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2. Correction for Dietz et al., “2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Built Environment Considerations To Reduce Transmission”

Author

Dietz, Leslie, Horve, Patrick F, Coil, David A, Fretz, Mark, Eisen, Jonathan A, and Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin

Abstract

Volume 5, no. 2, e00245-20, 2020, https://doi.org/10.1128/mSystems.00245-20. After original publication of this article, the following changes were made. Page 5, first paragraph, line 18: HEPA filters are rated to remove at least 99.97% of particles down to 0.3 μm (51). Most residential and commercial buildings utilize MERV-5 to MERV-11, and in critical health care settings, MERV-12 or higher and HEPA filters are used. MERV-13 filters have the potential to remove microbes and other particles ranging from 0.3 to 10.0 μm. Most viruses, including CoVs, range from 0.004 to 1.0 μm, limiting the effectiveness of these filtration techniques against pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2 (52). Furthermore, no filter system is perfect. Recently,.... was changed to HEPA filters are rated to remove at least 99.97% of particles at 0.3 μm in size, representing the most penetrating particle size (51). Most residential and commercial buildings utilize MERV-5 to MERV-11, and in critical health care settings, MERV-13 or higher and HEPA filters are used. MERV-13 filters have the potential to remove microbes and other particles ranging from 0.3 to 10.0 μm. Most viruses, including CoVs, range from 0.004 to 1.0 μm (52). However, viruses are rarely observed as individual particles, but instead are expelled from the body already combined with water, proteins, salts, and other components as large droplets and aerosols. Thus far, SARS-CoV-2 has been observed in aerosolized particles in a spectrum of sizes including 0.25 to 0.5 μm (96), necessitating high efficiency filtration techniques to reduce the transmission potential of pathogens such as SARS-CoV-2. However,.... Page 6, third paragraph, second sentence: Even though viral particles are too small to be contained by even the best HEPA and MERV filters, ventilation precautions can be taken to ensure the minimization of SARS-CoV-2 spread. was changed to Viruses are frequently found associated with larger particles (e.g., complexes with water, proteins, salts, etc.) in a range of sizes. Even though some of these particles have been identified in sizes that could potentially penetrate high efficiency filters, ventilation and filtration remain important in reducing the transmission potential of SARS-CoV-2. Page 10, Acknowledgments, first sentence: “We thank Jason Stenson and Cassandra Moseley for comments on the manuscript” was changed to “We thank Jason Stenson, Richard Corsi, Cassandra Moseley, and Linsey Marr for comments on the manuscript.

Published
2020

3. 2019 Novel Coronavirus (COVID-19) Pandemic: Built Environment Considerations To Reduce Transmission

Author

Dietz, Leslie, Horve, Patrick F, Coil, David A, Fretz, Mark, Eisen, Jonathan A, and Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin

Subjects
Biodefense, Vaccine Related, Emerging Infectious Diseases, Pneumonia & Influenza, Infectious Diseases, Lung, Prevention, Infection, Good Health and Well Being, COVID-19, SARS-CoV-2, building operations, built environment, novel coronavirus
Abstract

With the rapid spread of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) that results in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), corporate entities, federal, state, county, and city governments, universities, school districts, places of worship, prisons, health care facilities, assisted living organizations, daycares, homeowners, and other building owners and occupants have an opportunity to reduce the potential for transmission through built environment (BE)-mediated pathways. Over the last decade, substantial research into the presence, abundance, diversity, function, and transmission of microbes in the BE has taken place and revealed common pathogen exchange pathways and mechanisms. In this paper, we synthesize this microbiology of the BE research and the known information about SARS-CoV-2 to provide actionable and achievable guidance to BE decision makers, building operators, and all indoor occupants attempting to minimize infectious disease transmission through environmentally mediated pathways. We believe this information is useful to corporate and public administrators and individuals responsible for building operations and environmental services in their decision-making process about the degree and duration of social-distancing measures during viral epidemics and pandemics.

