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Self-etching primer adhesives have recently been introduced to simplify bonding. However, the fundamental bonding mechanism of self-etching primers to enamel is not yet fully understood. This study aimed to investigate resin–enamel bonds of self-etching primer adhesives on ground enamel. Two self-etching primer adhesives (Clearfil Liner Bond 2 V and Clearfil SE Bond) were used in this study. A total-etch adhesive (One-Step) was used as a control. Resin–enamel beams were subjected to the microtensile bond test. Subsequently, the failure modes of all specimens were quantified using image analysis. Undemineralized and demineralized ultrathin sections of the resin–enamel bonded specimens were examined using transmission electron microscopy. The bond strengths of Clearfil SE Bond (39.8 ± 11.9 MPa) and One-Step (46.2 ± 12.7 MPa) were significantly greater than that of Clearfil Liner Bond 2V (30.4 ± 6.2 MPa). Scanning electron microscopy of the fractured surfaces revealed the failure direction and weakest portion within each bond. Transmission electron microscopy showed a thin hybridized complex of resin in enamel produced by the self-etching primers without the usual micrometer-sized resin tags seen in resin–enamel bonds produced using the total-etch adhesive. The morphological features of the resin–enamel bonds produced by two self-etching primers tested were different from that created with the total-etch adhesive. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A variant of calcifying epithelial odontogenic tumor (CEOT) with Langerhans cells is reported. Compared to a typical CEOT, the tumor islands of this case were thin and composed of a small number of polyhedral epithelial cells. Almost no calcification of homogeneous eosinophilic materials was observed. In addition, clear cells which structurally corresponded to Langerhans cell were intermingled in the epithelial islands. These cells stain positively for S-100 protein, lysozome, MT 1, LN-3 and OKT 6 antibodies, but not for keratin antibody. Electronmicroscopic examination revealed the rod-shaped and racket-shaped structures called Birbeck's granules in the cytoplasm of these clear cells. Our observations indicate a variant case of CEOT with Langerhans cells in tumor nests. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

A case of epithelial-myoepithelial carcinoma (EMC) of the palate in a 72-year-old Japanese man is described. The patient had noticed swelling of the palate commencing about 20 years previously. Histologically, the tumor consisted of a proliferation of double-layered duct-like structures with two distinctive cell types. The inner layer was composed of eosinophilic epithelial cells, while the outer layer was composed of clear cells. Immunohistochemical analysis revealed that reaction products for total keratin were predominantly found in the cytoplasm of the inner epithelial cells, while those for S-100 protein and smooth muscle actin were observed only in the outer cells. Immunoreactive products for secretory component and lysozyme were found in some of the luminal contents and the inner cells of the tumor nests. These findings indicated this tumor to be an EMC of the palate, which had shown no aggressiveness over a twenty-year period prior to surgical excision. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]