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1. STCF Conceptual Design Report: Volume 1 -- Physics & Detector

Author

Achasov, M., Ai, X. C., Aliberti, R., An, L. P., An, Q., Bai, X. Z., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Barnyakov, A., Blinov, V., Bobrovnikov, V., Bodrov, D., Bogomyagkov, A., Bondar, A., Boyko, I., Bu, Z. H., Cai, F. M., Cai, H., Cao, J. J., Cao, Q. H., Cao, Z., Chang, Q., Chao, K. T., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H., Chen, H. X., Chen, J. F., Chen, K., Chen, L. L., Chen, P., Chen, S. L., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Chen, S. P., Chen, W., Chen, X. F., Chen, X., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. Q., Cheng, H. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, S., Dai, J. P., Dai, L. Y., Dai, X. C., Dedovich, D., Denig, A., Denisenko, I., Ding, D. Z., Dong, L. Y., Dong, W. H., Druzhinin, V., Du, D. S., Du, Y. J., Du, Z. G., Duan, L. M., Epifanov, D., Fan, Y. L., Fang, S. S., Fang, Z. J., Fedotovich, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, X., Feng, Y. T., Fu, J. L., Gao, J., Ge, P. S., Geng, C. Q., Geng, L. S., Gilman, A., Gong, L., Gong, T., Gradl, W., Gu, J. L., Escalante, A. G., Gui, L. C., Guo, F. K., Guo, J. C., Guo, J., Guo, Y. P., Guo, Z. H., Guskov, A., Han, K. L., Han, L., Han, M., Hao, X. Q., He, J. B., He, S. Q., He, X. G., He, Y. L., He, Z. B., Heng, Z. X., Hou, B. L., Hou, T. J., Hou, Y. R., Hu, C. Y., Hu, H. M., Hu, K., Hu, R. J., Hu, X. H., Hu, Y. C., Hua, J., Huang, G. S., Huang, J. S., Huang, M., Huang, Q. Y., Huang, W. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. J., Huang, Y. B., Huang, Y. S., Hüsken, N., Ivanov, V., Ji, Q. P., Jia, J. J., Jia, S., Jia, Z. K., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, J., Jiang, S. Z., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jing, H. J., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Ke, B. C., Kenzie, M., Khoukaz, A., Koop, I., Kravchenko, E., Kuzmin, A., Lei, Y., Levichev, E., Li, C. H., Li, C., Li, D. Y., Li, F., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H., Li, H. N., Li, H. J., Li, H. L., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, L., Li, L. Y., Li, N., Li, P. R., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, T., Li, W. J., Li, X. H., Li, X. Q., Li, Y., Li, Y. Y., Li, Z. J., Liang, H., Liang, J. H., Liao, G. R., Liao, L. Z., Liao, Y., Lin, C. X., Lin, X. S., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. W., Liu, D., Liu, F., Liu, G. M., Liu, H. B., Liu, J., Liu, J. J., Liu, J. B., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y. W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Liu, Z. Q., Liu, Z. Y., Liu, Z. W., Logashenko, I., Long, Y., Lu, C. G., Lu, N., Lü, Q. F., Lu, Y., Lv, Z., Lukin, P., Luo, F. J., Luo, T., Luo, X. F., Lyu, H. J., Lyu, X. R., Ma, J. P., Ma, P., Ma, Y., Maas, F., Malde, S., Matvienko, D., Meng, Z. X., Mitchell, R., Dias, J. M., Nefediev, A., Nefedov, Y., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pan, X., Pan, Y., Passemar, E., Pei, Y. P., Peng, H. P., Peng, L., Peng, X. Y., Peng, X. J., Peters, K., Pivovarov, S., Pyata, E., Qi, B. B., Qi, Y. Q., Qian, W. B., Qian, Y., Qiao, C. F., Qin, J. J., Qin, L. Q., Qin, X. S., Qiu, T. L., Rademacker, J., Redmer, C. F., Sang, H. Y., Saur, M., Shan, W., Shan, X. Y., Shang, L. L., Shao, M., Shekhtman, L., Shen, C. P., Shen, J. M., Shen, Z. T., Shi, H. C., Shi, X. D., Shwartz, B., Sokolov, A., Song, J. J., Song, W. M., Song, Y., Song, Y. X., Sukharev, A., Sun, J. F., Sun, L., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Z. P., Tang, J., Tang, S. S., Tang, Z. B., Tian, C. H., Tian, J. S., Tikhonov, Y., Todyshev, K., Uglov, T., Vorobyev, V., Wan, B. D., Wang, B. L., Wang, B., Wang, D. Y., Wang, G. Y., Wang, G. L., Wang, H. L., Wang, J., Wang, J. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, M. L., Wang, R., Wang, S. B., Wang, W., Wang, W. P., Wang, X. C., Wang, X. D., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. P., Wang, X. F., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Y. L., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. L., Wang, Z. G., Wei, D. H., Wei, X. L., Wei, X. M., Wen, Q. G., Wen, X. J., Wilkinson, G., Wu, B., Wu, J. J., Wu, L., Wu, P. W., Wu, T. W., Wu, Y. S., Xia, L., Xiang, T., Xiao, C. W., Xiao, D., Xiao, M., Xie, Y. H., Xing, Y., Xing, Z. Z., Xiong, X. N., Xu, F. R., Xu, J., Xu, L. L., Xu, Q. N., Xu, X. C., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. C., Xu, Y. P., Xu, Y., Xu, Z. Z., Xuan, D. W., Xue, F. F., Yan, L., Yan, M. J., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, X. S., Yang, B. F., Yang, C., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. R., Yang, H. T., Yang, J. F., Yang, S. L., Yang, Y. D., Yang, Y. H., Yang, Y. S., Yang, Y. L., Yang, Z. Y., Yao, D. L., Yin, H., Yin, X. H., Yokozaki, N., You, S. Y., You, Z. Y., Yu, C. X., Yu, F. S., Yu, G. L., Yu, H. L., Yu, J. S., Yu, J. Q., Yuan, L., Yuan, X. B., Yue, Y. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, S., Zhang, A. L., Zhang, B. W., Zhang, G. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. J., Zhang, H. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, L. M., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. L., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, R. G., Zhao, R. P., Zhao, Z. G., Zhao, Z. X., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, L., Zheng, Q. B., Zheng, R., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, X. H., Zhou, H. J., Zhou, H. Q., Zhou, H., Zhou, S. H., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, Y. L., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Y. X., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhu, J. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, R. D., Zhu, R. L., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Z. A., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., Zou, B. S., and Zuo, Y. B.

