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In this study, we focus on the electronic bus (E-Bus) system developed for Taiwan's mountainous areas. The rural area in Taiwan with its towering mountains has become a sightseeing hot spot. The radio propagation of a (cloud-based) 4G/LTE network may be severely limited by the mountainous geography, leading to unacceptable connection quality. We have built a smart (fog-based) local wireless E-Bus system using a feature-enhanced long-range widearea network (LoRaWAN, also known as GloRa in Taiwan). Since there is no electricity on the mountain roads, the bus stops of this E-Bus system are operated by a dynamo. Furthermore, we present a virtual direction and position algorithm for multiple E-Bus lines. A novel sensing method using the dynamos is proposed to estimate the feasibility of the E-Bus optimization problem. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Salinity stress is a main factor affecting plant growth and crop yield. It is a simple and effective way to solve salt damage by genetic improvement. This paper reviewed the salt-tolerant germplasm resources, localization of salt-tolerant genes (QTLs), cloning, transferring and utilization of salt-tolerant genes through gene engineering technology. The paper also prospected the future of research on sorghum and salt tolerance, so as to provide theoretical basis for genetic improvement of salt-tolerant ability of sorghum and other crops. It could also solve the salinity stress problem, limitting crop yield and quality in agricultural production. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]