Cr species were eluted by using 2 mol/L HCl and detected by GFAAS. The concentration of Cr(VI) could be calculated by subtracting Cr(III) from total Cr. All the parameters affecting the separation and extraction efficiency of Cr species such as pH, extraction time, concentration and volume of eluent, sample volume and influence of co-existing ions were systematically examined and the optimized conditions were established accordingly. The detection limit (LOD) of the method was 0.016 and 0.011 ng mL(-1) for Cr(III) and Cr(VI), respectively, with the enrichment factor of 100 and 150. The precisions of this method (Relative standard deviation, RSD, n=7) for Cr(III) and Cr(VI) at 0.1 ng mL(-1) were 6.0% and 6.2%, respectively. In order to validate the proposed method, a certified reference material of environmental water was analyzed, and the result of Cr speciation was in good agreement with the certified value. This MSPE-GFAAS method has been successfully applied for the speciation of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) in lake and tap waters with the recoveries of 88-109% for the spiked samples. Moreover, the MSPE separation mechanism of Cr(III) and Cr(VI) based on their adsorption-desorption on Zincon-Si-MNPs has been explained through various spectroscopic characterization.

A new protocol using zincon-immobilized silica-coated magnetic Fe(3)O(4) nanoparticles (Zincon-Si-MNPs) as solid-phase extraction (SPE) medium has been developed for the separation and preconcentration of trace lead in water. Various parameters such as pH, extraction time, concentration and volume of eluent, sample volume, and influence of co-existing ions have been investigated in order to establish the optimum conditions for the determination of lead in combination with graphite furnace atomic absorption spectrometry (GFAAS). The detection limit (LOD) of the proposed method for lead based on an enrichment factor of 200 was 10 ng L(-1). The relative standard deviations (RSDs, n=5) were 8.3%, 7.8% and 9.2%, respectively, at 5, 0.5 and 0.05 ng mL(-1) levels. This method has been successfully applied to the analysis of trace lead in natural and drinking water samples and the recoveries for the spiked samples were in the range of 84-104%.

In a VAV system the static pressure can be reseted based on the change of load. At low load conditions the duct static pressure can be adjusted lower, that make VAV terminal air valves in large opening as far as possible.And lower fan outlet pressure can effectively reduce fan energy consumption. This paper presents a method using iterative algorithm to control the fan frequency. It can improve the dynamic quality of the control system. Satisfying the requirements under lower static pressure so as to achieve the purpose of energy-saving.

A kind of new combined modeling method with GM(1,1) and RBNN (Radial Basis Neural Network) is brought forward, according to the idea that the method of neural network can bring grey prediction model a good modified effect. Based on the analysis of the energy consumption data of the existing and the annually-increased building area, the GM(1,1) model was then constructed. And the RBF neural network was used for the model residual error revising. The simulation and experiment results show that the novel model is more effective than the common grey model.

To show the vegetation succession interaction with soil properties, microbial biomass, basal respiration, and enzyme activities in different soil layers (0–60 cm) were determined in six lands, i.e., 2-, 7-, 11-, 20-, and 43-year-old abandoned lands and one native grassland, in a semiarid hilly area of the Loess Plateau. The results indicated that the successional time and soil depths affected soil microbiological parameters significantly. In 20-cm soil layer, microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), MBC/MBN, MBC to soil organic carbon ratio (MBC/SOC), and soil basal respiration tended to increase with successional stages but decrease with soil depths. In contrast, metabolic quotient (qCO2) tended to decrease with successional stages but increase with soil depths. In addition, the activities of urease, catalase, neutral phosphatase, β-fructofuranosidase, and carboxymethyl cellulose (CMC) enzyme increased with successional stages and soil depths. They were significantly positively correlated with microbial biomass and SOC (P < 0.5), whereas no obvious trend was observed for the polyphenoloxidase activity. The results indicated that natural vegetation succession could improve soil quality and promote ecosystem restoration, but it needed a long time under local climate conditions.

Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine genetic polymorphisms at HLA-DMA/DMB loci in 125 healthy unrelated Han individuals from Guizhou Province. We found that the frequencies of DMA*0101, DMA*0102, and DMA*0103 alleles were 0.720, 0.242, and 0.036, respectively. The fre-quencies of DMB*0101, DMB*0102, DMB*0103, and DMB*0104 alleles were 0.620, 0.156, 0.188, and 0.036, respec-tively. Common genotypes for DMA were DMA*0101/0101 and 0101/0102. Common genotypes for DMB were DMB*0101/0101, 0101/0102, and 0101/0103. These results showed that the genetic polymorphism of HLA-DM gene in Han individuals from Guizhou Province is distinct from other regions.