Subjects
High Energy Physics - Experiment, High Energy Physics - Phenomenology, Physics - Instrumentation and Detectors
Abstract

The Super $\tau$-Charm facility (STCF) is an electron-positron collider proposed by the Chinese particle physics community. It is designed to operate in a center-of-mass energy range from 2 to 7 GeV with a peak luminosity of $0.5\times 10^{35}{\rm cm}^{-2}{\rm s}^{-1}$ or higher. The STCF will produce a data sample about a factor of 100 larger than that by the present $\tau$-Charm factory -- the BEPCII, providing a unique platform for exploring the asymmetry of matter-antimatter (charge-parity violation), in-depth studies of the internal structure of hadrons and the nature of non-perturbative strong interactions, as well as searching for exotic hadrons and physics beyond the Standard Model. The STCF project in China is under development with an extensive R\&D program. This document presents the physics opportunities at the STCF, describes conceptual designs of the STCF detector system, and discusses future plans for detector R\&D and physics case studies.

Published
2023
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2. STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

Author

Achasov, M., Ai, X. C., An, L. P., Aliberti, R., An, Q., Bai, X. Z., Bai, Y., Bakina, O., Barnyakov, A., Blinov, V., Bobrovnikov, V., Bodrov, D., Bogomyagkov, A., Bondar, A., Boyko, I., Bu, Z. H., Cai, F. M., Cai, H., Cao, J. J., Cao, Q. H., Cao, X., Cao, Z., Chang, Q., Chao, K. T., Chen, D. Y., Chen, H., Chen, H. X., Chen, J. F., Chen, K., Chen, L. L., Chen, P., Chen, S. L., Chen, S. M., Chen, S., Chen, S. P., Chen, W., Chen, X., Chen, X. F., Chen, X. R., Chen, Y., Chen, Y. Q., Cheng, H. Y., Cheng, J., Cheng, S., Cheng, T. G., Dai, J. P., Dai, L. Y., Dai, X. C., Dedovich, D., Denig, A., Denisenko, I., Dias, J. M., Ding, D. Z., Dong, L. Y., Dong, W. H., Druzhinin, V., Du, D. S., Du, Y. J., Du, Z. G., Duan, L. M., Epifanov, D., Fan, Y. L., Fang, S. S., Fang, Z. J., Fedotovich, G., Feng, C. Q., Feng, X., Feng, Y. T., Fu, J. L., Gao, J., Gao, Y. N., Ge, P. S., Geng, C. Q., Geng, L. S., Gilman, A., Gong, L., Gong, T., Gou, B., Gradl, W., Gu, J. L., Guevara, A., Gui, L. C., Guo, A. Q., Guo, F. K., Guo, J. C., Guo, J., Guo, Y. P., Guo, Z. H., Guskov, A., Han, K. L., Han, L., Han, M., Hao, X. Q., He, J. B., He, S. Q., He, X. G., He, Y. L., He, Z. B., Heng, Z. X., Hou, B. L., Hou, T. J., Hou, Y. R., Hu, C. Y., Hu, H. M., Hu, K., Hu, R. J., Hu, W. H., Hu, X. H., Hu, Y. C., Hua, J., Huang, G. S., Huang, J. S., Huang, M., Huang, Q. Y., Huang, W. Q., Huang, X. T., Huang, X. J., Huang, Y. B., Huang, Y. S., Hüsken, N., Ivanov, V., Ji, Q. P., Jia, J. J., Jia, S., Jia, Z. K., Jiang, H. B., Jiang, J., Jiang, S. Z., Jiao, J. B., Jiao, Z., Jing, H. J., Kang, X. L., Kang, X. S., Ke, B. C., Kenzie, M., Khoukaz, A., Koop, I., Kravchenko, E., Kuzmin, A., Lei, Y., Levichev, E., Li, C. H., Li, C., Li, D. Y., Li, F., Li, G., Li, G., Li, H. B., Li, H., Li, H. N., Li, H. J., Li, H. L., Li, J. M., Li, J., Li, L., Li, L., Li, L. Y., Li, N., Li, P. R., Li, R. H., Li, S., Li, T., Li, W. J., Li, X., Li, X. H., Li, X. Q., Li, X. H., Li, Y., Li, Y. Y., Li, Z. J., Liang, H., Liang, J. H., Liang, Y. T., Liao, G. R., Liao, L. Z., Liao, Y., Lin, C. X., Lin, D. X., Lin, X. S., Liu, B. J., Liu, C. W., Liu, D., Liu, F., Liu, G. M., Liu, H. B., Liu, J., Liu, J. J., Liu, J. B., Liu, K