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Howella sherborni (Norman, 1930). Shortspine Basslet. To 11 cm (4.3 in) SL (Roberts et al. 2015). Circumglobal (Hatooka in Nakabo 2002); North Pacific Ocean south of Krenitzin Islands, Aleutian Islands (Busby and Orr 1999) to Chile (Kamikawa 2017). Depth: surface (nightlight; Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California) to about 2,700 m (8,858 ft) (Mecklenburg et al. 2002)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Roberts, C. D., Stewart, A. L. & Struthers, C. D. (Eds.). (2015) The Fishes of New Zealand. Te Papa Press, Wellington.","Nakabo, T. (Ed.). (2002) Fishes of Japan with Pictorial Keys to the Species. Tokai University Press, Tokyo.","Kamikawa, D. J. (2017) Survey fishes: an illustrated list of the fishes captured during the Northwest Fisheries Science Center's Fishery Resource Analysis and Monitoring Division's West Coast Surveys. NOAA Technical Memoradum, NMFS-NWFSC- 138."]}

Howella brodiei Ogilby, 1899. Pelagic Basslet. To 10.2 cm (4 in) SL (Roberts et al. 2015). Pacific and Atlantic Oceans; Oregon (44��04���N, 124��57���W) (Personal communication: University of Washington, Burke Museum of Natural History and Culture Fish Collection, Seattle, Washington) to Chile (Eschmeyer and Herald 1983). Depth: 30���2,750 m (100���9,020 ft) (min.: Fitch and Lavenberg 1968; max.: Personal communication: Scripps Institution of Oceanography Fish Collection, La Jolla, California)., Published as part of Love, Milton S., Bizzarro, Joseph J., Cornthwaite, Maria, Frable, Benjamin W. & Maslenikov, Katherine P., 2021, Checklist of marine and estuarine fishes from the Alaska-Yukon Border, Beaufort Sea, to Cabo San Lucas, Mexico, pp. 1-285 in Zootaxa 5053 (1) on page 145, DOI: 10.11646/zootaxa.5053.1.1, http://zenodo.org/record/5578008, {"references":["Roberts, C. D., Stewart, A. L. & Struthers, C. D. (Eds.). (2015) The Fishes of New Zealand. Te Papa Press, Wellington.","Eschmeyer, W. N. & Herald, E. S. (1983) A Field Guide to Pacific Coast Fishes of North America from the Gulf of Alaska to Baja California. Houghton Mifflin, Boston.","Fitch, J. E. & Lavenberg, R. J. (1968) Deep-Water Fishes of California. California Natural History Guides, No. 25, University of California Press, Berkeley."]}

This study combined morphological and molecular approaches to the species assignment of several rare or poorly known deep-water fishes caught between 549 and 1371 m depth during a Spanish bottom trawl survey in the Porcupine Bank, west of Ireland. The following fish species were identified: Nessorhamphus ingolfianus (Schmidt, 1912), Borostomias antarcticus (Lönnberg 1905), Scopelosaurus lepidus (Krefft and Maul 1955), Bathypterois dubius Vaillant, 1888, Evermannella balbo (Risso, 1820), Antimora rostrata (Günther, 1878), Melanonus zugmayeri Norman, 1930, Lyconus brachycolus Holt and Byrne, 1906, Paraliparis hystrix Merrett, 1983, Neocyttus helgae (Holt and Byrne, 1908), Platyberyx opalescens Zugmayer, 1911, Howella atlantica Post and Quéro, 1991, Lycodes terraenovae Collett, 1896 and Pseudoscopelus altipinnis Parr, 1933. The presence of L. brachycolus, P. opalescens and P. altipinnis is reported for the first time in the Bank. The DNA barcoding results were largely consistent with morphological identification in 10 species but four did not fit the current taxonomy, indicating cases of potential cryptic speciation, misidentification, synonymy or recent diversification. Among them, the results strongly suggest that P. garmani and P. hystrix are conspecific, making P. hystrix a junior synonym of P. garmani.

The mesophotic zone off the coast of Bermuda has been explored for macroalgae beginning with the R/V Seahawk cruises of the 1980s and most recently on the Nekton XL Catlin cruise of the R/V Baselin...

The osteology is described of Bathysphyraenops simplex, and its close relationship is demonstrated with genera Howella and Pseudohowella. These three genera should be classified into separate family Howellidae characterized by the specific structure of the bones of the infraorbital series, the absence of the hyomandibular process of metapterygoideum, and the reduction of the anterior plate of hyomandibulare, the absence of contact of pterygiophores of the 1st and 2nd dorsal fins, presence in front of the second dorsal fin of a free pterygiophore having no distal element, 16 caudal vertebrae, the characteristic structure of scales, and some other characters. The osteological distinctions of Bathysphyraemops simplex from Howella sherborni found for the first time are small and the author believes that some of them may make a case of interspecies variation within these genera. The revised diagnosis of the family Howellidae is presented. The status of the fossil genera Synagropoides and Cottopsis is discussed. They may become representatives of this family.

