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Objective To report 3 cases of Guillain-Barré syndrome (GBS) caused by heat stroke (HS) and review the relevant literatures, and summarize the clinical characteristics of GBS caused by HS. Methods and Results The three patients were all diagnosed and treated by The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University in August 2022. The clinical manifestations were mainly weakness of limbs and dysarticulation after recovery of consciousness disorder of HS, disappearance of tendon reflex as shown by physical examination, extensive peripheral nerve damage mainly caused by axonal damage and motor nerve involvement as shown by EMG. Cerebrospinal fluid protein cell segregation phenomenon was present in Case 1 and Case 2, and the clinical diagnosis was GBS caused by HS. The muscle strength was better than before after immunotherapy, but obvious neurological dysfunction was still found after one year follow-up. Conclusions GBS caused by HS is a severe condition, often appearing within 3 weeks after HS. Immunotherapy leads to varying degrees of improvement in muscle strength; however, significant neurological dysfunction still persist, resulting in a poorer prognosis compared to general GBS.

Rapid and effective control of non‐compressible massive hemorrhage poses a great challenge in first‐aid and clinical settings. Herein, a biopolymer‐based powder is developed for the control of non‐compressible hemorrhage. The powder is designed to facilitate rapid hemostasis by its excellent hydrophilicity, great specific surface area, and adaptability to the shape of wound, enabling it to rapidly absorb fluid from the wound. Specifically, the powder can undergo sequential cross‐linking based on "click" chemistry and Schiff base reaction upon contact with the blood, leading to rapid self‐gelling. It also exhibits robust tissue adhesion through covalent/non‐covalent interactions with the tissues (adhesive strength: 89.57 ± 6.62 KPa, which is 3.75 times that of fibrin glue). Collectively, this material leverages the fortes of powder and hydrogel. Experiments with animal models for severe bleeding have shown that it can reduce the blood loss by 48.9%. Studies on the hemostatic mechanism also revealed that, apart from its physical sealing effect, the powder can enhance blood cell adhesion, capture fibrinogen, and synergistically induce the formation of fibrin networks. Taken together, this hemostatic powder has the advantages for convenient preparation, sprayable use, and reliable hemostatic effect, conferring it with a great potential for the control of non‐compressible hemorrhage. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) is the sixth most common malignancy worldwide, and the development of novel therapeutic strategies for HNSCC requires a profound understanding of tumor cells and the tumor microenvironment (TME). Additionally, HNSCC has a poor prognosis, necessitating the use of genetic markers for predicting clinical outcomes in HNSCC. In this study, we performed single‐cell sequencing analysis on tumor tissues from seven HNSCC patients, along with one adjacent normal tissue. Firstly, the analysis of epithelial cell clusters revealed two clusters of malignant epithelial cells, characterized by unique gene expression patterns and dysregulated signaling pathways compared to normal epithelial cells. Secondly, the examination of the TME unveiled extensive crosstalk between fibroblasts and malignant epithelial cells, potentially mediated through ligand‐receptor interactions such as COL1A1‐SDC1, COL1A1‐CD44, and COL1A2‐SDC1. Furthermore, transcriptional heterogeneity was observed in immune cells present in the TME, including macrophages and dendritic cells. Finally, leveraging the gene expression profiles of malignant epithelial cells, we developed a prognostic model comprising six genes, which we validated using two independent datasets. These findings shed light on the heterogeneity within HNSCC tumors and the intricate interplay between malignant cells and the TME. Importantly, the developed prognostic model demonstrates high efficacy in predicting the survival outcomes of HNSCC patients. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new phenolic glycosides (1 and 2), one known analogue (3), along with a new diterpene glucoside (4) were obtained from ethanolic extract of the stems of Eurya chinensis R. Br. The structures of these isolated compounds were identified by extensive analysis of HRESIMS and NMR spectroscopic data. The cytotoxicities of these compounds were evaluated on MCF-7, A549, HepG2, CaCo2 and 5-8 F cell lines by MTT method, but no obvious activities were observed. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

C19H19NO7, monoclinic, P21/n (no. 14), a = 9.140(2) Å, b = 14.233(2) Å, c = 13.847(3) Å, β = 99.246(4)°, V = 1777.9(6) Å3, Z = 4, Rgt(F) = 0.0413, wRref(F2) = 0.0979, T = 296 K.

Two new withaphysalin-type withanolides (18-O-ethylwithaphysalin R and 5-O-ethylphysaminimin C, 1 and 2), along with twelve known withanolides (3–14), were purified and identified from Physalis peruviana L. The chemical structures of these new isolates were elucidated through analyzing spectroscopic and HRESIMS data. All the obtained metabolites were appraised for their potential antiproliferative activity against the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Compound 7 was discovered to exhibit potent activity with an IC50 value of 3.51 µM and compounds 2, 6 and 14 showed weak cytotoxic effect. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Two new compounds (1 and 2), belonging to C-20 oxygenated ent-kauranes-type diterpenoids, were identified from the aerial parts of Isodon serra. Their structures were elucidated by extensive analysis of HRESI-MS and NMR spectroscopic data. Both these two compounds possess a common 7,20-epoxy-ent-kauranes skeleton with a hydroxyl group rarely occurring at C-13. Compounds 1 and 2 were evaluated for their cytotoxic activity against Hela-60 and HepG2 as well as the antibacterial activity against Staphylococcus aureus, Bacillus cereus and Escherichia coli. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

One new oleanane-type nortriterpene, rosanortriterpene A (1), and one new ursane-type nortriterpene, rosanortriterpene B (2), were isolated from the fruits of Rosa laevigata var. leiocapus. The structures of 1–2 were fully characterised on the basis of extensive spectroscopic analysis, including IR, HRESIMS, as well as 1D and 2D NMR spectral data (HSQC, 1H–1H COSY, and HMBC). To the best of our knowledge, this represents the first study on the chemical constituents of R. laevigata var. leiocapus. Compounds 1–2 exhibited moderate inhibitory effects on NO production in LPS stimulated RAW264.7 cells with IC50 values of 29.29 ± 3.64 and 14.28 ± 1.20 μM, respectively. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]