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At present, the mechanism of fluorosis-induced damage to the hepatic system is unclear. Studies have shown that excess fluoride causes some degree of damage to the liver, including inflammation. The SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis has been reported to have an impact on the regulation of inflammation in human cells. In this study, we investigated the role of the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis and related inflammatory factors in fluorosis through in vitro experiments on human hepatic astrocytes (LX-2) cultured with sodium fluoride. CCK-8 assays showed that the median lethal dose at 24 h was 2 mmol/l NaF, and these conditions were used for subsequent enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPCR) analysis. The protein expression levels of SDF-1/CXCR4 and the related inflammatory factors nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB), interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α) and interleukin 1β (IL-1β) were detected by ELISAs from the experimental and control groups. The mRNA expression levels of these inflammatory indicators were also determined by qPCR in both groups. Moreover, the expression levels of these factors were significantly higher in the experimental group than in the control group at both the protein and mRNA levels (P < 0.05). Excess fluorine may stimulate the SDF-1/CXCR4 signaling axis, activating the inflammatory NF-κB signaling pathway and increasing the expression levels of the related inflammatory factors IL-6, TNF-α and IL-1β. Identification of this mechanism is important for elucidating the pathogenesis of fluorosis-induced liver injury.

Objective: To analyze the acupoint selection rules for cheek acupuncture in the treatment of chronic abdominal pain by data mining technology. Methods: The chronic abdominal pain medical records of Professor Ouyang Bowen in the outpatient clinic of Guangdong Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from January 2019 to December 2022 were used as the data source. The medical record data (basic information, Western medicine diagnosis, Chinese medicine diagnosis, Chinese medicine syndrome type, physical examination target, acupoint prescription, VAS score results) were entered into Excel2019 software to establish a database and standardize the processing. The frequency of acupoint use was descriptively analyzed by Excel 2019; the SPSS Modeler 18.0 Apriori algorithm was used to analyze the association rules of the prescriptions and mine the frequent item sets of acupoints; the SPSS 26.0 software was used to cluster the high-frequency acupoints, draw the pedigree diagram, and mine the clustering relationship between acupoints. Results: After strict screening according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria, a total of 133 medical records, 133 prescriptions, 21 acupoints involved, and a total frequency of 863 times were obtained. The top five acupoints in terms of frequency of use are back acupoints, cervical acupoints, lumbar acupoints, sacral acupoints, and abdominal plexus acupoints. Among the acupoint combinations, cervical acupoints, lumbar acupoints, and back acupoints have the strongest correlation; acupoints used more than 10 times can be divided into three effective clusters. Conclusion: Professor Ouyang Bowen treats chronic abdominal pain by regulating the autonomic nerves, focusing on the referred pain caused by visceral nerve sensitivity, and mainly uses spinal acupoints such as cervical acupoints, back acupoints, lumbar acupoints, and sacral acupoints. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Abstract The preparation of 2-Oxazolidinones using CO2 offers opportunities for green chemistry, but multi-site activation is difficult for most catalysts. Here, A low-nuclear Ag4 catalytic system is successfully customized, which solves the simultaneous activation of acetylene (-C≡C) and amino (-NH-) and realizes the cyclization of propargylamine with CO2 under mild conditions. As expected, the Turnover Number (TON) and Turnover Frequency (TOF) values of the Ag4 nanocluster (NC) are higher than most of reported catalysts. The Ag4* NC intermediates are isolated and confirmed their structures by Electrospray ionization (ESI) and 1H Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (1H NMR). Additionally, the key role of multiple Ag atoms revealed the feasibility and importance of low-nuclear catalysts at the atomic level, confirming the reaction pathways that are inaccessible to the Ag single-atom catalyst and Ag2 NC. Importantly, the nanocomposite achieves multiple recoveries and gram scale product acquisition. These results provide guidance for the design of more efficient and targeted catalytic materials.