., Liu, K. Y., Liu, K., Liu, L., Liu, Q., Liu, S. B., Liu, T., Liu, X., Liu, Y. W., Liu, Y., Liu, Y. L., Liu, Z. Q., Liu, Z. Y., Liu, Z. W., Logashenko, I., Long, Y., Lu, C. G., Lu, J. X., Lu, N., Lü, Q. F., Lu, Y., Lu, Y., Lu, Z., Lukin, P., Luo, F. J., Luo, T., Luo, X. F., Lyu, H. J., Lyu, X. R., Ma, J. P., Ma, P., Ma, Y., Ma, Y. M., Maas, F., Malde, S., Matvienko, D., Meng, Z. X., Mitchell, R., Nefediev, A., Nefedov, Y., Olsen, S. L., Ouyang, Q., Pakhlov, P., Pakhlova, G., Pan, X., Pan, Y., Passemar, E., Pei, Y. P., Peng, H. P., Peng, L., Peng, X. Y., Peng, X. J., Peters, K., Pivovarov, S., Pyata, E., Qi, B. B., Qi, Y. Q., Qian, W. B., Qian, Y., Qiao, C. F., Qin, J. J., Qin, J. J., Qin, L. Q., Qin, X. S., Qiu, T. L., Rademacker, J., Redmer, C. F., Sang, H. Y., Saur, M., Shan, W., Shan, X. Y., Shang, L. L., Shao, M., Shekhtman, L., Shen, C. P., Shen, J. M., Shen, Z. T., Shi, H. C., Shi, X. D., Shwartz, B., Sokolov, A., Song, J. J., Song, W. M., Song, Y., Song, Y. X., Sukharev, A., Sun, J. F., Sun, L., Sun, X. M., Sun, Y. J., Sun, Z. P., Tang, J., Tang, S. S., Tang, Z. B., Tian, C. H., Tian, J. S., Tian, Y., Tikhonov, Y., Todyshev, K., Uglov, T., Vorobyev, V., Wan, B. D., Wang, B. L., Wang, B., Wang, D. Y., Wang, G. Y., Wang, G. L., Wang, H. L., Wang, J., Wang, J. H., Wang, J. C., Wang, M. L., Wang, R., Wang, R., Wang, S. B., Wang, W., Wang, W. P., Wang, X. C., Wang, X. D., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. L., Wang, X. P., Wang, X. F., Wang, Y. D., Wang, Y. P., Wang, Y. Q., Wang, Y. L., Wang, Y. G., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. Y., Wang, Z. L., Wang, Z. G., Wei, D. H., Wei, X. L., Wei, X. M., Wen, Q. G., Wen, X. J., Wilkinson, G., Wu, B., Wu, J. J., Wu, L., Wu, P., Wu, T. W., Wu, Y. S., Xia, L., Xiang, T., Xiao, C. W., Xiao, D., Xiao, M., Xie, K. P., Xie, Y. H., Xing, Y., Xing, Z. Z., Xiong, X. N., Xu, F. R., Xu, J., Xu, L. L., Xu, Q. N., Xu, X. C., Xu, X. P., Xu, Y. C., Xu, Y. P., Xu, Y., Xu, Z. Z., Xuan, D. W., Xue, F. F., Yan, L., Yan, M. J., Yan, W. B., Yan, W. C., Yan, X. S., Yang, B. F., Yang, C., Yang, H. J., Yang, H. R., Yang, H. T., Yang, J. F., Yang, S. L., Yang, Y. D., Yang, Y. H., Yang, Y. S., Yang, Y. L., Yang, Z. W., Yang, Z. Y., Yao, D. L., Yin, H., Yin, X. H., Yokozaki, N., You, S. Y., You, Z. Y., Yu, C. X., Yu, F. S., Yu, G. L., Yu, H. L., Yu, J. S., Yu, J. Q., Yuan, L., Yuan, X. B., Yuan, Z. Y., Yue, Y. F., Zeng, M., Zeng, S., Zhang, A. L., Zhang, B. W., Zhang, G. Y., Zhang, G. Q., Zhang, H. J., Zhang, H. B., Zhang, J. Y., Zhang, J. L., Zhang, J., Zhang, L., Zhang, L. M., Zhang, Q. A., Zhang, R., Zhang, S. L., Zhang, T., Zhang, X., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. J., Zhang, Y. X., Zhang, Y. T., Zhang, Y. F., Zhang, Y. C., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y., Zhang, Y. M., Zhang, Y. L., Zhang, Z. H., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhang, Z. Y., Zhao, H. Y., Zhao, J., Zhao, L., Zhao, M. G., Zhao, Q., Zhao, R. G., Zhao, R. P., Zhao, Y. X., Zhao, Z. G., Zhao, Z. X., Zhemchugov, A., Zheng, B., Zheng, L., Zheng, Q. B., Zheng, R., Zheng, Y. H., Zhong, X. H., Zhou, H. J., Zhou, H. Q., Zhou, H., Zhou, S. H., Zhou, X., Zhou, X. K., Zhou, X. P., Zhou, X. R., Zhou, Y. L., Zhou, Y., Zhou, Y. X., Zhou, Z. Y., Zhu, J. Y., Zhu, K., Zhu, R. D., Zhu, R. L., Zhu, S. H., Zhu, Y. C., Zhu, Z. A., Zhukova, V., Zhulanov, V., Zou, B. S., and Zuo, Y. B.