First the description of osteology and some morphological characters of the oceanic percoid, Howella sherborni, is given. Specific traits of Howella include features of the skullcap, bulla otica, and periocular bones, specific spiking of opercular bones, denticular contact of cerato-and epihyale from both sides, the presence of three rays on epihyale, and limited dental plates on basoibranchialia 2–3 and on lower pharyngeal bones; the presence of one strong spike on posttemporale, 1½ radialia associated with coracoideum, absence of articulation between the pterygiophores D1 and D2 (carrying of the spine D2), and the presence of a free pterygiophore, lacking a separated distal element, 10 + 16 vertebrae modified scales, and some other characters. The family-rank position of Howella is discussed. Taking into consideration some common specializations in genera Howella, Pseudohowella, and Bathysphyraenops, not indicated in other families of percoid fishes, I express an opinion on the possibility of restoration of the family Howellidae.

□ Howella sherborni (Norman, 1930) – No common name; ②③ This species occurs off the Azores, in the PECS area (72 NM southwest of the Albany Seamount)., Published as part of Carneiro, Miguel, Martins, Rogélia, Landi, Monica & Costa, Filipe O., 2014, Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf, pp. 1-73 in European Journal of Taxonomy 73 on page 48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.73, http://zenodo.org/record/3866515

Howella atlantica Post & Quéro, 1991 - No common name; ①②③ Post & Quéro (1991) reviewed the species Howella brodiei Ogilby, 1899, and demonstrated the existence of two subspecies: H. brodiei atlantica (Post & Quéro, 1991) from the North and tropical Atlantic and H. brodiei brodiei Ogilby, 1899 from the Indian and Pacific Oceans. The authors also showed that the number of scales between the origin of the second dorsal fin and the lateral line separates the Atlantic populations of Howella into two different species: Howella brodiei atlantica and Howella sherborni (Norman, 1930). Eschmeyer (2013) raised the subspecies Howella brodiei atlantica (Post & Quéro, 1991) to species level: Howella atlantica (Post & Quéro, 1991). The records of H. brodiei in the northeast Atlantic should probably be considered as belonging to H. atlantica., Published as part of Carneiro, Miguel, Martins, Rogélia, Landi, Monica & Costa, Filipe O., 2014, Updated checklist of marine fishes (Chordata: Craniata) from Portugal and the proposed extension of the Portuguese continental shelf, pp. 1-73 in European Journal of Taxonomy 73 on page 48, DOI: 10.5852/ejt.2014.73, http://zenodo.org/record/3866515, {"references":["Post A. & Quero J. - C. 1991. Distribution et taxonomie des Howella (Perciformes, Percichthyidae) de l'Atlantique. Cybium 15 (2): 111 - 128.","Eschmeyer W. N. (ed.) 2013. The Catalog of Fishes. California Academy of Sciences, San Francisco, California, U. S. A. Available from: http: // researcharchive. calacademy. org / research / ichthyology / catalog / fishcatmain. asp and http: // collections. calacademy. org / ich /"]}

The pyloric caeca and posterior intestine ofHowella brodieiare bioluminescent, and are associated with internal reflective tissues. The bioluminescence is not bacterial in origin. Unlike that of several shallow water apogonids, it does not depend uponVargulaluciferin.Florenciella lugubrishas bioluminescent oesophageal diverticula and is able to eject a pulse of luminescent material from beneath the operculum.The luminescence of the two species is compared with that of other perciform fishes.IntroductionThe perciform family Apogonidae (cardinal fishes) contains several bioluminescent coastal species in the Indopacific generaSiphamia, Rhabdamia, Archamia, andApogon. Their oceanic relatives are less well known and their systematic position is still a matter of some conjecture.Howellahas been assigned to the Apogonidae but has also been included in the Moronidae (Tortonese, 1986), and, more recently, in the Percichthyidae (Post & Quéro, 1991). Some authors have followed Mead & De Falla (1965) in assigning the oceanic apogonid-like fishes to the family Cheilodipteridae(e.g.Fedoryako, 1976), in recognition of the fact that they ‘are so different from their coastal relatives that comparison is pointless’ (Mead & De Falla, 1965).Bioluminescence has not been described in detail in any of the oceanic species. Mayer (1974) reported that one of the pyloric caeca inEpigonus macropswas separated from the others and associated with reflective structures. This strongly suggested that it was bioluminescent, based on comparisons with known luminescent shallow water perciforms, such as species ofPempherisandParapriacanthus.Mead & De Falla (1965) described a ventral reflective strip inRosenblattia robustawhich, by analogy with similar appearances in luminous neritic species, they considered a possible indication of bioluminescence.