Published
2020

9. Twenty Important Research Questions in Microbial Exposure and Social Equity

Author

Robinson, Jake M., primary, Redvers, Nicole, additional, Camargo, Araceli, additional, Bosch, Christina A., additional, Breed, Martin F., additional, Brenner, Lisa A., additional, Carney, Megan A., additional, Chauhan, Ashvini, additional, Dasari, Mauna, additional, Dietz, Leslie G., additional, Friedman, Michael, additional, Grieneisen, Laura, additional, Hoisington, Andrew J., additional, Horve, Patrick F., additional, Hunter, Ally, additional, Jech, Sierra, additional, Jorgensen, Anna, additional, Lowry, Christopher A., additional, Man, Ioana, additional, Mhuireach, Gwynne, additional, Navarro-Pérez, Edauri, additional, Ritchie, Euan G., additional, Stewart, Justin D., additional, Watkins, Harry, additional, Weinstein, Philip, additional, and Ishaq, Suzanne L., additional

Published
2022
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14. Introducing the Microbes and Social Equity Working Group: Considering the Microbial Components of Social, Environmental, and Health Justice

Author

Ishaq, Suzanne L., primary, Parada, Francisco J., additional, Wolf, Patricia G., additional, Bonilla, Carla Y., additional, Carney, Megan A., additional, Benezra, Amber, additional, Wissel, Emily, additional, Friedman, Michael, additional, DeAngelis, Kristen M., additional, Robinson, Jake M., additional, Fahimipour, Ashkaan K., additional, Manus, Melissa B., additional, Grieneisen, Laura, additional, Dietz, Leslie G., additional, Pathak, Ashish, additional, Chauhan, Ashvini, additional, Kuthyar, Sahana, additional, Stewart, Justin D., additional, Dasari, Mauna R., additional, Nonnamaker, Emily, additional, Choudoir, Mallory, additional, Horve, Patrick F., additional, Zimmerman, Naupaka B., additional, Kozik, Ariangela J., additional, Darling, Katherine Weatherford, additional, Romero-Olivares, Adriana L., additional, Hariharan, Janani, additional, Farmer, Nicole, additional, Maki, Katherine A., additional, Collier, Jackie L., additional, O’Doherty, Kieran C., additional, Letourneau, Jeffrey, additional, Kline, Jeff, additional, Moses, Peter L., additional, and Morar, Nicolae, additional

Published
2021
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17. Exploring Integrated Environmental Viral Surveillance of Indoor Environments: A comparison of surface and bioaerosol environmental sampling in hospital rooms with COVID-19 patients

Author

Dietz, Leslie, primary, Constant, David A., additional, Fretz, Mark, additional, Horve, Patrick F., additional, Olsen-Martinez, Andreas, additional, Stenson, Jason, additional, Wilkes, Andrew, additional, Martindale, Robert G., additional, Messer, William B., additional, and Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin G., additional

Published
2021
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23. Indoor Air

Author

Velazquez, Samantha, Griffiths, Willem, Dietz, Leslie, Horve, Patrick, Nunez, Susie, Hu, Jinglin, Shen, Jiaxian, Fretz, Mark, Bi, Chenyang, Xu, Ying, Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin G., Hartmann, Erica M., and Ishaq, Suzanne L.

Subjects
CONSUMER PRODUCTS, ENDOCRINE-DISRUPTING CHEMICALS, 04 Earth Sciences, chemical intervention, VOLATILE ORGANIC-COMPOUNDS, 09 Engineering, SODIUM-HYPOCHLORITE, Engineering, HYDROGEN-PEROXIDE, WASTE-WATER, Humans, indoor microbiology, Built Environment, urface chemistry, 11 Medical and Health Sciences, Public, Environmental & Occupational Health, STAPHYLOCOCCUS-AUREUS, Building & Construction, INDOOR AIR, ANTIBIOTIC-RESISTANCE GENES, SURFACES, Microbiota, Engineering, Environmental, surface microbiology, Disinfection, occupant health, Air Pollution, Indoor, Construction & Building Technology, Life Sciences & Biomedicine, antimicrobial resistance genes
Abstract

Since the advent of soap, personal hygiene practices have revolved around removal, sterilization, and disinfection—both of visible soil and microscopic organisms—for a myriad of cultural, aesthetic, or health-related reasons. Cleaning methods and products vary widely in their recommended use, effectiveness, risk to users or building occupants, environmental sustainability, and ecological impact. Advancements in science and technology have facilitated in-depth analyses of the indoor microbiome, and studies in this field suggest that the traditional “scorched-earth cleaning” mentality—that surfaces must be completely sterilized and prevent microbial establishment—may contribute to long-term human health consequences. Moreover, the materials, products, activities, and microbial communities indoors all contribute to, or remove, chemical species to the indoor environment. This review examines the effects of cleaning with respect to the interaction of chemistry, indoor microbiology, and human health. Published version

Published
2019

24. From one species to another: A review on the interaction between chemistry and microbiology in relation to cleaning in the built environment

Author

Velazquez, Samantha, Griffiths, Willem, Dietz, Leslie, Horve, Patrick, Nunez, Susie, Hu, Jinglin, Shen, Jiaxian, Fretz, Mark, Bi, Chenyang, Xu, Ying, Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin G., Hartmann, Erica M., Ishaq, Suzanne L., Velazquez, Samantha, Griffiths, Willem, Dietz, Leslie, Horve, Patrick, Nunez, Susie, Hu, Jinglin, Shen, Jiaxian, Fretz, Mark, Bi, Chenyang, Xu, Ying, Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin G., Hartmann, Erica M., and Ishaq, Suzanne L.