Published
2024
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13. Correlations Between Local Elastic Heterogeneities and Overall Elastic Properties in Metallic Glasses

Author

Sun, B. A., Hu, Y. C., Wang, D. P., Wen, P., Wang, W. H., Liu, C. T., and Yang, Y.

Subjects
Condensed Matter - Materials Science
Abstract

The common notion suggests that metallic glasses (MGs) are a homogeneous solid at the macroscopic scale; however, recent experiments and simulations indicate that MGs contain nano-scale elastic heterogeneities. Despite the fundamental importance of these findings, a quantitative understanding is still lacking for the local elastic heterogeneities intrinsic to MGs. On the basis of Eshelby's theory, here we develop a micromechanical model that correlates the properties of the local elastic heterogeneities, being very difficult to measure experimentally, to the measurable overall elastic properties of MGs, such as shear/bulk modulus and Poisson's ratio. Our theoretical modeling is verified by the experimental data obtained from various MGs annealed to different degrees. Particularly, we revealed that the decrease of Poisson's ratio upon annealing of MGs is associated with a much large shear softening over hydrostatic-pressure softening, and $vice$ $versa$ in local elastic inhomogeneities. The relative extent of the bulk versus shear modulus softens is extracted for different MGs, and is found to closely depend on the specific composition and their ductility. The implication of our results on the Poisson's ratio criterion on the ductility as well as the aging dynamics in MGs is discussed., Comment: 7 pages, 6 figures, 1 table

Published
2016
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14. Electron ITB formation in EAST high poloidal beta plasmas under dominant electron heating.

Author

Wang, Z H, Zhang, B, Gong, X Z, Qian, J P, Li, P, Hu, Y C, Wang, W, Jia, T Q, Guo, Y T, Zang, Q, Wang, S X, and Lu, D A

Subjects
THOMSON scattering, DISCHARGE coefficient, ELECTRON transport, CHARGE exchange, ELECTRON temperature, ELECTRONS, PLASMA confinement
Abstract

Plasma confinement and transport in tokamaks play a crucial role in the development of high poloidal beta steady-state operation scenarios. Therefore, it is very important to study the relevant mechanism of internal transport barriers (ITBs), which can help plasmas to obtain better confinement in order to achieve higher fusion gain. This paper mainly introduces the analysis of the characteristics of electron heat transport of discharges with ITB in high β P operation regime in Experimental Advanced Superconducting Tokamak (EAST). Based on the statistical analysis of stable discharges with β P > 1.5, it is found that there is an obvious bifurcation of the normalised electron temperature gradient (ETG) ( R / L T e ) in the range of β P = 2–2.2. Then the discharges of lower β P ( β P < 2, where the value of β P is below the bifurcation threshold) and of higher β P ( β P > 2.2, where the value of β P is above the threshold) were selected for analysis. The diagnostic data provided by Thomson scattering, x-ray crystal spectrometry and charge exchange recombination spectroscopy are used to provide reliable parameter profiles and then combined with the data of external magnetic probe measurements and the polarisation interferometer diagnosis system to fully reconstruct the balance. A relevant plasma current calculation model is used to calculate and analyse the current density profiles and power deposition, and then the transport analysis is carried out. Interestingly, in the higher β P discharges, it is found that the turbulence intensity provided by the CO2 laser collective scattering system gradually decreases and the normalised ETG R / L T e gradually increases. It is also found that the electron heat transport coefficient decreases in the discharge with higher β P and the growth rate of the electron-scale turbulence calculated by transport gyro-Landau fluid (TGLF) is significantly reduced. Meanwhile, similar conclusions are also obtained in the discharges when the β P is further increased. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2024
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15. STCF conceptual design report (Volume 1): Physics & detector