Long-term interactions between vegetation succession and soil quality in alfalfa fields were investigated in the semi-arid Loess Plateau of China. The successional ecosystem is composed of six different planting-year alfalfa fields (namely, 3–5–9–15–21–25 years). The yield, cover, and height of alfalfa increased from 194 g dry hay m−2, 55.6%, and 52.8 cm in the 3-year stage to 406 g dry hay m−2, 85.5%, and 72.5 cm in the 9-year stage, respectively. Subsequently, they tended to decrease and reached their respective minimum levels at the 25-year stage. The density of alfalfa continued to decrease but the plant species richness increased with successional age. Microbial biomass carbon (MBC), microbial biomass nitrogen (MBN), microbial biomass C-to-N ratio and soil basal respiration (BR) at 0–20 cm soil depth decreased steadily from 3 years to 9 years, but increased from 15 years to 25 years. The values for metabolic quotient (qCO2) were the opposite of the above four parameters along the succession gradient....

AIM: To explore the role of psychological factors in gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) and their effect on quality of life (QoL) of GERD patients. METHODS: A total of 279 consecutive patients with typical symptoms and 100 healthy controls were enrolled in the study. All of the participants were evaluated with the Zung Self-Rating Anxiety Scale (ZSAS), the Zung Self-Rating Depression Scale (ZSDS) and the SF-36 questionnaire. The scores for anxiety, depression and QoL of the two groups were analyzed. The correlation between psychological factors and QoL was also analyzed. RESULTS: Compared with healthy controls (34.70 ± 8.00), the scores of ZSAS in the non-erosive reflux disease (NERD) group (48.27 ± 10.34) and the reflux esophagitis (RE) group (45.38 ± 10.27) were significantly higher (P < 0.001). The mean ZSAS score of the NERD group was significantly higher than that of the RE group (P = 0.01). Compared with healthy controls (37.61 ± 8.44), the mean ZSDS scores were significantly higher in the NERD group (49.65 ± 11.09, P < 0.001) and the RE group (46.76 ± 11.83, P < 0.001). All dimensions of the SF-36 form were negatively correlated with the SAS and SDS scores in patients with NERD and RE (P < 0.05). According to the SF-36 form, vitality, mental health and social functioning were significantly correlated with symptoms of depression in patients with NERD and RE. General health was obviously affected by symptoms of depression in patients with NERD (P < 0.05). CONCLUSION: Anxiety and depression may play an important role in the occurrence of GERD and especially that of NERD. The QoL of patients with GERD is reduced by anxiety and depression.

The dynamics of the soil organic carbon pool and soil fertility were studied in soils with different number of growing years of alfalfa ( Medicago sativa L.) in the semiarid Loess Plateau of China. The soil water content and soil water potential decreased and the depth of desiccated layers grew with the number of growing years of alfalfa. The soil organic C (SOC) cannot be enhanced on short timescales in these unfertilized and mowed-alfalfa grasslands in the topsoil, but the light fraction of organic C (LFOC), soil microbial biomass C (MBC) and microbial biomass N (MBN) all increased with the number of growing years. When alfalfa had been growing for more than 13 yr, the soil MBC increased slowly, suggesting that the MBC value is likely to reach a constant level. SOC, soil total P (STP), available P (AvaiP) and the ratio of SOC to soil total N (C/N) all decreased monotonically with the growing years of alfalfa up to 13 yr and then increased. SOC was significantly positively correlated with STP, AvaiP, soil total C (STC) and soil total N (STN) ( R =0.627**, 0.691**, 0.497*, 0.546*, respectively). MBC and LFOC were significantly positively correlated with the number of growing years of alfalfa ( R =0.873*** and 0.521*, respectively), and LFOC was more sensitive to vegetation components, degree of cover and landform than to the number of years of growth. SOC showed a significant negative correlation with LFOC/SOC and MBC/SOC ( R =−0.689**, −0.693**, respectively). A significant positive correlation exists between MBC and soil inorganic C (SIC). LFOC, MBC, LFOC/SOC and MBC/SOC were all significantly positively correlated with each other. Therefore, practices that involve water-harvesting technologies and add residues and phosphate fertilizer to soils should be promoted to improve soil nutrients and hydration and to postpone the degradation of alfalfa grasslands under long-term alfalfa production.

