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Little is known of pediatric clinicians’ experiences with and approaches to taking care of immigrant children who have been in US custody. The objectives of this article are to (1) recognize the challenges facing pediatric clinicians in caring for immigrant children previously in custody, and (2) propose ways that healthcare and legal professionals can collaborate to optimize the wellbeing of formerly detained immigrant children. We identify themes by assessing answers to multiple choice and short responses from a national survey. These findings can help to identify current issues faced by both detained immigrant children and pediatric clinicians, and suggest approaches to addressing these issues.

The American Academy of Pediatrics recommends that children and adolescents be universally screened for access to firearms and exposure to violence. The purpose of this study was to characterize how often pediatric residents at one institution document screening for firearm access and violence risk factors and provide risk reduction counseling in the primary care setting. A retrospective chart review was conducted at two primary care clinics in Baltimore, Maryland, for patient ages 10 to 25 years who were seen by resident physicians for well care between October 2019 and December 2020. We reviewed 169 patients' charts meeting the inclusion criteria. Forty (24%) patients had a documented history of exposure to violence or history of suicidal ideation. Based on resident documentation, one (<1%) patient was screened for firearm access or exposure to firearm violence and 10 (6%) were provided risk reduction counseling or any type of firearm safety counseling. Pediatric resident physicians at our institution rarely screen for firearm access or provide violence prevention counseling in the primary care setting. Targeted interventions and quality improvement projects are needed to address screening barriers and design novel interventions to overcome these barriers. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The article discusses in 2018, 1729 children under 18 years of age died as a result of firearm injuries. Topics include safe storage practices have effective in reducing firearm injuries, especially for children; and a nationally representative study of gun owners found 20% rated physicians as good messengers.

Adolescents (10-19 years) were more likely than younger children to require admission (OR 3.3, 95% CI = 1.7-6.7), Minority patients accounted for the highest proportion of inpatient admissions in the 5-9 year age group (82%, p = 0.006). Overall, there were no significant differences between children with and without inpatient hospitalization based on sex, race, residence or insurance. [Extracted from the article]

The article discusses the policy debate on the prevention of cervical cancer. It focuses on the human papillomavirus (HPV) vaccination program which is undergoing various stages in the implementation processes as set by different states. This report explains the various programs, proposed legislation, and the politics surrounding the program.

B Learning Objectives: b Children requiring mechanical ventilation are at risk of developing ventilator-associated complications (VACs). B Methods: b As part of a multidisciplinary quality improvement (QI) program, a patient data warehouse is maintained of all patients admitted to the pediatric intensive care unit (PICU). Patients with tracheostomies (n=46) had longer ventilation durations (6.1 days/ventilation) and more ventilation time (28.3 days/patient) than patients with endotracheal tubes (ETT) (5.6 days/patient). [Extracted from the article]

Introduction: Paediatric drowning is an injury associated with significant morbidity and mortality., Objective: The objective is to describe drowning trends, including associations with inpatient hospitalisation or fatality, in a state-wide paediatric cohort to inform prevention strategies., Methods: In this retrospective cohort study using the Health Services Cost Review Commission database, we used International Classification of Diseases, Tenth Revision (ICD-10) codes to identify patients aged 0-19 years with an outpatient (including emergency department) or inpatient medical encounter following a non-fatal or fatal drowning event between 2016 and 2019. Descriptive statistics and logistic regression were used to summarise the data and evaluate associations with inpatient hospitalisation or fatality., Results: There were 541 medical encounters for drowning events, including 483 non-fatal outpatient encounters, 42 non-fatal inpatient encounters and 16 fatal cases. Overall, most patients were boys, 0-4 years, white and lived in urban settings. White children accounted for 66% of encounters among those aged 0-4 years, whereas non-white children accounted for 62% of visits among those aged 10-19 years. Non-white children were more likely than white children to experience a fatal drowning (OR 3.6, 95% CI: 1.2 to 11.5). Adolescents were more likely than younger children to be hospitalised (OR 3.1, 95% CI: 1.6 to 6.5) and had higher charges in outpatient (p=0.002) and inpatient settings (p=0.003)., Discussion: Our study revealed high fatality rates among non-white children and high admission rates among adolescents., Competing Interests: Competing interests: None declared., (© Author(s) (or their employer(s)) 2024. No commercial re-use. See rights and permissions. Published by BMJ.)