Author

Achasov, M., primary, Ai, X. C., additional, An, L. P., additional, Aliberti, R., additional, An, Q., additional, Bai, X. Z., additional, Bai, Y., additional, Bakina, O., additional, Barnyakov, A., additional, Blinov, V., additional, Bobrovnikov, V., additional, Bodrov, D., additional, Bogomyagkov, A., additional, Bondar, A., additional, Boyko, I., additional, Bu, Z. H., additional, Cai, F. M., additional, Cai, H., additional, Cao, J. J., additional, Cao, Q. H., additional, Cao, X., additional, Cao, Z., additional, Chang, Q., additional, Chao, K. T., additional, Chen, D. Y., additional, Chen, H., additional, Chen, H. X., additional, Chen, J. F., additional, Chen, K., additional, Chen, L. L., additional, Chen, P., additional, Chen, S. L., additional, Chen, S. M., additional, Chen, S., additional, Chen, S. P., additional, Chen, W., additional, Chen, X., additional, Chen, X. F., additional, Chen, X. R., additional, Chen, Y., additional, Chen, Y. Q., additional, Cheng, H. Y., additional, Cheng, J., additional, Cheng, S., additional, Cheng, T. G., additional, Dai, J. P., additional, Dai, L. Y., additional, Dai, X. C., additional, Dedovich, D., additional, Denig, A., additional, Denisenko, I., additional, Dias, J. M., additional, Ding, D. Z., additional, Dong, L. Y., additional, Dong, W. H., additional, Druzhinin, V., additional, Du, D. S., additional, Du, Y. J., additional, Du, Z. G., additional, Duan, L. M., additional, Epifanov, D., additional, Fan, Y. L., additional, Fang, S. S., additional, Fang, Z. J., additional, Fedotovich, G., additional, Feng, C. Q., additional, Feng, X., additional, Feng, Y. T., additional, Fu, J. L., additional, Gao, J., additional, Gao, Y. N., additional, Ge, P. S., additional, Geng, C. Q., additional, Geng, L. S., additional, Gilman, A., additional, Gong, L., additional, Gong, T., additional, Gou, B., additional, Gradl, W., additional, Gu, J. L., additional, Guevara, A., additional, Gui, L. C., additional, Guo, A. Q., additional, Guo, F. K., additional, Guo, J. C., additional, Guo, J., additional, Guo, Y. P., additional, Guo, Z. H., additional, Guskov, A., additional, Han, K. L., additional, Han, L., additional, Han, M., additional, Hao, X. Q., additional, He, J. B., additional, He, S. Q., additional, He, X. G., additional, He, Y. L., additional, He, Z. B., additional, Heng, Z. X., additional, Hou, B. L., additional, Hou, T. J., additional, Hou, Y. R., additional, Hu, C. Y., additional, Hu, H. M., additional, Hu, K., additional, Hu, R. J., additional, Hu, W. H., additional, Hu, X. H., additional, Hu, Y. C., additional, Hua, J., additional, Huang, G. S., additional, Huang, J. S., additional, Huang, M., additional, Huang, Q. Y., additional, Huang, W. Q., additional, Huang, X. T., additional, Huang, X. J., additional, Huang, Y. B., additional, Huang, Y. S., additional, Hüsken, N., additional, Ivanov, V., additional, Ji, Q. P., additional, Jia, J. J., additional, Jia, S., additional, Jia, Z. K., additional, Jiang, H. B., additional, Jiang, J., additional, Jiang, S. Z., additional, Jiao, J. B., additional, Jiao, Z., additional, Jing, H. J., additional, Kang, X. L., additional, Kang, X. S., additional, Ke, B. C., additional, Kenzie, M., additional, Khoukaz, A., additional, Koop, I., additional, Kravchenko, E., additional, Kuzmin, A., additional, Lei, Y., additional, Levichev, E., additional, Li, C. H., additional, Li, C., additional, Li, D. Y., additional, Li, F., additional, Li, G., additional, Li, H. B., additional, Li, H., additional, Li, H. N., additional, Li, H. J., additional, Li, H. L., additional, Li, J. M., additional, Li, J., additional, Li, L., additional, Li, L. Y., additional, Li, N., additional, Li, P. R., additional, Li, R. H., additional, Li, S., additional, Li, T., additional, Li, W. J., additional, Li, X., additional, Li, X. H., additional, Li, X. Q., additional, Li, Y., additional, Li, Y. Y., additional, Li, Z. J., additional, Liang, H., additional, Liang, J. H., additional, Liang, Y. T., additional, Liao, G. R., additional, Liao, L. Z., additional, Liao, Y., additional, Lin, C. X., additional, Lin, D. X., additional, Lin, X. S., additional, Liu, B. J., additional, Liu, C. W., additional, Liu, D., additional, Liu, F., additional, Liu, G. M., additional, Liu, H. B., additional, Liu, J., additional, Liu, J. J., additional, Liu, J. B., additional, Liu, K., additional, Liu, K. Y., additional, Liu, L., additional, Liu, Q., additional, Liu, S. B., additional, Liu, T., additional, Liu, X., additional, Liu, Y. W., additional, Liu, Y., additional, Liu, Y. L., additional, Liu, Z. Q., additional, Liu, Z. Y., additional, Liu, Z. W., additional, Logashenko, I., additional, Long, Y., additional, Lu, C. G., additional, Lu, J. X., additional, Lu, N., additional, Lü, Q. F., additional, Lu, Y., additional, Lu, Z., additional, Lukin, P., additional, Luo, F. J., additional, Luo, T., additional, Luo, X. 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Published
2023
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22. Bi(Li1/2Nb1/2)O3 addition inducing improved energy storage performance in lead-free BCZT ceramics.

Author

Hu, Y. C., Dang, S. T., Cao, J. Q., Zhang, W. L., Zai, Y. J., Xu, P. S., and Wang, X. W.

Subjects
*ENERGY storage, *LEAD-free ceramics, *POTENTIAL energy, *SPECIFIC gravity, *HYSTERESIS loop, *ENERGY density
Abstract

BCZT ceramics are considered to be a promising material due to the presence of its morphotropic phase boundary (MPB). However, most of the research on this material is focused on piezoelectric properties, and there is still a lack of research on energy storage properties. Here, a component represented as BiMeO3 [Me = (Li1/2Nb1/2)3+] with a similar structure as BCZT was introduced into ceramics to improve the energy storage properties. The phase composition changes, relaxation behavior, and energy storage properties of the samples were carefully investigated. The improved relative densities brought about by the introduction facilitate the increase in bulk resistance, thus increasing the break-down field strength. Due to the addition of BLN, the Curie temperature drops substantially below room temperature. Under the influence of phase composition and polar nano-regions (PNRs), BCZT ceramics exhibit slim hysteresis loops. In BCZT‒0.12BLN, the recoverable energy density can reach 2.06 J/cm3 and efficiency can stay in 80.5% at the same time. This proposed BCZT ceramic still has great research potential as an energy storage material. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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23. Structure, dielectric, and ferroelectric properties of Ni doping on Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics.

