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Chinese commemoration of the Second Sino-Japanese War has been explored almost exclusively within the nation-state framework. Little scholarly attention has been directed to investigating the transnational dimension of commemoration. The Chinese Kuomintang in Australia held commemorations from 1931 to 1933 to commemorate the deceased Chinese and the loss of Manchuria, appealing to Chinese Australians' loyalty towards their homeland and asserting Kuomintang leadership over them. However, the ideologies underlying these endeavours were challenged by the Kuomintang's rivals within the Chinese Australian community through competing commemorations of the war, intensifying the already existing political disruption among Chinese Australians. Factional competition over the memory of the war illustrates how different political priorities have shaped narratives of the past. This article examines those political commemorative expressions, with particular attention to the Chinese community in Sydney and Melbourne in the 1930s, in order to more fully understand the political life and relationship with China of Chinese Australians. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

This article explores how Chinese-language newspapers in Australia reported on China in the period 1931–37. These newspapers made efforts to build support for the Sino-Japanese war and influence Chinese residents in Australia. However, they offered contrasting views of the Chinese government ruled by the Kuomintang. The Tung Wah Times , along with the Chinese World's News , continued to publish anti-Chiang Kai-shek propaganda, arguing for a strong anti-Japanese resistance. But the Chinese Republic News and the Chinese Times demonstrated support for and understanding of the Chiang government's dilemma, though the political position of the former was much more fluid. The divergent views revealed the multiple loyalties of Chinese residents in Australia and their active community politics when their population in Australia was declining, and it was a reminder that the diasporic community cannot be homogenized with a collective concept of a "country." It also reflected their shared identification with the Chinese nation, showing different approaches to building up a strong home country. By shaping their readerships' Chinese patriotism and nationalism, these Chinese-language newspapers strengthened the connection and allegiances between Chinese in Australia and their homeland. 摘要: 本文以澳大利亚华文报纸为例，旨在探讨抗日战争初期，澳洲华文媒体对中华民国南京政府态度差异。虽然，这些华侨报纸积极支持中国抗战，但它们对于南京政府的态度却差异显著。《东华报》与《公报》主张反蒋抗日，而《民国报》和《民报》态度却大相径庭，支持南京政府，并对其困境表示理解。在澳大利亚种族主义政策和华人群体日益缩减的背景下，当地华人媒体就祖国抗日战争的激烈辩论反映了旅澳华人社会内部活跃的政治生态和激烈的政治分歧，亦难将旅澳华人群体以 "国家"概念同质化。虽然，旅澳华人媒体对南京政府态度迥异，但是，他们对中华民族的文化认同却十分一致，尤其是旅澳华人一致支持民国政府抗日御辱。通过强调侨民的集体记忆、身份认同等方式，这些华文媒体成功地激发了旅澳华人的民族主义和基于祖国的爱国主义精神，巩固了他们和祖国的联系。 [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The present work shows good control of both magnetic and electric properties with electric and magnetic fields, respectively, for epitaxial CoFe2O4 (CFO) films on Pb(Mg,Nb)O3-PbTiO3 (PMN-PT). X-ray reciprocal space mapping revealed a transformation between a- and c-domains in the PMN-PT under electric field (E). Magnetic hysteresis loop and magnetic force microscopy (MFM) measurements showed a considerable change in the magnetic properties in specific areas of CFO layers poled by MFM probe tips. Furthermore, a pulsed electric field applied to the substrate was found to switch the magnetization of CFO between high and low values, depending on the polarity of E. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The fringe magnetic field, induced by magnetoelectric coupling in a bilayer Fe-Ga/Pb(Mg1/3Nb2/3)O3_PbTiO3 (PMN-PT) multifunctional composite, was investigated. The induced external field is characterized as having a butterfly hysteresis loop when tuned by an applied electric field. A tuning coefficient of the electrically induced fringe magnetic field is derived from the piezoelectric and magnetostrictive properties of the composite. A measured maximum tuning coefficient, 4.5 Oe/(kV cm-1), is found to agree well with theoretical prediction. This work establishes a foundation in the design of transducers based on the magnetoelectric effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Background: Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is an autoimmune inflammatory disorder characterized by multiple affected systems. More than half of SLE patients will suffer from neuropsychiatric lupus erythematosus (NPSLE) during the course of their disease. Although nearly half of the NPSLE patients have normal MRI manifestations, the abnormalities found in the remainder can be located anywhere in the brain, and especially in the subcortical white matter of the frontal and temporal lobe. However, NPSLE involving the medulla oblongata and spinal cord which presents as the "owl's eye" sign has to our best knowledge not been reported to date.Case Presentation: A 19-year-old girl presented at our hospital with a 7-day history of fever and headache since a one day's exertion, accompanied by 2 days of weakness. The patient had slurred speech. Neurological examination revealed the presence of horizontal nystagmus and a limitation of bilateral eye movement when looking up and down. At the same time, she showed difficulty in raising the jaw, accompanied by a weak pharyngeal reflex. Muscle strength was remarkably decreased in all four extremities: the MRCS grade of the upper limbs was 4/5, while in the lower limbs it was 0/5. Hypotonia was apparent in the lower extremities. Regarding subjective sensation, the patient appeared to be experiencing an increased sense of pain in the whole body, and especially in the cervical region, abdomen, and feet. An examination of shallow reflex documented the reinforcement of the abdominal reflex. Deep tendon reflexes were symmetric: absent in lower, normal in upper extremities. The patient also had a stiff neck with a positive Kernig's sign. The laboratory examination showed elevated C - reactive protein and rheumatoid factor, as well as complement components 3 and 4. Symptomatic treatments were applied, but she did not respond well, after which we did immunological laboratory examinations. The results showed the presence of anti-nRNP/Sm, anti-dsDNA and anti-AMA M2 antibodies. An MRI scan and enhancement of the cervical and thoracic regions displayed abnormal signs in the medulla and bilateral anterior horn of the lower thoracic spine. Following the exclusion of other possible diseases, neuropsychiatric lupus was diagnosed. High-dose intravenous gamma-globulin combined with methylprednisolone gradually improved her condition.Conclusion: We report the first case of NPSLE presenting with medulla oblongata and spinal cord involvement, manifesting as the "owl's eye" sign in MRI. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

The magnetic and magnetostriction properties of Z-type cobalt-doped barium hexaferrite with perpendicular c-axis crystallographic texture are presented. The hexaferrite was utilized as a component in Co2Z/lead magnesium niobate-lead titanate multiferroic heterostructures whose tunability of permeability with electric field in terms of ferromagnetic resonance shift was supported by experiments and theoretical calculation. A permeability change of 16% was measured by an induced magnetic field of 38 Oe under the application of 6 kV/cm of electric field. These findings lay the foundation for the application of Z-type hexaferrites in tunable rf and microwave devices valued for sending, receiving, and manipulating electromagnetic signals. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]