Abstract

Since the advent of soap, personal hygiene practices have revolved around removal, sterilization, and disinfection—both of visible soil and microscopic organisms—for a myriad of cultural, aesthetic, or health-related reasons. Cleaning methods and products vary widely in their recommended use, effectiveness, risk to users or building occupants, environmental sustainability, and ecological impact. Advancements in science and technology have facilitated in-depth analyses of the indoor microbiome, and studies in this field suggest that the traditional “scorched-earth cleaning” mentality—that surfaces must be completely sterilized and prevent microbial establishment—may contribute to long-term human health consequences. Moreover, the materials, products, activities, and microbial communities indoors all contribute to, or remove, chemical species to the indoor environment. This review examines the effects of cleaning with respect to the interaction of chemistry, indoor microbiology, and human health.

Published
2019

25. From one species to another: A review on the interaction between chemistry and microbiology in relation to cleaning in the built environment

Author

Velazquez, Samantha, primary, Griffiths, Willem, additional, Dietz, Leslie, additional, Horve, Patrick, additional, Nunez, Susie, additional, Hu, Jinglin, additional, Shen, Jiaxian, additional, Fretz, Mark, additional, Bi, Chenyang, additional, Xu, Ying, additional, Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin G., additional, Hartmann, Erica M., additional, and Ishaq, Suzanne L., additional

Published
2019
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27. Reducing COVID-19 Transmission in the Built Environment.

Author

Dietz, Leslie, Horve, Patrick F., Coil, David A., Fretz, Mark, Eisen, Jonathan A., and Van Den Wymelenberg, Kevin

Subjects
BUILT environment, COVID-19, HEALTH facilities, MEDICAL care, COMMERCIAL buildings, OFFICE buildings, AIR pollutants
Abstract

In December 2019, SARS-CoV-2, a novel CoV that causes coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), was identified in the city of Wuhan, a major transport hub of central China. For a conceptualization of SARS-CoV-2 deposition, see Based upon previous investigation into SARS, spread through aerosolization remains a potential secondary transmission method, especially within the built environment. 1: Conceptualization of SARS-CoV-2 Deposition (A) Once an individual has been infected with SARS-CoV-2, viral particles accumulate in the lungs and upper respiratory tract. [Extracted from the article]

Published
2020

28. Inside OUT : Human Health and the Air-Conditioning Era

Author

Elizabeth McCormick and Elizabeth McCormick

Subjects
Environmentally induced diseases, Indoor air pollution--Health aspects
Abstract

Inside OUT: Human Health and the Air-Conditioning Era focuses on the enclosed environment of fully conditioned buildings, revealing a unique ecosystem with broad implications for human life and a rapidly expanding global footprint. Emphasizing the interconnections between buildings and human health, equity, and environmental sustainability, it presents an interdisciplinary, holistic analysis of the social, behavioral, and technological issues of indoor space.Over the 20th century, advances in mechanical conditioning technologies led to the dispersion and international dominance of the sealed building envelope, which casually and progressively disconnected buildings and their occupants from local climatic, biological, and cultural environments. At the same time, humans were increasingly pushed indoors by less tangible, socially constructed forces that associated climate control with cleanliness, health, social status, and modernization.In this volume, a multi-disciplinary group of experts on the indoor microbiome from the fields of biology, anthropology, and architecture come together to thoughtfully reflect on the history, properties, and meaning of indoor air quality in buildings, and to discuss the future of human habitation – with a dominant focus on human health in a post-pandemic world. Taking a human-first approach to health and sustainability, the authors weave together a compelling analysis of social and technological drivers of conditioned space with arguments for future interventions in the built environment.Amid growing awareness of air quality and climate concerns, Inside OUT provides a timely discussion of the relationship between building design and human health, of relevance to professional and academic readers from across the spectrum of the building industry, as well as fields including public health and environmental studies.

Published
2024

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