Author

Li, H. N., Li, J. H., Shi, Y. C., Zhang, B. H., Lin, L., Liu, R., Wu, S. J., Li, X. F., Shang, J., Hu, Y. C., and Wang, X. W.

Subjects
PHASE transitions, FERROELECTRIC ceramics, CERAMICS, DIELECTRICS, ENERGY density, DIELECTRIC loss, PERMITTIVITY, BARIUM titanate
Abstract

A series of Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1(Ti1−xNix)0.9O3 (BCZT-xNi) (x = 0, 0.01, 0.02, 0.04) ceramics were prepared by the sol–gel method. The XRD results demonstrate that there is no secondary phase, revealing that Ni completely entered the unit cell to form a solid solution. The microstructures for Ni-doped BCZT ceramics show the average grain size decreases significantly with the increase of Ni content. When x = 0.01, the sample shows relatively high dielectric constant (εr ~ 4473) and good frequency stability, and low dielectric loss at 102 Hz (tan δ ~ 0.004). Influenced by doping Ni, the Curie temperature decreases and the diffusion phase transition increases. The hysteresis loop becomes slimmer and residual polarization is reduced. The sample of x = 0.02 shows an energy density of 0.18 J/cm3 and an energy efficiency of 70.12%. From the present work, cation replacement is an effective way to adjust its ferroelectric, dielectric, and energy storage properties. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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26. Ant: A Debugging Framework for MPI Parallel Programs

Author

Lee, Jae-Woo, Bachega, Leonardo R., Midkiff, Samuel P., Hu, Y. C., Hutchison, David, editor, Kanade, Takeo, editor, Kittler, Josef, editor, Kleinberg, Jon M., editor, Mattern, Friedemann, editor, Mitchell, John C., editor, Naor, Moni, editor, Nierstrasz, Oscar, editor, Pandu Rangan, C., editor, Steffen, Bernhard, editor, Sudan, Madhu, editor, Terzopoulos, Demetri, editor, Tygar, Doug, editor, Vardi, Moshe Y., editor, Weikum, Gerhard, editor, Kasahara, Hironori, editor, and Kimura, Keiji, editor

Published
2013
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28. Enhanced energy storage properties in Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics with glass additives.

Author

Wang, X. W., Zhang, B. H., Shi, Y. C., Li, Y. Y., Manikandan, M., Shang, S. Y., Shang, J., Hu, Y. C., and Yin, S. Q.

Subjects
ENERGY storage, GLASS-ceramics, ADDITIVES, CERAMICS, GLASS, HYSTERESIS loop
Abstract

The Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (BCZT) ceramics added with Bi2O3–B2O3–SiO2 glass were synthesized by the sol-gel method, and the effect on their microstructural, dielectric, energy storage properties has been discussed. The SEM results demonstrate that the average grain size decreases obviously with reducing glass additive, which is enriched at the grain boundary. Owing to the addition of glass additive, sintering temperature decreases significantly. Moreover, the glass additives broaden the dielectric peak and the Curie temperature shifts toward lower temperature. The ceramic with glass additive shows better impedance properties than that of pure BCZT ceramics. In addition, the coercive field and remnant polarization of hysteresis loop were greatly decreased by introducing glass additives in BCZT ceramics. Notably, the sample with 5% glass additive shows the highest energy storage density (2.12 J/cm3) and the largest storage efficiency (90.5%) at 330 kV/cm electric field. These findings provide a potential pathway to enhance energy storage properties of BCZT ceramics in order to promote its energy storage application in practice. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2020
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29. Effect of (Bi, Li) co-doping on dielectric and ferroelectric properties in BaZr0.15Ti0.85O3 ceramics.

Author

Wang, X. W., Zhang, R. Y., Li, H. N., Zhang, B. H., Li, Y. Y., Ren, Z. Y., Hao, Y. D., Feng, J., Shi, Y. C., Yang, M. M., Li, X. F., Hu, Y. C., Shang, J., and Yin, S. Q.

Subjects
DIELECTRIC properties, CERAMICS, PHASE transitions, ENERGY storage, FERROELECTRIC ceramics, CURIE temperature, ENERGY density
Abstract

Bi and Li co-doping BaZr0.15Ti0.85O3 ceramics were fabricated by the solid-state method, and investigated the impact on the microstructural, dielectric, ferroelectric and energy storage properties. XRD results show that the structure is perovskite and there is no secondary phase in all samples. SEM pictures indicate that the average grain size significantly decreases as the doping concentration increase. In addition, the phase transition peak is broadened and the Curie temperature shifts towards lower temperature. This phenomenon provides a significant possibility for the application to room temperature, and diffuse phase transition occurs. Moreover, P–E hysteresis loops of all samples demonstrate that remnant polarization and saturated polarization diminish as the doping concentration increases. A high energy storage density of 1.23 J/cm3 is obtained in the doped sample, and the energy storage efficiency is also significantly enhanced compared with the undoped sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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32. Synthesis, analysis and characterization of alpha-Fe2O3 nanoparticles and their applications in supercapacitors.