To explore the effects of low-dose insulin on oxidation-reduction of heart and kidney in rats immediately after severe burns.Twenty four male Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly divided into 3 groups of sham burn, burn and treatment (n = 8 each). The sham burn group was placed into 37 °C warm water for 15 seconds to simulate burn process and received no fluid replacement. The burn and treatment groups were immersed into (95 ± 0.5) °C hot water for 15 seconds to make a rat model of 30% total burn surface area, III degree burn injury and immediately received an intraperitoneal injection of physiological saline (40 ml/kg). At the same time, a subcutaneous injection of insulin (1.0 U×kg(-1)×d(-1)) was given in the treatment group and a subcutaneous injection of same-volume physiological saline in the burn group. The rats were sacrificed after 24 post-scald hours (PSH). Abdominal aortic blood was collected for an analysis of blood glucose. The oxidation and antioxidation parameters of heart and kidney, such as malondialdehyde (MDA), xanthine oxidase (XO), myeloperoxidase (MPO), total superoxide dismutase (T-SOD), superoxide dismutase 1, 2 (SOD1, 2), catalase (CAT) and glutathione peroxidase (GPx), were detected by spectrophotometry.Compared with the sham burn group, MDA content, XO and MPO activities of heart and kidney were significantly higher in the burn group (all P0.05); in the treatment group, MDA content and XO activity of heart were significantly lower than the burn group ((0.85 ± 0.07) vs (1.11 ± 0.07) nmol/mg, (69.72 ± 1.94) vs (77.21 ± 2.10) U/g) while the MPO activities of heart and kidney were significantly lower (all P0.05).compared with the sham burn group, the activities of T-SOD, CAT, GPx of heart and kidney were significantly lower in the burn group, SOD1 activity of kidney was significantly lower, but SOD2 activity of kidney was significantly higher while SOD2 activity of heart was significantly lower (all P0.05); Compared with the burn group, the activities of T-SOD and SOD1 of heart in the treatment group were significantly higher ((83.5 ± 2.5) vs (79.6 ± 3.2), (62.8 ± 2.3) vs (58.8 ± 3.0) U/mg), CAT and GPx activity of heart and kidney were significantly higher (all P0.05). Compared with the sham burn group, blood glucose in the burn and treatment group were significantly higher ((7.81 ± 0.30), (7.19 ± 0.22) vs (6.30 ± 0.24) mmol/L) and blood glucose in the treatment group was significantly lower than the burn group((7.81 ± 0.30) mmol/L)(all P0.05).During an early stage, a low-dose insulin may intervene in heart tissue lipid peroxidation of severely burned rats. And differences exist in the effects of oxidation-reduction between heart and kidney.

The equipment maintenance materials (EMM) supply chain is a kind of service supply chain(SSC) The EMM supply chain has its own inherent characteristics. The EMM supply chain should be integrated according to these characteristics. The integration content is provided from four aspects of information integration, process integration, organization integration and supplier relationship management. The aim of precise EMM support will be achieved through the information integration, logistics integration and organization synchronizing operation.

To investigate the expressions of 15- and 5-lipoxygenases in leukocytes and the changes of the levels of blood lipoxin A₄ (LXA₄) and leukotriene C₄ (LTC₄) in children with asthma.The mRNA levels of 15- and 5-lipoxygenases in leukocytes were assessed by RT-PCR, and the levels of blood LXA₄ and LTC₄ were determined by ELISA, in 106 children with mild, moderate and severe asthma. Forty healthy children served as the controls.In children with mild, moderate and severe asthma, the relative mRNA levels of 15-lipoxygenase in leukocytes were 1.78 ± 0.56, 1.28 ± 0.45 and 0.58 ± 0.22 (F = 16.72, P0.01), respectively, and all were higher than that of the controls (0.26 ± 0.12, P0.05). The levels of blood LXA₄ were (5.52 ± 1.97), (1.86 ± 0.72) and (0.81 ± 0.36) µg/L (F = 22.59, P0.01), respectively, decreasing with the severity of asthma, and all were higher than that of the controls [(0.04 ± 0.01) µg/L, P0.05]. There was a positive correlation between PEF, FEV(1) and blood LXA₄. The relative levels of 5-lipoxygenase mRNA in leukocytes were 0.26 ± 0.12, 0.79 ± 0.34 and 1.21 ± 0.52, respectively in children with asthma of mild, moderate and severe degree (F = 18.64, P0.01), which showed an increase with the severity of the disease, and all of which were higher than that of the controls (0.12 ± 0.05, P0.05). The levels of blood LTC₄ were (22.4 ± 8.2), (54.6 ± 28.4) and (118.7 ± 41.1) ng/L (F = 25.91, P0.01), respectively, also showing an increase with the severity of asthma, and were higher than that of the controls [(6.8 ± 2.5) ng/L, P0.05]. There was a negative correlation between PEF, FEV₁ and blood LTC₄.The reversed changes of 15-lipoxygenase product LXA₄ and 5-lipoxygenase product LTC₄ in children with asthma of mild, moderate and severe degree suggests that insufficiency of LXA₄, an physiological antagonist to leukotrienes, and an overproduction of LTC₄, may be involved in the pathogenesis of worsening of asthma in children.

Polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) was used to determine genetic polymorphisms at HLA-DMA/DMB loci in 125 healthy unrelated Han individuals from Guizhou Province. We found that the frequencies of DMA*0101, DMA*0102, and DMA*0103 alleles were 0.720, 0.242, and 0.036, respectively. The frequencies of DMB*0101, DMB*0102, DMB*0103, and DMB*0104 alleles were 0.620, 0.156, 0.188, and 0.036, respectively. Common genotypes for DMA were DMA*0101/0101 and 0101/0102. Common genotypes for DMB were DMB*0101/0101, 0101/0102, and 0101/0103. These results showed that the genetic polymorphism of HLA-DM gene in Han individuals from Guizhou Province is distinct from other regions.

To study the techniques of organic solvent extraction method and supercritical CO2 extraction for extracting Mosla chinensis Maxim volatile oil (MCMVO), and to analyze its chemical compositions.Organic solvent extraction method and supercritical CO2 extraction were used to extract the oil and GC-MS was used to analyze its chemical compositions.The best extraction techniques of organic solvent method to extract volatile oil should be divided into two steps, total time was 210 minutes, the total proportions of input of the solvent and raw materials was 8:1 (ml:g), and temprature was 65 degrees C, its extraction rate was 1.83%. The MCMVO was extracted by supercritical CO2, and its extraction rate was 3.4%. GC-MS was used to analyze volatile oil, the results suggested MCMVO contain thymol, carvacrol, P-cycmene, humulene etc. The thymol had the highest content accounts for 56.25%, and the carvacrol was 19.21%. The content of thymol and carvacrol of MCMVO extracted by organic solvent was 58.33% and 22.54%.the content of thymol and carvacrol extracted by organic solvent extraction method is higher than that extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction method. Chemical compositions extracted by organic solvent extraction method are less than extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction method. 10 compositions are firstly extracted by supercritical CO2 extraction method.

To explore the influence of ischemia/reperfusion (anoxia/reoxygenation) on immunofunction of endothelial cells (ECs) and effect of intervention with Yisheng injection (YSI, a pure natural medicine) on it.Model of ECs induced by anoxia/reoxygenation was established to mimic ECs ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo with human umbilical vein endothelial cell line ECV304. Then YSI was used to intervene the anoxia/reoxygenation process. Nuclear transcriptional factor-kappa B (NF-kappa B) was exhibited by fluorescent staining, HLA-ABC, HLA-DR, CD86 and CD54 were detected by flow cytometry. Mixed endothelial cell-lymphocyte reaction (MELR) was conducted to examine the proliferation of lymphocyte, production of IL-2 and percentage of apoptotic lymphocyte.Anoxia/reoxygenation made the ECV304 cell became round, shrunk and abscised, with increased plasma NF-kappa B, and changed from positive cytoplasm to positive nucleus. HLA-ABC, HLA-DR and CD86 on surface of cells increased but CD54 showed unchanged. MELR showed the incorporation of 3H-TdR and production of IL-2 increased significantly and the percentage of apoptotic lymphocyte decreased. After YSI intervention, the ECV304 cell shaped recovered, NF-kappa B expression didn't down-regulated, but the percentage of positive cells decreased, changed to positive dominant. Besides, reversal changes were shown in other parameters.Anoxia/reoxygenation influences some important immune related molecules in ECV304 cells, YSI could antagonizing these influences to maintain the immune function of endothelial cells in a relative normal manner.