Author

Lu, P. A., Manikandan, M. R., Yang, P. F., He, Y. L., Yang, F., Dang, S. T., Shi, Y. C., Lou, W. B., Liu, R., Wu, S. J., Li, X. F., Hu, Y. C., Shang, J., Yin, S. Q., and Wang, X. W.

Abstract

The development of iron-based supercapacitors has been gaining more attention in the field of energy storage applications due to their non-toxicity, abundance and low cost. In this paper, single phase hematite nanoparticles were synthesized by high temperature thermal decomposition method and directly served as electrochemical supercapacitor electrode material. Structural study (XRD) revealed the single-phase hematite nanoparticles formation with trigonal alpha-Fe2O3 structure. Morphological study (SEM) confirms silkworm chrysalis shape like morphology by many interconnected nanoparticles of the average size of 30 nm. The electrochemical study indicates that the synthesized hematite electrode material can maintain good farad capacitance at 100 mV/s and it shows a specific capacitance of 149.3 F/g at a current density of 1 A/g with the maximum energy and power densities of 4.20 Wh/Kg and 224.90 W/Kg, respectively. Equivalent series resistance and charge transfer resistance of alpha-Fe2O3 electrode material are 1.079 Ω and 9.055 Ω, respectively. This is attributed to the alpha-Fe2O3 nanostructure, which can provide a large contact area between electrode and electrolyte for ionic reaction and transport. The material can still retain 43.8% of the initial specific capacitance after 5000 cycles. The investigation results show that the hematite nanoparticle-based electrode material holds great potential in electrochemical supercapacitors and provides a certain reference in the direction of global energy needs. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2023
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35. Naturalistic Physical Adversarial Patch for Object Detectors

Author

Hu, Y.-C.-T., Kung, B.-H., Tan, Daniel Stanley, Chen, J.-C., Hua, K.-L., Cheng, W.-H., RS-Research Program Towards High-Quality and Intelligent Software (THIS), and Department of Computer Science

Abstract

Most prior works on physical adversarial attacks mainly focus on the attack performance but seldom enforce any restrictions over the appearance of the generated adversarial patches. This leads to conspicuous and attention-grabbing patterns for the generated patches which can be easily identified by humans. To address this issue, we pro-pose a method to craft physical adversarial patches for object detectors by leveraging the learned image manifold of a pretrained generative adversarial network (GAN) (e.g., BigGAN and StyleGAN) upon real-world images. Through sampling the optimal image from the GAN, our method can generate natural looking adversarial patches while maintaining high attack performance. With extensive experiments on both digital and physical domains and several independent subjective surveys, the results show that our proposed method produces significantly more realistic and natural looking patches than several state-of-the-art base-lines while achieving competitive attack performance.

Published
2021

37. Dielectric and energy storage properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 ceramics with different aging temperature during the sol–gel process.

Author

Dang, S. T., Xue, L. L., He, L. F., Shi, Y. C., Li, H. N., Hu, Y. C., Shang, J., Yin, S. Q., and Wang, X. W.

Subjects
ENERGY storage, SOL-gel processes, DIELECTRICS, DIELECTRIC loss, CERAMICS
Abstract

A series of Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (referred to as BCZT) ceramics were fabricated by the sol–gel method with different aging temperatures. The structure, dielectric property, and the energy storage property were researched. Compared with the BCZT synthesized with the traditional solid-state reaction method, the samples prepared by the sol–gel method have obvious advantages in various performances. And a strong influence of aging temperature on the BCZT ceramics was observed. The suitable aging temperature can broaden the dielectric peak and decrease the Curie temperature. In addition, the optimal BCZT sample with the aging temperature of 60 °C exists a high permittivity (εr ~ 3141) and a low dielectric loss (tanδ ~ 0.012) at the frequency of 102 Hz. Moreover, the coercive field and remnant polarization of the BCZT were greatly decreased, contributing to slim hysteresis loops. Notably, the thinner P-E loop contributes a high energy storage efficiency (76.6%) at 40 kV/cm electric field which is much higher than the BCZT synthesized by the traditional solid-state reaction method. All measurements indicate the effect of aging temperature on ceramic properties is related to the grain size and the degree of diffusion. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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38. Enhanced energy storage properties of Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3—8%BiFeO3 ceramics by doping of Mg ions and Ti ions.

Author

Yin, S. Q., Feng, J., Zheng, Y. P., Ren, Z. Y., He, L. F., Li, H. N., Yang, F., Dang, S. T., Chen, S. Y., Hu, Y. C., Shang, J., and Wang, X. W.

Subjects
ENERGY storage, ION energy, CERAMICS, ELECTRIC breakdown, PULSED power systems, ENERGY density
Abstract

Energy storage ceramics are important materials used in dielectric energy storage capacitors, which have a large dielectric constant, low dielectric loss, and good temperature stability. It has a promising application in high temperature-resistant dielectric pulse power systems. This study uses the sol–gel method to prepare Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3 (abbreviated as BCZT) precursor powder, and then uses the solid phase method to prepare Ba0.85Ca0.15Zr0.1Ti0.9O3-8%BiFe1-x(Mg0.5Ti0.5)xO3 (abbreviated as BCZT-BFMT, x = 0, 15, 50 and 100%). The effects of different doping amounts of Mg ions and Ti ions on the energy storage performance of BCZT-BFMT ceramics were systematically investigated. The results show that all samples with different compositions show pure phase and dense microstructures, and the sample with x = 50% has better dielectric properties. When the doping content is 50%, the energy storage density of the sample is 0.73 J/cm3 under the breakdown electric field of 108 kV/cm, which is significantly improved compared with the pure BCZT-BF sample. [ABSTRACT FROM AUTHOR]

Published
2022
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41. Guidelines for the use and interpretation of assays for monitoring autophagy (4th edition)

Author

Klionsky, DJ, Abdel-Aziz, AK, Abdelfatah, S, Abdellatif, M, Abdoli, A, Abel, S, Abeliovich, H, Abildgaard, MH, Abudu, YP, Acevedo-Arozena, A, Adamopoulos, IE, Adeli, K, Adolph, TE, Adornetto, A, Aflaki, E, Agam, G, Agarwal, A, Aggarwal, BB, Agnello, M, Agostinis, P, Agrewala, JN, Agrotis, A, Aguilar, PV, Ahmad, ST, Ahmed, ZM, Ahumada-Castro, U, Aits, S, Aizawa, S, Akkoc, Y, Akoumianaki, T, Akpinar, HA, Al-Abd, AM, Al-Akra, L, Al-Gharaibeh, A, Alaoui-Jamali, MA, Alberti, S, Alcocer-Gómez, E, Alessandri, C, Ali, M, Alim Al-Bari, MA, Aliwaini, S, Alizadeh, J, Almacellas, E, Almasan, A, Alonso, A, Alonso, GD, Altan-Bonnet, N, Altieri, DC, Álvarez, ÉMC, Alves, S, Alves da Costa, C, Alzaharna, MM, Amadio, M, Amantini, C, Amaral, C, Ambrosio, S, Amer, AO, Ammanathan, V, An, Z, Andersen, SU, Andrabi, SA, Andrade-Silva, M, Andres, AM, Angelini, S, Ann, D, Anozie, UC, Ansari, MY, Antas, P, Antebi, A, Antón, Z, Anwar, T, Apetoh, L, Apostolova, N, Araki, T, Araki, Y, Arasaki, K, Araújo, WL, Araya, J, Arden, C, Arévalo, M-A, Arguelles, S, Arias, E, Arikkath, J, Arimoto, H, Ariosa, AR, Armstrong-James, D, Arnauné-Pelloquin, L, Aroca, A, Arroyo, DS, Arsov, I, Artero, R, Asaro, DML, Aschner, M, Ashrafizadeh, M, Ashur-Fabian, O, Atanasov, AG, Au, AK, Auberger, P, Auner, HW, Aurelian, L, Autelli, R, Avagliano, L, Ávalos, Y, Aveic, S, Aveleira, CA, Avin-Wittenberg, T, Aydin, Y, Ayton, S, Ayyadevara, S, Azzopardi, M, Baba, M, Backer, JM, Backues, SK, Bae, D-H, Bae, O-N, Bae, SH, Baehrecke, EH, Baek, A, Baek, S-H, Baek, SH, Bagetta, G, Bagniewska-Zadworna, A, Bai, H, Bai, J, Bai, X, Bai, Y, Bairagi, N, Baksi, S, Balbi, T, Baldari, CT, Balduini, W, Ballabio, A, Ballester, M, Balazadeh, S, Balzan, R, Bandopadhyay, R, Banerjee, S, Bánréti, Á, Bao, Y, Baptista, MS, Baracca, A, Barbati, C, Bargiela, A, Barilà, D, Barlow, PG, Barmada, SJ, Barreiro, E, Barreto, GE, Bartek, J, Bartel, B, Bartolome, A, Barve, GR, Basagoudanavar, SH, Bassham, DC, Bast, RC, Basu, A, Batoko, H, Batten, I, Baulieu, 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Y, Oshima, S, Rong, Y, Sluimer, JC, Stallings, CL, and Tong, C-K

Abstract

In 2008, we published the first set of guidelines for standardizing research in autophagy. Since then, this topic has received increasing attention, and many scientists have entered the field. Our knowledge base and relevant new technologies have also been expanding. Thus, it is important to formulate on a regular basis updated guidelines for monitoring autophagy in different organisms. Despite numerous reviews, there continues to be confusion regarding acceptable methods to evaluate autophagy, especially in multicellular eukaryotes. Here, we present a set of guidelines for investigators to select and interpret methods to examine autophagy and related processes, and for reviewers to provide realistic and reasonable critiques of reports that are focused on these processes. These guidelines are not meant to be a dogmatic set of rules, because the appropriateness of any assay largely depends on the question being asked and the system being used. Moreover, no individual assay is perfect for every situation, calling for the use of multiple techniques to properly monitor autophagy in each experimental setting. Finally, several core components of the autophagy machinery have been implicated in distinct autophagic processes (canonical and noncanonical autophagy), implying that genetic approaches to block autophagy should rely on targeting two or more autophagy-related genes that ideally participate in distinct steps of the pathway. Along similar lines, because multiple proteins involved in autophagy also regulate other cellular pathways including apoptosis, not all of them can be used as a specific marker for bona fide autophagic responses. Here, we critically discuss current methods of assessing autophagy and the information they can, or cannot, provide. Our ultimate goal is to encourage intellectual and technical innovation in the field.

Published
2021

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